A kind of string is mended device porcelain overcoat voltage limiter
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical equipment technical field, be specifically related to a kind of string and mend device porcelain overcoat voltage limiter.
Background technology
In recent years, mend in the device at the 220kV that puts into operation~550kV superhigh pressure string, some engineering is accepted by offshore company, and voltage limiter equipment is wherein also provided by external several companies.In the world, have only several companies can provide string to mend device metal oxide pressure-limiting device product, the voltage limiter basic functional principle that each producer provides is identical, but structure has nothing in common with each other.
By the voltage limiter of Chinese DianKeYuan high pressure institute independent development at home the guest performer mend in the engineering and be used widely.2011, the first string of China was mended engineering, also is that first extra-high voltage series compensation engineering successfully puts into operation in the world.Wherein extra-high voltage series compensation is supplied by China Electric Power Research Institute's independent research with voltage limiter.At present, also there are not other producers to research and develop this equipment both at home and abroad.
Metal oxide pressure-limiting device has characteristics such as energy consumption is big, rated voltage is low, a plurality of unit of employing parallel form, in order to prevent damaging because of the uneven voltage limiter unit that causes of each resistor disc intercolumniation shunting, need carry out the special sheet of joining, so that the electric current of each the columnar resistance sheet that uses in parallel distributes as far as possible evenly, bring into play the effect of each resistor disc among the MOV to greatest extent.
Voltage limiter structurally is made of insulating coating, core body, explosion-protection equipment etc. substantially, and its core parts are ZnO non-linear resistors, and this and electric power system use the lightning arrester structure similar.Voltage limiter is protection equipment, and is in parallel with protected equipment (as series capacitor bank) in use.Voltage limiter is that these are different with lightning arrester for the protection of power-frequency overvoltage, and lightning arrester is mainly used in the transformer station or the protection of transmission line switching overvoltage or lightning overvoltage, and the energy of absorption is generally little.Voltage limiter needs to sacrifice oneself other equipment of protection sometimes as a kind of protection equipment, and it at first should guarantee the safety of self, namely can not influence other equipment when self breaks down.And at present in the engineering actual motion, still have once in a while voltage limiter blast because of certain reason and caused around the thing of other device damage take place, therefore consider from security standpoint, require MOV should have pressure releasability well.500kV string benefit device generally is not higher than 150kV with the rated voltage of voltage limiter at present, and the product height is not higher than 1.6m, and it is then lower with rated voltage and the product height of voltage limiter that the 220kV string is mended device.Voltage limiter is with two kinds in composite insulation outer coat and porcelain overcoat outward.The composite sheath voltage limiter is owing to be subjected to the problem restriction such as aging of organic composite material, and operating experience also is not very abundant, so for voltage limiter, do not have advantage clearly.The operating experience of porcelain coat lightning arrester is abundant, does not have problems such as material aging, so still be widely used at present.For porcelain overcoat voltage limiter, the key issue that must solve is the explosion-proof problem of porcelain overcoat voltage limiter, because if the consequence that the insulator blast causes can be very serious.The big electric current pressure releasability of the voltage limiter of porcelain jacket structure or lightning arrester is generally 50kA, and in order to improve the pressure releasability, a lot of producers often are provided with the arc tube at inwall.This method is suitable for lightning arrester, can influence the radiating rate of voltage limiter after absorbing energy but voltage limiter is inner when adopting the arc tube, thereby influence the making time again that voltage limiter and string are mended device, and this utilance to the whole series string benefit device is disadvantageous.
In addition, what voltage limiter adopted is the resistor disc connection in series-parallel of a lot of non-linear voltage-current characteristics, because the voltage-current characteristic of these resistor discs can not be consistent, so need carry out special combo, makes shunting effect consistent as far as possible.Realizing that CURRENT DISTRIBUTION between the voltage limiter multicolumn parallel resistance sheet post tries one's best on the uniform method, the method that different voltage limiter producer takes is also inequality, and the effect that reaches is also different.On the world and domestic standard or during Bidding Invition the requirement of MOV current stabilizing factor is generally at present and is not more than 1.1.
From calendar year 2001, my unit begins independent research transmission line of alternation current series compensation complete set of equipments, and all devices is realized production domesticization at present, and has independent intellectual property right, and wherein metal oxide pressure-limiting device is mended in the complete set of equipments at string and occupied critical role.
2004, the string of independent development was mended with metal oxide pressure-limiting device and is put into operation in the homemade 220kV string of the first cover benefit device at home, and 2006, the string of development was mended with metal oxide pressure-limiting device and put into operation in the homemade 500kV string of the first cover benefit device at home.Along with the fast development of China's UHV transmission technology, Chinese DianKeYuan begins independent research extra-high voltage series compensation main equipment, and wherein the extra-high voltage series compensation voltage limiter is one of them.
At the beginning of 2009, China's AC extra high voltage experiment and demonstration engineering puts into operation, and in order significantly to improve its conveying capacity, makes the list of this project return the ability that UHV transmission line reaches 5,000,000 kilowatts of stable conveyings, must adopt the extra-high voltage series compensation technology.Therefore from the second half year in 2009, China Electric Power Research Institute carried out key technology research and the equipment development of extra-high voltage series compensation device.As the main protecting equipment in the string benefit device, the extra-high voltage series compensation voltage limiter is one of important research contents.2011, Chinese DianKeYuan independent research went out the extra-high voltage series compensation voltage limiter, and dropped into engineering operation the end of the year 2011, and this is that head overlaps the extra-high voltage series compensation voltage limiter in the world.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of string and mend device porcelain overcoat voltage limiter, the extra-high voltage series compensation of the present invention's development reaches 210kV with the voltage limiter rated voltage, adopt single-unit insulator structure, aluminium alloy cast flange is adopted at two ends, and core body adopts four post non-linear resistor parallel connections, and does not force the current-sharing measure in the middle of the core body, diverting coefficient is not more than 1.03, and big electric current pressure releasability reaches 63kA/0.2s.The voltage limiter of development is applicable to that capacitor group rated voltage 120kV, protection level are the string benefit device of 2.3 times of capacitor group rated voltages.
The objective of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of string is mended the device voltage limiter, and described pressure limiting device 9 is installed on the series compensation platform 8, and described voltage limiter 9 is composed in parallel by two groups of voltage limiter unit; Its improvements are, described voltage limiter unit comprises seal 3, explosion-protection equipment 5, core body 1 and two groups of arc guide rods 2 that are used with explosion-protection equipment 5, described seal 3 and explosion-protection equipment 5 constitute seal chamber by sealing ring, described core body 1 is arranged in the seal chamber, the two ends that are arranged at described core body 1 respectively of described two groups of arc guide rods, 2 direction unanimities; Top at described core body 1 is equipped with spring.
Wherein, described voltage limiter unit bottom is provided with metal base plate 10 is installed, and installs between base plate 10 and the series compensation platform 8 at metal insulation column 11 is installed; After connecting together by busbar, receives by the binding post 6 at described voltage limiter top the high voltage bus 12 of series compensation platform 8; After being connected in parallel, two groups of voltage limiter unit are connected to the low-voltage bus bar 13 of series compensation platform 8; Described two groups of voltage limiter unit all are equiped with current transformer.
Wherein, the mode of connection of described voltage limiter unit is " Z " font, and namely high voltage bus 12 is not less than 135 degree with the angle of low-voltage bus bar 13.
Wherein, described explosion-protection equipment 5 quantity are 2, are arranged at the two ends of seal 3 respectively; Described explosion-protection equipment 5 adopts rupture pressure discs, is located on the core body 1 upper and lower electrode two groups with branch and leads the arc road and be used;
The described arc road of leading is that the circle that plural arch starting rod 2 phase pads close is led the arc road, or leads the arc road for plural straight or bending arc guide rod surrounds polygon mutually; Wherein an end is fixed on the electrode and electrical communication, and other end place is fixed on the electrode by seal 3.
Wherein, respectively leading the arc road is surrounded by 3~4 arch starting rods 2 and forms.
Wherein, described seal 3 adopts insulating coating, and described insulating coating is single-unit insulator structure.
Wherein, described metal oxide pressure-limiting device comprises flange 4, the two ends of described insulating coating respectively with described flange 4 mucilage bindings together; Described flange 4 is for having the metal flange of arc spraying mouth.
Wherein, described metal flange is aluminium alloy cast flange.
Wherein, described binding post 6 is arranged on top flange 4 upper surfaces.
Wherein, described core body 1 is composed in parallel by four post non-linear resistors, and every columnar resistance sheet is provided with 3~4 epoxy spike pullings, the top electrode of formation core body 1 after the top parallel connection of resistor disc post, the bottom electrode of formation core body 1 after the parallel connection of bottom.
Wherein, four post non-linear resistors have only two ends to be connected in parallel, and middle nothing is forced the current-sharing measure; The diverting coefficient of described voltage limiter is not higher than 1.03.
Wherein, the rated voltage 〉=210kV of described voltage limiter, highly 〉=and 2.2m, be the string benefit device of 2.3 times of capacitor group rated voltages for capacitor group rated voltage 120kV, protection level.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is:
1, the arc device is led in the design of voltage limiter core body two ends, is used the margin of safety that can improve insulating coating greatly with rupture pressure disc, makes voltage limiter have very high pressure releasability, reaches 63kA/0.2s.
2, the arc tube is no longer additionally installed in insulating coating inside, when metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV can be faster behind normal absorption energy in service heat radiation, improved operational reliability and the usage ratio of equipment of metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV.
3, the string benefit is good with the current-sharing performance between the porcelain overcoat voltage limiter multicolumn parallel resistor sheet post.Through special join sheet after, the diverting coefficient that the string of development is mended with voltage limiter is not higher than 1.03, far below 1.1 of present universal demand.
4, the string of development is mended and is reached 210kV with porcelain overcoat voltage limiter rated voltage, adopts single-unit insulator structure, and aluminium alloy cast flange is adopted at two ends, and core body adopts four post non-linear resistor parallel connections, and does not force the current-sharing measure in the middle of the core body.The voltage limiter of development is applicable to that capacitor group rated voltage 120kV, protection level are the string benefit device of 2.3 times of capacitor group rated voltages.
5,2011, Chinese DianKeYuan independent research went out extra-high voltage series compensation metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV, and dropped into the extra-high voltage grid operation the end of the year 2011, and this is that head overlaps extra-high voltage series compensation metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV in the world, and safe and stable operation so far.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that string provided by the invention is mended the structural representation with metal oxide porcelain overcoat voltage limiter MOV;
Fig. 2 is that string provided by the invention is mended the structure vertical view with metal oxide porcelain overcoat voltage limiter MOV;
Fig. 3 is that string provided by the invention is mended the device wiring schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that string provided by the invention is mended device wiring vertical view.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
String provided by the invention is mended device porcelain overcoat voltage limiter; metal oxide pressure-limiting device wherein (is called for short voltage limiter; MOV) be main protecting equipment in the AC electric power systems compensator with series capaci tance; effect is the overvoltage of utilizing its good non-linear voltage-current characteristic restriction series capacitor bank two ends where necessary, reaches the purpose of protection series capacitor bank.
String provided by the invention is mended the device wiring schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3,, voltage limiter 9 is installed on the series compensation platform 8, and voltage limiter 9 is composed in parallel by two groups of voltage limiter unit; The voltage limiter unit comprises seal 3, explosion-protection equipment 5, core body 1 and two groups of arc guide rods 2 that are used with explosion-protection equipment 5, described seal 3 and explosion-protection equipment 5 constitute seal chamber, described core body 1 is arranged in the airtight cavity, the two ends that are arranged at described core body 1 respectively of described two groups of arc guide rods, 2 direction unanimities; Top at described core body 1 is equipped with spring.String is mended with metal oxide porcelain overcoat voltage limiter MOV structural representation as shown in Figure 1.
Explosion-protection equipment 5 quantity are 2, are arranged at the two ends of seal 3 respectively; Described explosion-protection equipment 5 adopts rupture pressure discs, is located on the core body 1 upper and lower electrode two groups with branch and leads the arc road and be used; Leading the arc road is that the circle that plural arch starting rod 2 phase pads close is led the arc road, or leads the arc road for plural straight or bending arc guide rod surrounds polygon mutually; Wherein an end is fixed on the electrode and electrical communication, other end place by seal 3 fixing with electrode on.Respectively leading the arc road is surrounded by 3~4 arch starting rods 2 and forms.Seal 3 adopts insulating coating, and insulating coating is single-unit insulator structure.
The insulating coating two ends of voltage limiter respectively with have lead nock metal flange 4 mucilage bindings together, insulating coating two ends designs has rupture pressure disc, rupture pressure disc and insulating coating are by seal chamber of sealing ring formation.Voltage limiter core body 1 is equipped with in seal chamber inside, core body 1 is to be formed in parallel by the multicolumn non-linear resistor, and 3~4 epoxy spike pulling support fixation are arranged around every columnar resistance sheet, and they play the effect of strengthening core body 1 structural strength, and the design of core body 1 two ends has arc guide rod 2.For core body 1 is fixing well in cavity, core body 1 top is equipped with spring, makes core body 1 bear precompression always.The structure vertical view of string benefit usefulness metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV provided by the invention as shown in Figure 2.
The direction unanimity of voltage limiter upper/lower terminal arc guide rod 2, to realize when voltage limiter produces electric arc because of certain reason in inside, the electric power that can utilize electric arc self to produce makes the electric arc rotation, thereby make electric arc add thermally insulating envelope more equably, avoid electric arc only calcination to be carried out in certain of insulating coating; When electric arc burns in insulating coating, gas pressure in the voltage limiter cavity is increased rapidly, because the intensity of the rupture pressure disc at voltage limiter two ends design itself is much smaller than the intensity of insulating coating, so when internal pressure is enough big, the stressed back explosion of rupture pressure disc makes the high temperature and high pressure gas arc spraying mouth default from two ends of voltage limiter inside spray, and this makes voltage limiter MOV internal pressure diminish rapidly, thereby guaranteed that insulating coating itself can not damage, and can not damage surrounding devices.Margin of safety when the arc guide rod of voltage limiter inside and rupture pressure disc are used and can improve insulating coating greatly and be subjected to the electric arc calcination in voltage limiter MOV inside makes voltage limiter have very high pressure releasability.Simultaneously, because insulating coating inside no longer additionally installs the arc tube, so behind normal absorption energy in service, can dispel the heat more quickly as MOV, significantly improved operational reliability and the usage ratio of equipment of MOV.The big electric current pressure of voltage limiter of the present invention releasability reaches 63kA/0.2s.
In order to reduce the failure rate of MOV when the normal operation to greatest extent, except the sealing effectiveness of guaranteeing MOV, a most important link is the current-sharing effect that improves between the non-linear resistor of multicolumn parallel connection.During the MOV operation, the multicolumn resistor disc is connected in parallel, bear identical voltage, because the resistor disc that MOV adopts is the resistor disc with non-linear voltage-current characteristic, if shunting is uneven between the resistor disc post, flow through the bigger resistor disc post of electric current and may thermal runaway take place and the MOV unit is damaged, will cause serious consequence to power system operation.Therefore MOV need take measures, and makes the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION nonuniformity coefficient (diverting coefficient) that is connected in parallel between each the resistor disc post that moves as far as possible little.Product of the present invention is when joining sheet, at first test the residual voltage of each resistor disc, join sheet according to certain rule then, generate the resistor disc post that needs, if the difference of the residual voltage of each post has exceeded allowed band, then need further to join sheet, from two posts of pressure reduction maximum, respectively select one group of valve block according to certain rule and exchange, pressure reduction is reduced gradually, and the residual voltage difference of final feasible each post in parallel is in allowed band.Through special join sheet after, the diverting coefficient that the string of development is mended with porcelain overcoat voltage limiter is not higher than 1.03, far below present generally provide 1.1.
The string of development is mended and is reached 210kV with porcelain overcoat voltage limiter rated voltage, and the product height reaches 2.2m, adopts single-unit insulator structure, and aluminium alloy flange is adopted at two ends, and core body adopts four post non-linear resistor parallel connections, and does not establish the current-sharing measure of forcing in the middle of the core body.The voltage limiter of development is applicable to that capacitor group rated voltage 120kV, protection level are about 2.3 string benefit device.
When engineering is used, after the rated voltage of series capacitor compensation group is determined, need calculate rated voltage and the quantity in parallel of the voltage limiter unit of requirement of engineering by system emulation, generally by the use that is connected in parallel of tens even tens MOV unit, realize the huge energy absorbability of MOV.In order to realize going here and there monitoring and the protection of mending MOV; when the MOV unit is arranged at series compensation platform 8; be arranged to two groups), in low-voltage bus bar 13 sides of each group MOV current transformer CT is installed, judged whether that by the electric current of measuring two groups of MOV unit the MOV unit breaks down.When MOV quantity in parallel more for a long time owing to be subjected to the restriction of platform area, can be with the parallel connection of MOV separated into two parts, each part still can be arranged to two groups.
String provided by the invention is mended device wiring vertical view as shown in Figure 4, all MOV that are connected in parallel are installed on the series compensation platform 8, every MOV unit bottom has special metal that base plate 10 is installed, and the MOV metal is installed between base plate 10 and the series compensation platform 8 insulation column 9 is installed, insulation column is insulator JYZ, and the insulator JYZ here plays the effect of insulating simultaneously and supporting.Binding post 6 is arranged on the upper surface of top flange 4.After connecting together by busbar, receives by each top, MOV unit binding post 6 high voltage bus 12 of series compensation platform, the bottom of two groups of MOV unit is connected in parallel respectively, the final low-voltage bus bar 13 that is connected to series compensation platform 8 again, and two MOV branch roads are separately installed with current transformer CT, are used for measuring the electric current of each MOV branch road.Also can be that a CT measures one of them branch current, another CT measures the total current of two branch roads, then by subtracting each other the electric current that obtains the another one branch road.
As can see from Figure 4, for every group of MOV unit, its mode of connection is similar to " Z " font, the angle of high and low pressure bus is not less than 135 degree, a benefit like this is when the inner generation of MOV electric arc, electric arc is subjected to the electric power basic neutralisation that electric current produces in the outside high and low pressure wiring, can ignore.This is with respect to the mode of connection that is similar to " U " font, and namely the angle of high and low pressure bus is not more than the mode of connection of 90 degree, and is more favourable to the safety of MOV insulating coating.Because under " U " shape mode of connection, when the inner generation of MOV electric arc, electric arc is subjected to the electric power that electric current produces in the outside high and low pressure wiring and can superposes, on one side electric arc is departed to certain of MOV, cause the more concentrated calcination insulating coating of electric arc, make the easier damage of insulating coating.
Voltage limiter of the present invention is not only applicable to the overvoltage protection of series capacitor compensation group, also is applicable to overvoltage protections such as direct current system neutral bus capacitor group, big capacity filter capacitor group.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.