CN103300025A - Composition and method for controlling root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds - Google Patents
Composition and method for controlling root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition and a method for controlling root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds in the technical field of pesticides. The composition comprises a metam-sodium preparation and a 1, 3-dichloropropene preparation. When the composition is used, deep tillage is firstly performed on soil, then the metam-sodium preparation and the 1, 3-dichloropropene preparation are mixed according to a certain proportion and then injected into the soil or applied into the soil through a drip irrigation system, the two medicaments can also be successively applied, a reverse burying method is finally adopted for film-covering fumigation for 2-4 weeks, then opening to the air is performed for 3-12 days, and the composition can be planted after a seed germination test of a crop to be cultivated qualitatively judges that no medicament residues exist. The composition is suitable for soil disinfection before planting of crop fields, such as vegetables, strawberries, flowers, melons, nurseries, orchards, tea gardens, vineyards, forests, Chinese herbal medicines and the like, and can effectively control meloidogyne incognita, main soil-borne pathogenic fungi and main grass and broadleaf weeds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, be specifically related to a kind of compoistion and method of use of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds.
Background technology
Over past ten years, along with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, protect the ground cultivation to have in China and develop by leaps and bounds.Protection ground, whole nation area is above 2,000,000 hectares.And the cultivation of protection ground is increased farmers' income as one in China; by the important agricultural measures of traditional farming to the modern agriculture transformation; to continue development in future, the crop of cultivation also will be developed to directions such as flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicines by current vegetables, strawberry.The development on protection ground; also for the generations of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds, development provide adapt circumstance, plant 3～5 years usually after, the yield and quality of crop is seriously influenced; the general underproduction 20～40%, the serious underproduction is 60% or more even have no harvest.Along with the continuation development on protection ground and the cultivation year after year of high added value crop, the problem of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds will be more and more outstanding, and will become the key factor of serious restriction protection ground development.According to the inventor in Shandong, ground investigation such as Jiangsu, Liaoning, Hebei, Zhejiang, Henan, the harm of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds has become the outstanding problem in the cultivation of protection ground.Because no effectively preventing method, the ground peasant uses the medicament (as Aldicarb, carbofuran, thimet etc.) of country's forbidding to prevent and treat root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds etc., serious harm people's life and health in a large number in Shandong etc.Because protection ground investment is big, some processing times are long, need longer crop rotation time method to be difficult to carry out in the greenhouse, also are difficult to be accepted by the peasant.And the soil chemistry disinfection technology becomes one of one preferred technique of current protection ground agriculture plant protection just day by day before planting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to easily take root in the economic crops such as present flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicine tie lines worm, soil-borne disease and weeds, and the problem that is difficult to eradicate, a kind of composition of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds is proposed.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of using method of preventing and treating the composition of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds.
A kind of composition of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, said composition is made up of metham-sodium preparation and 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation.
The metham-sodium aqua that described metham-sodium preparation is mass fraction 42% or 35%.
Described 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation is 1 of mass fraction 93.6% or 95%, 3-dichloropropylene missible oil.
Described 1, the composition of 3-dichloropropylene missible oil is: 1,3-dichloropropylene and polysorbas20.
A kind of control root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and method for weed, carry out according to following steps:
(1) at first soil is ploughed deeply 25-35cm;
(2) then the metham-sodium preparation is pressed active ingredient 20-30g/m
2With 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation active ingredient 5-15g/m
2Be injected into soil after the mixing, the injection degree of depth is 20-30cm; Or be applied in the soil by drip irrigation system; Two kinds of medicaments are injected respectively or by the dropper systemic application to soil;
(3) last, adopt the anti-method overlay film that buries after stifling 2～4 weeks, spacious gas 3-12 days, after treating that the no medicament of raise crop seed germination test qualitative judgement is residual, can plant.
The active ingredient of described metham-sodium preparation is metham-sodium, and is described 1, and the active ingredient of 3-dichloropropylene preparation is 1,3-dichloropropylene.
Described crop is vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery or Chinese herbal medicine.
Described vegetables are asparagus lettuce or cucumber; Flowers are tulip; Chinese herbal medicine is the root of Dahurain angelica.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: composition of the present invention is to Meloidogyne incognita, reaping hook belongs to fungi, the Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds (as piemarker etc.) and grassy weed (as lady's-grass etc.) all have obvious synergistic effect, use conveniently, to crop safety, simultaneously, two kinds of medicaments all do not have residual in soil, to crop safety, composition for preventing and controlling Meloidogyne incognita of the present invention, reaping hook belongs to fungi, the Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds and grassy weed effect excellence, and use cost is well below soil fumigant Celfume commonly used etc., and need not look like to use the special heating vaporising devices of employing such as Celfume, therefore save a large amount of the expenditure; Chemical fumigant is generally high malicious chemicals, and one of composition of the present invention metham-sodium low toxicity plays a role by producing methyl-isorhodanate (MITC), another composition 1, and the 3-dichloropropylene is poisoned, and the two all takes soil application in addition, therefore to the person poultry safety.Composition of the present invention is applicable to that Meloidogyne incognita, the reaping hook on the crops such as control vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, Chinese herbal medicine, nursery, orchard, tea place, forest belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds and grassy weed etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 handles Fusarium effect comparison diagram for each.
Fig. 2 handles piemarker effect comparison diagram for each.
Fig. 3 handles lady's-grass effect comparison diagram for each.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The reagent that present embodiment adopts is:
93.6%1,3-dichloropropylene (The Dow Agrosciences, LLC.), abbreviation: 1,3-D;
42% metham-sodium aqua (ShenYang, Liaoning Province good harvest agricultural chemicals Co., Ltd), abbreviation: MS.
For the examination soil sample be:
Soil sample is picked up from Shunyi, Beijing cucumber ground of uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, and nematode and disease take place seriously throughout the year, and after getting topsoil and crossing the 2mm sieve, mixing is standby.By analysis, soil moisture content (water: dry ground) be 23.80%, pH6.87, soil organic matter content 32.0g/kg, NH
4+-N3.2mg/kg, NO
3--N53.6mg/kg, available phosphorus 578.0mg/kg, available potassium 1069.0mg/kg belongs to sandy loam.
Evaluation index and method are:
Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne incognita. adopts centrifugal process;
Fusarium Fusarium spp. adopts the Komada method to separate;
Phytophthora belongs to Phytophthora spp., adopts the Masago method to separate;
Piemarker Abutilon theophrasti adopts the vernier caliper measurement bud long;
Lady's-grass Digitaria sanguinalis adopts the vernier caliper measurement bud long.
Test method
1, dose setting
By metham-sodium (active ingredient) and two concentration for the treatment of 40mg/kg of soil quality ratio design and 20mg/kg (the corresponding product quality is 47.22uL/600g, 23.61uL/600g, and 42% metham-sodium aqua density is 1.21g/mL);
By 1,3-D (active ingredient) and soil quality than two concentration for the treatment of 20mg/kg of design and 10mg/kg (the corresponding product volume is 10.50uL/600g, 5.25uL/600g, 93.6% 1,3-D missible oil density is 1.22g/mL)
Each handles as follows:
1)1,3-D 10mg/kg
2)1,3-D 20mg/kg
3)MS 20mg/kg
4)MS 40mg/kg
5)1,3-D+MS 10mg/kg+20mg/kg
6)1,3-D+MS 10mg/kg+40mg/kg
7)1,3-D+MS 20mg/kg+20mg/kg
8)1,3-D+MS 20mg/kg+40mg/kg
9)CK
2, process of the test
Take by weighing the ready soil sample of 600g, put into the 2.5L drier.Each handles program request respectively 10 in 15 in the lady's-grass seed of vernalization and piemarker seed, then 1,3-D and MS is accurately pipetted with liquid-transfering gun respectively.25 ℃ of down stifling 5d.The stifling spacious gas 1d in back that finishes separates nematode and soil-borne disease fungal pathogens then, and the bud of measuring lady's-grass, piemarker simultaneously is long.And space management is set, each is handled 3 times and repeats.
3, computational methods
Root-knot nematode survival rate and corrected mortality calculate with following formula:
Survival rate %=100 * survival nematode number/total the borer population of confession examination
Corrected mortality %=100 * (handling lethality-contrast lethality)/(1-contrasts lethality) pathogen inhibiting rate calculates with following formula:
Inhibiting rate %=100 * (check plot pathogen quantity-chemicals treatment district pathogen quantity)/check plot pathogen quantity
The weeds inhibiting rate calculates with following formula:
Inhibiting rate %=100 * (blank weeds bud length-chemicals treatment weeds bud is long)/blank weeds bud is long
According to Colby method (1966) formula calculate preventive effect and with the preventive effect of actual measurement relatively, easy, estimate the synergy effect of mixture effectively.Computing formula is:
E＝X
1×X
2...×X
n/100
(n-1)
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture; N is the quantity of using medicament with; X
1The 1st kind of preventive effect behind the medicament used in expression; x
2The 2nd kind of preventive effect behind the medicament medicament used in expression; x
nThe preventive effect behind the n kind medicament is used in expression.When the actual preventive effect of mixture during greater than theoretical preventive effect, expression synergy; When the actual preventive effect of mixture during less than theoretical preventive effect, the expression antagonism.
4, measurement result
Effect to root-knot nematode
Table 11,3-dichloropropylene+metham-sodium is used the effect to Meloidogyne incognita with
As can be seen from Table 1, four of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium kinds of different amounts are used with root-knot nematode have all been shown synergistic effect.The Meloidogyne incognita corrected mortality that four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are used with has all reached more than 89%, reaches more than 93% when 1,3-dichloropropylene and the high consumption of metham-sodium are used with, and it is obvious to use synergy with.
Effect to two kinds of main soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses
Table 21,3-dichloropropylene+metham-sodium is used the effect to two kinds of main soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses with
From table 2 and Fig. 1 as can be seen, four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are used with Fusarium and phytophthora belonged to and have all been shown synergistic effect.Four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are used with the Fusarium inhibiting rate are all reached more than 80%, and the inhibiting rate that phytophthora is belonged to all reaches more than 58%, and it is obvious to use synergy with.
Effect to two kinds of main weeds in field
Table 31,3-dichloropropylene+metham-sodium is used the effect to two kinds of main weeds in field with
By among table 3 and Fig. 2,3 as can be seen, four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are used with piemarker and lady's-grass have all been shown synergistic effect.Four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are used with and are all reached more than 97.70% to the piemarker inhibiting rate; When the lady's-grass inhibiting rate is all reached 70%, 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium high dose and uses with the lady's-grass inhibiting rate is reached 98.78%.More than both pharmacy mix of explanation all have fabulous inhibitory action to broad leaved weeds and grassy weed.
Embodiment 2
Before lettuce planting, at first soil is ploughed deeply 30cm, guarantee that simultaneously soil has certain humidity, then with mixed 35% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 25g/m
2Consumption) and 93.6% 1, the 3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 10g/m
2Consumption) evenly be injected in the soil, adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film after stifling 2 weeks at last, spacious gas 3 days, by the lactuca sativa seeds sprouting test qualitatively judge no medicament residual after, can plant.
Before green cucumber, at first soil is ploughed deeply 30cm, guarantee that simultaneously soil has certain humidity, then with mixed 42% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 20g/m
2Consumption) and 95% 1, the 3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 10g/m
2Consumption) evenly be applied in the soil by drip irrigation system, adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film after stifling 3 weeks at last, spacious gas 7 days, by the germination of cucumber seeds test qualitatively judge no medicament residual after, can plant.
Before tulip plantation, at first soil is ploughed deeply 35cm, guarantee that simultaneously soil has certain humidity, 35% metham-sodium aqua that then will be mixed (is pressed active ingredient 20g/m
2Consumption) and 93.6% 1, the 3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 5g/m
2Consumption) evenly be applied in the soil by drip irrigation system, adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film after stifling 4 weeks at last, spacious gas 10 days, by the test of tulip seed germination qualitatively judge no medicament residual after, can plant.
Before root of Dahurain angelica plantation, at first soil is ploughed deeply 25cm, guarantee that simultaneously soil has certain humidity, then with 95% 1, the 3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 10g/m
2Consumption) evenly be injected in the soil, afterwards with 42% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 35g/m
2Consumption) be administered in the soil by drip irrigation system, adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film after stifling 2 weeks at last, spacious gas 5 days, by the test of root of Dahurain angelica seed germination qualitatively judge no medicament residual after, can plant.
Embodiment 6
Before strawberry cultivating, at first soil is ploughed deeply 28cm, guarantee that simultaneously soil has certain humidity, then with mixed 35% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 30g/m
2Consumption) and 93.6% 1, the 3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 5g/m
2Consumption) be administered in the soil by drip irrigation system, adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film after stifling 3 weeks at last, spacious gas 10 days, by the test of strawberry seed germination qualitatively judge no medicament residual after, can plant.
Embodiment 7
Before tealeaves plantation, at first soil is ploughed deeply 35cm, guarantee that simultaneously soil has certain humidity, 42% metham-sodium aqua that then will be mixed (is pressed active ingredient 20g/m
2Consumption) and 95% 1, the 3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 15g/m
2Consumption) evenly be injected in the soil, adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film after stifling 3 weeks at last, spacious gas 10 days, by the test of tealeaves seed germination qualitatively judge no medicament residual after, can plant.
Claims (8)
1. a composition of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds is characterized in that, said composition is made up of metham-sodium preparation and 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation.
2. according to the composition of the described control of claim 1 root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, it is characterized in that the metham-sodium aqua that described metham-sodium preparation is mass fraction 42% or 35%.
3. according to the composition of the described control of claim 1 root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, it is characterized in that described 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation is 1 of mass fraction 93.6% or 95%, 3-dichloropropylene missible oil.
4. according to the composition of the described control of claim 1 root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, it is characterized in that described 1, the composition of 3-dichloropropylene missible oil is: 1,3-dichloropropylene and polysorbas20.
5. a control root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and method for weed is characterized in that, carry out according to following steps:
(1) at first soil is ploughed deeply 25-35cm;
(2) then the metham-sodium preparation is pressed active ingredient 20-30g/m
2With 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation active ingredient 5-15g/m
2Be injected into soil after the mixing, the injection degree of depth is 20-30cm; Or be applied in the soil by drip irrigation system; Two kinds of medicaments are injected respectively or by the dropper systemic application to soil;
(3) last, adopt the anti-method overlay film that buries after stifling 2～4 weeks, spacious gas 3-12 days, after treating that the no medicament of raise crop seed germination test qualitative judgement is residual, can plant.
6. according to the described a kind of control root-knot nematode of claim 5, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and method for weed, it is characterized in that the active ingredient of described metham-sodium preparation is metham-sodium, described 1, the active ingredient of 3-dichloropropylene preparation is 1,3-dichloropropylene.
7. according to the described a kind of control root-knot nematode of claim 5, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and method for weed, it is characterized in that described crop is vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery or Chinese herbal medicine.
8. according to the described a kind of control root-knot nematode of claim 6, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and method for weed, it is characterized in that described vegetables are asparagus lettuce or cucumber; Flowers are tulip; Chinese herbal medicine is the root of Dahurain angelica.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105494322A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-04-20 | 张�杰 | Pesticide-added fertilizer additive, compound penetrant and application of pesticide-added fertilizer additive and compound penetrant to pesticides and fertilizers |
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| CN104145666A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-11-19 | 河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of metham to prevention and cure of red spot disease of dioscorea opposita thunb |
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| CN105494322A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-04-20 | 张�杰 | Pesticide-added fertilizer additive, compound penetrant and application of pesticide-added fertilizer additive and compound penetrant to pesticides and fertilizers |
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