CN103308780B - Total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism and measuring method - Google Patents
Total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism and measuring method.The inventive system comprises microcontroller, field mill sensor, current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit, bandpass filtering, variable gain amplifier, A/D converter, motor-drive circuit, receiver, D/A converter, communication module and memory module.Microprocessor controls D/A converter exports analog voltage signal, a road analog voltage signal input motor-drive circuit, and control the rotating speed of direct current generator, DC motor Driver gear case operates, and gear case drives moving plate to rotate; Another road analog voltage signal input variable gain amplifier.Current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit converts the current signal on still in blade to voltage signal, then sends bandpass filtering to, then sends A/D converter to through variable gain amplifier, and A/D converter sampled voltage signal also sends microcontroller to.This device can on-line checkingi total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formate field intensity measurement mechanism and measuring method, particularly a kind of total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism and measuring method.
Background technology
China will accelerate the intelligent grid construction that extra-high voltage grid is skeleton " 12 " period.The construction of UHV transmission net also brings new problem, comprises the problem such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the insulating material of extra-high voltage and technology, extra high voltage direct current transmission line.After DC power transmission line is run, the electric field intensity making space total increases, thus produces stronger electromagnetic interference (EMI), comprises on the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of surrounding devices and on people and biological impact.Along with the health perception of the public and improving constantly of environmental consciousness, the public more and more payes attention to electromagnetic environmental pollution problem, and requirement government department being strengthened to electromagnetic environment supervision also more comes also strong.
Compared with transmission line of alternation current, DC power transmission line is more more complicated than alternating current circuit to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of surrounding devices with equipment, and particularly its formate field intensity is also by the impact of earth potential, the method for operation (one pole or bipolar).Now there are some researches show, earthy size can affect the distribution of DC transmission line formate field intensity.Therefore, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) evaluation criteria of DC power transmission equipment is different from AC input transformation device.A lot of country has formulated the electromagnetic environment standard limited value of DC power transmission line.Russia specifies that general population is no more than 8 hours in the time of Below-the-line, and electric field intensity limit value is 15kV/m; U.S.'s regulation DC power transmission line ground maximum field intensity limit value is 15kV/m, and Japanese Environment council is defined as 9kV/m; China also expands relevant research, published power industry standard DL436-2005 " high voltage direct current aerial power transmission line fire protection technology ", DL/T275-2012 " ± 800kV UHVDC converter station electromagnetic environment limit value ", under having respectively provided DC line, the maximum total electric field strength in ground and current conversion station ground should more than 30kV/m.
For the electromagnetic environment problem that direct current electric transmission and transformation engineering will face, the present invention studies total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism and measuring method, detects the size of formate field intensity around extra-high voltage direct-current transmission line.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned existing issue, the invention provides a kind of total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism and measuring method, it can on-line checkingi, has great practical value.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is such: total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism, comprises microcontroller, field mill sensor, current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit, bandpass filtering, variable gain amplifier, A/D converter, motor-drive circuit, receiver, D/A converter, communication module and memory module; Wherein, described field mill sensor comprises the blade, direct current generator, MR scrambler and the gear case that are made up of still and moving plate.
Microprocessor controls D/A converter exports the separate analog voltage signal of at least two-way, a wherein road analog voltage signal input motor-drive circuit, after motor-drive circuit power amplification, control the rotating speed of direct current generator, DC motor Driver gear case operates, and the moving plate in gear case driven vane rotates; Another road analog voltage signal input variable gain amplifier, controls the enlargement factor of variable gain amplifier.
The tach signal of direct current generator measured by MR scrambler, and sends the tach signal of direct current generator to receiver, and receiver is by RS232 interface and micro-controller communications.
Current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit converts the current signal on still in blade to voltage signal, then sends bandpass filtering to; Voltage signal is eliminated after undesired signal through bandpass filtering, sends variable gain amplifier to; The voltage signal eliminating undesired signal, after variable gain amplifier signal amplifies, sends A/D converter to; A/D converter sampled voltage signal, and send the numerical value of collection to microcontroller.
Microcontroller is connected with memory module, and the data of collection are first stored into high-speed memory in microcontroller by microcontroller, then are stored into memory module.Storage module adopts SD card.Microcontroller is connected with communication module, is convenient to communicate with the miscellaneous equipment of outside.Communication module comprises RS232 module, RS485 module and wireless communication module.
A/D converter adopts independent A/D conversion chip or the A/D modular converter of microcontroller.
D/A converter adopts independent D/A conversion chip or the D/A modular converter of microcontroller.
Utilize device of the present invention to carry out the measuring method of total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement, comprise the steps:
(a) setting DC motor speed N and maximum (top) speed deviation N
0;
B () setting D/A converter exports initial value;
C () motor-drive circuit drives direct current generator to rotate, until stabilization of speed;
D motor speed n measured by () MR scrambler;
E () judges | whether n-N| is less than N
0; If | n-N| is more than or equal to N
0, according to rotating speed deviation | n-N| adjusts the analog voltage that D/A converter exports, and forwards step (c) to; If | n-N| is less than N
0, forward step (f) to;
Current signal on still in (f) measurement blade, and convert voltage signal to by current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit, eliminate undesired signal through bandpass filtering;
G () changes the analog voltage of D/A converter output according to the amplitude size of voltage signal, and then adjustment variable gain amplifier enlargement factor;
H () voltage signal amplifies through variable gain amplifier, A/D converter sampled voltage signal, and sends the data of collection to microcontroller;
(i), according to DC motor speed N, gearbox speed reduction ratio and blade characteristic, ask for the frequency f of current signal on still in blade;
J (), according to signal frequency f, is carried out digital filtering or digital phase-sensitive demodulation process to image data, is obtained signal amplitude;
K () calculates formate field intensity size;
L each data are stored into memory module by (); External unit is transferred data to by communication module.
The sinusoidal signal of frequency f can pass through bandpass filtering, and not by filtering.
The present invention can realize 24 hours on-line monitoring total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line, and then realizes the monitoring to DC power transmission equipment electromagnetic interference (EMI).Total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism adopts field mill sensor, and in conjunction with the measuring method proposed in the present invention, can realize carrying out Measurement accuracy to the electric field intensity of measurement point.Memory module in device has ensured the mass memory of measurement data.Communication module in device has ensured magnanimity telecommunication management real-time between measurement mechanism and background service system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is measuring method process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is bandwidth-limited circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is single channel translation difference subchannel circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is variable-gain amplification circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is D/A converter circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is motor-drive circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
See accompanying drawing 1, total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism, comprise microcontroller 1, field mill sensor 2, current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3, bandpass filtering 4, variable gain amplifier 5, A/D converter 6, motor-drive circuit 7, receiver 8, D/A converter 9, communication module 10 and memory module 11, below the work of modules is described in detail.
A () field mill sensor 2 is made up of blade 21, direct current generator 22, MR scrambler 23 and gear case 24; Its Leaf 21 is made up of still and moving plate; Direct current generator 22 drive gear casing 24; In gear case 24 driven vane 21, moving plate rotates; Direct current generator 22 rotating speed measured by MR scrambler 23; Moving plate drives synchronous rotary by direct current generator, periodically shields and exposes the still be positioned at below it, causes induced charge on still periodically to change and forms electric current output and then draw surveyed field intensity size.
B () microcontroller 1 controls D/A converter 9 and exports analog voltage, the analog voltage output port that D/A converter 9 has at least two-way separate; Wherein a road analog voltage output port is connected with motor-drive circuit 7, exports analog voltage after motor-drive circuit 7 power amplification, controls direct current generator 22 rotary rpm; An other road analog voltage output port is connected with variable gain amplifier 5, exports analog voltage and controls variable gain amplifier 5 enlargement factor.
C () MR scrambler 23 sends direct current generator 22 tach signal to receiver 8, receiver 8 is communicated with microcontroller 1 by RS422 interface.
D () current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3 converts current signal on still in blade 21 to voltage signal, send bandpass filtering 4 to; Voltage signal eliminates undesired signal through bandpass filtering 4, sends variable gain amplifier 5 to; Voltage signal, after variable gain amplifier 5 signal amplifies, sends A/D converter 6 to; A/D converter 6 sampled voltage signal, and send the numerical value of collection to microcontroller 1.
E the data of collection are stored into memory module 11 by () microcontroller 1.The data of collection are first stored into high-speed memory in microcontroller by microcontroller 1, then are stored into memory module 11.Memory module 11 adopts SD card to store data.
F () microcontroller 1 is by communication module 10 and other external device communication.Communication module 10 comprises RS232, RS485 and wireless communication module.
A/D converter 6 can adopt independent A/D conversion chip or the inner A/D modular converter of microcontroller 1.D/A converter 9 can adopt independent D/A conversion chip or the inner D/A modular converter of microcontroller 1.
See accompanying drawing 2, the measuring method of total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism is:
(a) setting direct current generator 22 rotating speed N and maximum (top) speed deviation N
0;
B () setting D/A converter 9 exports initial value;
C () motor-drive circuit 7 drives direct current generator 22 to rotate, until stabilization of speed;
D motor speed n measured by () MR scrambler 23;
E () judges | whether n-N| is less than N
0; If | n-N| is more than or equal to N
0, according to rotating speed deviation | n-N| adjusts D/A converter 9 output voltage, forwards step c to; If | n-N| is less than N
0, forward step f to;
Current signal on still in (f) measurement blade 21, and convert voltage signal to by current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3, eliminate undesired signal through bandpass filtering 4;
G () changes D/A converter 9 output voltage according to the amplitude size of voltage signal, and then adjustment variable gain amplifier 5 enlargement factor;
H () voltage signal amplifies through variable gain amplifier 5, A/D converter 6 sampled voltage signal, and sends the data of collection to microcontroller 1;
I (), according to direct current generator 22 rotating speed N, gear case 24 reduction gear ratio and blade 21 characteristic, asks for the frequency f of current signal on still in blade 21;
J (), according to signal frequency f, is carried out digital filtering or digital phase-sensitive demodulation (DPSD) process to image data, is obtained signal amplitude;
K () calculates formate field intensity size;
L each data are stored into memory module 11 by (); Other equipment is transferred data to by communication module 10.Here data comprise the data gathered in step (h), frequency f, amplitude, formate field intensity, etc.
The sinusoidal signal of frequency f can pass through bandpass filtering 4, and not by filtering.
In the embodiment of the present invention, microcontroller adopts ST company of STMicw Electronics based on the STM32F3 Series of MCU STM32F373VCT6 of ARMCortex-M series processors, the multifunction timepiece control module that this series is 1% by integrating Cortex-M4 kernel, quick 12 5MSPS and accurate 16 sigma-deltaADC, programmable gain amplifier 4 grades of gains, degree of accuracy, 50ns comparer and frequency of operation are 144MHz fast achieves embedded DSC design innovation, thus achieves best integrated.
The particular circuit configurations figure of an indefiniteness of current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3 is represented see accompanying drawing 3, in blade 21, on still, current signal converts voltage signal to through current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3, and current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3 is made up of operational amplifier A DA4841-2.ADA4841-2 is a unity gain stable type of Ya De promise semiconductor (ADI) company, low noise and low distortion, rail-to-rail output amplifier, and maximum static current is 1.5mA.The current signal of input is transformed into voltage signal by the first half of current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3, and the voltage signal of conversion is carried out homophase amplification or voltage follow process by the latter half of circuit, then input tape pass filter 4.
Represent the particular circuit configurations figure of an indefiniteness of band filtering 4 see accompanying drawing 4, carry out bandpass filtering treatment to the voltage signal that current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit 3 exports, bandpass filtering 4 circuit is made up of operational amplifier A DA4841-2.Bandpass filtering 4 is made up of a Hi-pass filter and a low-pass filter.Utilize two operational amplifier A DA4841-2 to build Hi-pass filter and low-pass filter respectively, then the two series connection is obtained bandpass filter.
See accompanying drawing 5, the single channel signal exported by bandpass filtering 4, through AD8131ARM chip translation difference subchannel signal, sends rear end variable gain amplifier to.AD8131 be a difference of Ya De promise semiconductor (ADI) company or single ended input to difference output driving device, just can obtain fixed gain 2 without the need to outer member.
See accompanying drawing 6, give the particular circuit configurations that a variable gain amplifier adopts the indefiniteness of chip AD8330ACP.AD8330 is a DC to the 150MHz wide bandwidth variable gain amplifier of Ya De promise semiconductor (ADI) company, is applicable to requiring the application of fully differential signal path, low noise, explication gain and appropriate low distortion.The basic gain function of this chip is linear dB, executes alive control by pin VDBS.Gain margin is 0dB to 50dB, and corresponding control voltage is 0V to 1.5V, and slope is 30mV/dB.
In the embodiment of the present invention, A/D converter 6 adopts inner 16 sigma-deltaADC of microcontroller 1.Under single, the switching rate of A/D converter, up to 50ksps, supports single channel signal input and differential signal input pattern.The data that A/D converter 6 gathers can be stored automatically in microcontroller 1 internal buffer, reduce system operation time.
See accompanying drawing 7, give the particular circuit configurations of the indefiniteness of D/A converter 9.D/A converter 9 adopts the chip DAC8562SDGSR of Texas Instrument (TI) company.DAC8562 has 16 of 2.5V, 4ppm/ ° of C benchmark, the DAC that exports of two-way, low-power consumption, the interference of ultralow short-time pulse waveform, buffer voltagc.DAC8562 chip is communicated by standard SPI interface with microcontroller 1.The analog voltage output port (VoutA and VoutB) that DAC8562 has two-way separate; Wherein road analog voltage output port (VoutB) is connected with motor-drive circuit 7, exports analog voltage after motor-drive circuit 7 power amplification, controls direct current generator 22 rotary rpm; Other road analog voltage output port (VoutA) is connected with variable gain amplifier 5, exports analog voltage and controls variable gain amplifier 5 enlargement factor.
See accompanying drawing 8, give the particular circuit configurations of the indefiniteness of motor-drive circuit 7.Motor-drive circuit 7 adopts the chip OPA567 of Texas Instrument (TI) company.OPA567 is rail-to-rail power amplifier, and maximum output current is 2A.Motor-drive circuit 7 output voltage control direct current generator 22 rotates.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the DCmotorREF16mm of Maxon company selected by direct current generator 22, and this motor has rare metal brush CLL2Watt, and rated voltage is 3.0V, and rated speed is 4730r/min; The planetary gear reducer casing GPF16mm of Maxon company selected by gear case 24, and reduction gear ratio is 57/13; The M type 256 line 2/3 passage model of Maxon company selected by MR scrambler 23; The blade number of still and moving plate is all 6.
Suppose that DC motor speed N is rated speed 4730r/min, according to gearbox speed reduction ratio and blade characteristic, the frequency of current signal on still in blade
f=6*4730/(57/13)/60=107.8772Hz
Wherein gearbox speed reduction ratio is 57/13, and blade characteristic (or blade number) is 6, and gearbox speed reduction ratio and blade characteristic are determined when selecting gear case and blade.
The voltage signal that then in blade, on still, current signal exports after current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit, bandpass filtering, variable gain amplifier is:
Wherein
for permittivity of vacuum;
for electric field intensity to be measured;
with
be respectively the interior external radius of moving plate;
for the conversion coefficient of current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit;
for the enlargement factor of voltage signal;
ffor the frequency of current signal on still;
for signal phase angle.
According to signal frequency
f, digital filtering or digital phase-sensitive demodulation (DPSD) process are carried out to image data, obtain signal amplitude:
Formate field intensity size:
In the embodiment of the present invention, receiver 8 adopts chip AM26LV32IDR.AM26LV32IDR chip receives MR scrambler 23 and outputs signal and change into RS422 interface, communicates with microcontroller 1.
In the embodiment of the present invention, memory module 11 adopts SD card.SD card memory capacity is large, is convenient to the storage of data and the reading of data.
In the embodiment of the present invention, communication module 10 comprises RS232, RS485 and wireless communication module.Wireless communication module adopts GPRS module, and can realize the on-line checkingi of measurement mechanism, measurement data can send rear end supervisory system to by GPRS module.Measurement mechanism also can pass through RS485 or RS232 interface and other devices communicatings.
Claims (8)
1. total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism, is characterized in that: comprise microcontroller (1), field mill sensor (2), current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit (3), bandpass filtering (4), variable gain amplifier (5), A/D converter (6), motor-drive circuit (7), receiver (8), D/A converter (9) and memory module (11); Wherein, described field mill sensor (2) comprises the blade (21), direct current generator (22), MR scrambler (23) and the gear case (24) that are made up of still and moving plate;
Microcontroller (1) controls D/A converter (9) according to rotating speed deviation and exports the separate analog voltage signal of at least two-way, wherein road analog voltage signal input motor-drive circuit (7), after motor-drive circuit (7) power amplification, control the rotating speed of direct current generator (22), direct current generator (22) drive gear casing (24) operates, and the moving plate in gear case (24) driven vane (21) rotates; Another road analog voltage signal input variable gain amplifier (5), controls the enlargement factor of variable gain amplifier (5);
The tach signal of direct current generator (22) measured by MR scrambler (23), and sending the tach signal of direct current generator (22) to receiver (8), receiver (8) is communicated with microcontroller (1) by RS232 interface;
Current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit (3) converts the current signal on still in blade (21) to voltage signal, then sends bandpass filtering (4) to; Voltage signal is eliminated after undesired signal through bandpass filtering (4), sends variable gain amplifier (5) to; The voltage signal eliminating undesired signal, after variable gain amplifier (5) signal amplifies, sends A/D converter (6) to; A/D converter (6) sampled voltage signal, and send the numerical value of collection to microcontroller (1);
Microcontroller (1) is connected with memory module (11).
2. total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise the communication module (10) be connected with described microcontroller (1).
3. total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described communication module (10) comprises RS232 module, RS485 module and wireless communication module.
4. total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described storage module (11) adopts SD card.
5. total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described A/D converter (6) adopts independent A/D conversion chip or the inner A/D modular converter of microcontroller (1).
6. total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described D/A converter (9) adopts independent D/A conversion chip or the inner D/A modular converter of microcontroller (1).
7. utilize device described in claim 1 to carry out the measuring method of total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement, comprise the steps:
(a) setting direct current generator (22) rotating speed N and maximum (top) speed deviation N
0;
B () setting D/A converter (9) export initial value;
C () motor-drive circuit (7) drives direct current generator (22) to rotate, until stabilization of speed;
D motor speed n measured by () MR scrambler (23);
E () judges | whether n-N| is less than N
0; If | n-N| is more than or equal to N
0, according to rotating speed deviation | n-N| adjusts the analog voltage that D/A converter (9) exports, and forwards step (c) to; If | n-N| is less than N
0, forward step (f) to;
F () measures current signal on the middle still of blade (21), and convert voltage signal to by current signal voltage of transformation signal circuit (3), eliminates undesired signal through bandpass filtering (4);
G analog voltage that () exports according to amplitude size change D/A converter (9) of voltage signal, and then adjustment variable gain amplifier (5) enlargement factor;
H () voltage signal amplifies through variable gain amplifier (5), A/D converter (6) sampled voltage signal, and sends the data of collection to microcontroller (1);
I (), according to direct current generator (22) rotating speed N, gear case (24) reduction gear ratio and blade (21) characteristic, asks for the frequency f of current signal on still in blade (21);
J (), according to signal frequency f, is carried out digital filtering or digital phase-sensitive demodulation process to image data, is obtained signal amplitude;
K () calculates formate field intensity size;
L each data are stored into memory module (11) by ().
8. carry out the measuring method of total electric field intensity of ultra-high voltage direct current power transmission line measurement according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: also comprise and transfer data to external unit by communication module (10).
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| CN104166419B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-01-18 | 江苏天瑞仪器股份有限公司 | Controllable high-voltage direct current power supply |
| CN106872793A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of direct current formate field intensity based on wireless telecommunications, ion current density synchronized measurement system |
| CN105467225A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-06 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Induction-type lightning early warning device and method |
| CN107807285A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-16 | 马清 | Grind electric field instrument in a kind of field |
| CN111811570A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-10-23 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for multi-channel all-weather measurement of synthesized field intensity of direct-current transmission line |
| CN112305327B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2023-01-31 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Field grinding type airspace electric field sensor device and electric field measuring method |
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Inventor after: Wang Guochun Inventor after: Luo Hanwu Inventor after: Yang Fan Inventor after: Wang Xiaoyu Inventor after: Zhang Li Inventor after: Liu Zehui Inventor after: He Wei Inventor before: Yang Fan Inventor before: Wang Xiaoyu Inventor before: Zhang Li Inventor before: Liu Zehui Inventor before: He Wei |
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