CN103282544A - Method of coating a part of a heat exchanger and heat exchanger - Google Patents
Method of coating a part of a heat exchanger and heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103282544A CN103282544A CN201180057339XA CN201180057339A CN103282544A CN 103282544 A CN103282544 A CN 103282544A CN 201180057339X A CN201180057339X A CN 201180057339XA CN 201180057339 A CN201180057339 A CN 201180057339A CN 103282544 A CN103282544 A CN 103282544A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- interchanger
- channel
- solution
- heat transfer
- treatment liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1603—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
- C23C18/1614—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas plating on one side
- C23C18/1616—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas plating on one side interior or inner surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1655—Process features
- C23C18/1664—Process features with additional means during the plating process
- C23C18/1669—Agitation, e.g. air introduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1675—Process conditions
- C23C18/1676—Heating of the solution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1827—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
- C23C18/1831—Use of metal, e.g. activation, sensitisation with noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/089—Coatings, claddings or bonding layers made from metals or metal alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by spirally-wound plates or laminae
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
A method of coating an internal surface of an assembled heat exchanger is provided. The heat exchanger (2) comprising a first passage for a first heat exchange fluid, and a second passage for a second heat exchange fluid. The first and second passages are separated by at least one heat transfer element. The heat transfer element has a first surface facing the first passage. The method comprises; pre-treating the first surface by circulating at least one pre-treatment liquid through the first passage of the heat exchanger (2) and a pre-treatment liquid storage (38) separate from the heat exchanger, and electroless nickel plating the first surface by circulating a solution comprising nickel ions through the first passage of the heat exchanger (2) and a solution container (40) separate from the heat exchanger (2). A heat exchanger comprising a nickel plating is also disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and the interchanger that comprises the surface with nickel plating that is coated with the internal surface of interchanger.
Background
Interchanger is used in heat exchange between two kinds of fluids.Usually, heat transfer equipment is useful on each the entrance and exit in two kinds of fluids.In interchanger, for each fluid provides a flow passage.Flow passage keeps separately by one or more heat transfer elements, by this heat transfer element make heat from a kind of fluid transfer to one other fluid.For example, in plate-type heat exchanger, form heat transfer element by heat transfer plate, and in votator, form heat transfer element by flight.
The fluid of different sorts and type can pass through interchanger.Some fluids are corrosive, for example, because contained particle in the fluid.Therefore, with these fluids between the usage period, the heat transfer element of interchanger is through frayed.In addition, fluid can be used for various purposes through interchanger.For example, in some interchanger, can make fluid boiling.Therefore, the heat transfer element of interchanger has different requirements, and this depends on the fluid that flows through interchanger and the purpose of interchanger.
Heat transfer element can be therefore by various material manufacturing, and described material is applicable to specific heat exchanger applications.In addition, heat transfer element can be coated with kinds of materials, and described coating material is applicable to specific heat exchanger applications.
US 6513581 discloses wherein by the electroless plating of not having the electricity board-like and votator of coating surface.By in electrolytic etching of metal matter solution, flooding the workpiece that comprises surface to be coated, form metal/phosphorus and metal/polymer layer.
WO 92/16310 discloses a kind of method of heat transfer plate that the plate-type heat exchanger of the layer with surface protection plastic material is provided.In the interchanger of assembling, the gaseous medium that will contain plastic material is introduced in the space between the heat transfer plate.The form that plastic material can mist or the form of evaporation are introduced.Plastic material is being deposited in the space on the heat transfer plate.
WO 96/06705 relates to the interchanger that soldering has the soldering of braze wilding material.The braze wilding material can not bear the heat exchanging fluid that contains ammonia.Therefore, the method for the brazed joint of the interchanger of protection soldering is disclosed in WO 96/06705.According to this method, protective coating diffuses to the brazed joint of the interchanger of assembling.According to this method, pour the coating material of the aqueous solution of fluid tin or Silver Nitrate into plate-type heat exchanger by four connectivity ports of plate-type heat exchanger, to fill plate-type heat exchanger fully.Allow coating material in plate-type heat exchanger, circulate, turn from interchanger subsequently.Tin or silver diffuse to the braze wilding joint.
General introduction
A purpose of embodiment provides a kind of method of heat transfer element of effective plating interchanger.
According to an aspect of the present invention, realize this purpose by a kind of method that is coated with the internal surface of interchanger.Interchanger comprises for the first channel of first heat exchanging fluid and is used for the second passage of second heat exchanging fluid.First and second passages are separated by at least one heat transfer element.Described heat transfer element has towards the first surface of first channel with towards the second surface of second passage.Described method comprises: cycle through the first channel of interchanger and the pre-treatment liquid reservoir of separating with interchanger by making at least a pre-treatment liquid, the pre-treatment first surface, with by making the solution circulated that comprises nickel ion by the first channel of interchanger and the solution container separated with interchanger, electroless nickel plating first surface.
Because pre-treatment liquid cycles through special-purpose reservoir and container respectively separately with the electroless-plating solution that comprises nickel ion, and the first channel that cycles through interchanger, in process reasonable and that control easily, with the nickel plating of first surface homogeneous.Pre-treatment liquid cycles through special-purpose reservoir and first channel and refers to that pre-treatment liquid will be applied to the relevant range of heat transfer element, so that first surface prepares to be used for electroless nickel plating.Electroless-plating solution cycles through solution that first channel and solution container refer to contain nickel ion along first surface/flow on first surface, and constantly is provided to first surface from the solution of solution container.This realizes being used for the advantageous conditions of electroless nickel plating.In addition, and compare by the nickel plating of the independent heat transfer element of dipping in different baths, the method for easy enforcement is provided.In addition, in the time of need working as the manufacturing interchanger by implementing nickel plating at the interchanger of assembling, can implement nickel plating as follow-up production stage.Therefore, nickel plating does not exist by production stage or the processing of heat transfer element destroys between production stage risk.In addition, use method of the present invention, can electroplate again with the interchanger of crossing.The result is to realize above-mentioned purpose.
Interchanger can for example be votator or plate-type heat exchanger.Interchanger can be the interchanger of assembling." interchanger of assembling " is interpreted as interchanger can comprise a plurality of heat transfer elements, and described element is placed in mode associated with each other, makes to form first and second passages, and can implement to conduct heat between two kinds of fluids.Just, after implementing electroless nickel plating, can connect the parts of interchanger that do not have heat transmission function or do not have the function of restriction first and second passages, frame parts for example, support arrangements etc.Heat transfer element can forever assemble, for example, and by soldering or welding.Pre-treatment and electroless nickel plating can be regarded the independent step of described method as.Before electroless nickel plating, implement pre-treatment.Pre-treatment can comprise cleaning first channel and/or rinsing first channel and/or activation first surface.Can implement activation, prepare to be used for electroless nickel plating further to make first surface.Pre-treatment liquid reservoir can comprise some containers, is a container for each pre-treatment liquid aptly.Pre-treatment liquid reservoir can have the function of intermediate reservoirs, is used at the different pre-treatment liquid of some containers.As under the situation of pre-treatment liquid, water can be supplied by water receptacle or by water source (for example water tap) at water.Electroless nickel plating will form nickel plating at first surface.Nickel plating can not expand in the first surface of heat transfer element, that is, and and in the nickel plating of the top of first surface.It is one of following that nickel plating on first surface can be, and for example nickel/phosphorus plating, nickel/polymkeric substance plating, nickel/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plating, nickel/diamond electroplating, nickel/boron are electroplated, nickel/silver is electroplated, nickel/gold plating or their combination.
Feature: the liquid reservoir of separating with interchanger and be interpreted as separating liquid reservoir and the container of placing with interchanger physically with solution container that interchanger is separated.Just, make at least a pre-treatment liquid cycle through the first channel of interchanger and the solution circulated that comprises nickel ion is not comprised when interchanger is immersed in pre-treatment liquid or the solution by the feature of the first channel of interchanger, the pre-treatment liquid that in first channel, takes place or solution mobile.In other words, under situation about interchanger not being immersed in pre-treatment liquid or the solution, circulate.Need at least one pump to realize circulation.Controlling System can be controlled at least one pump and valve, so that with one or more suitable flow velocitys, realizes pre-treatment liquid and the first channel and relevant reservoir and container of solution circulated by interchanger.
According to embodiment, by at least one pump that forms the part of conduit system, can realize the circulation of at least a pre-treatment liquid and the circulation of solution, described conduit system is configured at least a pre-treatment liquid and solution are sent to interchanger respectively.
According to embodiment, pre-treatment can comprise: make a kind of pre-treatment liquid that is water, solvent, acid or comprises the liquid form of solid particulate cycle through first channel.Can make water cycle pass through first channel, especially between other liquid/solution circulates in first channel.Therefore, water is with the previous used liquid of rinsing from first channel.Solvent can be the solvent of dissolved fat or grease.First surface can be cleaned or activate to acid.Solid particulate in the bag solids-laden fluid will form abrasive, and it can be used for making first surface to prepare to be used for electroless nickel plating.
According to embodiment, pre-treatment can comprise: make water cycle by first channel and water receptacle, or by guiding the water from the water source to pass through first channel, with by the liquid circulation that makes solvent or comprise solid particulate by first channel be used for the container of solvent or be used for containing the container of the liquid of solid particulate, the cleaning first surface.Adopt this mode, can clean first channel and first surface reaches some degree at least with water rinse, solvent or the liquid that contains solid particulate can clean first surface to further degree subsequently.As mentioned above, with solvent or after with the liquid cleaning that comprises solid particulate, can implement to use water rinse again.Rinsing and cleaning can be regarded the step of described method as.
According to embodiment, pre-treatment can comprise: activation step is used for activating first surface before electroless nickel plating: by making activated liquid cycle through first channel and being used for the container of activated liquid.Adopt this mode, before electroless nickel plating, first surface can be activated easily.
According to embodiment, the pump of the part by one or more formation conduit systems, can implement pre-treatment liquid circulation and solution circulated, described conduit system also comprises with releasable connection (releasable connection), pre-treatment liquid reservoir, the solution container of interchanger and is used for guiding pre-treatment liquid or solution is arranged by the valve of pump and interchanger.Adopt this mode, arrange by the pump that is set in first location and valve, pre-treatment liquid can at first cycle through first channel and pre-treatment liquid reservoir.Subsequently, valve is arranged can be set in different positions, so that electroless-plating solution cycles through first channel and solution container.Again, implement circulation by pump.When an interchanger during by nickel plating, it is removed from releasable connection, and treat that another interchanger of electroless nickel plating is connected with releasable connection, and repeat the circulation of pre-treatment liquid and electroless nickel plating solutions.Therefore, obtain to be used for the method effective and that implement easily that nickel plating is carried out on heat exchanging device surface.
According to embodiment, solution can be the aqueous solution that comprises nickel ion, chemical reducing agent and catalyzer.Solution can comprise at least a in phosphonium ion, boron ion, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particle or the diamond particles.Solution can comprise other additive, for example, is used for the pH of stabilizing solution or regulator solution.
According to embodiment, described method can comprise by heating unit heated solution in solution container.Adopt this mode, electroless nickel plating solutions can remain on a certain temperature or in a certain temperature interval, the electroless nickel plating process suits to implement under such temperature.
According to embodiment, described method can comprise by heating unit heat pre-treatment liquid in pre-treatment liquid reservoir.Adopt this mode, pre-treatment liquid can remain on a certain temperature or in a certain temperature interval, pre-treatment suits to implement under such temperature.
According to embodiment, described method can comprise by agitation elements stirred solution in solution container.Adopt this mode, in solution container, electroless nickel plating solutions can remain on uniform temperature and/or in uniform concentration.
According to embodiment, described method can comprise by agitation elements stir pre-treatment liquid in pre-treatment liquid reservoir.Adopt this mode, in pre-treatment liquid reservoir, pre-treatment liquid can remain on uniform temperature and/or in uniform concentration.
According to embodiment, described method can comprise: remove by making that liquid (removing liquid) cycles through the first channel of interchanger and this removes the container of liquid, remove old nickel layer from first surface, implement pre-treatment subsequently.Adopt this mode, described method can be used for electroplating the interchanger of using again with electroless nickel plating.
According to embodiment, interchanger can comprise the heat transfer element of at least two permanent engagement, and described first and second passages are separated by at least the first heat transfer element of the heat transfer element of two permanent engagement at least.Described method can suit to implement at the interchanger of the assembling with permanent engagement heat transfer element.
According to embodiment, interchanger can be votator, and at least one heat transfer element can be included in the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (spiral shaped sheet metal piece) that extends in the spiral in first plane, and extend perpendicular to the described first spiral-shaped tinsel spare on described first plane.
According to embodiment, described pre-treatment liquid circulation can comprise that pre-treatment liquid flows through first channel at least partially in main direction, described solution circulated can comprise that solution flows through first channel at least partially in main direction, and described main direction is substantially perpendicular to first plane and extends.Adopt this mode, be used for the liquid of described method and solution and can cross the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare rather than flow along the spiral that forms by the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare.Therefore, the comparable mobile distance along the spiral that forms by the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare of the mobile distance of the liquid by votator and solution is significantly shorter during being coated with.If compared with along the helicoidal flow that forms by the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare, flowing in main direction to allow during flow the inclusion concentration of liquid by votator and solution more even.Therefore can guarantee along the first spiral-shaped uniform coat-thickness of tinsel spare.Votator or the necessary specific adaptation of its part possibility flow to allow near first channel, to allow in main direction.
According to embodiment, in the plane that is arranged essentially parallel to first plane, the side place at the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare can close first channel by at least one closed portion (closing portion).Closed portion can provide a plurality of openings, makes pre-treatment liquid cycle period pre-treatment liquid flow through described opening, and flow of solution is by described opening during making solution circulated.A kind of votator can comprise such closed portion.Because opening is provided, also can flow through this votator at least partially in main direction, that is, cross the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare basically.
According to embodiment, described method can be included in coating internal surfaces sealed open afterwards.Adopt this mode, in use, the performance of votator can remain unaffected.
According to embodiment, described method can comprise the arrangement votator, and wherein in pre-treatment liquid cycle period with during solution circulated, extend with the substantial horizontal direction on first plane, and main direction is extended with the perpendicular direction.Adopt this mode, buoyancy can be used for allowing the gas (for example hydrogen) that produces during being coated with escape from first surface easily.
According to embodiment, described method can comprise makes the circulation of pre-treatment liquid and solution circulated by having the first channel of 5-40 mm width.Therefore, can provide the first channel of the nickel plating of votator, the heat exchanging liquid that described first channel is suitable for having abrasive character flows through.
According to embodiment, the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare can have the thickness of 2-4 mm.The first spiral-shaped tinsel spare can be made by carbon steel.
According to embodiment, interchanger can comprise second heat transfer element, described second heat transfer element comprises the second spiral-shaped tinsel spare, its with substantially concentric first plane of the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare in spiral in extend, wherein extend in the first channel of threaded stud (stud) between the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares, described threaded stud with 280-780 threaded stud/square metre density arrange.
According to embodiment, described method can provide nickel/boron coating or nickel/diamond coatings.Adopt this mode, the votator with first channel that the heat exchanging liquid that is suitable for having abrasive character flows through can be provided.
A purpose of embodiment provides a kind of interchanger, described interchanger comprises for the first channel of first heat exchanging fluid and is used for the second passage of second heat exchanging fluid, described first and second passages are separated by at least one heat transfer element, described heat transfer element has the first surface towards first channel, and described first surface has the nickel plating of using according to above-mentioned method aspect and embodiment.
According to embodiment, the heat transfer element of interchanger and another heat transfer element welding that has towards the first surface of first channel, described first channel at least partially in forming between heat transfer element and another heat transfer element.
According to the example embodiment, the heat transfer element of interchanger with have towards another heat transfer element soldering of the first surface of first channel, described first channel at least partially in forming between heat transfer element and another heat transfer element.
According to embodiment, interchanger can be votator, and at least one heat transfer element is included in the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare that extends in the spiral in first plane, and extend perpendicular to the described first spiral-shaped tinsel spare on described first plane.In the plane that is arranged essentially parallel to first plane, in a side of the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare, can close first channel by at least one closed portion.Closed portion can provide a plurality of openings, with described opening sealing.
When research appended claims and following detailed description, it is obvious that the further feature of embodiment and advantage will become.Do not departing under the scope of the invention that is limited by appended claims, those skilled in the art will recognize that different characteristics of the present invention is capable of being combined, to be created in those embodiments in addition described below.
The accompanying drawing summary
By following detailed description and accompanying drawing, can easily understand the each side of embodiment, comprise its concrete feature and advantage, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the votator according to embodiment,
Fig. 2 illustrates the cross section according to the plate-type heat exchanger of embodiment,
Fig. 3 explanation is used for the interchanger of assembling is carried out the embodiment of the system of electroless nickel plating,
The embodiment of the method for the internal surface of the interchanger of Figure 4 and 5 explanation coating assembling,
Fig. 6 illustrate container and two valves and
The cross section according to the part of the votator of embodiment is passed through in Fig. 7 and 8 explanations.
Describe in detail
With reference now to accompanying drawing, describes the present invention more fully, wherein show the example embodiment.Yet the present invention should not be construed as and is confined to embodiment shown in this article.The open feature of example embodiment is capable of being combined, understands easily as one skilled in the art of the present invention.From start to finish identical numbering refers to components identical.
For simplicity and/or clear, needn't describe well-known function or structure in detail.
Fig. 1 explanation is according to the votator 20 of embodiment.Votator 20 comprises the heat transfer element of two spiral-shaped tinsel spare 22,24 forms that weld together.Between spiral-shaped tinsel spare 22,24, be provided for the first channel 8 of first heat-transfer fluid and be used for the second passage (not shown) of second heat-transfer fluid.Each tinsel spare 22,24 has towards the first surface 12 of first channel 8 with towards the second surface (not shown) of second passage.The first surface 12 of each heat transfer element provides nickel plating, after assembling interchanger 20, it is applied to first surface 12.
Interchanger 20 provides entrance and exit pipe section 26 (illustrating two in 4 pipe sections).In use, guide to first and second passages by 26 two kinds of heat exchanging fluids of pipe section, and be guided out two kinds of heat exchanging fluids from first and second passages.
Shell (housing) 25 at votator 20 provides pipe section 26.Shell 25 comprises tubular center's part 27 and two lid 28 (one of them are shown in Fig. 1).Two spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24 are arranged in tubular center's part, and when using votator 20, cover 28 and are connected with tubular center part 27.
The cross section according to the part 21 of the votator of embodiment is passed through in Fig. 7 explanation.Part 21 can constitute the interchanger according to the assembling of above definition.Votator comprises first heat transfer element of first spiral-shaped tinsel spare 22 forms and second heat transfer element of second spiral-shaped tinsel spare 24 forms.Extend in the spiral in first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spare 22,24 each comfortable first plane 100.Extend perpendicular to the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24 on first plane 100.Between the first and second tinsel spares 22,24, be formed for the first channel 8 of first heat exchanging fluid and be used for the second passage 10 of second heat exchanging fluid.Main direction 102 is substantially perpendicular to first plane 100 and extends.
Each spiral-shaped tinsel spare 22,24 has towards the first surface 12 of first channel 8 with towards the second surface 14 of second passage.The first surface 12 of each heat transfer element provides nickel plating, after assembling spiral-shaped tinsel spare 22,24 it is applied to first surface 12.Nickel plating can for example be nickel/boron coating or nickel/diamond coatings.Adopt this mode, the first surface 12 of votator can bear the abrasive heat exchanging fluid, for example is derived from the slurry that mining is used.
Distance between the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24 can be 5-40 mm, that is, the width of first channel 8 can be 5-40 mm.First and/or the second spiral-shaped tinsel spare 22,24 can have the thickness of 2-6 mm.Threaded stud 103 extends in can the first channel 8 between at least one heat transfer element and second heat transfer element, that is, and and between the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24.Threaded stud 103 can 280-780 threaded stud/square metre density arrange.Threaded stud 103 also can extend in the second passage 10 between the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24.In Fig. 7, only part illustrates threaded stud 103, in Fig. 8, omits threaded stud.Yet in practice, threaded stud 103 can be arranged in whole first and second passages 8,10.
Fig. 8 explanation is according to the part 23 of the votator of embodiment.Part 23 can constitute the part according to the interchanger of the assembling of above definition.Votator is included in the first and second spiral- shaped tinsel spares 22,24 that extend in the spiral in first plane 100.Extend perpendicular to the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24 on first plane 100.Separate by the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24 for the first channel 8 of first heat exchanging fluid with for the second passage 20 of second heat exchanging fluid.The first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24 have the first surface 12 towards first channel 8.First surface 12 provides nickel plating.In the plane that is arranged essentially parallel to first plane 100, in a side of the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare, close first channel 8 by at least one closed portion 108.
Closed portion 108 provides a plurality of openings 110.Opening is arranged, for example to be sealed by bolt 112.
Fig. 2 explanation is according to the cross section of the plate-type heat exchanger 2 of embodiment.The heat transfer element of heat transfer plate 4 forms is arranged in piling up (stack) 6.The second passage 10 that is used for the first channel 8 of first heat-transfer fluid and is used for second heat-transfer fluid provides piling up 6.In this embodiment, passage 8,10 is formed by some sheet separations.Except piling up 6 external plates, each heat transfer plate 4 has towards the first surface 12 of first channel 8 with towards the second surface 14 of second passage 10.The first surface 12 of each heat transfer element provides nickel plating, after assembling the heat transfer plate at least 4 of plate-type heat exchanger 2, it is applied to first surface 12.The heat transfer plate 4 of interchanger 2 is by soldering permanent engagement.Heat transfer plate 4 or can be by welded joint.
Four port channels (port channel) 16 (showing wherein two) extend by piling up 6, and are communicated with first and second passages 8,10.Entrance and exit pipe section 18 provides the guiding means that first and second heat-transfer fluids enter plate-type heat exchanger 2.In first and second passages 8,10 each is communicated with two port channels.In two port channels that are communicated with a passage 8,10, in use, a guiding heat exchanging fluid is to passage, and another guides it from passage.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the embodiment of carrying out the system 30 of electroless nickel plating for the interchanger to assembling.The spiral-plate exchanger 20 of assembling illustrates in Fig. 3, but the interchanger of the assembling of the plate-type heat exchanger of assembling or other type can carry out electroless nickel plating equally well in system 30.System 30 comprises the conduit system with conduit 32 (schematically illustrating).Conduit system also comprises pump 34, be used for making releasable connection 36 that the interchanger 20 of assembling is connected with conduit system, pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38, for containing nickel ion and being ready to use in the solution container 40 of the solution S of electroless nickel plating.Conduit system also comprises valve and arranges 42, and it comprises some valves.System 30 can be used for a kind of coating according to the method for the internal surface of the interchanger of the assembling of embodiment.
Fig. 4 illustrates a kind of embodiment of method of internal surface of the interchanger that is coated with assembling.Below with reference to Fig. 3 and 4.
Pump 34 makes the pre-treatment liquid A from pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38, and SV, W cycle through the first channel of interchanger 20, and is back to pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38.In addition, pump 34 makes the first channel that cycles through interchanger 20 from the solution S of solution container 40, and is back to solution container 40.Valve is arranged 42 and is used for pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38 or solution container 40 are connected with interchanger 20 with pump 34.Therefore, by making pre-treatment liquid A, SV, W cycles through first channel and the pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38 of interchanger 20, the first surface of the heat exchange element of heat exchanging device 20 carries out pre-treatment 410, and by making solution S cycle through first channel and solution container 40, the first surface in the heat exchanging device 20 carries out electroless nickel plating 420.The known solution S that contains the Ni ion can be used for electroless nickel plating, for example, is disclosed in US2006/0024514, US 6066406, US2009/123777 and US 5019163.Such pre-treatment liquid is known, for example, discusses in US 2009/123777 and US 5019163.
Fig. 5 illustrates a kind of embodiment of method of internal surface of the interchanger that is coated with assembling.Below with reference to Fig. 3 and 5.
Pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38 according to embodiment comprises three containers 44,46,48.Water receptacle 44 is connected with conduit 32 by two valves 50,52.When valve 50,52 was opened, therefore the pre-treatment liquid of water W form can circulate in system 30 by pump 34, represents as the water cycle step 510 that makes among Fig. 5.The container 46 that contains solvent SV is connected with conduit 32 by two valves 54,56.Solvent SV can be the water of the washing composition with interpolation, based on the solvent of hydrocarbon or different solvents.When valve 54,56 was opened, therefore the pre-treatment liquid of solvent SV form can circulate in system 30 by pump 34, represents as the solvent cycle step 520 that makes among Fig. 5.The container 48 that is used for activated liquid A (for example acid) is connected with conduit 32 by two valves 58,60.When valve 58,60 was opened, therefore the pre-treatment liquid of activated liquid A form can circulate in system 30 by pump 34, as activation step 530 expressions among Fig. 5.Such activated liquid A is known, for example, discusses in US 2009/123777.
Solution container 40 is connected with conduit 32 by two valves 62,64.When valve 62,64 was opened, therefore the solution S that comprises nickel ion can circulate in system 30 by pump 34, represents as the electroless nickel plating step 540 among Fig. 5.
After making solvent cycle step 520, make activated liquid circulation step 530 and making one or more steps in the solution circulated step 540 of the nickel ion that comprises electroless nickel plating, but repeating step 510.Adopt this mode, interchanger 20 used water rinsings are to remove previous used liquid or solution.
Perhaps, water cycle step 510 can be repeated or water guiding step 550 is replenished, wherein will be from the water guiding of water source (for example water tap) first channel by interchanger 20.
Described method can comprise makes interchanger 20 be connected 560 step formerly with releasable connection 36, makes the bootable first channel by interchanger 20 of liquid and solution.Comprise under the situation of nickel plating at first surface at interchanger 20, if the interchanger of using electroplated again for stand-by nickel plating of interchanger 20 for example, then described method can comprise and removes step 570, wherein remove nickel plating by removing liquid, this removes the container that liquid cycles through first channel and is used for removing liquid by pump 34.The liquid of removing like this is known, for example, discusses in US4554049.Remove liquid and also can be described as stripper solution/liquid.May not need to remove step 570 in some embodiments, wherein interchanger changes into and only experienced one or more pre-treatment step 510-530 before electroless nickel plating step 540.Fig. 6 explanation be used for removing the container 70 of liquid RL with via conduit and two valves 72,74 that are connected for the container 70 of removing liquid.This container 70 and these valves 72,74 can be connected with the conduit 32 in system 30 illustrated in fig. 3, to allow to remove the container 70 that liquid RL cycles through interchanger 20 by pump 34 and is used for removing liquid.
Can be used for votator and plate-type heat exchanger are carried out electroless nickel plating in system 30 illustrated in fig. 3.Interchanger is in the embodiment of votator therein, can specifically arrange, to implement in conjunction with Figure 4 and 5 at least some steps for the method for votator description, wherein the spiral-shaped tinsel spare of votator is as the arrangement of Fig. 7 and 8 explanations, that is, first plane 100 is in the substantial horizontal plane.Below with reference to Fig. 3,5,7 and 8.
When the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24 through arranging, wherein first plane 100 is when the substantial horizontal direction, buoyancy can be used for allowing the gas (for example, hydrogen) that produces during being coated with escape from first surface 12 easily.Adopt this mode, gas can not hinder processing and the coating of first surface 12.Therefore, described method can comprise the step of arranging 600 votators 20, wherein makes pre-treatment liquid circulation 510,520,530 and make solution S cycle period, extend with the substantial horizontal direction on first plane 100, and main direction 102 is extended with the perpendicular direction.
In Fig. 7 and 8, pre-treatment liquid A, SV, W and solution S are indicated with small arrow by the flowing of first channel 8 of part 21,23.Perhaps, flowing can be in relative direction.Comprise in use during the votator of part 21,23, in the plane that is parallel to first plane 100, lid is at the both sides sealing of the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares 22,24.Therefore, in using votator, heat-transfer fluid flows through first and second passages 8,10 along spiral rather than small arrow direction.
Make pre-treatment liquid A, SV, W and solution S cycle period, pre-treatment liquid A, SV, W and solution S must be guided first channel 8 into and be drawn from first channel 8.Therefore, provide releasable connection 36 in system illustrated in fig. 3.In order in the embodiment of Fig. 7 and 8, to provide pre-treatment liquid A along main direction 102, SV, the flowing of W and solution S, releasable connection can be included in the first flow distribution junctor 104 illustrated in fig. 7 and the second flow distribution junctor 106.
In the embodiment of Fig. 7, first channel 8 is two terminal open wide parallel with first plane 100.Pre-treatment liquid A, SV, therefore W and solution S can flow through first channel in main direction 102.In the embodiment of Fig. 8, first channel 8 opens wide at an end parallel with first plane 100, and is provided with at least one closed portion 108.Closed portion 108 provides a plurality of openings 110, with permission pre-treatment liquid A, and SV, W and solution S flow by first channel 8.In the embodiment of Fig. 8, near opening 110 places, the direction that liquid and solution can be different flows rather than flows along main direction 102, to arrive opening 110.Therefore, pre-treatment liquid circulation 510,520,530 can be comprised make pre-treatment liquid flow through first channel 8 at least partially in main direction 102, the solution S circulation can be comprised make solution S flow through first channel 8 at least partially in main direction 102.
In the embodiment that comprises opening 110, described method can be included in the step that coating internal surfaces 12 seals 602 openings 110 afterwards.For example, can be by bolt 112 be tightened in the opening 110, or by resilient plug being pressed into opening 112, seal.
The valve 50-64 of valve system 42 and pump 34 can be by schematic disclosed Controlling System 66 manual operations or automatization controls.As schematically illustrate, Controlling System 66 can be connected with all valve 50-64 with pump 34.In order to be implemented in the method that the first surface to according to the interchanger of embodiment that illustrates in the Figure 4 and 5 carries out electroless nickel plating, but Controlling System 66 operating pumps 34 and valve arrange 42, make valve 50-64 once open two, cycle through the first channel of interchanger 20 and relevant container 40 by pump 34 with liquid or the solution that allows to be correlated with, 44-48 reaches section sometime.
Some or all of containers 40,44-48 can provide heating unit 80-86, is used for heating wherein contained corresponding liquid or solution.In addition, one or more containers 40,44-48 can provide agitation elements 90-94, is used for stirring wherein contained corresponding liquid or solution.Heating unit 80-86 and agitation elements 90-94 can control by Controlling System 66.By the relevant heating unit by Controlling System 66 controls, the temperature of liquid or solution can for example remain below boiling temperature 1-50 ℃ temperature of relevant liquid or solution.Other suitable temperature for the solution S that comprises nickel ion is known, for example, and from aforementioned prior art file.The temperature sensor (not shown) suits to arrange among the 44-48 at each container 40.Each temperature sensor is connected with Controlling System 66, to allow the corresponding heating unit 80-86 of control.Each agitation elements 90-94 be can control, to work as liquid or solution circulated at least by first channel and relevant container 40, during 44-48, relevant liquid or solution stirred.
By heating unit 86 in solution container 40, the solution S in the solution container 40 is heated, as 440 expressions of the solution heating steps 580 among Fig. 5 and the solution heating steps among Fig. 4.
By heating unit 80-84 in pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38, to the pre-treatment liquid A in the pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38, SV, W heats, and represents as the pre-treatment liquid heating steps 450 among Fig. 4.Can implement pre-treatment liquid heating steps by one or more independent steps, wherein heat corresponding pre-treatment liquid A, SV, W.Can implement water heating steps 582 (Fig. 5) by the water heating elements 80 in water receptacle 44.Can implement solvent heating steps 584 (Fig. 5) by the solvent heating unit 82 in the container 46 that contains solvent SV.Can implement activated liquid heating steps 586 (Fig. 5) by the activated liquid heating unit 84 at the container 48 that is used for activated liquid A.
Agitation elements 94 by in solution container 40 stirs the solution S in the solution container 40, as the expression of the solution stirring step 590 among Fig. 5 and the solution stirring step 460 among Fig. 4.
By the agitation elements 90,92 in pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38, the pre-treatment liquid in the pre-treatment liquid reservoir 38 is stirred, represent as the pre-treatment whipping step 470 among Fig. 4.Can implement the pre-treatment whipping step by one or more independent steps, wherein stir corresponding pre-treatment liquid.Can implement water whipping step 592 (Fig. 5) by the water agitation elements (not shown) in water receptacle 44.Can implement stirring solvent step 594 (Fig. 5) by the stirring solvent element 90 in the container 46 that contains solvent SV.Can implement activated liquid whipping step 596 (Fig. 5) by the activated liquid agitation elements 92 at the container 48 that is used for activated liquid A.
Can notice: for the solution that comprises nickel ion, raising will obtain thicker coating (up to a certain thickness) cycling time; Higher temperature can promote reaction, causes the surface covered that improves; Different base material (that is the material of heat transfer element) will cause different surface covereds; For electroless nickel plating (for example, Ni-B plating, Ni-diamond electroplating etc.), different solution will cause different surface covereds.These passes are that those skilled in the art are well-known.
Pre-treatment liquid A, SV, the flow velocity that the circulation of W and solution S can be different carries out.In addition, at least a pre-treatment liquid A, SV, the flow velocity that the circulation of W and solution S can change carries out.Flow velocity can be used for handling or application step slowly, and flow velocity is used in exchanging liquid or solution in the first channel faster.Therefore, can under various flow velocity, circulate.In some embodiments, comprise that 0 cubic metre flow velocity reaches section sometime.In such embodiments, still circulate, mean when flow velocity during time period of 0 cubic metre, liquid or solution are circulated to interchanger from reservoir or container, and are back to reservoir or container.Suitable flow velocity can be determined by rule of thumb.
Above-mentioned example embodiment is capable of being combined, as understood by a person skilled in the art.Those skilled in the art also understand, can with or the some interchanger that are connected in series in parallel in system illustrated in fig. 3 30 in implement nickel plating simultaneously.Therefore, described method can comprise once to carrying out nickel plating more than an interchanger.
During the method for the internal surface of implementing the coating votator, but the second passage of temporary close votator.During being carried out up to the described method of small part, second passage can be sheltered, enter second passage to prevent pretreatment fluid body and flow of solution.After coating and before using votator, will shelter and remove.
In the embodiment system 30 of Fig. 3, can provide and being connected of pumping equipment (drain).In system 30, can use more than a pump 34.For example, a pump that is used for every kind of liquid/solution can be arranged in the conduit system of system 30.Can measure the concentration of material in liquid and solution.If relevant concentration value surpasses or is lower than threshold value, then Controlling System 66 can provide alarm.The concentration of material can be proofreaied and correct by exchanging liquid or solution or by the enriched material that adds related substances in liquid and solution.Can use heating unit and agitation elements for the container 70 of removing liquid.The first and second removable flow distribution junctors 104,106 can be connected with a part of votator, as illustrated in fig. 7.Perhaps, the first and second removable flow distribution junctors 104,106 can be connected with a part of shell of votator, for example in tubular center illustrated in fig. 1 part 27.
The second surface of heat transfer element also can be according to described method nickel plating.When first surface nickel plating, can implement this point simultaneously.Perhaps, it can be implemented in independent process.Can be identical type or different kinds in the first and second lip-deep nickel plating, for example, be that nickel/boron is electroplated on a surface, and be nickel on another surface/the polymkeric substance plating.
Therefore, be understood that, the various example embodiments of above stated specification, and the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific embodiments, and combination of features and other embodiment of the modification of disclosed embodiment, disclosed embodiment are intended to comprise within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (25)
1. coating interchanger (2, the method of internal surface 20), described interchanger (2,20) comprise for the first channel (8) of first heat exchanging fluid and are used for the second passage (10) of second heat exchanging fluid, described first and second passages (8,10) separate by at least one heat transfer element (4,22,24), described heat transfer element (4,22,24) have towards the first surface (12) of first channel (8) with towards the second surface (14) of second passage (10), wherein said method comprises:
By make at least a pre-treatment liquid (A, SV, W) first channel (8) of circulation (510,520,530) by interchanger (2,20) and the pre-treatment liquid reservoir of separating with interchanger (2,20) (38), pre-treatment (410) first surface (12) and
By making the solution (S) that comprises nickel ion cycle through interchanger (2,20) first channel (8) and with interchanger (2,20) solution container of Fen Geing (40), first surface (12) is carried out electroless nickel plating (420,540), wherein realize at least a pre-treatment liquid (A by at least one pump (34) that forms the part of conduit system, SV, the circulation of circulation W) (510,520,530) and solution (S), described conduit system is configured at least a pre-treatment liquid (A, SV, W) and solution (S) be sent to interchanger (2,20) respectively.
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that described pre-treatment (410) comprising:
Make water (W), solvent (SV), acid (A) or comprise a kind of circulation (510,520,530) in the pre-treatment liquid of liquid form of solid particulate by first channel (8).
3. each method among the claim 1-2, wherein said pre-treatment (410) comprising:
Make water (W) circulation (510) by first channel (8) and water receptacle (44), or by guiding (550) from the water at water source by first channel (8), with by the liquid circulation (520) that makes solvent (SV) or the comprise solid particulate container by first channel (8) and the container (46) by being used for solvent (SV) or the liquid by being used for containing solid particulate, cleaning first surface (12).
4. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein pre-treatment (410) comprising:
Activation step (530) is used for activating first surface (12) before at electroless nickel plating (420,540): by making activated liquid cycle through first channel (8) and being used for the container (48) of activated liquid.
5. each method in the aforementioned claim, the pump (34) of the part by one or more formation conduit systems wherein, implement the circulation of pre-treatment liquid and solution circulated, described conduit system also comprises and interchanger (2,20) releasable connection (36), pre-treatment liquid reservoir (38), solution container (40) and valve are arranged (42), be used for guiding pre-treatment liquid or solution by pump (34) and interchanger (2,20).
6. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said solution (S) is for comprising the aqueous solution of nickel ion, chemical reducing agent and catalyzer.
7. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said method comprise by heating unit (86) heating (440,580) solution (S) in solution container (40).
8. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said method comprise by heating unit (80,82,84) heating (450,582,584,586) pre-treatment liquid in pre-treatment liquid reservoir (38).
9. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said method comprise by agitation elements (94) and stir (460,590) solution (S) in solution container (40).
10. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said method comprise by agitation elements (90,92) and stir (470,592,594,596) pre-treatment liquid in pre-treatment liquid reservoir (38).
11. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said method comprises:
Remove the container (70) that liquid (RL) cycles through the first channel (8) of interchanger (2,20) and is used for removing liquid by making, remove (570) and be present in any nickel layer on the first surface (12), implement pre-treatment (410) subsequently.
12. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said interchanger (2,20) comprise the heat transfer element (4,22,24) of at least two permanent engagement, described first and second passages (8,10) at least the first heat transfer element (4 of the heat transfer element (4,22,24) by at least two permanent engagement, 22,24) separate.
13. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein said interchanger (20) is votator (20), and at least one heat transfer element (22,24) be included in the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22) that extends in the spiral in first plane (100), extend perpendicular to the described first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22) on described first plane (100).
14. the method for claim 13, wherein make pre-treatment liquid circulation (510,520,530) comprise and make pre-treatment liquid (A, SV, W) flow through first channel (8) at least partially in main direction (102), solution (S) circulation is comprised make solution (S) flow through first channel (8) at least partially in main direction (102), described main direction (102) is substantially perpendicular to first plane (100) and extends.
15. the method for claim 14, wherein in the plane that is arranged essentially parallel to first plane (100), side at the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22), close first channel (8) by at least one closed portion (108), and wherein said closed portion (108) provides a plurality of openings (110), make pre-treatment liquid circulation (510,520,530) pre-treatment liquid (A during, SV, W) flow through described opening (110), solution during making solution circulated (S) flows through described opening.
16. the method for claim 15, wherein said method seal (602) opening (110) after being included in coating internal surfaces.
17. each method among the claim 14-16, wherein said method comprises arrangement (600) votator (20), wherein make pre-treatment liquid circulation (510,520,530) during and during making solution circulated, extend with the substantial horizontal direction on described first plane (100), and main direction (102) is extended with the perpendicular direction.
Make pre-treatment liquid circulation (510,520,530) and make the first channel (8) of solution circulated by having 5-40 mm width 18. each method among the claim 13-17, wherein said method comprise.
19. each method among the claim 13-18, the wherein said first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22) has the thickness of 2-6 mm.
20. each method among the claim 13-19, wherein said interchanger (2,20) comprise second heat transfer element (4,24), described second heat transfer element (4,24) comprise the second spiral-shaped tinsel spare (24), its with substantially concentric first plane (100) of the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22) in spiral in extend, wherein threaded stud (103) is at the first and second spiral-shaped tinsel spares (22,24) extend in the first channel between (8), described threaded stud with 280-780 threaded stud/square metre the density arrangement.
21. each method among the claim 13-20, wherein said method provide nickel/boron coating or nickel/diamond coatings.
22. interchanger (2,20), described interchanger (2,20) comprises for the first channel (8) of first heat exchanging fluid and is used for the second passage (10) of second heat exchanging fluid, described first and second passages (8,10) separate by at least one heat transfer element (4,22,24), described heat transfer element (4,22,24) have first surface (12) towards first channel (8), described first surface (12) has the nickel plating of using according to each method among the claim 1-12.
23. the interchanger (2 of claim 13,20), wherein said heat transfer element (4,22,24) with have towards another heat transfer element (4 of the first surface (12) of first channel (8), 22,24) welding is at heat transfer element (4,22,24) form at least a portion first channel (8) and between another heat transfer element (4,22,24).
24. the interchanger (2 of claim 13,20), wherein said heat transfer element (4) with have towards another heat transfer element soldering of the first surface (12) of first channel (8), between heat transfer element (4) and another heat transfer element (4) formation at least a portion first channel (8).
25. the interchanger of claim 22 or 23 (20), wherein said interchanger (20) is votator (20), and described at least one heat transfer element (22,24) be included in the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22) that extends in the spiral in first plane (100), extend perpendicular to the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22) on described first plane (100), wherein in the plane that is arranged essentially parallel to first plane (100), side at the first spiral-shaped tinsel spare (22), close first channel (8) by at least one closed portion (108), and wherein said closed portion (108) provides a plurality of openings (110), and described opening (110) is sealed.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10193194A EP2458030A1 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2010-11-30 | Method of coating a part of a heat exchanger and heat exchanger |
| EP10193194.7 | 2010-11-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2011/071393 WO2012072684A2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | Method of coating a part of a heat exchanger and heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103282544A true CN103282544A (en) | 2013-09-04 |
Family
ID=43629383
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180057339XA Pending CN103282544A (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | Method of coating a part of a heat exchanger and heat exchanger |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130248157A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2458030A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103282544A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012072684A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104278257A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-14 | 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 | Coating type chemical plating method based on high-temperature plating solution |
| WO2018098665A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | Aramco Services Company | Scaling and corrosion resistant fluid conduit |
| CN110998217A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-04-10 | 牛津纳米***有限公司 | Heat exchange element with microstructured coating and method for producing same |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2413045B1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2014-02-26 | Grundfos Management A/S | Heat exchange unit |
| US20140014061A1 (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-16 | Caterpillar Inc. | High-phosphorous electroless nickel (hfen) treatment for bushingless connecting rod |
| US10537939B2 (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method of manufacturing a honeycomb structure for an electronic device |
| JP2017059636A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Method for manufacturing semiconductor device |
| GB2565276B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-06-03 | Oxford Nanosystems Ltd | Electroless flow deposition process |
| US11054199B2 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2021-07-06 | Rheem Manufacturing Company | Applying coatings to the interior surfaces of heat exchangers |
| DK3800420T3 (en) | 2019-10-03 | 2023-01-16 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | SPIRAL HEAT EXCHANGER |
| US20220065562A1 (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-03 | Carrier Corporation | Methods of forming protective surface treatments on heat exchagners in-situ |
| US20220316823A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | Rheem Manufacturing Company | Corrosion prevention for heat exchanger devices and pool heaters |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6513581B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2003-02-04 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Heat exchanger with a reduced tendency to produce deposits and method for producing same |
| CN1570205A (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-01-26 | 深圳市成功科技有限公司 | Composite nickel plating method for aluminum alloy heating piece |
| CN1871491A (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2006-11-29 | 弗拉特普莱特股份有限公司 | Plate heat exchanger with enhanced surface features |
| CN1912522A (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-02-14 | 李建新 | Radiator suitable for aluminium alloy cavity nickel coated anti-corrosion |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4554049A (en) | 1984-06-07 | 1985-11-19 | Enthone, Incorporated | Selective nickel stripping compositions and method of stripping |
| JPS61207577A (en) * | 1985-03-11 | 1986-09-13 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Circulation type electroless plating method |
| US5019163A (en) | 1986-12-08 | 1991-05-28 | Mccomas C Edward | Corrosion/wear-resistant metal alloy coating compositions |
| JPS63195279A (en) * | 1987-02-07 | 1988-08-12 | Noriyuki Sugawara | Method for cleaning existing water supply pipe |
| SE468159B (en) | 1991-03-25 | 1992-11-16 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | PROCEDURE FOR COATING HEAT TRANSFER PLATER IN A PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH A LAYER OF SURFACE PROTECTIVE MATERIAL |
| SE9402904L (en) | 1994-09-01 | 1996-03-02 | Lars Persson | Heat exchanger and method of manufacture thereof |
| US6066406A (en) | 1998-05-08 | 2000-05-23 | Biocontrol Technology, Inc. | Coating compositions containing nickel and boron |
| JP2004150760A (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-27 | Denso Corp | Heat exchanger |
| US20060024447A1 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2006-02-02 | Mccomas Edward | Electroless plating with nanometer particles |
| US20090123777A1 (en) | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | Uct Coatings Llc. | Method of improving the performance of a hydrodynamic surface |
| CN201569326U (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-09-01 | 高远新 | Nickel plated heat radiator |
-
2010
- 2010-11-30 EP EP10193194A patent/EP2458030A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-11-30 WO PCT/EP2011/071393 patent/WO2012072684A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-11-30 US US13/990,365 patent/US20130248157A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-11-30 CN CN201180057339XA patent/CN103282544A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6513581B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2003-02-04 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Heat exchanger with a reduced tendency to produce deposits and method for producing same |
| CN1871491A (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2006-11-29 | 弗拉特普莱特股份有限公司 | Plate heat exchanger with enhanced surface features |
| CN1570205A (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-01-26 | 深圳市成功科技有限公司 | Composite nickel plating method for aluminum alloy heating piece |
| CN1912522A (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-02-14 | 李建新 | Radiator suitable for aluminium alloy cavity nickel coated anti-corrosion |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104278257A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-14 | 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 | Coating type chemical plating method based on high-temperature plating solution |
| WO2018098665A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | Aramco Services Company | Scaling and corrosion resistant fluid conduit |
| CN110998217A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-04-10 | 牛津纳米***有限公司 | Heat exchange element with microstructured coating and method for producing same |
| CN110998217B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2021-12-28 | 牛津纳米***有限公司 | Heat exchange element with microstructured coating and method for producing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012072684A3 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
| EP2458030A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
| US20130248157A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
| WO2012072684A2 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103282544A (en) | Method of coating a part of a heat exchanger and heat exchanger | |
| TWI586846B (en) | Electrochemical deposition apparatus with remote catholyte fluid management | |
| CN104342747A (en) | Apparatuses and methods for maintaining ph in nickel electroplating baths | |
| US10604426B2 (en) | High efficiency electrochemical desalination system that incorporates participating electrodes | |
| US20240209541A1 (en) | Portable and modular production electroplating system | |
| JP4101261B2 (en) | Surface treatment method and surface treatment apparatus for workpiece | |
| CN205634990U (en) | Hexavalent chromium ion system among anion exchange resin processing electroplating effluent | |
| US6200436B1 (en) | Recycling consistent plating system for electroplating | |
| CN107129093A (en) | The chemically quick, method of high efficiente callback nickel and equipment therefor in nickel-plating waste liquid | |
| US3692291A (en) | Silver recovery | |
| CN105308221A (en) | Holding device, and high-speed plating device provided with same | |
| US8387555B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for electroless nickel coating of tubular structures | |
| EP1630251B1 (en) | Process for coating apparatus and parts of apparatus used to make chemical plants | |
| JP2009203517A (en) | Surface treatment method and surface treatment apparatus for material to be treated | |
| CN109809600A (en) | The quickly device of processing chemical nickel Ageing solution | |
| TW201317390A (en) | Coating system for chemical bath deposition | |
| CN113122902A (en) | Electroplating apparatus | |
| Petek et al. | Plating nickel-63 on copper coupons | |
| DE19816325B9 (en) | Method and device for nickel plating the inner surfaces of hollow bodies in the form of heat exchangers made of aluminum and aluminum alloys by Durchlaufstömung | |
| JP2010202979A (en) | Plated article and plating method | |
| EA028777B1 (en) | Galvanic plant for application of coatings and method for operating the same | |
| Mayes | Extending the life of electroless nickel solutions | |
| JPH02274897A (en) | Electrodeposition coating device | |
| CN207435576U (en) | A kind of handware electroplating device | |
| CN114438573A (en) | Electroplating system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C05 | Deemed withdrawal (patent law before 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20130904 |