CN103308251B - A kind of eliminate inverse load phenomenon method, device and application thereof - Google Patents

A kind of eliminate inverse load phenomenon method, device and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103308251B
CN103308251B CN201310172554.5A CN201310172554A CN103308251B CN 103308251 B CN103308251 B CN 103308251B CN 201310172554 A CN201310172554 A CN 201310172554A CN 103308251 B CN103308251 B CN 103308251B
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China
Prior art keywords
clamp
hanging bar
bar
load phenomenon
counterweight
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201310172554.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103308251A (en
Inventor
张学成
王海军
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

Eliminate the method for inverse load phenomenon, device and application thereof and belong to a Force measure technical field, object is the problem solving the wasting of resources in prior art, eliminates the inverse load phenomenon existed in Force measure process.This device comprises hanging bar and clamp device, described hanging bar is made up of the rod member of at least two hinges, described hanging bar hangs on described carrier bar by a loose joint hinge, described clamp device is positioned at the below of last hinge of described hanging bar, implements clamping before changing counterweight by described clamp device to hanging bar; The method comprises the following steps: comprise the following steps based on the method for a kind of elimination eliminating the device of inverse load phenomenon against load phenomenon: clamping hanging bar, exchange counterweight, unclamp hanging bar, start metering.The present invention hung bar by gripping means grips before carrying out Weight change, realized exchanging in counterweight process the object eliminating inverse load phenomenon, reduced counterweight quantity, saving resource.

Description

A kind of eliminate inverse load phenomenon method, device and application thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to Force measure technical field, be specifically related to a kind of eliminate inverse load phenomenon method, device and application thereof.
Background technology
Utilizing counterweight imposed load or counterweight is being amplified in the load mode of after-applied load, adopt Weight change method, use 100N, 200N two pieces of gravity counterweights, power load is applied to test specimen, then can obtain 100N, 200N, (100+200) N tri-grades of load.Wherein 200N load needs first to be taken off by the 100N counterweight applied, and then put the counterweight of 200N.First the power acted in this journey on test specimen be reduced to 0, and then be increased to 200N, and in this process adding load, the phenomenon that the power on test specimen reduces i.e. so-called " inverse load ".This phenomenon is unallowed in many occasions, as in Force measure application, metric results can be caused to there is certain inaccuracy against load phenomenon.Because this is not resolved against load problem, so utilizing counterweight imposed load or Weight gravity amplified in the load mode of after-applied load, all adopt and load without exchanging counterweight, the method that needs increase counterweight quantity reaches the object increasing force value scope, this kind of method counterweight quantity demand is many, can cause the waste of resource.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of eliminate inverse load phenomenon method, device and application thereof, solve the problem that prior art exists the wasting of resources, eliminate the inverse load phenomenon existed in Force measure process.
For achieving the above object, a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon of the present invention comprises hanging bar and clamp device, described hanging bar is made up of the rod member of at least two hinges, described hanging bar hangs on described carrier bar by a loose joint hinge, by described clamp device, clamping is implemented to hanging bar before exchanging counterweight, two hinges are had at least above described clamp device, and near last hinge of top, after hanging bar described in described gripping means grips, the applying of counterweight or unload with the hanging bar of upper part, potent influence is not had to clamp device.
Described hinge is spherical hinge or Hooke's hinge.
Described clamp device is fixed in frame, and described hanging bar bottom is provided with pallet, adds release mechanism be placed on the pallet of hanging bar by gravity counterweight by described counterweight, or takes off from hanging lever bracket dish.
Described clamp device comprises motor, leading screw, nut A, nut B, slide block A, slide block B, clamp A, clamp B, line slideway and guide rail fixed plate, the slide rail of described line slideway is fixed by screws in described guide rail fixed plate, slide block A on slide rail is positioned on the left of slide rail and is connected by screw with clamp A, slide block B on slide rail is positioned on the right side of slide rail and is connected by screw with clamp B, described nut A coordinates with the left side of described leading screw and forms screw pair, described nut B coordinates with the right side of described leading screw and forms screw pair, the lead of described two pairs of screw pairs is identical with head number, but rotation direction is contrary, described clamp A is fixed on described nut A, described clamp B is fixed on described nut B, rotated by described driven by motor leading screw, and then drive nut A and nut B to move, realize the move toward one another of clamp A and clamp B, the end that described clamp A is relative with described clamp B all has V-type groove, described clamp A and described clamp B are coordinated with described hanging bar by described V-type groove realizing hanging in the tight process of bar cramp.
Described driven by motor leading screw rotates and is specially: motor drives leading screw to rotate by V belt translation or drives leading screw to rotate by shaft coupling.
Comprise the following steps based on the method for a kind of elimination eliminating the device of inverse load phenomenon against load phenomenon:
Step one: hang bar by gripping means grips;
Step 2: exchange counterweight;
Step 3: clamp device unclamps hanging bar;
Step 4: start metering after monolithic stability.
A kind of another kind eliminating the device of inverse load phenomenon is applied as the application on Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine, carrier bar is born by the lever crossbeam of Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine, and clamp device should more than 50 times of Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine main frame rigidity in clamping force vertical direction and frame contact stiffness.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: compared with prior art, of the present invention a kind of eliminate inverse load phenomenon method, device and application thereof, utilizing counterweight imposed load or Weight gravity is being amplified in the load mode application of after-applied load, hanging bar to apply or before unloading gravity counterweight, first enabling clamp device, will to hang bar cramp tight, make to act on subsequently the acting force hung on the downside of clamped position on bar, to be passed in frame by clamp system, and it is constant to hang the acting force that bar upper portion acts on carrier bar; Therefore, when carrying out Weight change under this gripping means grips power effect, there will not be and add the inverse load phenomenon that in loading, test specimen institute stress value reduces or in unloaded process, test specimen institute stress value increases, reach the object eliminating inverse load phenomenon, and reduce counterweight quantity, saving resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of fundamental diagram eliminating the device of inverse load phenomenon of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the clamp device structural drawing in a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of the clamp device in a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the clamp device wiring layout in a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of process flow diagram eliminating the method for inverse load phenomenon of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is clamp device of the present invention and the schematic diagram hung when stick force value active line does not overlap;
Fig. 7 is the clamping mechanical model of the clamp device in a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is force value output wave cardon of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the application principle figure of the present invention on Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine;
Wherein: 1, hang bar, 2, motor, 3, leading screw, 4, nut A, 5, nut B, 6, slide block A, 7, slide block B, 8, clamp A, 9, clamp B, 10, line slideway, 11, guide rail fixed plate, 12, carrier bar, 13, frame, 14, gravity counterweight, 15, pallet, 16, counterweight adds release mechanism, and 17, lever crossbeam.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described further.
See accompanying drawing 1, a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon of the present invention comprises hanging bar 1 and clamp device, described hanging bar 1 is made up of the rod member of at least two hinges, described hinge can be spherical hinge, also can be Hooke's hinge, described hanging bar 1 hangs on described carrier bar 12 by a described loose joint hinge, and described clamp device is positioned at the below of last hinge of described hanging bar 1, implements clamping before changing counterweight by described clamp device to hanging bar 1.
Described clamp device is fixed in frame 13, and described hanging bar 1 bottom is provided with pallet 15, adds release mechanism 16 and is placed on the pallet 15 of hanging bar 1 by gravity counterweight 14, or take off from pallet 15 by described counterweight.
See accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, described clamp device comprises motor 2, leading screw 3, nut A4, nut B5, slide block A6, slide block B 7, clamp A8, clamp B9, line slideway 10 and guide rail fixed plate 11, the slide rail of described line slideway 10 is fixed by screws in described guide rail fixed plate 11, slide block A6 on slide rail is positioned on the left of slide rail and is connected by screw with clamp A8, slide block B 7 on slide rail is positioned on the right side of slide rail and is connected by screw with clamp B9, described nut A4 coordinates with the left side of described leading screw 3 that to form worm drive secondary, described nut B5 coordinates with the right side of described leading screw 3 that to form worm drive secondary, the lead of described two pairs of worm drive pairs is identical with head number, but rotation direction is contrary, described clamp A8 is fixed on described nut A4, described clamp B9 is fixed on described nut B5, leading screw 3 is driven to rotate by described motor 2, and then drive nut A4 and nut B5 to move, realize the move toward one another of clamp A8 and clamp B9, the end that described clamp A8 is relative with described clamp B9 has V-type groove, described clamp A8 and described clamp B9 are coordinated with described hanging bar 1 by described V-type groove realizing hanging in process that bar 1 clamps.
Described motor 2 drives leading screw 3 to rotate to be specially motor 2 and drives leading screw 3 to rotate or by shaft coupling driven rotary by V belt translation.
See accompanying drawing 5, comprise following performing step based on a kind of elimination eliminating the device of inverse load phenomenon against the method for load phenomenon:
Step one: by gripping means grips hanging bar 1;
Step 2: exchange counterweight;
Step 3: clamp device unclamps hanging bar 1;
Step 4: start metering after monolithic stability.
See accompanying drawing 6, for reducing error, hanging bar 1 is made into the rod member that two sections of hinged bars are formed, and clamp device is arranged at the downside of epimere bar lower end hinge.The acting force that hanging bar 1 is subject to is considered as plane force system.If clamp device slide block chuck centering position does not overlap with hanging bar 1 force value active line, its angle is θ, with epimere hanging bar 1 for analytic target, omits hinge friction, has following formula to set up according to Interval static analysis:
Tsinθ=N（1）
Tcosθ=W（2）
Wherein T is the axial force that hanging bar 1 is subject to, and W is the acting force acting on hanging bar 1 hypomere, and N is the clamping force that clamp device applies hanging bar 1.
Still be W according to the known acting force acting on upper end hinge of the force analysis of rod member in vertical direction, namely because clamp device makes hanging bar 1 disalignment, lever loading device output action power size and Orientation can not be affected.
Keep one in order to ensure fixture block and hanging bar 1, the directed varying forces obviously acted on hanging bar 1 should be less than the friction force produced due to clamping.The size of required clamping force N can be calculated accordingly when known friction factor.Obvious, clamping force only need ensure when changing power, and hanging bar 1 keeps one with clamp device, and without the need to larger clamping force.
For lever loading device, acting force suffered by component only has impact in vertical direction to machine output action power, and after therefore only considering gripping means grips hanging bar 1, power is applied in fixed rack and frame 13, and their distortion is on the impact of machine power output.If they are all linear elasticity components, be reduced to spring together with member contact interface, clamping section virial model simplification is see accompanying drawing 7.Wherein
N 1, N 2the clamping normal pressure that clamp device provides;
F 1, F 2clamping normal pressure lower fixture is to the friction force of hanging bar;
K 1, k 2for the elasticity coefficient of clamp device and servicing unit overall simplification thereof;
Q 1, Q 2for clamp device acts on the support reaction in frame 13;
μ, chuck clamps the friction factor at position with hanging.
Obviously, after gripping means grips, when acting on the acting force change on hanging bar 1, due to spring k 1, k 2reason, hanging bar 1 can vertical direction produce displacement, be set to △ y, its size meets following relation:
(k 1+k 2)·△y=W（3）
Δy = W k 1 + k 2 - - - ( 4 )
Wherein W is the force value change on hanging bar 1.
Appearance due to △ y will inevitably cause the imbalance of lever, causes force value output pulsation.See accompanying drawing 8, suppose lever output loads end due to the displacement that elastic deformation causes be △ y 1, lever long arm end length is L, and lever short arm end length is l, and output terminal load carrier and test specimen etc. are reduced to linear elasticity element, and rigidity is k 3, output loads P is changed to △ P, then have:
△P=k 3·△y 1（5）
Again because:
Δ y 1 = l L · Δy - - - ( 6 )
Thus:
ΔP = k 3 · Δ y 1 = k 3 · l L · Δy = k 3 · l L · W k 1 + k 2 - - - ( 7 )
If set when level load is as Pn, the Weight gravity of its correspondence is W 1, then relatively change
δ = ΔP P n = k 3 · l L · W k 1 + k 2 W 1 · l L = k 3 k 1 + k 2 · W W 1 - - - ( 8 )
After above known horizontal sliding clamping of deriving, carry out the force value fluctuation that Weight change causes relevant with system stiffness with the gravity of exchange counterweight.The rigidity of clamp device fixed rack and frame 13 is better, when the Weight gravity value that level force value is corresponding is larger, lever system output force value section stiffness is less, the fluctuation of Weight gravity change less then force value is less.Consider most extreme case, W=W 1, then have:
δ max = k 3 k 1 + k 2 - - - ( 9 )
Namely the ratio of both sides rigidity is depended in force value fluctuation.Obviously there is the fixed bearing rigidity of clamp device to be greater than as far as possible and load output rigidity.
See 9, these apparatus and method are applied on Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine, and the carrier bar 12 in the present invention is born by the lever crossbeam of Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine.

Claims (7)

1. eliminate the device of inverse load phenomenon for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise hanging bar (1) and clamp device, described hanging bar (1) is made up of the rod member of at least two hinges, described hanging bar (1) hangs on described carrier bar (12) by a loose joint hinge, by described clamp device, clamping is implemented to hanging bar (1) before exchanging counterweight, two hinges are had at least above described clamp device, and near last hinge of top, after hanging bar (1) described in described gripping means grips, the applying of counterweight or unload with the hanging bar of upper part, potent influence is not had to clamp device.
2. a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described clamp device is fixed in frame (13), described hanging bar (1) bottom is provided with pallet (15), add release mechanism (16) by counterweight gravity counterweight (14) is placed on the pallet (15) of hanging bar (1), or take off from pallet (15).
3. a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described clamp device comprises motor (2), leading screw (3), nut A (4), nut B (5), slide block A (6), slide block B (7), clamp A (8), clamp B (9), line slideway (10) and guide rail fixed plate (11), the slide rail of described line slideway (10) is fixed by screws in described guide rail fixed plate (11), slide block A (6) on slide rail is positioned on the left of slide rail and is connected by screw with clamp A (8), slide block B (7) on slide rail is positioned on the right side of slide rail and is connected by screw with clamp B (9), described nut A (4) coordinates with the left side of described leading screw (3) that to form worm drive secondary, described nut B (5) coordinates with the right side of described leading screw (3) that to form worm drive secondary, the lead of described two pairs of worm drive pairs is identical with head number, but rotation direction is contrary, described clamp A (8) is fixed on described nut A (4), described clamp B (9) is fixed on described nut B (5), leading screw (3) is driven to rotate by described motor (2), and then drive nut A (4) and nut B (5) motion, realize the move toward one another of clamp A (8) and clamp B (9), described clamp A (8) end relative with described clamp B (9) has V-type groove, described clamp A (8) and described clamp B (9) are hung V-type groove described in bar (1) process and are coordinated with described hanging bar (1) clamping.
4. a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described motor (2) drives leading screw (3) rotation to be specially motor (2) and drives leading screw (3) to rotate by V belt translation or pass through shaft coupling driven rotary.
5. a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hinge is spherical hinge or Hooke's hinge.
6. based on a kind of elimination eliminating the device of inverse load phenomenon according to claim 1 against the method for load phenomenon, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one: hang bar (1) by gripping means grips;
Step 2: exchange counterweight;
Step 3: clamp device unclamps hanging bar (1);
Step 4: start metering after monolithic stability.
7. a kind of device eliminating inverse load phenomenon according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this a kind of another kind eliminating the device of inverse load phenomenon is applied as the application on Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine, carrier bar (12) is born by the lever crossbeam (17) of Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine, and clamp device is greater than Lever-type Standard Force Measuring Machine main frame rigidity in clamping force vertical direction and frame (13) contact stiffness.
CN201310172554.5A 2013-05-10 2013-05-10 A kind of eliminate inverse load phenomenon method, device and application thereof Expired - Fee Related CN103308251B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN103308251B true CN103308251B (en) 2016-02-10

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2094732U (en) * 1991-07-31 1992-01-29 黑龙江省粮食科学研究所 High precision powder material quantitive weighting device
CN102156022A (en) * 2011-05-23 2011-08-17 重庆大学 Stress sensor calibration system
CN202141638U (en) * 2011-07-14 2012-02-08 上海尚材试验机有限公司 Test force loading device for Brinell, Rockwell and Vickers hardness testers
CN102879262A (en) * 2012-09-11 2013-01-16 吉林大学 Flat-throw type electric chuck

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009096451A (en) * 2007-09-27 2009-05-07 Honda Motor Co Ltd Device for adjusting strength of vehicle body for vehicle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2094732U (en) * 1991-07-31 1992-01-29 黑龙江省粮食科学研究所 High precision powder material quantitive weighting device
CN102156022A (en) * 2011-05-23 2011-08-17 重庆大学 Stress sensor calibration system
CN202141638U (en) * 2011-07-14 2012-02-08 上海尚材试验机有限公司 Test force loading device for Brinell, Rockwell and Vickers hardness testers
CN102879262A (en) * 2012-09-11 2013-01-16 吉林大学 Flat-throw type electric chuck

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