CN103272415A - Filtering system and filtering method - Google Patents
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- CN103272415A CN103272415A CN2013101777003A CN201310177700A CN103272415A CN 103272415 A CN103272415 A CN 103272415A CN 2013101777003 A CN2013101777003 A CN 2013101777003A CN 201310177700 A CN201310177700 A CN 201310177700A CN 103272415 A CN103272415 A CN 103272415A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a filtering system and a filtering method. The filtering system comprises a shell, a water inlet valve, a water outlet valve, a direct flushing inlet valve, a direct flushing drain valve, a first back flushing inlet valve, a second back flushing inlet valve, and a back flushing drain valve, wherein the shell comprises a filter layer; the filter layer partitions inside of the shell into an upper shell and a lower shell; a raw water pump is connected with the upper shell through the water inlet valve; the lower shell is connected with a water outlet through the water outlet valve; a back flushing pump is connected with the upper shell through the direct flushing inlet valve; the lower shell is connected with an exhaust port through the direct flushing drain valve; the back flushing pump is connected with the lower shell through the first back flushing inlet valve; the raw water pump is connected with the lower shell through the second back flushing inlet valve; and the upper shell is connected with the exhaust port through the back flushing drain valve. By adopting the filtering system and the filtering method, two-way direct and reverse flushing of the filter layer by utilizing the raw water and the recovered water is effectively achieved. Thus, effective and high-quality cleaning of the filter layer is achieved; and consumption of raw water caused by flushing is greatly saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of filtration system and filter method, relate in particular to a kind of filtration system for water filtration and filter method.
Background technology
In the pure water preparation process, generally need water inlet, as running water, well water, lake water or underground water, preliminary treatment is done by system by multi-medium filtering, to remove suspension or the colloidal state impurity of water inlet, the absorption oil impurities makes clarification of water, reduce pollution index (Silting Density Index, SDI) value.Filtrate commonly used has quartz sand, anthracite, and manganese sand etc. are mainly used in the water treatment turbidity removal, the prime preliminary treatment of demineralized water, pure water pretreated water etc.Be called pretreated water through the former water after the more medium filter processing.
A typical multi-medium filtering system is filled by the multilayer filtrate and forms, and top layer is made up of the material of the lightest and crude product level, and material the heaviest and the thinnest grade is placed on bottom the filtration system.Equipment is pressure type, its principle be Dang Yuanshui from top to bottom when the filtrate, suspension in the water since absorption and mechanical choked flow effect be retained down by the filtering layer surface; When current advance in the middle of the filtering layer, because it is tightr that the sand grains in the filter material layer is arranged, make that particulate has more opportunity and sand grains to collide in the water, so flocculation material, suspension and sand grain surface adhere to mutually in the water, impurity is trapped in the filter material layer in the water, thus the water quality that obtains clarifying.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the defective at prior art, a kind of filtration system and filter method are provided, with realization filter course is utilized forward and the back flush of former water and recycle-water, thereby realize the effective and high-quality cleaning to filter course, save the consumption of cleaning former water.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of filtration system, described filtration system comprises:
Housing has filter course in the described housing, and described filter course will be divided into upper shell and lower house in the described housing;
Raw water pump, backwashing pump, delivery port and waste discharge mouth;
Water intaking valve, described raw water pump is connected with described upper shell by described water intaking valve, and when described water intaking valve is opened, described raw water pump will filter with former water or clean and inject described upper shell with former water by described water intaking valve;
Outlet valve, described lower house is connected with described delivery port by described outlet valve, when described outlet valve was opened, described filtration was filtered the pretreated water that the back generates with former water through described filter course, discharged through described delivery port by described outlet valve from described lower house;
Just washing water intaking valve, described backwashing pump is connected with described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing, and described when just washing water intaking valve and opening, described backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing;
Just washing draining valve, described lower house is connected with described waste discharge mouth by the described draining valve of just washing, described when just washing draining valve and opening, the described cleaning that described water intaking valve enters is with former water or describedly just washing the described cleaning recycle-water that water intaking valve enters, clean the back through described filter course forward and generate the forward rinse water, discharge through described waste discharge mouth by the described draining valve of just washing from described lower house;
The first backwash water intaking valve, described backwashing pump is connected with described lower house by the described first backwash water intaking valve, and when the described first backwash water intaking valve was opened, described backwashing pump entered described lower house with recycle-water by the described first backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning;
The second backwash water intaking valve, described raw water pump is connected with described lower house with the described first backwash water intaking valve by the described second backwash water intaking valve, when the described second backwash water intaking valve was opened, described raw water pump entered described lower house with former water by the described second backwash water intaking valve and the described first backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning;
The backwash draining valve, described upper shell is connected with described waste discharge mouth by described backwash draining valve, when described backwash draining valve is opened, the former water of described cleaning that the described cleaning that the described first backwash water intaking valve enters enters with recycle-water or the described second backwash water intaking valve, oppositely clean the back through described filter course and generate reverse rinse water, discharge through described waste discharge mouth by described backwash draining valve from described upper shell.
Optionally, the described second backwash water intaking valve is connected with described lower house by the described first backwash water intaking valve.
Optionally, the described second backwash water intaking valve is connected with described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing.
Optionally, described filtration system also comprises the collection water tank, is connected with described backwashing pump, is used for holding described cleaning recycle-water.
Optionally, described water intaking valve, outlet valve, just wash water intaking valve, just to wash draining valve, the first backwash water intaking valve, the second backwash water intaking valve and backwash draining valve be electric two-way valve.
Optionally, described water intaking valve, outlet valve, just wash water intaking valve, just to wash draining valve, the first backwash water intaking valve, the second backwash water intaking valve and backwash draining valve be pneumatic two-port valve.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of filter method, described method comprises:
When the first backwash water intaking valve is opened, backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter lower house by the first backwash water intaking valve; When the backwash draining valve is opened, clean with recycle-water and oppositely clean the reverse rinse water of back generation through filter course, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by the backwash draining valve from upper shell;
When just washing water intaking valve and opening, backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter upper shell by just washing water intaking valve; When just washing draining valve and open, clean and clean the back with recycle-water through the filter course forward and generate the forward rinse water, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by just washing draining valve from lower house;
When the second backwash water intaking valve is opened, raw water pump will clean with former water and enter lower house by the second backwash water intaking valve; When the backwash draining valve is opened, clean with former water and oppositely clean the reverse rinse water of back generation through filter course, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by the backwash draining valve from upper shell;
When just washing draining valve and open, raw water pump will clean with former water and inject described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of opening, and clean with former water and clean back generation forward rinse water through the filter course forward, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by just washing draining valve from lower house;
When water intaking valve is opened, raw water pump will filter with former water and inject upper shell by described water intaking valve; When outlet valve is opened, filter with former water and filter the pretreated water that the back generates through filter course, discharge through delivery port by outlet valve from lower house.
Optionally, described raw water pump enters described lower house with former water by the described second backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning, be specially, described raw water pump enters described lower house with former water by the described second backwash water intaking valve and the described first backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning.
Optionally, described backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing, and be specially, and described backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter described upper shell from collecting water tank by the described water intaking valve of just washing.
Optionally, described backwashing pump enters described lower house with recycle-water by the described first backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning, is specially, and described backwashing pump enters described lower house from collecting water tank by the described first backwash water intaking valve with recycle-water with described cleaning.
Filtration system of the present invention and filter method have effectively been realized utilizing former water and recycle-water to carry out two-way forward and back flush to filter course, thereby realize the effective and high-quality cleaning to filter course, save the consumption of cleaning former water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of filtration system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of filter method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of filtration system of the present invention, as shown in the figure, present embodiment specifically comprises: housing 1, filter course 10, raw water pump 2, backwashing pump 3, delivery port 4, waste discharge mouth 5, water intaking valve 60, outlet valve 61, just wash water intaking valve 62, just wash draining valve 63, the first backwash water intaking valve 64, the second backwash water intaking valve 65 and backwash draining valve 66.
Filter course is arranged in housing, and filter course will be divided into upper shell 11 and lower house 12 in the housing.
Concrete, the second backwash water intaking valve 65 can be connected with lower house 12 by the first backwash water intaking valve 64.And the second backwash water intaking valve 65 can be connected with described upper shell 11 by just washing water intaking valve 62.
Again as shown in Figure 1, filtration system also comprises collects water tank 7, is connected with backwashing pump 3, is used for holding cleaning and uses recycle-water.
The filtration system of present embodiment can be to water inlet, and for example running water, well water, lake water or underground water are done preliminary treatment by more medium filter, and to remove suspension or the colloidal state impurity of water inlet, the absorption oil impurities makes clarification of water, reduces the SDI value.Filter course 10 media commonly used can be quartz sand, anthracite, manganese sand etc., are mainly used in former water treatment turbidity removal, the prime preliminary treatment of demineralized water, pretreated water etc., and delivery turbidity can reach below 3 degree.
The filter course of present embodiment can be more medium filter, is filled by the multilayer filtrate to form, and top layer is made up of the material of the lightest and crude product level, and material the heaviest and the thinnest grade is placed on filter bottom.Filtration system is pressure type, and its principle is Dang Yuanshui from top to bottom during the filtrate by filter course, suspension in the former water since absorption and mechanical choked flow effect be retained down by the filtering layer surface; When former current enter in the middle of the filter course, because it is tightr that the sand grains in the filter course is arranged, make that particulate has more opportunity and sand grains to collide in the water, flocculation material, suspension and sand grain surface adhere to mutually in the water, impurity is trapped in the filter course in the water, thereby obtains clarifying the pretreated water of water quality.Pretreated water after filtering goes out aqueous suspension can be below 5 mg/litre.
Because use the filter course of more medium filter realization in actual use, after using some cycles, its filter material layer is held back and is adsorbed a certain amount of foreign material and spot, this descends the effluent quality of filter, the pressure differential of water inlet and outlet conduit increases, simultaneously, the flow of filter reduces, and influences the effluent characteristics of counter-infiltration pretreated water preparation facilities subsequent components such as reverse osmosis membrane.Therefore, can use former water or recycle-water to carry out forward and back flush, thereby make whole filtration system can realize continuously, work reliably.
Water intaking valve 60, outlet valve 61, just wash water intaking valve 62, just wash draining valve 63, the first backwash water intaking valve 64, the second backwash water intaking valve 65 and backwash draining valve 66 and be electric two-way valve or pneumatic two-port valve.And by controller, for example (Programmable Logic Controller PLC) controls the master control programmable logic controller (PLC).Need filter course from extraneous configuration driven pneumatic two-port valve desired compression air or nitrogen, still can draw an on/off (ON/OFF) electric signal and give main control PLC, accept the control of main control PLC.
Concrete, as shown in table 1 by the logic control table of PLC.
Table 1
Former water is just being washed under the state, and when the water intaking valve of frequent use broke down, former water also can and just washed water intaking valve by the second backwash water intaking valve and enter upper shell.This process can be used as and substitutes the standby control logic that former water is just being washed.
What beat √ is the opening valve, does not beat the expression closed condition valve of √.Also can be checked the duty of each valve or water pump by main control PLC, arrange, not close if should close, maybe should open and do not open, produce abnormal alarm signal prompt artificial treatment.
Concrete, the duty of filtration system is described as follows:
Can set the scavenging period of filter course, for example per 12 hours washing and filtering layers once.Also can utilize detector to detect, wash when reaching detection threshold, and before and after the flushing, filtration system is in normal operation duty, produces pretreated water.
Concrete, at the inlet tube and outlet tube place of the filter course of filtration system differential pressure pickup, more medium filter impurity severe obstruction are installed, then pressure reduction increases, surpass the threshold pressure differential of setting, trigger spreading out of electric signal to main control PLC, thereby whether wash operation by PLC controlled filter layer.The SDI instrumentation perhaps is installed in the water side, and whether the water outlet that detects filter course satisfies the water inlet requirement of reverse osmosis module, arranges in main control PLC, and greater than threshold value (as SDI〉3), then the controlled filter system enters the flushing state from duty.
1, operation is filtered: open raw water pump, water intaking valve and outlet valve.Filter and enter upper shell by raw water pump by water intaking valve with former water, pass through filter course from top to bottom, the mechanical filter of finishing former water generates pretreated water and enters lower house, exports from delivery port 4 by outlet valve.
2, recycle-water back flush: in the filter course flushing process, most important recycle-water back flush, after flushing enters lower house by backwashing pump from the first backwash water intaking valve of filter course bottom with recycle-water, pass through filter course inside from the bottom up, with filter course particularly the dirt held back of upper strata filtrate flow out by sewage draining exit from the backwash draining valve on top, recover the filter capacity of filter course.Each backwash duration was generally 10--15 minute, can artificially set the recycle-water backwash duration.
3, recycle-water forward flushing: the flushing process of filter course also needs the forward flushing, wash water is just washed water intaking valve suction upper shell by backwashing pump from filter course top, thereby enter filter course, pass through filter course inside from top to bottom, clean the filtrate of filter course, discharge by the waste discharge mouth from the draining valve of just washing of bottom at last.Each recycle-water backwash duration was generally 5-10 minute, was shorter than the recycle-water backwash time usually, can be by artificial setting.
Because recycle-water such as the dense glassware for drinking water of first-stage reverse osmosis have higher TDS value mostly, water quality is less than former water, in the recycle-water backwash process, can cause the filtrate of filter course saturated because of the absorption salinity, reduce water quality, therefore between raw water pump and the first backwash water intaking valve, increase the second backwash water intaking valve newly, the control of use main control PLC, be implemented in utilize the second road recycle-water flushing water source dense water of first-stage reverse osmosis just washed as using, after the backwash, realize positive and negative the washing of the former water of the first via, thereby realize the two-way flushing in two-way water source.
4, former water back flush: main purpose is for using the upper strata filtrate of former water back flush filtering layer, avoid because of recycle-water water quality not good, as reclaiming the filtrate salinity saturation problem of using the dense water of first-stage reverse osmosis to cause.Clean with former water and pass through the second backwash water intaking valve by raw water pump, by the first backwash water intaking valve, enter from the filter course bottom again, pass through filter course inside from the bottom up, go out from backwash draining valve and the waste discharge mouth on top at last.Each former water backwash duration generally is shorter than the time of recycle-water backwash, or artificial the setting.
5, former water is just washed: draining pump will clean with former water and enter upper shell by water intaking valve, by entering from the filter course upper strata, pass through filter course inside from top to bottom, at last from the bottom just wash draining valve and the waste discharge mouth is gone out.The each 3--10 of washing time minute, its objective is bringing the impurity subpunch of secondary pollution to lavage to filter course possibly in the flushing process, close then and just wash draining valve, open outlet valve, for follow-up reverse osmosis module provides qualified former water.
In actual the use, arrange by the PLC program, but also two-way wash water positive and negative washing repeatedly alternately, repeatedly carry out, is particularly suitable for when filter course needs repairing, and just washing as the final step that washes with former water.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of filter method of the present invention, and as shown in the figure, present embodiment comprises the steps:
This process is the recycle-water backwash process.
This process is that recycle-water is just being washed process.
This process is former water backwash process.
This process is that former water is just being washed process.
This process is the normal course of work.
On the technology, the PLC program is set, carries out general every day of 1--2 time flushing operation by following 30 minutes processing steps:
Step 1: recycle-water backwash 15 minutes;
Step 2: recycle-water was just being washed 5 minutes;
Step 3: former water backwash 5 minutes;
Step 4: former water is just being washed 5 minutes (also can control automatically according to the SDI instrument of installing on the outlet pipeline);
Step 5: normal operation.
Realize former water to the backwash of filter course and just washing that the water of recycling can be used as the second tunnel recycle-water to filter course enforcement backwash and just washing as the dense water of first-stage reverse osmosis of low turbidity by PLC control.Arrange by PLC that logical recycle-water and Tong Yuanshui carry out backwash or time of just washing is adjustable, alternately repeatedly carry out, logical former water is just washing into whole flushing work at last, uses recycle-water to wash the filtrate salinity saturation problem that may cause fully to remedy.
By by-pass valve control and pump are set in the main control PLC, realize full-automatic unmanned operation on duty, the operating time that each flushing is handled, also can be solidificated among the PLC by manually rule of thumb determining.As above routine technological process can be saved the former water consumption 66.7% of flushing, improves whole reverse osmose pure-water preparation facilities water-saving rate about 10%.
The professional should further recognize, unit and the algorithm steps of each example of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, for the interchangeability of hardware and software clearly is described, composition and the step of each example described in general manner according to function in the above description.These functions still are that software mode is carried out with hardware actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.The professional and technical personnel can specifically should be used for using distinct methods to realize described function to each, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The method of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can use the software module of hardware, processor execution, and perhaps the combination of the two is implemented.Software module can place the storage medium of any other form known in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only storage (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or the technical field.
The above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; and be not intended to limit the scope of the invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a filtration system is characterized in that, described filtration system comprises:
Housing has filter course in the described housing, and described filter course will be divided into upper shell and lower house in the described housing;
Raw water pump, backwashing pump, delivery port and waste discharge mouth;
Water intaking valve, described raw water pump is connected with described upper shell by described water intaking valve, and when described water intaking valve is opened, described raw water pump will filter with former water or clean and inject described upper shell with former water by described water intaking valve;
Outlet valve, described lower house is connected with described delivery port by described outlet valve, when described outlet valve was opened, described filtration was filtered the pretreated water that the back generates with former water through described filter course, discharged through described delivery port by described outlet valve from described lower house;
Just washing water intaking valve, described backwashing pump is connected with described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing, and described when just washing water intaking valve and opening, described backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing;
Just washing draining valve, described lower house is connected with described waste discharge mouth by the described draining valve of just washing, described when just washing draining valve and opening, the described cleaning that described water intaking valve enters is with former water or describedly just washing the described cleaning recycle-water that water intaking valve enters, clean the back through described filter course forward and generate the forward rinse water, discharge through described waste discharge mouth by the described draining valve of just washing from described lower house;
The first backwash water intaking valve, described backwashing pump is connected with described lower house by the described first backwash water intaking valve, and when the described first backwash water intaking valve was opened, described backwashing pump entered described lower house with recycle-water by the described first backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning;
The second backwash water intaking valve, described raw water pump is connected with described lower house by the described second backwash water intaking valve, and when the described second backwash water intaking valve was opened, described raw water pump entered described lower house with former water by the described second backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning;
The backwash draining valve, described upper shell is connected with described waste discharge mouth by described backwash draining valve, when described backwash draining valve is opened, the former water of described cleaning that the described cleaning that the described first backwash water intaking valve enters enters with recycle-water or the described second backwash water intaking valve, oppositely clean the back through described filter course and generate reverse rinse water, discharge through described waste discharge mouth by described backwash draining valve from described upper shell.
2. filtration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described second backwash water intaking valve is connected with described lower house by the described first backwash water intaking valve.
3. filtration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described second backwash water intaking valve is connected with described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing.
4. filtration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described filtration system also comprises the collection water tank, is connected with described backwashing pump, is used for holding described cleaning recycle-water.
5. filtration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described water intaking valve, outlet valve, just wash water intaking valve, just to wash draining valve, the first backwash water intaking valve, the second backwash water intaking valve and backwash draining valve be electric two-way valve.
6. filtration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described water intaking valve, outlet valve, just wash water intaking valve, just to wash draining valve, the first backwash water intaking valve, the second backwash water intaking valve and backwash draining valve be pneumatic two-port valve.
7. a filter method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
When the first backwash water intaking valve is opened, backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter lower house by the first backwash water intaking valve; When the backwash draining valve is opened, clean with recycle-water and oppositely clean the reverse rinse water of back generation through filter course, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by the backwash draining valve from upper shell;
When just washing water intaking valve and opening, backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter upper shell by just washing water intaking valve; When just washing draining valve and open, clean and clean the back with recycle-water through the filter course forward and generate the forward rinse water, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by just washing draining valve from lower house;
When the second backwash water intaking valve is opened, raw water pump will clean with former water and enter lower house by the second backwash water intaking valve; When the backwash draining valve is opened, clean with former water and oppositely clean the reverse rinse water of back generation through filter course, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by the backwash draining valve from upper shell;
When just washing draining valve and open, raw water pump will clean with former water and inject described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of opening, and clean with former water and clean back generation forward rinse water through the filter course forward, discharge through the waste discharge mouth by just washing draining valve from lower house;
When water intaking valve is opened, raw water pump will filter with former water and inject upper shell by described water intaking valve; When outlet valve is opened, filter with former water and filter the pretreated water that the back generates through filter course, discharge through delivery port by outlet valve from lower house.
8. filter method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described raw water pump enters described lower house with former water by the described second backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning, be specially, described raw water pump enters described lower house with former water by the described second backwash water intaking valve and the described first backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning.
9. filter method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter described upper shell by the described water intaking valve of just washing, and be specially, and described backwashing pump will clean with recycle-water and enter described upper shell from collecting water tank by the described water intaking valve of just washing.
10. filter method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described backwashing pump enters described lower house with recycle-water by the described first backwash water intaking valve with described cleaning, be specially, described backwashing pump enters described lower house from collecting water tank by the described first backwash water intaking valve with recycle-water with described cleaning.
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CN105366768B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2018-10-19 | 佛山市美的清湖净水设备有限公司 | Cleaning method of water purifying equipment |
US11426681B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2022-08-30 | Evolution Aqua Limited | Mechanical filter element, apparatus and method |
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CN108114514A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-06-05 | 安徽省高迪科技有限公司 | A kind of water purification quartz filter and its filter method |
USD946109S1 (en) | 2019-05-16 | 2022-03-15 | Evolution Aqua Limited | Water filter |
USD968559S1 (en) | 2019-05-16 | 2022-11-01 | Evolution Aqua Limited | Water filter |
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