CN103319820A - Preparation method of graphene and polymer conductive composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of graphene and polymer conductive composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103319820A CN103319820A CN2013102505985A CN201310250598A CN103319820A CN 103319820 A CN103319820 A CN 103319820A CN 2013102505985 A CN2013102505985 A CN 2013102505985A CN 201310250598 A CN201310250598 A CN 201310250598A CN 103319820 A CN103319820 A CN 103319820A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a graphene and polymer conductive composite material. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, coating oxidized graphene on the surfaces of polyvinylidene fluoride powder particles by a liquor; then, performing mould press for the powder without any protective gases for 2 hours at 200 DEG C. In the powder mould pressing process, oxidized graphene among the polymer powder is reduced in situ to form a two-dimensional channel in a composite material substrate, so that the prepared composite material has very high electric conductive performance under a condition of low content electric conductive filler. The method for preparing the composite material with a separated structure by the mould pressing and in-situ reduction method in one step has the characteristics of simpleness, accessibility, environment friendliness and low cost, provides a novel path for preparing the composite material with the separated structure, and has application prospect.
Description
Technical field
That the present invention relates to is the preparation method of a kind of polymkeric substance and graphene conductive composite material.
Background technology
As everyone knows, in common polymeric matrix conducing composite material, the conductive filler material that often will add high filler loading capacity could be realized the electroconductibility of matrix material.But high filler loading capacity will cause the problems such as the cost increase, poor processability, mechanical properties decrease of matrix material.Therefore obtain higher specific conductivity with less conductive filler material is the target that people pursue always.The research that has in recent years the polymer base conductive composite material of isolating construction gets more and more people's extensive concerning.In the matrix material of this structure, conductive filler material is applied to the polymer beads sub-surface and forms two-dimentional conductive network, thereby makes matrix material obtain higher specific conductivity when lower conductive filler material.Graphene has very high electroconductibility.Because it has very high specific surface, only need a small amount of Graphene is incorporated in the polymkeric substance of insulation and just can make it become conducing composite material.Recently, some researchists are incorporated into Graphene and make the conducing composite material with isolating construction in the polymeric matrix.The people such as Pang (Pang H, Chen T, Zhang GM, Zeng BQ, Li ZM.Mater Lett2010; 64:2226) utilize the dispersion of Graphene in water/ethanol then hot pressing make the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/graphite alkene conducing composite material with isolating construction.The people such as Du (Du JH, Zhao L, Zeng Y, Zhang LL, Li F, Liu PF.Carbon2011; 49:1094-100) also reported similar preparation method.Yet in these methods, the Graphene that directly is dispersed in the solution forms aggregate inevitably in stirring and ultrasonic procedure, cause Graphene inhomogeneous in the lip-deep coating of polymer particle, thereby reduced the conductivity of matrix material.In coating procedure, form aggregate for fear of Graphene, publication number is to disclose a kind of two-step approach that first graphene oxide is coated in the polymer beads sub-surface and then reduces in the Chinese patent file of CN102585335A, compare with the people's such as Du single stage method with top Pang, effectively stop the reunion of Graphene, further improved the electroconductibility of matrix material.
Recently, the people such as Tang (
Tang H,
Ehlert GJ,
Lin Y,
Sodano HA.Nano Lett.2012; 12:84-90) reported and a kind of graphene oxide is dispersed in the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) matrix by solution method, then 200 ° of C hot pressing, the graphene oxide in the matrix is become Graphene by in-situ reducing.This simple, eco-friendly preparation method provides new approach for the large-scale production of polymer/graphene composite material.Yet because the Graphene of their preparation is without being dispersed in the polymeric matrix, therefore the poorly conductive of this matrix material can not satisfy application requiring with returning.If we at first graphene oxide is coated in the polymer beads sub-surface then with it at hot pressing situ redox graphene, make Graphene/polymkeric substance two dimension conductive composite materials with isolating construction, can increase substantially undoubtedly the electroconductibility of matrix material, significant to practical application.Yet the work of this respect there is no report at present at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of any shielding gas or vacuum condition of neither needing, also without any need for the chemical reducing agent redox graphene, simple and practical Graphene and the preparation method of composite conducting polymer material are once finished in reduction and mold pressing.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A. the preparation of graphene oxide: according to Graphite Powder 99 2-3g, SODIUMNITRATE 1-1.5g, the ratio of vitriol oil 350-375ml is mixed to get mixed solution with the three, 10-12g potassium permanganate is slowly joined in the described solution stirring and remain that temperature is lower than under 20 ℃ the cooling conditions, go to and added the ionized water of 250-375ml after 30 minutes and be warmed up to 97 ℃ by continuously stirring under 35 ℃ the water-bath, stir after 30 minutes, make reaction terminating by the hydrogen peroxide that adds deionized water and 60 milliliter 30%, mixing solutions filtered and with 5% the HCl aqueous solution and water cleaning, obtain graphene oxide after the drying;
B. the coating of graphene oxide: placing the deionized water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain homodisperse concentration after 3 hours graphite oxide is the graphite oxide aqueous solution of 0.1mg/ml, 2g polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder is joined in the described graphite oxide aqueous solution of 27-330ml, under 80 ℃ temperature and mechanical stirring, make the solution moisture content testing evaporation, the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies;
C. compression molding: under the condition without any gas shield; the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature Graphene and composite conducting polymer material from press after 2 hours.
Effect of the present invention is by following checking.
Testing method:
For the graphene oxide of calculating reduction shared volume fraction in matrix material, with the also mold pressing 2 hours on 200 ℃ press of the graphene oxide of 0.5g, surveying its weight is 0.2851g, namely in thermal reduction weightless 43%.The density of the graphene oxide that is reduced is by document (Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Dommett GHB, Kohlhaas KM, Zimney EJ, Stach EA, et al.Nature2006; 442:282 – 6) ρ=2.2g/cm
3Calculate.Use respectively DT-9205 digital multimeter and ZC-36 megger to measure the resistance of matrix material.
Peeling off of graphite oxide
Fig. 1 is the X-ray diffraction of graphite and graphite oxide.The X-ray diffraction of graphite ° has the last one peak in 2 θ=26.24, and the interlamellar spacing of corresponding lamella is 0.34nm.After graphite is oxidized, by the diffraction honeybee of 2 θ=10.42 ° as can be known interlamellar spacing be increased to 0.86nm, show that oxy radical has been inserted into interlayer.Graphite oxide is after supersound process, and graphite oxide dissociates, and is dispersed in the stable suspension of formation in the aqueous solution.Atomic force microscope observation shows, the graphene oxide sheet in this suspension is about 1nm (seeing Fig. 2).
The coating of graphene oxide
Fig. 3 has shown the dispersion of graphene oxide on the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) particle.Graphene oxide sheet as thin as a wafer randomly is dispersed in the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) particle surface.(Fig. 3 a) still also finds to exist a small amount of graphene oxide aggregate (Fig. 3 b) to the almost completely oxidized graphene film covering in the surface of some polymer particles.
The original position thermal reduction of graphene oxide
Forefathers' work (
Tang H,
Ehlert GJ,
Lin Y,
Sodano HA.Nano Lett.2012; 12:84-90) show, graphene oxide is reduced through 200 ℃ of two hours thermal treatment rear oxidation Graphenes, and further increasing heat treatment time is invalid to the reduction of graphene oxide.Therefore in the present invention, heating two hours reductive conditions as graphene oxide at 200 ℃.Through the thermal treatment of above-mentioned condition, namely the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of all oxidized Graphenes coatings is after 200 ℃ of hot pressing in two hours, and their color becomes black by lark or grey.As a typical example, Fig. 4 has provided the color change of graphene oxide before and after hot pressing of the reduction that contains 0.114vol.% in the matrix material, becomes the block composite material of black behind the powder hot-pressing of lark.This phenomenon shows has removed the oxy radical on the graphene oxide in the hot pressing, making the thermal reduction of graphene oxide original position is Graphene.
The conductive network of isolating construction
Behind the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder hot-pressing that graphene oxide applies, originally the position that was distributed in the graphene oxide lamella on the polymer particle remains unchanged substantially, the graphene oxide that is reduced behind the formation matrix material only is distributed in the interface location of two polymer particles rather than is evenly distributed in the whole polymeric matrix, therefore forms the two-dimentional conductive network with isolating construction in matrix material.As shown in Figure 5.
The present invention at first utilizes solution method that the graphene oxide lamella is coated on the polymer beads sub-surface, the size of coated weight is by how many decisions that contain the graphene solution amount, then remove solvent, obtain the polymer powder that graphene oxide applies, with these coated powder hot-pressings, obtain having two dimension conductive composite materials of isolating construction again.This matrix material only need add a small amount of graphene oxide just can obtain very high specific conductivity through the hot pressing in-situ reducing, makes the polymkeric substance of insulation become the complex body of conduction, therefore have in practice extensive use.
Description of drawings
The X-ray diffraction of Fig. 1 graphite and graphite oxide.
Fig. 2 atomic force microscopy is observed.
Fig. 3 a-Fig. 3 b graphene oxide is in the dispersion on the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (matrix material contains the Graphene of 0.134vol% after the hot pressing).
Fig. 4 contains the color distinction of matrix material (a) and its starting powder (b) of 0.114vol.%.
Fig. 5 volume fraction is the Photomicrograph of 0.134% matrix material.
The relation of Fig. 6 specific conductivity and volume fraction.
Embodiment
The below does more detailed description to the present invention for example.
Embodiment 1:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 27ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 5.41 * 10
-10S/m.
Embodiment 2:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 35ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 1.21 * 10
-5S/m.
Embodiment 3:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 49ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 1.12 * 10
-4S/m.
Embodiment 4:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 58ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 1.04 * 10
-3S/m.
Embodiment 5:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 97ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 2.41 * 10
-3S/m.
Embodiment 6:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 108ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 4.12 * 10
-3S/m.
Embodiment 7:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 176ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 9.12 * 10
-3S/m.
Embodiment 8:
The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined in the graphene oxide solution that 330ml concentration is 0.1mg/ml, after making the solution moisture content testing evaporation under 80 ℃ temperature and the mechanical stirring, the polymer powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies.The polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature matrix material from press after 2 hours.The specific conductivity that records this matrix material is 2.21 * 10
-2S/m.
Fig. 6 is the specific conductivity of above-described embodiment and the relation of volume fraction, and to ooze threshold values be 0.105vol.% in the figure Chongqing that can obtain thus.The coefficient t relevant with the system dimension is 1.101, illustrates that matrix material is two-dimentional conductive network, and this is consistent with experimental result.
The specific descriptions of above theory invention are illustrative, are not to be subjected to the above-mentioned content constraints of describing.During enforcement, in the limited range of claim, can carry out multiple variation and change, but they all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Attached following specific conductivity related data is for inventing:
(density is 1.78g/cm to the PVDF of 2g
3), volume is 1.124cm
3, the graphene oxide weight loss is 43%, remains 57% of original weight, Graphene density is 2.2g/cm
3, strength of solution is the graphene oxide of 0.1mg/ml.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a Graphene and composite conducting polymer material is characterized in that:
A. the preparation of graphene oxide: according to Graphite Powder 99 2-3g, SODIUMNITRATE 1-1.5g, the ratio of vitriol oil 350-375ml is mixed to get mixed solution with the three, 10-12g potassium permanganate is slowly joined in the described solution stirring and remain that temperature is lower than under 20 ℃ the cooling conditions, go to and added the ionized water of 250-375ml after 30 minutes and be warmed up to 97 ℃ by continuously stirring under 35 ℃ the water-bath, stir after 30 minutes, make reaction terminating by the hydrogen peroxide that adds deionized water and 60 milliliter 30%, mixing solutions filtered and with 5% the HCl aqueous solution and water cleaning, obtain graphene oxide after the drying;
B. the coating of graphene oxide: placing the deionized water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain homodisperse concentration after 3 hours graphite oxide is the graphite oxide aqueous solution of 0.1mg/ml, 2g polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder is joined in the described graphite oxide aqueous solution of 27-330ml, under 80 ℃ temperature and mechanical stirring, make the solution moisture content testing evaporation, the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that oxidized Graphene applies under 80 ℃ vacuum dry 24 hours obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies;
C. compression molding: under the condition without any gas shield; the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide is applied places on 200 ℃ the press mold pressing to take out air cooling obtains to have isolating construction to room temperature Graphene and composite conducting polymer material from press after 2 hours.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104845009A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Fluorine resin/graphene composite material with isolation structure and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105215353A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-06 | 山东大学 | A kind of Metal/grapheme composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN106633336A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-05-10 | 复旦大学 | Method for preparing polymer/reduced graphene oxide composite material |
| CN108976606A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-11 | 四川大学 | Anisotropic conductive thermal conductive polymer composite material and preparation method |
| CN110550626A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-10 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for controllable reduction in modified graphene oxide matrix |
| CN114392659A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-26 | 台州耘智科技有限公司 | Device and method for preparing modified polyvinylidene fluoride from graphene oxide |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104845009A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Fluorine resin/graphene composite material with isolation structure and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105215353A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-06 | 山东大学 | A kind of Metal/grapheme composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN106633336A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-05-10 | 复旦大学 | Method for preparing polymer/reduced graphene oxide composite material |
| CN106633336B (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2020-04-07 | 复旦大学 | Method for preparing polymer/reduced graphene oxide composite material |
| CN108976606A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-11 | 四川大学 | Anisotropic conductive thermal conductive polymer composite material and preparation method |
| CN110550626A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-10 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for controllable reduction in modified graphene oxide matrix |
| CN110550626B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-03-26 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for controllable reduction in modified graphene oxide matrix |
| CN114392659A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-26 | 台州耘智科技有限公司 | Device and method for preparing modified polyvinylidene fluoride from graphene oxide |
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