CN103320652B - Zinc-based alloy for die and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Zinc-based alloy for die and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103320652B CN103320652B CN201310295780.2A CN201310295780A CN103320652B CN 103320652 B CN103320652 B CN 103320652B CN 201310295780 A CN201310295780 A CN 201310295780A CN 103320652 B CN103320652 B CN 103320652B
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Abstract
The invention provides a zinc-based alloy for a die and a preparation process thereof. The invention is characterized in that the zinc-based alloy for the die is composed of a matrix alloy, intermediate alloys, an alterant and a scouring agent and comprises 12.5 to 16.5% of Al, 8 to 12.5% of Cu, 0.01 to 0.05% of Mg, 0.10 to 0.25% of Ti, 0.01 to 0.03% of B, 1 to 3% of Si, 0.4 to 0.8% of Mn, 0.2 to 0.8% of the alterant Re and 0.4 to 0.5% of the scouring agent ZnCl2, with the balance being Zn, wherein the alterant Re comprises 45 to 55% of La, 10 to 20% of Ce, 7 to 15% of Y and 4 to 10% of Gd. The preparation process comprises the following steps: preparation of a copper-aluminum intermediate alloy; alloy melting; deterioration and inoculation; refining; casting; and cooling. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the zinc-based alloy for the die has the following mechanical properties at normal temperature, i.e., sigma b of 492.6 MPa, delta s of 1.42% and HBR of 168; even at a high temperature of 200 DEG C, sigma b reaches 216 MPa and delta s reaches 26%, completely according with the requirement of a common injection die for the mechanical property sigma b of 120 to 150 MPa at the temperature of 200 DEG C. Compared with common zinc alloys, the zinc-based alloy provided by the invention enables a longer service life to be obtained when used for production of thermosetting and thermoplastic products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal, relate to the zinc base alloy, particularly a kind of mould zinc base alloy preparation technology of a kind of mould containing copper.
Background technology
Zinc alloy is the new engineering material that development in recent years is got up, and for China that nonferrous metal resource is abundant, the research and development of zinc alloy material have very important meaning.Zinc alloy die because of its manufacturing cycle short, cost is low, can reuse, and processing parts quality is high, the advantages such as applied range, upgrades and a kind of desirable mould of can yet be regarded as such as new product development for the special-shaped part of multi items, short run, product remodeling.
Zinc alloy mould making process is simple, and operation is few, does not need high finishing machine, and the moulding cycle can shorten 30%-40% than punching block.Zinc alloy die with low cost, generally only has 1/6 ~ 1/8 of similar steel die cost; The fusing point of zinc base alloy is 380 DEG C, there is good physics, mechanical property, flowing property and superplastic ability, and have certain hardness, for making blanking die, there is unique compensate for wear performance, for drawing die, there is unique self-lubricity and sintering resistance, for mould of plastics, there is good mobility, be easy to obtain bright and clean die cavity, complex-shaped surface mould, utilize superplasticity to suppress intricate detail.Zn-base alloy fusing consumed energy is few, saves the energy.Alloy melting is little with cast environmental pollution, the good operation conditions of operator.Zinc alloy material can remelting reuse, meets the needs of environment sustainable development.
But, the Zinc alloy die material of current domestic use exists that comprehensive mechanical performance is not high, die life is not long, heat-resisting and wear resisting property is poor, and the higher die products use of the operating temperature requirements such as thermosetting resin can not be met, and also there are some problems in mould making process.Therefore, optimize the tissue of Zinc alloy for die and improve Zinc alloy for die performance, becoming the key of development Zinc alloy for die and broadened application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, develop and a kind of there is wear-resisting, corrosion resisting property and good dimensional stability preferably, have again mould zinc base alloy and the preparation technology thereof of good casting and machinability simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can be realized by the design of alloy composition and technical scheme:
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention is made up of matrix alloy, master alloy, alterant and scouring agent.Its composition quality proportioning is: Al:12.5 ~ 16.5%, Cu:8 ~ 12.5%, Mg:0.01 ~ 0.05%, Ti:0.10 ~ 0.25%, B:0.01 ~ 0.03%, Si:1 ~ 3%, Mn:0.4 ~ 0.8%, Re alterant: 0.2 ~ 0.8%, ZnCl2 refining agent: 0.4 ~ 0.5%, all the other are Zn; Re alterant composition quality proportioning is: La:45 ~ 55%, Ce:10 ~ 20%, Y:7 ~ 15%, Gd:4 ~ 10%.
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention and preparation technology thereof, its manufacturing technology steps is:
1) material adopts industrial zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot, industrial magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy, ZnCl
2industry scouring agent, Re alterant;
2) preparation of copper-aluminium master alloy: after first being melted by aluminium in crucible electrical resistance furnace or Medium frequency induction smelting furnace, then copper is immersed aluminium liquid, under 780 ~ 800 DEG C of conditions, after aluminium, copper being melted completely, add 0.4% ~ 0.5%ZnCl
2refining, leaves standstill, skims, and is prepared into containing Cu50% copper-aluminium master alloy;
3) smelting pot is preheating to 450 ~ 500 DEG C, after adding the Zn fusing of required quality, add copper-aluminium master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy successively according to required quality, be warmed up to 700 DEG C after master alloy all melts, then add the Al of required quality;
4) with the Mg of the required quality of aluminium foil parcel, be pressed into bottom alloy solution, after Al, Mg melt completely, add B, Ti of required quality; After B, Ti melt completely, add with quality Re alterant needed for aluminium foil parcel, melt bottom press-in alloy solution;
5), after Re alterant to be added dissolves completely, when temperature drops to 550 ~ 600 DEG C, 0.4%ZnCl is added
2refining agent, leaves standstill, skims;
6) pour in casting ladle by melted zinc alloy, be cast straight in metal mold or sand mold and be cast as ZINC ALLOY or zinc alloy component, the type of cooling is water-cooled or air cooling.
Mould zinc base alloy chemical composition preparation provided by the present invention is according to being:
Al is the main adding elements in zinc alloy.Al is a soft tough phase, the intensity level of pure Al is 90 ~ 120MPa, and unit elongation is 11% ~ 15%, but relative Zn, it is then hard strong phase, because the tensile strength of pure Zn is only 20 ~ 70MPa, unit elongation then has 40% ~ 50% big, along with the increase containing Al amount, sosoloid quantity increases, solid solution strengthening effect strengthens, and simultaneously due to sosoloid increasing number, the resistance toheat of zinc alloy improves.The solubleness of Zn in sosoloid reduces along with the reduction of temperature simultaneously, so just makes Zn be dissolved in sosoloid to supersaturation in casting solidification process, serves the effect of solution strengthening.Along with the decline of temperature, the melting degree of zinc in aluminium declines, and will produce eutectoid reaction when arriving certain temperature, the performance of alloy has a huge impact by this.
Cu is one of main strengthening element in ZA alloy.After Cu content exceedes solubleness (0.8%), then with CuZn
3compound form occur and disperse ground be distributed on matrix, along with containing Cu measure increase, the CuZn in tissue
3increase gradually mutually, appropriate CuZn
3be distributed in the tissue of alloy to phase disperse, effectively can hinder the movement of dislocation, thus make intensity level be improved, plasticity is also improved simultaneously.After Cu is excessive, then CuZn
3too much mutually, cause and connect to net, now not only can not put forward heavy alloyed performance, make fragility increase on the contrary, serve opposite effect.Therefore, control and select suitable measuring containing Cu to be very important.
In ZA alloy, magnesium content is generally little.Because only a small amount of magnesium need be added, just there is obvious strengthening effect.The solubleness of magnesium in zinc alloy is little, but magnesium plays solution strengthening equally, improves the effect of intensity and hardness.Magnesium can also stop the intergranular corrosion of zinc-aluminium effectively simultaneously, but the Mg content in zinc alloy should not be too high, otherwise can fall low-alloyed plasticity and toughness, increases the hot tearing of alloy, cold cracking sensitivity.Add appropriate magnesium elements in alloy and can also play concise, metamorphism.The melting later stage adds a small amount of magnesium, and it melts boiling, gas (hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen) the floating aseptic not only in fluid-absorbing, and the more important thing is and form stirring action in a liquid, slows down the composition segregation phenomena of aluminium, zinc.
Boron is the effectively nucleating agent of ZA alloy, can significantly improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of alloy, but too much B will produce segregation in the as-cast structure of cast Zn-Al alloy, thus loses the effect of thinning microstructure.Ti is to the raising successful of the intensity of ZA alloy and plasticity over-all properties.B-Ti Combined Processing is heavily better than being used alone B or Ti effect.By adding silicon addition, Mn can improve ZA Wear Resistance.Therefore, control and select suitable measuring containing B, Ti, Si, Mn to be very important.
Beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: σ under a kind of mould zinc base alloy of the present invention mechanical property normal temperature
b492.6MPa can be reached, δ
sreaching 1.42%, HBR is 168; Even if under 200 DEG C of high temperature, its σ
balso 216MPa can be reached, δ
sreach 26%, meet the mechanical property requirements of general injection mold 120 ~ 150MPa under the condition of 200 DEG C completely, also meet the requirement to the strength of materials and the higher moulding stock such as punching die, drawing die of hardness requirement simultaneously.Zinc alloy die material of the present invention may be used for the production of thermoset and thermoplastic articles, also has higher work-ing life than common zinc alloy.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention is made up of matrix alloy, master alloy, alterant and scouring agent.Its composition quality proportioning is: Al:12%, Cu:8%, Mg:0.01%, Ti:0.10%, B:0.01%, Si:1%, Mn:0.4%, Re alterant: 0.2%, ZnCl
2refining agent: 0.4%, all the other are Zn; Re alterant composition quality proportioning is: La:45%, Ce:10%, Y:7%, Gd:4%.
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention and preparation technology thereof, its manufacturing technology steps is:
1) material adopts industrial zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot, industrial magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy, ZnCl
2industry scouring agent, alterant;
2) preparation of copper-aluminium master alloy: after first being melted by aluminium in crucible electrical resistance furnace or Medium frequency induction smelting furnace, then copper is immersed aluminium liquid, under 780 ~ 800 DEG C of conditions, after aluminium, copper being melted completely, add 0.4%ZnCl
2refining, leaves standstill, skims, and is prepared into containing Cu50% copper-aluminium master alloy;
3) smelting pot is preheating to 450 ~ 500 DEG C, after adding the Zn fusing of required quality, add copper-aluminium master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy successively according to required quality, be warmed up to 700 DEG C after master alloy all melts, then add the Al of required quality;
4) be pressed into bottom alloy solution with the required mass M g of aluminium foil parcel, after Al, Mg melt completely, add B, Ti of required quality; After B, Ti melt completely, add and wrap required quality Re alterant with Aluminium Foil Package, melt bottom press-in alloy solution;
5), after Re alterant to be added dissolves completely, when temperature drops to 550 ~ 600 DEG C, 0.4%ZnCl is added
2refining agent.Leave standstill, skim;
6) pour in casting ladle by melted zinc alloy, be cast straight in metal mold or sand mold and be cast as ZINC ALLOY or zinc alloy component, the type of cooling is water-cooled.
Embodiment two
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention is made up of matrix alloy, master alloy, alterant and scouring agent.Its composition quality proportioning is: Al:15%, Cu:9.5%, Mg:0.02%, Ti:0.12%, B:0.01%, Si:1%, Mn:0.5%, Re alterant: 0.3%, ZnCl
2refining agent: 0.4%, all the other are Zn; Re alterant composition quality proportioning is: La:48%, Ce:13%, Y:9%, Gd:5%.
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention and preparation technology thereof, its manufacturing technology steps is:
1) material adopts industrial zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot, industrial magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy, ZnCl
2industry scouring agent, alterant;
2) preparation of copper-aluminium master alloy: after first being melted by aluminium in crucible electrical resistance furnace or Medium frequency induction smelting furnace, then copper is immersed aluminium liquid, under 780 ~ 800 DEG C of conditions, after aluminium, copper being melted completely, add 0.4%ZnCl
2refining, leaves standstill, skims, and is prepared into containing Cu50% copper-aluminium master alloy;
3) smelting pot is preheating to 450 ~ 500 DEG C, after adding the Zn fusing of required quality, add copper-aluminium master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy successively according to required quality, be warmed up to 700 DEG C after master alloy all melts, then add the Al of required quality;
4) with the Mg of the required quality of aluminium foil parcel, be pressed into bottom alloy solution, after Al, Mg melt completely, add B, Ti of required quality; After B, Ti melt completely, add with quality Re alterant needed for aluminium foil parcel, melt bottom press-in alloy solution;
5), after Re alterant to be added dissolves completely, when temperature drops to 550 ~ 600 DEG C, 0.4%ZnCl is added
2refining agent.Leave standstill, skim;
6) pour in casting ladle by melted zinc alloy, be cast straight in metal mold or sand mold and be cast as ZINC ALLOY or zinc alloy component, the type of cooling is air cooling.
Embodiment three
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention is made up of matrix alloy, master alloy, alterant and scouring agent.Its composition quality proportioning is: Al:16%, Cu:12%, Mg:0.04%, Ti:0.2%, B:0.025%, Si:3%, Mn:0.8%, Re alterant: 0.8%, ZnCl
2refining agent: 0.5%, all the other are Zn; Re alterant composition quality proportioning is: La:55%, Ce:20%, Y:15%, Gd:10%.
A kind of mould zinc base alloy provided by the present invention and preparation technology thereof, its manufacturing technology steps is:
1) material adopts industrial zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot, industrial magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy, ZnCl
2industry scouring agent, alterant;
2) preparation of copper-aluminium master alloy: after first being melted by aluminium in crucible electrical resistance furnace or Medium frequency induction smelting furnace, then copper is immersed aluminium liquid, under 780 ~ 800 DEG C of conditions, after aluminium, copper being melted completely, add 0.5%ZnCl
2refining, leaves standstill, skims, and is prepared into containing Cu50% copper-aluminium master alloy;
3) smelting pot is preheating to 450 ~ 500 DEG C, after adding the Zn fusing of required quality, add copper-aluminium master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy successively according to required quality, be warmed up to 700 DEG C after master alloy all melts, then add the Al of required quality;
4) with the Mg of the required quality of aluminium foil parcel, be pressed into bottom alloy solution, after Al, Mg melt completely, add B, Ti of required quality; After B, Ti melt completely, add with quality Re alterant needed for aluminium foil parcel, melt bottom press-in alloy solution;
5), after Re alterant to be added dissolves completely, when temperature drops to 550 ~ 600 DEG C, 0.5%ZnCl is added
2refining agent.Leave standstill, skim;
6) pour in casting ladle by melted zinc alloy, be cast straight in metal mold or sand mold and be cast as ZINC ALLOY or zinc alloy component, the type of cooling is air cooling.
Claims (2)
1. a mould zinc base alloy, is characterized in that the chemical composition quality proportioning of this mould zinc base alloy is: Al:16%, Cu:12%, Mg:0.04%, Ti:0.2%, B:0.025%, Si:3%, Mn:0.8%, Re alterant: 0.8%, ZnCl
2refining agent: 0.5%, all the other are Zn; Re alterant composition quality proportioning is: La:55%, Ce:20%, Y:15%, Gd:10%.
2. a preparation technology for mould zinc base alloy, is characterized in that: its manufacturing technology steps is:
1) material adopts industrial zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot, industrial magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy, ZnCl
2industry scouring agent, alterant;
2) preparation of copper-aluminium master alloy: after first being melted by aluminium in crucible electrical resistance furnace or Medium frequency induction smelting furnace, then copper is immersed aluminium liquid, under 780 ~ 800 DEG C of conditions, after aluminium, copper being melted completely, add 0.4% ~ 0.5%ZnCl
2refining, leaves standstill, skims, and is prepared into containing Cu50% copper-aluminium master alloy;
3) smelting pot is preheating to 450 ~ 500 DEG C, after adding the Zn fusing of required quality, add copper-aluminium master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, aluminium silicon master alloy successively according to required quality, be warmed up to 700 DEG C after master alloy all melts, then add the Al of required quality;
4) with the Mg of the required quality of aluminium foil parcel, be pressed into bottom alloy solution, after Al, Mg melt completely, add B, Ti of required quality; After B, Ti melt completely, add with quality Re alterant needed for aluminium foil parcel, melt bottom press-in alloy solution;
5), after Re alterant to be added dissolves completely, when temperature drops to 550 ~ 600 DEG C, 0.4%ZnCl is added
2refining agent, leaves standstill, skims;
6) pour in casting ladle by melted zinc alloy, be cast straight in metal mold or sand mold and be cast as ZINC ALLOY or zinc alloy component, the type of cooling is water-cooled or air cooling.
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| CN103320652B true CN103320652B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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| CN103572096A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏新亚特钢锻造有限公司 | High-toughness wear-resistant zinc alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103952590A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-30 | 王新海 | Rare-earth aluminum-zinc alloy containing silicon and manganese and modification process of alloy |
| CN106048268A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-26 | 宜兴市凯诚模具有限公司 | Manufacturing method of alloy die |
| CN112943800B (en) * | 2021-04-17 | 2022-09-06 | 宋振亚 | Manufacturing method of sliding oil film bearing bush |
| CN114058910B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-05-31 | 河北工业大学 | Composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1045278A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-09-12 | 机械电子工业部郑州机械研究所 | Damping alloy for gear box of automobile |
| CN101928860A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2010-12-29 | 株洲冶炼集团股份有限公司 | Zinc alloy for manufacturing die |
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| WO2011105646A1 (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-09-01 | 주식회사 인터프랙스퀀텀 | Zinc-aluminum alloy for die-casting |
| KR101281550B1 (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2013-07-03 | 주식회사 엠.이.시 | A method of environment-friendly manufacturing ingot for hot dipped zinc-aluminium-magnesium alloy coating using magnesium scrap |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1045278A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-09-12 | 机械电子工业部郑州机械研究所 | Damping alloy for gear box of automobile |
| CN101928860A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2010-12-29 | 株洲冶炼集团股份有限公司 | Zinc alloy for manufacturing die |
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