CN103269166A - Frequency converter with pre-charging protection function - Google Patents
Frequency converter with pre-charging protection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN103269166A CN103269166A CN2013102113264A CN201310211326A CN103269166A CN 103269166 A CN103269166 A CN 103269166A CN 2013102113264 A CN2013102113264 A CN 2013102113264A CN 201310211326 A CN201310211326 A CN 201310211326A CN 103269166 A CN103269166 A CN 103269166A
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Abstract
The invention provides a frequency converter with a pre-charging protection function. The frequency converter with the pre-charging protection function comprises a main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a power supply end, a brake unit, a filter unit, an inverting unit and a pre-charging protection direct-current output unit, the input end of the pre-charging protection direct-current output unit is connected with the power supply end, a positive direct-current bus and a negative direct-current bus are arranged at the output end of the pre-charging protection direct-current output unit, and the pre-charging protection direct-current output unit comprises a positive protection branch which is connected between the positive end of the power supply end and the positive direct-current bus, used for positive breakover and can be switched off due to fusing of overcurrents and a negative branch which is connected between the positive end of the power supply end and the negative direct-current bus and used for reversed cut-off. The frequency converter with the pre-charging protection function has the advantages that due to the fact that a power supply can be cut off in a pre-charging process when a short circuit occurs to the bus of the frequency converter, the frequency converter is protected, electric arcs are avoided, secondary damage on originally-intact components or PCBs caused by the electric arcs is avoided, and downtime of equipment is reduced to the minimum degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frequency converter, be specifically related to have the frequency converter of precharge defencive function.
Background technology
Frequency converter is by computer (cpu controller) control power electronic device, industrial-frequency alternating current is become the electric equipment of the adjustable three-phase alternating current of frequency and voltage, in order to drive the frequency control that alternating current motor carries out continuously smooth.Frequency converter comprises main circuit and control circuit, and wherein the main circuit of traditional frequency converter is example with the three-phase alternating current inverter, as shown in Figure 1, comprises power end 1, rectification unit 2 ', precharge loop 4, brake unit 3, filter unit 5 and inversion unit 6.Rectification unit 2 ': forming full-wave bridge rectifier circuit by diode D1 '～D6 ', is Rectified alternating current with the industrial frequency AC electric rectification of importing; Precharge loop 4: formed by charging resistor R1 ' and K switch 1 '; Brake unit 3: when the motor of frequency converter driving stops fast, motor is in generating state, energy is got back on the dc bus after by the fly-wheel diode rectification on the IGBT, busbar voltage is raise, when direct voltage surpasses certain value, the IGBT V7 action of brake unit discharges this energy by external brake resistance, and DC bus-bar voltage is no longer risen; Filter unit 5: formed by filter capacitor C1, C2 and grading resistor RC1, RC2, Rectified alternating current is become more level and smooth direct current, for the inversion unit of back level; Inversion unit 6: being made up of IGBT V1～V6, is that frequency and the adjustable three-phase alternating current of voltage output to motor with dc inverter; In addition, control circuit provides control signal for main circuit, to finish the controls such as connection of circuit output adjusting, various protection, input/output interface.
Before frequency converter powers on, the direct voltage UDC=0 on the filter capacitor in the filter unit 5, thereby, at the frequency converter powered on moment, will there be a very big impulse current to flow to dc filter capacitor through rectification unit 2 '; The effect of charging resistor R1 ' is the impulse current of restriction power up, after busbar voltage UDC is charged to certain voltage, the time-delay or by control unit control switch K1 ' closure, charging resistor R1 ' is excised, directly to dc bus, charging resistor R1 ' and control switch K1 ' are called as the precharge loop to electric current by K1.But; when designing, 4 parts general frequency converter in precharge loop only considers the effect of its current limliting; do not have the protective effect to frequency converter; dust or foreign matter and moist are for example arranged on the bus; capacitance short-circuit; under the situation that brake resistance short circuit or IGBT have punctured; can cause bus short circuit phenomenon to occur; when powering on, frequency converter will produce big electric current on the bus; as continuing K1 ' is connected; this moment will directly flow through rectification unit 2 ' and the bus of frequency converter of short circuit current; cause the more macrolesion of frequency converter; produce big electric arc, original good device or pcb board may be damaged, form the secondary injury.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned prior art deficiency; the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides the frequency converter of a kind of difference and existing structure; make frequency converter when powering on, have the precharge defencive function; prevent from damaging frequency converter because of the dc bus short circuit; prevent that the big electric arc of conducting moment generation from causing the secondary injury to original intact device or pcb board, thereby drop to the downtime of equipment minimum.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: the frequency converter with precharge defencive function, comprise main circuit and be used for main circuit is provided the control circuit of control signal, described main circuit comprises power end, brake unit, filter unit and inversion unit; Also comprise precharge protection direct current output unit, the input of precharge protection direct current output unit is connected with power end, and the output of precharge protection direct current output unit is respectively equipped with positive direct-current bus and negative dc bus; Described precharge is protected the direct current output unit to comprise and is connected in being used for forward conduction and can protecting branch road because of the forward that overcurrent disconnects between power end anode and the positive direct-current bus, and is connected in the reverse branch road that being used between power end anode and the negative dc bus oppositely ends; Brake unit, filter unit and inversion unit all are connected between positive direct-current bus and the negative dc bus.Such structure can make when there has been short-circuit conditions in dc bus before powering on, and, stops to power on because forward protection branch road disconnects and power end and frequency converter are disconnected in the moment that powers on.
Further technical scheme is, but but described forward protection branch road comprises the control switch of diverter switch, fuse forward conduction and the triggering branch road of forward conduction; Control switch is connected across between power end anode and the positive direct-current bus; The common port of diverter switch by fuse with trigger branch road be connected in series to the power end anode, first end of diverter switch is connected to the positive direct-current bus, second end of diverter switch is connected to the control end of control switch.But such structure makes the control switch as the forward conduction of rectification unit be off-state when pre-charge process begins; under short-circuit conditions; short circuit current is through triggering branch road; fuse blows and make and trigger branch road and disconnect; rectification unit is not influenced by short circuit current fully; and because the operating current of triggering branch road is less; make and to select the littler fuse of protection value for use; when short circuit current faster easier fusing during through overcurrent fuse; further avoid electric arc to produce, effectively prevent the secondary injury to other device.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described power end is the three-phase alternating current power end, the quantity of power end anode is three, all be connected with a forward protection branch road between each power end anode and the positive direct-current bus, and all be connected with a reverse branch road between each power end anode and the negative dc bus; The triggering branch road of each described forward protection branch road comprises charging resistor and first diode, the negative electrode of first diode is connected with the common port of diverter switch, and the anode of first diode is by the charging resistor power end anode corresponding with being connected in series to of fuse; Each described reverse branch road comprises second diode, and the anode of second diode is connected with negative dc bus, and the negative electrode of second diode connects with corresponding power end anode.
Preferred version of the present invention can also for, described power end is dc power supply terminal, described power end anode is positive supply, the power end negative terminal is negative supply; The triggering branch road of described forward protection branch road comprises charging resistor; Described reverse branch road is open circuit; Negative supply is connected with negative dc bus.
Further, described triggering branch road also comprises the 3rd diode that is connected between charging resistor and the diverter switch, and the anode of described the 3rd diode is connected with charging resistor, and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode is connected with the common port of diverter switch.
Preferably, described control switch is controllable silicon, and the silicon controlled anode is connected with the power end anode, and the silicon controlled negative electrode is connected with the positive direct-current bus, and the control end of described control switch is the silicon controlled control utmost point.
Preferably, described diverter switch is relay, and the common port of diverter switch is the common port of relay, and first end of diverter switch is the normally-closed contact of relay, and second end of diverter switch is the normally opened contact of relay.Such structure has guaranteed that initial condition is to trigger that branch road is linked into main circuit of converter rather than as the control switch of rectification unit, has avoided effectively that the control switch as rectification unit has inserted the situation that main circuit of converter causes protecting inefficacy because of initially the time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: when on the frequency converter bus short circuit phenomenon being arranged; in pre-charge process, just can disconnect the connection of power supply; frequency converter is protected; effectively avoid because of the generation of electric arc original intact device or pcb board being produced the situation of secondary damage, thereby drop to the downtime of equipment minimum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main circuit of converter schematic diagram of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the main circuit structure schematic diagram of first kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the main circuit structure schematic diagram of second kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Figure 2 shows that first kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, is the situation that is applied to the three-phase alternating current frequency converter.Present embodiment comprises main circuit and is used for main circuit is provided the control circuit (scheming not shown) of control signal, wherein, described main circuit as shown in Figure 2, comprise power end 1, brake unit 3, filter unit 5, inversion unit 6 and precharge protection direct current output unit 2, the input of precharge protection direct current output unit 2 is connected with power end 1, and the output of precharge protection direct current output unit 2 is respectively equipped with positive direct-current bus DC+ and negative dc bus DC-; Described precharge protection direct current output unit 2 comprises being used for forward conduction and can protecting branch road because of the forward that overcurrent disconnects between the anode that is connected in power end 1 and the positive direct-current bus DC+, and be connected between the anode of power end 1 and the negative dc bus DC-for the reverse branch road that oppositely ends; Brake unit 3, filter unit 5 and inversion unit 6 all are connected between positive direct-current bus DC+ and the negative dc bus DC-.
Wherein, described power end 1 is the three-phase alternating current power end, and the quantity of the anode of power end 1 is three, is respectively anode L1, anode L2 and anode L3.All be connected with a forward protection branch road between each anode and the positive direct-current bus DC+, particularly, protecting branch road with the forward that is connected with anode L1 is example, and this forward protection branch road comprises controllable silicon D1, fuse F1, charging resistor R1, the first diode D11 and relay K 1; The anode of controllable silicon D1 is connected with anode L1, and the negative electrode of controllable silicon D1 is connected with positive supply bus DC+; The anode of the first diode D11 is connected in series to anode L1 by charging resistor R1 and fuse F1's, the negative electrode of the first diode D11 is connected with the common port of relay K 1, the normally-closed contact of relay K 1 is connected to the negative electrode of controllable silicon D1, and the normally opened contact of relay K 1 is connected to the control utmost point of controllable silicon D1; Similarly, the forward that is connected with anode L2 protection branch road comprises controllable silicon D2, fuse F2, charging resistor R2, the first diode D12 and relay K 2, and connected mode is with above-mentioned identical; The forward protection branch road that is connected with anode L3 comprises controllable silicon D3, fuse F3, charging resistor R3, the first diode D13 and relay K 3, and connected mode is same as described above; All be connected with a reverse branch road between the anode of each power end 1 and the negative dc bus DC-; Particularly, be example with the reverse branch road that is connected with anode L1, this reverse branch road comprises the second diode D4, and the anode of this second diode D4 is connected with negative dc bus DC-, and the negative electrode of the second diode D4 is connected with anode L1; Similarly, the reverse branch road that is connected with anode L2 is the second diode D5, and the reverse branch road that is connected with anode L3 is the second diode D6, and connected mode is with above-mentioned identical.
IGBT module V7 in the brake unit 3 in the present embodiment, capacitor C 1 and capacitor C 2 in the filter unit 5, IGBT module V1 in the inversion unit 6, IGBT module V2, IGBT module V3, IGBT module V4, IGBT module V5, the concrete on-link mode (OLM) of IGBT module V6 etc. all adopts and well known to a person skilled in the art that structure realizes, because brake unit 3, filter unit 5 and inversion unit 6 are not technological improvement point of the present invention, do not solve technical problem to be solved by this invention, as space is limited, in the present embodiment no longer to brake unit 3, filter unit 5 and inversion unit 6 are described in detail.Above-mentioned three functional units also can adopt other different structures, only need be implemented in that original required function gets final product in the inverter.Need just can be connected to converter main circuit by a series of electric capacity, resistor network for AC power in the reality use powers, the anode L1 of indication, anode L2 and anode L3 all refer to the direct node that is connected with converter main circuit among the present invention, under the three-phase alternating current situation, the negative terminal of power end 1 (scheming not shown) is those skilled in the art's common practise with the connected mode of converter main circuit, and present embodiment also repeats no more.In addition, but controllable silicon D1 to controllable silicon D3 as the control switch of forward conduction, can adopt other controlled switch elements and directed breakover element connect realize that for example contactor is connected with diode, also can select other elements for use.But first diode D11 to the first diode D13 can adopt the components and parts of other common directed conductings to replace as the wherein part of the triggering branch road of forward conduction.
Shown in Figure 3 is second kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is the situation that is applied to direct-flow inverter, as shown in Figure 3, the difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned first kind of embodiment is: power end 11 is dc power supply terminal, the anode of described power end 11 is positive supply V+, and power end 11 negative terminals are negative supply V-; Forward protection branch road between positive supply V+ and the positive supply bus DC+ comprises controllable silicon D7, fuse F4, charging resistor R4, the 3rd diode D14 and relay K 4; The anode of controllable silicon D7 is connected with positive supply V+, and the negative electrode of controllable silicon D7 is connected with positive supply bus DC+; The anode of the 3rd diode D14 is connected in series to positive supply V+ by charging resistor R4 and fuse F4's, the negative electrode of the 3rd diode D14 is connected with the common port of relay K 4, the normally-closed contact of relay K 4 is connected to the negative electrode of controllable silicon D7, and the normally opened contact of relay K 4 is connected to the control utmost point of controllable silicon D7; Described reverse branch road is open circuit, namely is not connected any components and parts between positive supply V+ and the negative dc bus DC-, and 11 of power ends are as DC power supply, thereby only need open a way and can realize oppositely ending between positive supply V+ and the negative dc bus DC-; Negative supply V-is connected with negative dc bus DC-.Because direct current supply, but as the controllable silicon D7 of the control switch of forward conduction, can directly adopt other controlled switch elements to replace, for example contactor.
The course of work: when powering on, relay K 1 is to relay K 3(or relay K 4) beat at normally-closed contact, power end 1(or power end 11) by as first diode D11 to the first diode D13(or the 3rd diode D14 that trigger branch road) be connected to positive supply bus DC+, make 2 chargings of capacitor C 1, capacitor C, controllable silicon D1 is to controllable silicon D3(or controllable silicon D7) then fully and the main circuit of frequency converter isolate fully; The rectifier cell of first diode D11 to the first diode D13 during simultaneously as precharge is (for the direct current supply situation of second kind of embodiment, owing to need not rectification, can not use the 3rd diode D14 in the circuit, but the 3rd diode D14 can prevent the situation of damaging frequency converter because of the power supply reversal connection and take place), when the voltage of positive supply bus DC+ is raised to certain value, control circuit makes relay K 1 to relay K 3(or relay K 4) beat at normally opened contact, controllable silicon D1 is to controllable silicon D3(or controllable silicon D7) be subjected to forward bias and conducting, main circuit of converter operate as normal, said process are finished common pre-charge process.During if power on; there has been short-circuit conditions; the moment that is powering on; because electric current is excessive; fuse F1 is to fuse F3(or fuse F4) blow; power end 1(or power end 11) and first diode D11 to the first diode D13(or the 3rd diode D14) disconnect; controllable silicon D1 is to controllable silicon D3(or controllable silicon D7) can not setovered; thereby remain off state; realize the precharge defencive function; and to switch on moment to disconnect the time; only have as first diode D11 to the first diode D13(or the 3rd diode D14 that trigger branch road) etc. element bear short circuit current, and controllable silicon D1 is to controllable silicon D3(or controllable silicon D7) do not have fully influenced.In addition, also can directly be connected fuse between rectifier cell and the positive direct-current bus, as forward protection branch road, the fuse protection function is also arranged, but rectifier cell can be subjected to short-circuit current rush to a certain extent.
It should be noted that; above-mentioned two kinds of embodiment only are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all; any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the frequency converter that has the precharge defencive function comprises main circuit and for the control circuit that main circuit is provided control signal, described main circuit comprises power end, brake unit, filter unit and inversion unit; It is characterized in that: also comprise precharge protection direct current output unit, the input of precharge protection direct current output unit is connected with power end, and the output of precharge protection direct current output unit is respectively equipped with positive direct-current bus and negative dc bus; Described precharge is protected the direct current output unit to comprise and is connected in being used for forward conduction and can protecting branch road because of the forward that overcurrent disconnects between power end anode and the positive direct-current bus, and is connected in the reverse branch road that being used between power end anode and the negative dc bus oppositely ends; Brake unit, filter unit and inversion unit all are connected between positive direct-current bus and the negative dc bus.
2. to remove 1 described frequency converter with precharge defencive function according to right, it is characterized in that: but but described forward protection branch road comprises the control switch of diverter switch, fuse forward conduction and the triggering branch road of forward conduction; Control switch is connected across between power end anode and the positive direct-current bus; The common port of diverter switch by fuse with trigger branch road be connected in series to the power end anode, first end of diverter switch is connected to the positive direct-current bus, second end of diverter switch is connected to the control end of control switch.
3. the frequency converter with precharge defencive function according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described power end is the three-phase alternating current power end, the quantity of power end anode is three, all be connected with a forward protection branch road between each power end anode and the positive direct-current bus, and all be connected with a reverse branch road between each power end anode and the negative dc bus; The triggering branch road of each described forward protection branch road comprises charging resistor and first diode, the negative electrode of first diode is connected with the common port of diverter switch, and the anode of first diode is by the charging resistor power end anode corresponding with being connected in series to of fuse; Each described reverse branch road comprises second diode, and the anode of second diode is connected with negative dc bus, and the negative electrode of second diode connects with corresponding power end anode.
4. the frequency converter with precharge defencive function according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described power end is dc power supply terminal, and described power end anode is positive supply, and the power end negative terminal is negative supply; The triggering branch road of described forward protection branch road comprises charging resistor; Described reverse branch road is open circuit; Negative supply is connected with negative dc bus.
5. the frequency converter with precharge defencive function according to claim 4; it is characterized in that: described triggering branch road also comprises the 3rd diode that is connected between charging resistor and the diverter switch; the anode of described the 3rd diode is connected with charging resistor, and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode is connected with the common port of diverter switch.
6. according to any described frequency converter with precharge defencive function of claim 2-5; it is characterized in that: but the control switch of described forward conduction is controllable silicon; the silicon controlled anode is connected with the power end anode; the silicon controlled negative electrode is connected with the positive direct-current bus, and the control end of described control switch is the silicon controlled control utmost point.
7. according to any described frequency converter with precharge defencive function of claim 2-5; it is characterized in that: described diverter switch is relay; the common port of diverter switch is the common port of relay; first end of diverter switch is the normally-closed contact of relay, and second end of diverter switch is the normally opened contact of relay.
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| CN103746573A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-23 | 上海新时达电气股份有限公司 | Rectification device |
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| CN104578746A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 山东艾磁驱动科技有限公司 | Electrolytic capacitor precharging circuit |
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| CN106992690A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-28 | 深圳易能电气技术股份有限公司 | Main circuit of frequency converter circuit |
| CN108008235A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Dc bus method for detecting short circuit, device and detection circuit |
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| KR102137324B1 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-23 | 케이이비 오토메이션 카게 | Electronic protective circuit |
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| CN111801241A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2020-10-20 | 纬湃科技有限责任公司 | AC charging device for a motor vehicle and method for operating an AC charging device for a motor vehicle |
| CN111801241B (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2024-03-01 | 纬湃科技有限责任公司 | AC charging device for motor vehicle and operation method thereof |
| CN112134339A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 光宝电子(广州)有限公司 | Power conversion device, capacitor short-circuit protection circuit thereof and capacitor short-circuit protection method |
| CN110429644B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-08-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Inverter and power supply system |
| CN110429644A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Inverter and power supply system |
| US11811235B2 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2023-11-07 | Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. | Inverter apparatus and power supply system |
| CN112234584A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-15 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Improved voltage type frequency converter brake circuit protection method |
| CN113471949A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Capacitor charging and discharging circuit and electromechanical servo system |
| CN113471949B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2023-08-25 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Capacitor charge-discharge circuit and electromechanical servo system |
| CN113922336A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-01-11 | 青岛海信日立空调***有限公司 | Frequency converter protection device, frequency converter and air conditioner |
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