CN103278435A - Fume detection and ventilation device for road tunnel - Google Patents
Fume detection and ventilation device for road tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278435A CN103278435A CN2013102430461A CN201310243046A CN103278435A CN 103278435 A CN103278435 A CN 103278435A CN 2013102430461 A CN2013102430461 A CN 2013102430461A CN 201310243046 A CN201310243046 A CN 201310243046A CN 103278435 A CN103278435 A CN 103278435A
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Abstract
A fume detection and ventilation device for a road tunnel comprises photoelectric sensors (1) mounted in multiple points in the tunnel, and further comprises a band-pass filtering circuit (2), an amplifying circuit (3), an AD converting circuit (4) and a singlechip (5) which are sequentially connected, wherein the singlechip is also respectively connected with a control motor output circuit (6), a sound and light alarm circuit (7) and a prewarning display circuit (8); the photoelectric sensors are used for detecting fume concentration of the air in the tunnel;the band-pass filtering circuit is used for performing de-noising and interference removing for fume concentration detection electrical signals, so as to obtain filtering signals; the amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the filtering signals to obtain simulation signals; the AD converting circuit is used for converting the simulation signals into digital signals; the singlechip is used for analysis and processing of received digital signals so as to realize comparing with a fume concentration set value; and when the fume concentration measured value exceeds a set value, the singlechip respectively starts a tunnel blower and the sound and light alarm through the control motor output circuit, the sound and light alarm circuit and the prewarning display circuit, and prewarning information is displayed on a lattice screen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vcehicular tunnel flue dust detects and ventilation unit.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the develop rapidly of highway communication cause, a large amount of vcehicular tunnels are used widely.Vcehicular tunnel is when making huge contribution for national economy, and it is more and more outstanding that the safety problem of its operation also seems.Dust concentration in the tunnel exceeds standard and usually can bring out serious traffic hazard, and the traffic hazard that takes place frequently will cause great life and/or property loss to society and individual.How to effectively prevent the generation of traffic hazard in the vcehicular tunnel, become tunnel construction person and network operator presses for the problem of solution.
The formation reason of flue dust is to have ponding and dust in vcehicular tunnel, when temperature raises in the vcehicular tunnel, surface gathered water is met thermal evaporation, after the tunnel upper air is met cold liquefaction, forms water smoke on the one hand, meet with dust on the one hand, formed bigger solid particle.Especially under southern moist climate, the vcehicular tunnel internal-external temperature difference is bigger, and a large amount of dischargings of vehicle exhaust make the dust concentration in the vcehicular tunnel increase, and have reduced driver and conductor's sight line visibility, very easily cause traffic hazard.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above at the highway communication existence, the invention provides a kind of vcehicular tunnel flue dust detects and ventilation unit, for detection of the dust concentration in the vcehicular tunnel, and when dust concentration in the vcehicular tunnel exceeds standard and influences the driver and conductor and drive a vehicle sight line, in time open ventilating system, remind driver's Reduced Speed Now by audible-visual annunciator, reach the alertness that improves the driving personnel, the purpose that reduces the traffic hazard generation with this.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
A kind of vcehicular tunnel flue dust detects and ventilation unit, be included in the photoelectric sensor that multiple spot is installed in the vcehicular tunnel, it is characterized in that: also comprise the bandwidth-limited circuit, amplifying circuit, A/D convertor circuit and the single-chip microcomputer that are electrically connected successively, described single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with control motor output circuit, sound light alarming circuit and early warning display circuit respectively again.Wherein, described photoelectric sensor is for detection of airborne dust concentration in the tunnel, and described bandwidth-limited circuit is used for the current signal that dust concentration detects is carried out de-noising and except disturbing, obtains filtering signal; Described amplifying circuit is used for filtering signal is amplified, and obtains simulating signal; Described A/D convertor circuit is used for analog signal conversion is become digital signal; After described single-chip microcomputer receives digital signal, carry out analyzing and processing according to its internal processes, compare with the dust concentration value of setting.When the dust concentration in the vcehicular tunnel surpasses the dust concentration value of this setting, the described control motor of described Single-chip Controlling output circuit, sound light alarming circuit and early warning display circuit, start tunnel blower fan and audible-visual annunciator respectively, and show early warning information at the dot matrix screen.
For implementation structure optimization, improve combination property of the present invention, further measure of the present invention is:
Described photoelectric sensor is infrared tube type photoelectric sensor, and it comprises paired optical transmitting set and optical receiver.
Described bandwidth-limited circuit is in series successively by second order high-pass filtering circuit and second-order low-pass filter circuit, and described high-pass filtering circuit and low-pass filter circuit are by OP07 amplifier chip and resistance and electric capacity composition, and its band connection frequency is adjustable.
The amplifier model that described amplifying circuit adopts is AD620.
The AD converter chip that described A/D convertor circuit adopts is TLC1543.
The chip of described single-chip microcomputer is AT89S52, and its peripheral circuit also comprises memory circuit and resets and crystal oscillating circuit.The storage chip that described memory circuit adopts is 24C02.
Described control motor output circuit is used for the control ventilating system, and this ventilating system comprises described tunnel blower fan and corresponding motor.
The present invention utilizes the characteristic of photoelectric sensor, send Ray Of Light from optical transmitting set, because scattering and the refraction action of air dust in the vcehicular tunnel, the photosignal that arrives corresponding optical receiver can be exported proportional current signal along with the size variation of dust concentration in the vcehicular tunnel at last, be converted into digital signal through filter filtering, amplifier amplification and AD converter again, it is read in the central processing unit single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer carries out analyzing and processing to digital signal.When dust concentration did not influence traffic and normally moves, ventilating system, audible-visual annunciator all were failure to actuate, and the dot matrix screen shows " traffic is normal ".When dust concentration exceeds standard, the Single-chip Controlling ventilating system is carried out the air draft action, audible-visual annunciator starts, show " flue dust is arranged; ask Reduced Speed Now in the tunnel, take care " at the dot matrix at tunnel portal place screen, can remind driver's driving of slowing down like this, reduce the driving danger in the tunnel, eliminated the dangerous hidden danger that exists.
The useful technique effect that the present invention produces compared to existing technology is:
1. install in the long vcehicular tunnel during the present invention is useful in and use, completion the blank of flue dust warning in the vcehicular tunnel.
2. when in vcehicular tunnel, flue dust being arranged, remind driver's Reduced Speed Now, reduce dangerous.
3. existing sound and light alarm prompting has dot matrix screen display alarm again, double insurance.
4. system reaches Automatic Control, early warning at any time, and can automatically terminate dangerous hidden danger.
5. simple in structure, easy for installation, cost is low, and cost performance is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system principle diagram of vcehicular tunnel flue dust detection of the present invention and ventilation unit;
Fig. 2 is the system software workflow diagram of vcehicular tunnel flue dust detection of the present invention and ventilation unit;
Fig. 3 detects for vcehicular tunnel flue dust of the present invention and the hardware of ventilation unit connects overall layout chart;
Fig. 4 is signal filter circuit of the present invention and amplification circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 is AD conversion of the present invention, control and early warning output display circuit figure.
Among the figure: 1-photoelectric sensor, 2-bandwidth-limited circuit, 3-amplifying circuit, 4-AD change-over circuit, the 5-single-chip microcomputer, 6-control motor output circuit, 7-sound light alarming circuit, 8-early warning display circuit, 9-memory circuit, 10-reset and crystal oscillating circuit, 11-tunnel blower fan, 12-dot matrix screen.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the system principle diagram of vcehicular tunnel flue dust detection of the present invention and ventilation unit.As shown in Figure 1, this vcehicular tunnel flue dust detection and ventilation unit comprise optical transmitting set, optical receiver, photoelectric sensor, bandpass filter, amplifier, AD converter, single-chip microcomputer, ventilating system and audible-visual annunciator and LCDs.Wherein, optical transmitting set and optical receiver multiple spot in couples are installed in the vcehicular tunnel, and photoelectric sensor detects airborne dust concentration in the tunnel.Photoelectric sensor, bandpass filter, amplifier, AD converter, single-chip microcomputer are electrically connected successively, single-chip microcomputer is connected with ventilating system, audible-visual annunciator and LCDs respectively more then, single-chip microcomputer is used for control ventilating system, audible-visual annunciator and LCDs, start tunnel blower fan and audible-visual annunciator respectively, and show early warning information at the dot matrix screen.
Fig. 2 is the system software workflow diagram of vcehicular tunnel flue dust detection of the present invention and ventilation unit.Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, be installed in the signal that dust concentration changes in the air in the photoelectric sensor induction tunnel in the vcehicular tunnel, detect the electric signal that dust concentration obtains, carry out de-noising and except disturbing, obtain filtering signal through bandwidth-limited circuit.Then, amplify through amplifier AD620 again, obtain a simulating signal of being convenient to handle.This simulating signal is admitted to AD converter TLC1543, is converted into digital signal through AD.Digital signal is admitted to single chip computer AT 89S52 chip, and single chip computer AT 89S52 chip carries out analyzing and processing after receiving signal from photoelectric sensor, compares with the dust concentration value that sets.When the measured value of dust concentration during less than setting value, dust concentration is normal in the expression vcehicular tunnel, need not to ventilate, and ventilating system and audible-visual annunciator are not worked.When the measured value of dust concentration exceeds setting value, single chip computer AT 89S52 chip controls LED lamp and hummer carry out sound and light alarm, single chip computer AT 89S52 chip controls relay is connected simultaneously, the entry into service of control motor output circuit control motor, carry out smoke-discharging and ventilating by the tunnel blower fan, slowly reduce the dust concentration in the vcehicular tunnel, dot matrix screen flicker simultaneously shows the information warning such as " flue dust being arranged; ask Reduced Speed Now in the tunnel; take care ", allow people recognize in the tunnel situation that takes place, reduce travel speed, thereby avoid causing because sight line is unclear traffic hazard.When being lower than setting value when the dust concentration reduction, motor shuts down, and LED lamp and hummer stop sound and light alarm, and the dot matrix screen shows " traffic is normal ".
Among the present invention reset and crystal oscillating circuit is used for guaranteeing that single-chip microcomputer reliablely and stablely works.Also can be recorded to concrete numerical value, the time of this concentration over-standard on the storage chip when dust concentration exceeds standard, flue dust generation reason provides foundation in the tunnel in order to analyze.
The present invention adopts the automatic Detection ﹠ Controling of total system, and the personnel that need not monitor in real time, have saved manpower; Blower fan does not need to work long hours yet simultaneously, has reduced energy consumption, has prolonged the serviceable life of blower fan.
Fig. 3 detects for vcehicular tunnel flue dust of the present invention and the hardware of ventilation unit connects overall layout chart.As shown in Figure 3, according to signal processing sequence, the present invention includes the photoelectric sensor 1, bandwidth-limited circuit 2, amplifying circuit 3, A/D convertor circuit 4 and the single-chip microcomputer 5 that are electrically connected successively, single-chip microcomputer 5 is electrically connected with control motor output circuit 6, sound light alarming circuit 7 and early warning display circuit 8 respectively again.In addition, the peripheral circuit of single-chip microcomputer 5 also comprises memory circuit 9, resets and crystal oscillating circuit 10.
Bandwidth-limited circuit 2 of the present invention is in series successively by second order high-pass filtering circuit and second-order low-pass filter circuit, and high-pass filtering circuit and low-pass filter circuit are by OP07 amplifier chip and resistance and electric capacity composition.The signal that 2 pairs of photoelectric sensors 1 of bandwidth-limited circuit are gathered carries out filtering to be handled, and isolates the flue dust signal, filters clutter.Bandwidth-limited circuit of the present invention uses infrared tube type photoelectric sensor, according to soot dust granule in the air what, light is in the laggard light intensity size of going into light receiving tube of scattering refraction, measures airborne dust concentration.
Amplifying circuit 3 of the present invention adopts instrumentation amplifier chip AD620, filtered feeble signal is amplified, to reach the magnitude of voltage that single-chip microcomputer can be handled.
A/D convertor circuit of the present invention adopts the TLC1543AD conversion chip, the signal after amplifying is carried out modulus handle.
The present invention adopts the AT89S52 singlechip chip as processor, whether reach the dust concentration value that designs in the program according to the signal voltage size that transmits, control motor by relay control forceful electric power, realization is to the start and stop control of FD tunnel blower fan, thereby to ventilating in the vcehicular tunnel, get rid of the flue dust in the tunnel, solve its issuable hidden danger.
Sound light alarming circuit 7 of the present invention is to start when dust concentration surpasses the setting value that allows in the tunnel, the flicker of LED lamp and hummer are rung, the driving personnel that enter in the tunnel are reminded, prevent driver's scorch in the tunnel blindly, avoid taking place unnecessary traffic hazard.
Early warning display circuit 8 of the present invention is to carry out dot matrix according to the flue dust situation in the tunnel to show.When the dust concentration in the tunnel was lower than setting value, the dot matrix screen showed " traffic is normal ", " all are normal in the tunnel " or " the place ahead transportation condition is good ".And when dust concentration exceeded standard, the dot matrix screen showed " flue dust is arranged in the tunnel, ask Reduced Speed Now, take care ".Like this, just be combined the effect of having played dual caution with sound and light alarm.
Fig. 4 is signal filter circuit of the present invention and amplification circuit diagram.Referring to Fig. 4, enter bandwidth-limited circuit 2 from the photo-sensor signal will C1 (1) of photoelectric sensor 1.Bandwidth-limited circuit 2 is in series successively by second order high-pass filtering circuit and second-order low-pass filter circuit, high-pass filtering circuit and low-pass filter circuit are by OP07 amplifier chip and corresponding resistance and electric capacity composition, and its band connection frequency is adjustable, plays the effect of bandpass filtering.Amplifying circuit 3 is made up of AD620 amplifier chip and relevant capacitance resistance, the feeble signal from photoelectric sensor is amplified, thereby meet design requirement.
Fig. 5 is AD conversion of the present invention, control and early warning output display circuit figure, there is shown A/D convertor circuit 4, single-chip microcomputer 5, control motor output circuit 6, sound light alarming circuit 7, early warning display circuit 8, and memory circuit 9, resets and crystal oscillating circuit 10.Wherein, the analog signal conversion that A/D convertor circuit 4 is sent photoelectric sensor here becomes digital signal, and the chip of AD converter is TLC1543.Singlechip chip is AT89S53, it is central processing unit of the present invention, analyze and handle photo-sensor signal will, and make a response, respectively to control motor output circuit 6, sound light alarming circuit 7, early warning display circuit 8, memory circuit 9, reset and crystal oscillating circuit 10 carries out corresponding control.The motor that control motor output circuit 6 uses by relay, carries out light current to the control of forceful electric power as FD tunnel blower fan 11.Sound light alarming circuit 7 comprises LED lamp and hummer BUZ1, carries out sound and light alarm when the dust concentration in the tunnel exceeds standard.Early warning display circuit 8, when the dust concentration in the tunnel exceeds standard, early warning display circuit 8 control dot matrix screens 12 show early warning information, as " flue dust being arranged; ask Reduced Speed Now in the tunnel; take care ", can remind people to note flue dust situation in the tunnel so intuitively, employed dot matrix screen is commercial dot matrix screen.Time and the alarm times of reporting to the police in 9 pairs of tunnels of memory circuit are carried out record, and the chip that uses is the 24C02 storage chip.The present invention also comprises the miniperipheral circuit of single-chip microcomputer, namely reset and crystal oscillating circuit 10, it can guarantee that single-chip microcomputer reliablely and stablely works, also can be recorded to concrete numerical value, the time of this concentration over-standard on the storage chip when dust concentration exceeds standard, flue dust generation reason provides foundation in the tunnel in order to analyze.
Principle of work of the present invention is: utilize photoelectric effect, send Ray Of Light from optical transmitting set, because airborne flue dust is to scattering of light and refraction action, the photosignal that arrives optical receiver at last can be exported the electric signal of corresponding proportion along with the variation of dust concentration size in the tunnel.This device will detect the solid-liquid body concentration of suspended particles of tunnel internal air in the inner uniform stationing sampling of the vcehicular tunnel more than a kilometer.This device preestablishes threshold value in single-chip microcomputer, after measured value surpasses predetermined threshold value, and sound and light alarm, and by LCD display demonstration early warning information, remind the driver, the ventilating system of opening simultaneously in the tunnel is carried out dust removal by ventilation.When the concentration of smog, dust is reduced to normal range, all clear, ventilating system is out of service automatically.The use of this device will reduce the traffic hazard odds, improve the travel safety in the vcehicular tunnel.
Claims (7)
1. a vcehicular tunnel flue dust detects and ventilation unit, be included in the photoelectric sensor (1) that multiple spot is installed in the vcehicular tunnel, it is characterized in that: also comprise the bandwidth-limited circuit (2), amplifying circuit (3), A/D convertor circuit (4) and the single-chip microcomputer (5) that are electrically connected successively, described single-chip microcomputer (5) is electrically connected with control motor output circuit (6), sound light alarming circuit (7) and early warning display circuit (8) respectively again; Wherein, described photoelectric sensor (1) is for detection of airborne dust concentration in the tunnel, and described bandwidth-limited circuit (2) is used for the current signal that dust concentration detects is carried out de-noising and except disturbing, obtains filtering signal; Described amplifying circuit (3) is used for filtering signal is amplified, and obtains simulating signal; Described A/D convertor circuit (4) is used for analog signal conversion is become digital signal; After described single-chip microcomputer (5) receives digital signal, carry out analyzing and processing according to its internal processes, compare with the dust concentration value of setting; When the dust concentration in the vcehicular tunnel surpasses the dust concentration value of this setting, described single-chip microcomputer (5) control described control motor output circuit (6), sound light alarming circuit (7) and early warning display circuit (8), start tunnel blower fan (11) and audible-visual annunciator respectively, and show early warning information at dot matrix screen (12).
2. vcehicular tunnel flue dust according to claim 1 detects and ventilation unit, and it is characterized in that: described photoelectric sensor (1) is infrared tube type photoelectric sensor, and it comprises paired optical transmitting set and optical receiver.
3. vcehicular tunnel flue dust according to claim 2 detects and ventilation unit, it is characterized in that: described bandwidth-limited circuit (2) is in series successively by second order high-pass filtering circuit and second-order low-pass filter circuit, described high-pass filtering circuit and low-pass filter circuit are by OP07 amplifier chip and resistance and electric capacity composition, and its band connection frequency is adjustable.
4. vcehicular tunnel flue dust according to claim 3 detects and ventilation unit, it is characterized in that: the amplifier model that described amplifying circuit (3) adopts is AD620.
5. vcehicular tunnel flue dust according to claim 4 detects and ventilation unit, it is characterized in that: the AD converter chip that described A/D convertor circuit (4) adopts is TLC1543.
6. detect and ventilation unit according to each described vcehicular tunnel flue dust of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the chip of described single-chip microcomputer (5) is AT89S52, its peripheral circuit also comprises memory circuit (9) and resets and crystal oscillating circuit (10) that the storage chip that described memory circuit (9) adopts is 24C02.
7. vcehicular tunnel flue dust according to claim 6 detects and ventilation unit, it is characterized in that: described control motor output circuit (6) is used for the control ventilating system, and this ventilating system comprises described tunnel blower fan (11) and corresponding motor.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104533499A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-04-22 | 贵州现代物流工程技术研究有限责任公司 | Intelligent expressway tunnel ventilation device and intelligent expressway tunnel ventilation method |
CN104849182A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-19 | 莱克电气绿能科技(苏州)有限公司 | Digital display structure used for air purifier and air purifier |
CN109033675A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-18 | 桂林航天工业学院 | Critical point of wind of Extra-long Highway Tunnel circulating ventilation system compares determination method |
CN111643991A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-09-11 | 中核华纬工程设计研究有限公司 | Raise dust check out test set and dust fall of building site environment regulation and control spray equipment and system |
CN111785084A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-16 | 诠航科技有限公司 | Tunnel patrol machine |
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CN2233610Y (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 1996-08-21 | 郭先福 | Radio automatic alarm intelligent fire extinguisher |
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CN111643991A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-09-11 | 中核华纬工程设计研究有限公司 | Raise dust check out test set and dust fall of building site environment regulation and control spray equipment and system |
CN111785084A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-16 | 诠航科技有限公司 | Tunnel patrol machine |
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Application publication date: 20130904 |