CN103263734A

CN103263734A - Breathing protection system for mine

Info

Publication number: CN103263734A
Application number: CN2012103415017A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕伟新
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-09-14
Filing date: 2012-09-14
Publication date: 2013-08-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-14
Also published as: CN103263734B

Abstract

The invention discloses a breathing protection system for a mine. The breathing protection system for the mine comprises a mask portion and an oxygen source portion. The mask portion comprises a mask component and a rapid changing joint upper portion. The oxygen source portion comprises an oxygen source component and a rapid changing joint lower portion. The rapid changing joint upper portion and the rapid changing joint lower portion are matched with each other to form a rapid changing joint. When the joints are separated, two air ways of the mask portion and two air ways of the oxygen source portion are respectively closed automatically. The oxygen source portion can be a device which is light and easy to carry, or is heavy but easy to carry, and can be fixed and is capable of providing oxygen or fresh air. Due to the fact that the rapid joints with the same standard are adopted by oxygen sources with different characteristics, the oxygen sources can be butted with the same mask portion so that rapid and safe switching in various breathing protection resources can be achieved and various oxygen resources in a mine well can be effectively and comprehensively used. The light oxygen sources can be carried for standby application, so that the oxygen sources are changed into the portable oxygen sources lasting for a long time in the process of long distance escape. In the process of waiting for assistance, the oxygen sources are changed into the fixed oxygen sources so that protection for a long time can be achieved, and therefore, opportunity that a person is rescued is enhanced.

Description

Mining respiratory protection system

Technical field

The present invention relates to mine safety rescue equipment, particularly a kind of mining respiratory protection system.

Background technology

At present, mine is at workman's breathing security protection, adopted a series of lifesaving appliances such as self-rescuer, respirator, survival capsule, refuge chamber, ventilation station, inside such as survival capsule, refuge chamber, ventilation station are equipped with usually and keep the self-rescuer of breathing usefulness, respirator, oxygen cylinder, inflatable vest, compressed air self-help apparatus etc. under the disaster scenario.Wherein self-rescuer is carried in the overall process of work by the underground labour, can provide the protection of important very first time for distress personnel, is the utensil of cutter's indispensability, then wears respirator to the personnel of downhole rescuing.

The present self-rescuer that uses is divided into the product of several basic principles such as filtering type self-rescuer, chemical oxygen self-rescuer, compressed oxygen self-rescuer according to the source difference of oxygen.People wish to prolong guard time under the prerequisite of exceeding increase wearer burden, but portable counterweight quantitative limitation has hindered the prolongation of self-rescuer guard time.Therefore, prolong guard time is the target that the self-rescuer development is pursued with reducing weight, reduced volume always.

Respectively there are characteristics in above-mentioned various types of respiratory protection or the system that keeps, can not replace mutually, and be to use at present relatively independently, can not fully effectively utilize the existing various respiratory protection in down-hole resource.For example take place gas outstanding after, the workman at first wears self-rescuer, after having on self-rescuer and entering in survival capsule or the refuge chamber, continues protection and breathes if need use compressed air self-help apparatus instead, just need take self-rescuer, also need to wear the face shield of compressed air self-help apparatus sometimes.If protective zones such as refuge chamber have breakage, sneaked into pernicious gas, then must change breathing apparatus such as wearing face shield again, personnel face the danger that sucks toxic gas in the replacing process, and respiratory apparatus oneself control is careless slightly just may to come to harm.

As seen, though the existing various respiratory protection of mine resource, every kind of resource has original characteristics separately, and various oxygen sources are not easy to safe switching, and various respiratory protection resource shortage fully utilizes effectively.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of mining respiratory protection system, can switch between various oxygen sources easily and safely, effectively utilizes various respiratory protection resource.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, mining respiratory protection provided by the invention system, it comprises a mouthful tool part, oxygen source part; Described mouthful of tool part comprises a mouthful tool assembly, rapid replacing interface top; Described oxygen source part comprises oxygen source assembly, rapid replacing interface bottom; Described rapid replacing interface top comprises first gas circuit, second gas circuit, and first gas circuit connects the air intake passage of described mouthful of tool assembly, and second gas circuit connects the exhalation passages of described mouthful of tool assembly;

Described rapid replacing interface bottom comprises the 3rd gas circuit, the 4th gas circuit; The 3rd gas circuit connects the air supply channel of described oxygen source assembly, and the 4th gas circuit connects the return gas channel of described oxygen source assembly, and the air supply channel of described oxygen source assembly is connected source of oxygen;

Described rapid replacing interface top is adaptive with described rapid replacing interface bottom, forms a rapid replacing interface jointly;

When described rapid replacing interface top separated with described rapid replacing interface bottom, first gas circuit was turn-offed, and second gas circuit is turn-offed, and the 3rd gas circuit is turn-offed, and the 4th gas circuit is turn-offed;

When described rapid replacing interface top and described rapid replacing interface lower junction fashionable, first gas circuit on described rapid replacing interface top is connected with the 3rd gas circuit of described rapid replacing interface bottom, second gas circuit on described rapid replacing interface top is connected with the 4th gas circuit of described rapid replacing interface bottom, and first gas circuit is connected, second gas circuit is connected, the 3rd gas circuit is connected, and the 4th gas circuit is connected.

Preferable, described mouthful of tool assembly comprises a mouthful tool, breather cheek valve, expiratory one-way valve, can also comprise an air bag; First gas circuit in the described rapid replacing interface top is communicated with described breather cheek valve entrance; The outlet of described breather cheek valve is communicated with a mouth tool or is integral with the mouth tool, and described breather cheek valve is opened when the user is air-breathing by the mouth tool, and people's oral cavity is communicated with air intake passage; Described expiratory one-way valve is arranged in the exhalation passages of described mouthful of tool assembly, and described expiratory one-way valve entrance is communicated with a mouthful tool or is integral with the mouth tool, and outlet is communicated with second gas circuit on described rapid replacing interface top; Described expiratory one-way valve is opened when the people exhales by the mouth tool, and people's oral cavity is communicated with exhalation passages.

Preferable, described mouthful of tool assembly comprises air bag, and the described air bag first end air flue is communicated with described first gas circuit, and described air bag second end is communicated with described breather cheek valve entrance.

Preferable, on described air bag or the air intake passage or exhalation passages be provided with relief valve, described relief valve is the check valve of air pressure in mouth tool part unlatching exhaust when being higher than setting threshold.

Preferable, fashionable when described rapid replacing interface top and described rapid replacing interface lower junction, the 3rd gas circuit is at first connected, and the 4th gas circuit is connected then, and first gas circuit, second gas circuit are connected at last; When described rapid replacing interface top separated with described rapid replacing interface bottom, first gas circuit, second gas circuit were at first turn-offed, and the 3rd gas circuit, the 4th gas circuit are turn-offed then.

Preferable, the mouth tool partly comprises an interim gas circuit between first gas circuit and second gas circuit, when described rapid replacing interface top separates with described rapid replacing interface bottom, described interim gas circuit is connected first gas circuit and second gas circuit, when described rapid replacing interface top and the connection of described rapid replacing interface bottom, described interim gas circuit disconnects.

Described oxygen source assembly is the multiple source of oxygen that comprises portable oxygen source, large-scale compressed oxygen cylinder etc.

Preferable, described oxygen source assembly comprises peace and quiet jar, and described the 4th gas circuit and peace and quiet canister incoming gas termination are logical, and peace and quiet jar of gas outlet is communicated with described the 3rd gas circuit and described source of oxygen air flue.

As more selection, oxygen can also be from fresh air, described oxygen source assembly in this system is to comprise that portable compressed air source, large-scale compressed air bottle, compressed-air system, air filtration are except the multiple fresh air sources of malicious device etc., also comprise an one-way exhaust valve, described the 4th gas circuit is connected with the air bleeding valve entrance, the air bleeding valve outlet feeds atmosphere, when the gas of exhalation makes the air pressure of air bleeding valve porch be higher than threshold value, and the exhaust valve opening exhaust.

In order to solve the technical problem of switching between described oxygen source better, also for carrying the rapid replacing interface that a kind of above-mentioned respiratory protection system uses, it comprises rapid replacing interface top, rapid replacing interface bottom in the present invention.Concrete structure is as follows:

Described rapid replacing interface top comprises suction muffler wall, expiration chamber wall, air-breathing apical ring plate, air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella, expiration apical ring plate, expiration bottom circumferential lamella, goes up centre valve, goes up annular plate valve, goes up the annular plate valve spring, goes up the centre valve spring; Described expiration chamber wall external diameter is less than described suction muffler wall internal diameter, and described expiration chamber wall is coaxial to be placed in the described suction muffler wall; Described air-breathing apical ring plate, outer rim are fixed on described suction muffler wall inner edge, and inner edge is with forming annular mouth between the wall of described expiration chamber; Described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella, outer rim are fixed on described suction muffler wall inner edge, and inner edge is fixed on described expiration chamber wall outer rim; Described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage; Described suction muffler wall, expiration chamber wall, air-breathing apical ring plate, a common ccontaining described upward annular plate valve and the described cavity of going up the annular plate valve spring of forming of air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella; The external diameter at described middle part of going up annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described suction muffler wall, and greater than the internal diameter of described air-breathing apical ring plate; The external diameter on the described upward top of annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described air-breathing apical ring plate; The external diameter of the described upward bottom of annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described suction muffler wall; The described annular plate valve of going up is set in described expiration chamber wall outer rim; The described annular plate valve spring housing of going up is located at described expiration chamber wall outer rim, one end is resisted against described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against the bottom of described upward annular plate valve and produces compressive deformation, when separating with described rapid replacing interface bottom on described rapid replacing interface top, the described annular plate valve middle part of going up is pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate, and make described top of going up annular plate valve lean out the annular mouth of described air-breathing apical ring plate inner edge and the outer intermarginal formation of described expiration chamber wall; Described expiration apical ring plate and described expiration bottom circumferential lamella are fixed in the wall of described expiration chamber, and described expiration apical ring plate, expiration bottom circumferential lamella are with a common ccontaining described upward centre valve and the described cavity of going up the centre valve spring of forming of described expiration chamber wall; Described expiration bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage; The external diameter at described middle part of going up centre valve is greater than the diameter of the center hole of described expiration apical ring plate and described expiration bottom circumferential lamella, and less than the internal diameter of described expiration chamber wall; Described lower end of going up centre valve places the center hole of described expiration bottom circumferential lamella, and the upper end places the center hole of described expiration apical ring plate; The described centre valve spring housing of going up is located at the described bottom outer rim that goes up centre valve, one end is resisted against described expiration bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against the middle part of described upward centre valve and produces compressive deformation, when separating with described rapid replacing interface bottom on described rapid replacing interface top, the described centre valve middle part of going up is pressed against on the described expiration apical ring plate, and make described top of going up centre valve lean out the center hole of described expiration apical ring plate.

Described rapid replacing interface bottom comprises air feed chamber wall, return-air chamber wall, air feed apical ring plate, air feed bottom circumferential lamella, return-air apical ring plate, return-air bottom circumferential lamella, following centre valve, following annular plate valve, following annular plate valve spring, following centre valve spring; Described return-air chamber wall external diameter is less than described air feed chamber wall internal diameter, and described return-air chamber wall is coaxial to be placed in the wall of described air feed chamber; Described air feed apical ring plate, outer rim are fixed on described air feed chamber wall inner edge, the outer intermarginal formation annular mouth of inner edge and described return-air chamber wall; Described air feed bottom circumferential lamella, outer rim are fixed on described air feed chamber wall inner edge, and inner edge is fixed on described return-air chamber wall outer rim; Described air feed bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage; Described air feed chamber wall, return-air chamber wall, air feed apical ring plate, a common ccontaining described annular plate valve down and the described cavity of annular plate valve spring down of forming of air feed bottom circumferential lamella; The external diameter at the middle part of described down annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described air feed chamber wall, and greater than the internal diameter of described air feed apical ring plate; The external diameter on the described top of annular plate valve down is less than the internal diameter of described air feed apical ring plate; The external diameter of the described bottom of annular plate valve down is less than the internal diameter of described air feed chamber wall; Described annular plate valve down is set in described return-air chamber wall outer rim; Described annular plate valve spring housing down is located at described return-air chamber wall outer rim, one end is resisted against described air feed bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against the bottom of described annular plate valve down and produces compressive deformation, when separating with described rapid replacing interface bottom on described rapid replacing interface top, described annular plate valve down middle part is pressed against on the described air feed apical ring plate, and make the described top of annular plate valve down lean out described air feed apical ring plate inner edge with the annular mouth of the outer intermarginal formation of described return-air chamber wall;

Described return-air apical ring plate and described return-air bottom circumferential lamella are fixed in the wall of described return-air chamber, and described return-air apical ring plate, return-air bottom circumferential lamella are with a common ccontaining described centre valve down and the described cavity of centre valve spring down of forming of described return-air chamber wall; Described return-air bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage.The external diameter at the middle part of described down centre valve is greater than the diameter of the center hole of described return-air apical ring plate and described return-air bottom circumferential lamella, and less than the internal diameter of described return-air chamber wall; The described lower end of centre valve down places the center hole of described return-air bottom circumferential lamella, and the upper end places the center hole of described return-air apical ring plate;

Described centre valve spring housing down is located at the described bottom outer rim of centre valve down, one end is resisted against described return-air bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against the middle part of described centre valve down and produces compressive deformation, when separating with described rapid replacing interface bottom on described rapid replacing interface top, described centre valve down middle part is pressed against on the described return-air apical ring plate, and make the described top of centre valve down lean out the center hole of described return-air apical ring plate.

Preferable, the bottom of the center hole of described return-air bottom circumferential lamella is provided with limited block; Wall top, described return-air chamber external diameter is less than the bottom external diameter, and described annular plate valve internal diameter down is less than described return-air chamber wall bottom external diameter, and described annular plate valve down is set in wall top, described return-air chamber outer rim;

When described upward annular plate valve middle part pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate, the length that described top of going up annular plate valve leans out described air-breathing apical ring plate top was last annular plate valve protrusion amount; The described centre valve middle part of going up is when pressing against described expiration apical ring plate, and the length that the described top of centre valve down leans out described expiration apical ring plate top is last centre valve protrusion amount; When described down annular plate valve middle part pressed against on the described air feed apical ring plate, the length that the described top of annular plate valve down leans out described air feed apical ring plate top was annular plate valve protrusion amount down; When described down centre valve middle part pressed against described return-air apical ring plate, the length that the described top of centre valve down leans out described return-air apical ring plate top was centre valve protrusion amount down; Press against the state on the described air feed apical ring plate from described down annular plate valve middle part, to described annular plate valve down be subjected to spacing displacement under the annular plate valve maximum displacement; Press against the state of described return-air apical ring plate from described centre valve down middle part, be subjected to spacing displacement to described centre valve down and be centre valve maximum displacement down;

Following centre valve protrusion amount is greater than centre valve maximum displacement down, and following annular plate valve protrusion amount is greater than annular plate valve maximum displacement down, and following centre valve protrusion amount is greater than following annular plate valve protrusion amount;

Following centre valve protrusion amount and last centre valve protrusion amount sum are greater than centre valve maximum displacement down, and following annular plate valve protrusion amount and last annular plate valve protrusion amount sum are greater than annular plate valve maximum displacement down;

Following centre valve protrusion amount and last centre valve protrusion amount sum are greater than following annular plate valve protrusion amount and last annular plate valve protrusion amount sum;

The rigidity of described down centre valve spring, less than the described rigidity that goes up the centre valve spring, centre valve down run into spacing before on the centre valve spring motionless; The rigidity of described down annular plate valve spring, less than the described rigidity that goes up centre valve spring on the annular plate valve spring, annular plate valve down run into spacing before on the annular plate valve spring motionless.

Preferable, described expiration chamber wall is provided with interim gas circuit; When described upward annular plate valve middle part pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate, described upward annular plate valve left the hole of the interim gas circuit of conduct that arranges on the wall of described expiration chamber; When described top of going up annular plate valve was lower than described air-breathing apical ring plate top, the described annular plate valve of going up covered the interim gas circuit that arranges on the wall of described expiration chamber.

Preferable, the described annular plate valve inner edge of going up is with the outer intermarginal sealing ring that is provided with of described expiration chamber wall; Described annular plate valve inner edge down is with the outer intermarginal sealing ring that is provided with of described return-air chamber wall; The described upper side of going up the annular plate valve middle part is provided with sealing ring; The upper side at described annular plate valve down middle part is provided with sealing ring; The described upper side of going up the middle part of centre valve is provided with sealing ring; The described upper side at the middle part of centre valve down is provided with sealing ring.

Described rapid replacing interface top after being combined in the rapid replacing interface bottom, rapid replacing interface top and rapid replacing interface bottom can adopt bayonet socket mode, engage thread and other efficiently and effectively mode keep connection status.

Because mining respiratory protection of the present invention system is divided into mouthful tool part and an oxygen source part, the function of mouthful tool part is oxygen supply passage and the recovery breath passage that constitutes sealing, makes the people effectively utilize oxygen, and this part difference in each system is little.Mouth tool part also comprises rapid replacing interface top.Oxygen source partly comprises the rapid replacing interface bottom, the rapid replacing interface that the adaptive composition in rapid replacing interface top and rapid replacing interface bottom has two gas circuits, when rapid replacing interface separates, two gas circuits of mouth tool part are sealed automatically, two gas circuits of oxygen source part are also sealed automatically, arrange toxic gas and the function of safety switching with oxygen or fresh air in the process that can also achieve a butt joint by the structure of rapid replacing interface.Mining respiratory protection of the present invention system, because the oxygen source of a plurality of kinds partly has identical rapid replacing interface bottom, so the oxygen source of a plurality of kinds part all can with same mouthful of tool part by the rapid replacing interface use that achieves a butt joint, can realize the switching safely and fast between the various respiratory protection resource under the mines such as self-rescuer, respirator, oxygen cylinder, inflatable vest, compressed air self-help apparatus, thereby can overcome the short restriction of self-rescuer guard time of carrying, fully utilize under the mine various oxygen sources effectively prolonging survival time, the raising personnel chance of being rescued.The butt joint standard that described " identical rapid replacing interface " refers to interface is identical, can exchange, and it is identical to be not limited to aspects such as structure, size.

The oxygen source part can be fresh air sources such as oxygen cylinder, Chemical Oxygen Source, compressed-air system, can also be filtering poison device.So just can be by selecting different oxygen sources, be combined into a needed new respiratory protection system, personnel just can be under the prerequisite that adorns oneself with a mouth tool part of not changing so, reach the purpose of utilizing the oxygen resource that is fit to, eliminated because of original guard system oxygen depletion, suck the possibility of poison gas when using new guard system instead, the most important thing is to make personnel to obtain oxygen resource flexibly: to carry the lightest oxygen source when standby, it is moderate but portable oxygen source uses the fixedly oxygen source that long duration protection can be provided when needing to wait for assistance to change the duration when needing long distance to flee from.Do like this and just avoided pursuing the unvanquishable difficulty of prolongation self-rescuer guard time, will specially develop some light especially self-rescuer or oxygen bags on the contrary, as long as can be competent at of short duration very first time protection.If must wear between national regulation workman operational period later on and have the dustproof filter function, even has a system of certain filtering pernicious gas function, so as long as also adopt identical interface, just can also include such system in should call on urgently and inhale protection system, just further reduce the possibility that personnel are injured by poison gas.

Perfect along with the mine safeguard procedures, the colliery also will extensively be equipped with protective equipments such as compressed air self-help system, survival capsule, refuge chamber.The part that these facilities also have various protection to breathe provides fixing oxygen source.If personnel run away to here, and can isolate outside poison gas, just can take self-rescuer, the fallback of taking refuge for a long time.If these facilities are destroyed, existing poison gas is invaded, and just can not effectively be protected, and just has to take original respirator, uses new system instead.If used various respiratory protection system has adopted unified quick changing-over interface, just can realize that the devoid of risk between each guard system switches fast, widened the fixedly usable range of oxygen source.Set up cheap compressed air self-help station more, can win more chance for survival for personnel.After obtaining assistance, can also switch portability oxygen sources such as using self-rescuer again, also can switch the respirator that uses the rescuer to bring.After one or two people's oxygen resource exhaustion, other people also can temporarily lend urgent need person to alleviate emergency situation.So just can take full advantage of various oxygen resources neatly, the raising personnel chance of being rescued.Because the situation difference of disaster takes place, mine disaster from taking place to successfully fleeing from the state difference that the down-hole experiences in personnel.Under the state of fleeing from of running, need to adopt portable system; Need adopt long-term oxygen system the period of taking refuge at fallback, may be fixation means such as large-scale compressed oxygen cylinder or compressed air self-help system; After fallback is taken refuge the end in period, got through though withdraw passage, still may there be poison gas to exist, also to change and use portable equipment to withdraw mine.

In the respiratory protection system provided by the present invention, the system that wears except personnel must be equipped with mouthful tool part, other standby systems can cancel mouthful tool part or only be equipped with the standby of a small amount of mouthful of tool part, thereby reduce expenditure, also corresponding the cancellation takes off unwanted mouthful of tool step partly in the back-up system when using instead, shortens the time of the process of using instead.

Use the correct method of respiratory protection provided by the present invention system to be summarized as: to utilize different oxygen sources to set up the multiple guard system that meets above-mentioned interchange standard, form a protection system, each system is designed to the two large divisions: mouthful tool part and oxygen source group part, adopt the rapid replacing interface of unified standard to dock between two parts.

Description of drawings

In order to be illustrated more clearly in technical scheme of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing that will use required for the present invention is briefly introduced, obviously, the following drawings is described only to be principles more of the present invention and embodiment, need not pay under the prerequisite of creative work those of ordinary skills, just can deduce out other schemes again according to these accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is that embodiment rapid replacing interface of mining respiratory protection system of the present invention is in conjunction with the schematic diagram of situation;

Fig. 2 is that embodiment rapid replacing interface of mining respiratory protection system of the present invention separates the schematic diagram of situation;

Fig. 3 is the discussion schematic diagram to a kind of differentiation of rapid replacing interface position;

Fig. 4 is to the another kind of discussion schematic diagram that develops in rapid replacing interface position;

Fig. 5 is the mouth tool assembly schematic diagram of mining respiratory protection of the present invention system rapid replacing interface separated position;

Fig. 6 is the embodiment one of the interim gas circuit of rapid replacing interface;

Fig. 7 is the embodiment two of the interim gas circuit of rapid replacing interface;

Fig. 7 is the embodiment three of the interim gas circuit of rapid replacing interface;

Fig. 9 is rapid replacing interface gas circuit arrangement one;

Figure 10 is rapid replacing interface gas circuit arrangement two;

Figure 11 is rapid replacing interface gas circuit arrangement three;

Figure 12 is rapid replacing interface gas circuit arrangement four;

Figure 13 is rapid replacing interface gas circuit arrangement five;

Figure 14 is the embodiment schematic diagram that mining respiratory protection of the present invention system adopts the clean air source of the gas;

Figure 15 is that mining respiratory protection of the present invention system adopts air filtration except an embodiment schematic diagram of malicious device;

Figure 16 is rapid replacing interface separated position schematic diagram provided by the invention;

Figure 17 is centre valve open mode schematic diagram under the rapid replacing interface cohesive process initial stage provided by the invention;

Figure 18 is rapid replacing interface cohesive process provided by the invention annular plate valve open mode schematic diagram under mid-term;

Figure 19 is that rapid replacing interface provided by the invention is in conjunction with the view after finishing;

Figure 20 is the comprehensive schematic diagram of mining respiratory protection of the present invention system embodiment.

Reference numeral:

1-mouth tool part,

10-mouth tool assembly,

101-mouth tool, the 102-expiratory one-way valve, the 103-breather cheek valve, the 104-air bag, the 106-relief valve,

2-oxygen source part,

20-oxygen source assembly,

The 201-oxygen source, peace and quiet jar of 202-, the 203-air bleeding valve,

The 3-rapid replacing interface,

30-rapid replacing interface top,

301-first gas circuit, 302-second gas circuit,

3010-suction muffler wall, 3020-expiration chamber wall,

The last annular plate valve of 3011-, the last centre valve of 3021-,

The air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella of 3012-, 3022-expiration bottom circumferential lamella,

The last annular plate valve spring of 3013-, the last centre valve spring of 3023-,

The air-breathing apical ring plate of 3014-, 3024-expiration apical ring plate,

The interim gas circuit of 3029-,

31-rapid replacing interface bottom,

311-the 3rd gas circuit, 312-the 4th gas circuit,

3110-air feed chamber wall, 3120-return-air chamber wall,

Annular plate valve under the 3111-, centre valve under the 3121-,

3112-air feed bottom circumferential lamella, 3122-return-air bottom circumferential lamella,

Annular plate valve spring under the 3113-, centre valve spring under the 3123-,

3114-air feed apical ring plate, 3124-return-air apical ring plate,

The 9-personnel.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme among the present invention is further described.Obviously, described embodiment only is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills need not make all other embodiment that creative work can obtain, and all belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

Embodiment one

Mining respiratory protection system as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprises a mouthful tool part 1, oxygen source part 2;

Described mouthful of tool part 1 comprises a mouthful tool assembly 10, rapid replacing interface top 30; Described oxygen source part 2 comprises oxygen source assembly 20, rapid replacing interface bottom 31;

Described mouthful of tool assembly 10 comprises mouthful tool 101, breather cheek valve 103, expiratory one-way valve 102;

Described expiratory one-way valve 102 is arranged in the exhalation passages of described mouthful of tool assembly 10, and the entrance of described expiratory one-way valve 102 is communicated with a mouthful tool 101 or becomes one, and outlet connects second gas circuit 302 on described rapid replacing interface top 30; Described expiratory one-way valve 102 is opened when personnel 9 exhale by mouth tool 101, and mouth tool 101 is communicated with exhalation passages, and breath has just entered the return gas channel in the oxygen source part 2;

Described breather cheek valve 103 is arranged in the air intake passage of described mouthful of tool assembly 10; First gas circuit 301 on described rapid replacing interface top 30 is communicated with the arrival end of described breather cheek valve 103, the port of export connected entrance tool of described breather cheek valve 103 or be combined as a whole with it; Described breather cheek valve 103 is opened when personnel 9 are air-breathing by mouth tool 101, and human oral cavity is communicated with air intake passage.

The mouth tool 101 that contacts with the human body oral area can be that common in the market self-rescuer adopts, the mouth of nipping in use is interior and need nose clip to seal the system in nostril, also can be the face shield etc. with identity function, but in order to narrate the convenient unified mouthful tool that is called.If a mouthful tool assembly has adopted face shield, then a mouthful tool 101 refers to face shield.

Described rapid replacing interface top 30 comprises that first gas circuit 301, second gas circuit, 302, the first gas circuits 301 connect the air intake passage of described mouthful of tool assembly 10, and second gas circuit 302 connects the exhalation passages of described mouthful of tool assembly 10; Described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 comprises the 3rd gas circuit 311, the 4th gas circuit 312; The 3rd gas circuit 311 connects the air supply channel of described oxygen source assembly 20, and the air supply channel of described oxygen source assembly 20 is connected oxygen source 201; The 4th gas circuit 312 connects the return gas channel of described oxygen source assembly 20.

Preferable, described source of oxygen 201 is the multiple source of oxygen that comprises portable oxygen source; For example, described source of oxygen 201 can be one of following portable oxygen source: small-sized compressed oxygen cylinder, small-sized chemical oxygen generator, oxygen bag etc. can also be one of following fixed oxygen sources: large-scale compressed oxygen cylinder, large-scale chemical oxygen generator etc.Described source of oxygen 201 even can provide is fit to any system of the fresh air that the people breathes, as fixed air compressed air plant, large-scale compressed air bottle, portable or fixed air filtration except malicious device.Just oxygen source enrich washability, make distress personnel can select to be fit to the respiratory protection system of situation at that time.If source of oxygen 201 provides the device of medical standard oxygen, just can constitute isolation type respiratory protection system, oxygen source assembly 20 will comprise peace and quiet jar 202 so, and the gas of backflow flows back to air intake passage for recycling then by peace and quiet jar 202 subduction carbon dioxide.If source of oxygen 201 provides the device of the air that can supply people's breathing, then not needing to carry out removing carbon dioxide handles, because outlet valve 102 is not have back flow of gas fully generally, so if desired breath is discharged to atmosphere, also will be at one-way exhaust valve 203 of the exit of gas circuit series connection, oxygen source assembly 20 will comprise air bleeding valve 203 so, and the atmosphere that the gas that is back to oxygen source assembly 20 is entered atmosphere and guarantee to contain poisonous composition is not sucked by the people.

Described rapid replacing interface top 30 is adaptive with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31, forms a rapid replacing interface 3 jointly; When described rapid replacing interface top 30 separated with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31, as shown in Figure 2, described first gas circuit 301 was turn-offed, and second gas circuit 302 is turn-offed, and the 3rd gas 311 tunnel turn-offs, and the 4th gas circuit 312 is turn-offed; When rapid replacing interface separates, the gas circuit of rapid replacing interface top 30 and rapid replacing interface bottom 31 is all automatically shut down, realize that gas circuit is sealed voluntarily in the replacing process, prevent that the pernicious gas in the surrounding air from entering respiration channel on the one hand, oxygen source can not leak waste after rapid replacing interface separates on the other hand, and do not possess in the 4th gas circuit 312 inside to produce and be higher than under the situation of ambient pressure, what for example be connected with the 4th gas circuit 312 is air bleeding valve 203, can prevent in time that also toxic gas from entering the exhaust passage.

When described rapid replacing interface top 30 and described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 in conjunction with the time, as shown in Figure 1, first gas circuit 301 on described rapid replacing interface top 30 is connected with the 3rd gas circuit 311 of described rapid replacing interface bottom 31, second gas circuit 302 on described rapid replacing interface top 30 is connected with the 4th gas circuit 312 of described rapid replacing interface bottom 31, and first gas circuit 301 is connected, second gas circuit 302 is connected, and the 3rd gas circuit 311 is connected, and the 4th gas circuit 312 is connected.Like this, just constitute a complete oxygen supply respiratory system, mouth tool part in a certain respiratory protection system partly is connected with oxygen source with any guard system in kind or other kind respiratory protection systems, sets up into new respiratory protection system rapidly.

If mouthful tool is partly moved in the oxygen source part of bottom, as shown in Figure 3, also be fine, its shortcoming is under normal operating condition, and mouth is big to the distance of breather valve, and people's the effciency of respiratory reduces, carbon dioxide treatment efficient also reduces, if with compressed-air system and so on fixedly oxygen source dock to use and also need establish many breathing air valves in addition, inconvenience can be integrated in mouthful tool easily and breathe air valve.If further be evolved into the described state of Fig. 4 again, then bring the interests of simplifying rapid replacing interface, only need a gas circuit, but the shortcoming of aforementioned deformation program all possesses, and because can not separate the gas of breathing out with live gas, can further increase the weight of the burden of carbon dioxide treatment, after interface 3 disconnects, more be unfavorable for forming the mini system of a self-loopa as shown in Figure 5.

Embodiment two

Based on embodiment one, system increases an air bag 104.The effect of air bag is to accumulate part of oxygen, consumes during in order to the changing-over oxygen source, and the reduction personnel change the time pressure of process, also cushions the pressure that causes because of air feed speed inequality and changes.Described air bag 104 is arranged in the air intake passage of described mouthful of tool assembly 10, as shown in Figure 5; First gas circuit 301 on described rapid replacing interface top 30 is communicated with an end air flue of described air bag 104, and the other end of described air bag 104 is communicated with the arrival end of described breather cheek valve 103, the port of export connected entrance tool of described breather cheek valve 103 or be combined as a whole with it; Described breather cheek valve 103 is opened when personnel 9 are air-breathing by mouth tool 101, and human oral cavity is communicated with air intake passage.

Preferable, can also increase a relief valve 106, be contained on described air bag or air intake passage or the exhalation passages, as shown in Figure 5.Relief valve 106 is check valves of opening exhaust when respiration channel air pressure is higher than setting threshold automatically, can prevent the phenomenon because of the excessive obstruction eupnea of compressed gas source discharge capacity.

Preferable, if in mouth tool assembly, combined the air bag 104 with a constant volume, just an interim gas circuit 3029 can be set between air intake passage and exhalation passages, be located near rapid replacing interface top 30 parts, when rapid replacing interface 3 in conjunction with the time, this interim gas circuit disconnects, and when separated with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 on described rapid replacing interface top 30, interim gas circuit 3029 was connected exhalation passages and air intake passage; Like this, make a mouthful tool part 1 have a little gas-circulating system of one's own, just can in the process of changing oxygen source, keep the breathing of short time by consuming the oxygen composition that stores in the air bag 104 more swimmingly, just make the urgent degree of replacing process reduce, easy to use.If this interim gas circuit 3029 is not set, the smoothness that personnel breathe at this moment can be weaker, will do the permitted gas space between inlet valve, outlet valve and the oral cavity three greatly, and the efficient like this can be to the human body eupnea time is influential, be equivalent to reduce depth of respiration, because a part of gas that sucks high last time that is carbonated gas of breathing out.This interim gas circuit 3029 can have multiple implementation method, even can be integrated among the rapid replacing interface top 301.This point is done further explanation in the scheme of rapid replacing interface.

This interim gas circuit can be controlled break-make by manually-operated gate, as shown in Figure 6, also can resemble shown in Fig. 7, Figure 16 by with the valve control break-make of rapid replacing interface 3 interlock, can also be integrated in the air bag with the check valve form as shown in Figure 8.In Fig. 8, the pressure reduction of the check valve breakdown action that uses as inlet valve 103, outlet valve 102 is very low, and the pressure reduction that people's eupnea causes gets final product folding; The unlatching pressure reduction of the check valve that uses as interim gas circuit 3029 is moderate, after described rapid replacing interface 3 disconnects, people's respiration constantly is pumped into the gas in the air bag in the exhalation passages and goes, strengthen pressure reduction, interim gas circuit 3029 was opened after pressure reduction reached a higher thresholds, had realized the gas circulation shown in the dotted line.The advantage of this scheme is simple in structure, is easy to be integrated in the air bag go, and shortcoming is that people's breathing will be subjected to certain resistance, needs to strengthen exerting oneself of breathing, and sets up interim gas circuit 3029 not as adopting mechanism.Air bleeding valve needs higher inside and outside differential pressure effect to open, and does not influence the action of the check valve of inlet valve, outlet valve, the interim gas circuit of conduct, so can set up circulating from body of sealing in the air bag.

Embodiment three

Based on embodiment one, when described rapid replacing interface top 30 and described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 in conjunction with the time, the 3rd gas circuit 311 is at first connected, the 4th gas circuit 312 is connected then, first gas circuit 301, second gas circuit 302 are connected at last; When described rapid replacing interface top 30 separated with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31, first gas circuit 301, second gas circuit 302 were at first turn-offed, and the 3rd gas circuit 311, the 4th gas circuit 312 are turn-offed then;

Among this embodiment, because when rapid replacing interface separates, rapid replacing interface top 30 gas circuits are turn-offed prior to rapid replacing interface bottom 31, since when rapid replacing interface in conjunction with the time, rapid replacing interface top 30 gas circuits are later than rapid replacing interface bottom 31 and connect, the oxygen rich gas than hyperbar of rapid replacing interface bottom 31 ejections can arrange the poison gas around the interface, prevents the respiration channel of pernicious gas inlet port tool assembly in the process of changing-over oxygen source part, has further improved the security that oxygen source is changed.

The rapid replacing interface top 30 of adaptive composition rapid replacing interface 3 and rapid replacing interface bottom 31 can be as shown in Figure 9, two gas circuits of difference coaxial arrangement, and namely ectonexine is arranged a gas circuit respectively, is easy to change fast operation; Also can adopt to have being arranged in juxtaposition of mistake proofing structure as shown in figure 10, namely design relatively independent passage side by side, but also be whole grafting simultaneously; Also can be as Figure 11, Figure 12, shown in Figure 13, the mode that adopts two-way with mistake proofing plugging function to separate, the simplification that this can docking port is favourable, changes the oxygen source operation but need twice grafting just can finish.

Embodiment four

Based on embodiment one, as Figure 14, the oxygen source assembly 20 in the described oxygen source part 2 comprises air bleeding valve 203, source of oxygen 201, and here source of oxygen 201 is compressed air self-help systems, the fresh air that provides pressure to be fit to; This situation provides the long duration protection means that are easy to realize, be easy to extensively laying website for the miner.

The 4th gas circuit 312 in the described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 is connected with described air bleeding valve 203, and the air pressure that causes is higher than when setting threshold values because the people exhales in the return gas channel of oxygen source assembly 20, and described air bleeding valve 203 is opened automatically, directly enters atmosphere breathing waste gas.

If source of oxygen 201 changed filtering poison device into, as shown in figure 15, so just become the lightest carry-on guard system.As long as it is reliable to filter the material of poison gas, even only can operate as normal tens minutes, also can alleviate very big daily burden to the workman.If the degree of protection to the miner is higher from now on; developed the dustproof filter function that to wear at any time in the down-hole; even the air purifier equipment with certain filtering pernicious gas function; can include this system in this respiratory protection system; protection system is optimized more; even this new guard system does not have the function of gas defence, the workman still need wear the oxygen source of saving oneself, and also can save for saving oneself when disaster takes place to open the time that mouthful tool is worn.The mouth tool 2003 that contacts with human body in this new guard system should adopt the face shield form.Face shield owing to wear always, can shorten the time of wearing self-rescuer than the mouth tool comfort level height of stinging in mouth, has just further reduced the possibility that personnel are injured by poison gas.At this moment personnel to want to wear a light oxygen source part with oneself in addition standby.

Embodiment five

Based on embodiment one, rapid replacing interface 3 is as Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, shown in Figure 19, for brevity among the figure some next-door neighbour assembling and in the course of work part of no relative motion link up with unified hatching, the assembling boundary line of not drawing, for example just do not draw between suction muffler wall 3010 and the air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella 3012 line of demarcation and method of attachment.

Rapid replacing interface 3 comprises rapid replacing interface top 30, rapid replacing interface bottom 31; Described rapid replacing interface top 30 comprises suction muffler wall 3010, expiration chamber wall 3020, air-breathing apical ring plate 3014, air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella 3012, expiration apical ring plate 3024, expiration bottom circumferential lamella 3022, goes up centre valve 3021, goes up annular plate valve 3011, goes up annular plate valve spring 3013, goes up centre valve spring 3023; Described expiration chamber wall 3020 external diameters are less than described suction muffler wall 3010 internal diameters, described expiration chamber wall 3020 coaxial placing in the described suction muffler wall 3010; Described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014, outer rim is fixed on the inner edge of described suction muffler wall 3010, and inner edge is with described expiration chamber wall 3020 outer intermarginal formation annular mouth; Described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella 3012, outer rim are fixed on described suction muffler wall 3010 inner edges, and inner edge is fixed on described expiration chamber wall 3020 outer rims; Described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella 3012 is provided with passage; Described suction muffler wall 3010, expiration chamber wall 3020, air-breathing apical ring plate 3014, air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella 3012 a common ccontaining described upward annular plate valve 3011 and the described cavitys of going up annular plate valve spring 3013 of forming;

The external diameter at described middle part of going up annular plate valve 3011 is less than the internal diameter of described suction muffler wall 3010, and greater than the internal diameter of described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014; The external diameter on the described upward top of annular plate valve 3011 is less than the internal diameter of described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014; The external diameter of the described upward bottom of annular plate valve 3011 is less than the internal diameter of described suction muffler wall 3010; The described annular plate valve 3011 of going up is set in described expiration chamber wall 3020 outer rims; The described annular plate valve spring 3013 of going up is set in described expiration chamber wall 3020 outer rims, one end is resisted against described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella 3012, the other end is resisted against the bottom of described upward annular plate valve 3011 and produces compressive deformation, on described rapid replacing interface top 30 with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 separately the time, described annular plate valve 3011 middle parts of going up are pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014, and make described top of going up annular plate valve 3011 lean out described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014 inner edges with described expiration chamber wall 3020 outer intermarginal formation annular mouth;

Described expiration apical ring plate 3024 and described expiration bottom circumferential lamella 3022, be fixed in the described expiration chamber wall 3020, described expiration apical ring plate 3024, expiration bottom circumferential lamella 3022 are put described centre valve 3021 and the described cavity of going up centre valve spring 3023 gone up with the 3020 common formation one of described expiration chamber wall; The external diameter at described middle part of going up centre valve 3021 is greater than the diameter of the center hole of described expiration apical ring plate 3024 and described expiration bottom circumferential lamella 3022, and less than the internal diameter of described expiration chamber wall 3020; Described lower end of going up centre valve 3021 places the circular hole at the center of described expiration bottom circumferential lamella 3022, and the upper end places the circular hole at the center of described expiration apical ring plate 3024; Described expiration bottom circumferential lamella 3022 is provided with passage;

The described centre valve spring 3023 of going up is set in the described bottom outer rim that goes up centre valve 3021, one end is resisted against described expiration bottom circumferential lamella 3022, the other end is resisted against the middle part of described upward centre valve 3021 and produces compressive deformation, on described rapid replacing interface top 30 with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 separately the time, described centre valve 3021 middle parts of going up are pressed against on the described expiration apical ring plate 3024, and make described top of going up centre valve spring 3023 lean out the circular hole at the center of described expiration apical ring plate 3024.

Described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 comprises air feed chamber wall 3110, return-air chamber wall 3120, air feed apical ring plate 3114, air feed bottom circumferential lamella 3112, return-air apical ring plate 3124, return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122, following centre valve 3121, following annular plate valve 3111, following annular plate valve spring 3113, following centre valve spring 3123; Described return-air chamber wall 3120 external diameters are less than described air feed chamber wall 3110 internal diameters, described return-air chamber wall 3120 coaxial placing in the described air feed chamber wall 3110;

Described air feed apical ring plate 3114, outer rim are fixed on described air feed chamber wall 3110 inner edges, and inner edge is with described return-air chamber wall 3120 outer intermarginal formation annular mouth;

Described air feed bottom circumferential lamella 3112, outer rim are fixed on described air feed chamber wall 3110 inner edges, and inner edge is fixed on described return-air chamber wall 3120 outer rims; Described air feed bottom circumferential lamella 3112 is provided with passage;

Described air feed chamber wall 3110, return-air chamber wall 3120, air feed apical ring plate 3114, air feed bottom circumferential lamella 3112 a common ccontaining described annular plate valve 3111 down and the described cavitys of annular plate valve spring 3113 down of forming;

The external diameter at the middle part of described down annular plate valve 3111 is less than the internal diameter of described air feed chamber wall 3110, and greater than the internal diameter of described air feed apical ring plate 3114;

The external diameter on the described top of annular plate valve 3111 down is less than the internal diameter of described air feed apical ring plate 3114; The external diameter of the described bottom of annular plate valve down is less than the internal diameter of described air feed chamber wall; Described annular plate valve 3111 down is set in described return-air chamber wall 3120 outer rims; Described annular plate valve spring 3113 down is set in described return-air chamber wall 3120 outer rims, one end is resisted against described air feed bottom circumferential lamella 3112, the other end is resisted against the bottom of described annular plate valve 3111 down and produces compressive deformation, on described rapid replacing interface top 30 with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 separately the time, described annular plate valve 3111 middle parts are down pressed against on the described air feed apical ring plate 3114, and make the described top of annular plate valve 3111 down lean out described air feed apical ring plate 3114 inner edges with described return-air chamber wall 3120 outer intermarginal formation annular mouth;

Described return-air apical ring plate 3124 and described return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122, be fixed in the described return-air chamber wall 3120, described return-air apical ring plate 3124, return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122 are with described return-air chamber wall 3120 common ccontaining described centre valve 3121 down and the described cavitys of centre valve spring 3123 down that form; Described return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122 is provided with passage;

The external diameter at the middle part of described down centre valve 3121 is greater than the diameter of the center hole of described return-air apical ring plate 3124 and described return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122, and less than the internal diameter of described return-air chamber wall 3120;

The described upper end of centre valve 3121 down places the circular hole at the center of described return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122, and the lower end places the circular hole at the center of described return-air apical ring plate 3124;

Described centre valve spring 3123 down is set in the described bottom outer rim of centre valve 3121 down, one end is resisted against described return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122, the other end is resisted against the middle part of described centre valve 3121 down and produces compressive deformation, on described rapid replacing interface top 30 with described rapid replacing interface bottom 31 separately the time, described centre valve 3121 middle parts are down pressed against on the described return-air apical ring plate 3124, and make the described top of centre valve spring 3123 down lean out the circular hole at the center of described return-air apical ring plate 3124.

The rapid replacing interface that this mode is implemented can realize that two gas circuits, both-end seal automatically.The gas circuit that said process distributes is that outer shroud enters oxygen, and center exhalation waste gas can certainly opposite assignment and do not influence its function.

Embodiment six

Based on embodiment five, the bottom of the center hole of described return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122 is provided with limited block;

Described return-air chamber wall 3120 top external diameters are less than the bottom external diameter, and described annular plate valve 3111 internal diameters down are less than described return-air chamber wall bottom external diameter, and described annular plate valve 3111 down is set in described return-air chamber wall 3120 top outer rims;

When described last annular plate valve 3011 middle parts pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014, the length that described top of going up annular plate valve 3011 leans out described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014 tops was last annular plate valve protrusion amount; Described centre valve 3021 middle parts of going up are when pressing against described expiration apical ring plate 3024, and the length that described top of going up centre valve 3021 leans out described expiration apical ring plate 3024 tops is last centre valve protrusion amount; When described following annular plate valve 3111 middle parts pressed against on the described air feed apical ring plate 3114, the length that the described top of annular plate valve 3111 down leans out described air feed apical ring plate 3114 tops was following annular plate valve protrusion amount; When described down centre valve 3121 middle parts pressed against described return-air apical ring plate 3124, the length that the described top of centre valve 3121 down leans out described return-air apical ring plate 3124 tops was centre valve protrusion amount down;

Press against the state on the described air feed apical ring plate 3114 from described down annular plate valve 3111 middle parts, be subjected to spacing displacement to described annular plate valve 3111 down and be annular plate valve maximum displacement down; Press against the state of described return-air apical ring plate 3124 from described centre valve 3121 middle parts down, be subjected to spacing displacement to described centre valve 3121 down and be centre valve maximum displacement down;

The rigidity of described down centre valve spring 3123, less than the described rigidity that goes up centre valve spring 3023, centre valve 3121 down run into spacing before on centre valve spring 3023 motionless;

The rigidity of described down annular plate valve spring 3113, less than the described rigidity that goes up annular plate valve spring 3013, annular plate valve 3111 down run into spacing before on the annular plate valve spring motionless.

The rapid replacing interface that this mode is implemented utilize the selection of position-limit mechanism and spring rate further realize the top gas circuit turn-off earlier, after the function opened.In the process that rapid replacing interface top 30 and rapid replacing interface bottom 31 separate, because greater than the rigidity of following centre valve spring 3123, following annular plate valve spring 3113, can prior to the gas circuit of rapid replacing interface bottom 31 automatically seal respectively by the gas circuit on rapid replacing interface top 301 for the rigidity of last centre valve spring 3023, last annular plate valve spring 3013.In rapid replacing interface top 30 and the process that docks rapid replacing interface bottom 31, because the rigidity of last centre valve spring 3023 is greater than the rigidity of following centre valve spring 3123, and centre valve protrusion amount sum is greater than annular plate valve protrusion amount sum, following centre valve 3121 at first is opened, emit oxygen in the return gas channel to arrange pernicious gas in the environment (peace and quiet jar of inside is intercommunication), as shown in figure 17 (if what connect under the exhalation passages is air bleeding valve, though at this moment there is not the gas discharge than the cleaning of hyperbar, also arrange toxic gas and set up passage smoothly for follow-up clean air, namely follow-up gas of being discharged by annular plate valve down can be before exhalation passages and air intake passage be opened the joint top and the bottom between and the pernicious gas discharge in the air bleeding valve passage); Subsequently, because the rigidity of last annular plate valve spring 3013 is greater than the rigidity of annular plate valve spring 3113 down, following annular plate valve 3111 is opened prior to last annular plate valve, further emits the oxygen in the air supply channel, arranges the pernicious gas in the environment, as shown in figure 18; Subsequently, because it is spacing that the bottom of the center hole of described return-air bottom circumferential lamella 3122 is provided with limited block, following centre valve 3121 can not continue to shrink back, following annular plate valve 3111 is also spacing by the bottom of the bigger expiration chamber wall of external diameter, last centre valve 3021 and last annular plate valve 3011 rollbacks are opened, as shown in figure 19, so far under the help of hermetically-sealed construction, inside and outside two gas circuits have been set up.

Embodiment seven

Based on embodiment six, described expiration chamber wall 3020 is provided with interim gas circuit 3029;

When described last annular plate valve 3011 middle parts pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014, the described annular plate valve 3011 of going up left the interim gas circuit 3029 that arranges on the described expiration chamber wall 3020; When described top of going up annular plate valve 3011 was lower than described air-breathing apical ring plate 3014 tops, the described annular plate valve 3011 of going up covered the interim gas circuit 3029 that arranges on the described expiration chamber wall 3020.

The movement of annular plate valve has further realized the break-make contact of two gas circuits in the rapid replacing interface top in the rapid replacing interface utilization that this mode is implemented.The course of work of rapid replacing interface 3 is as follows, when rapid replacing interface 3 separates, as shown in figure 16, last centre valves 3021 in the rapid replacing interface top 30 and on annular plate valve 3011 respectively last centre valve spring 3023, under the thrust of annular plate valve spring 3013 to external compression expiration apical ring plate 3024, air-breathing apical ring plate 3014, seal two gas circuits, two gas channels of mouthful tool assembly 10 all are hedged off from the outer world, suction muffler wall 3010, expiration chamber wall 3020 are communicated with by interim gas circuit 3029, keep the breathing of short time thereby be convenient to the oxygen that the people consumes in the air bag; When rapid replacing interface 3 separates, following centre valve 3121 in the rapid replacing interface bottom 31 reaches down, and annular plate valve 3111 outwards compresses return-air apical ring plate 3124, air feed apical ring plate 3114 respectively under the thrust of following centre valve spring 3123, following annular plate valve spring 3113, seal two gas circuits, two gas channels of oxygen source assembly 20 all are hedged off from the outer world.The rollback of last annular plate valve 3011 seals the interim gas circuit 3029 on the described expiration chamber wall 3020, forces the high breath of carbon dioxide content by the expiration chamber, enters peace and quiet jar 203.

Embodiment eight

Based on embodiment six, described annular plate valve 3011 inner edges and the described expiration chamber wall 3020 outer intermarginal seals that are provided with gone up; Described annular plate valve 3111 inner edges down and the described return-air chamber wall 3120 outer intermarginal seals that are provided with; The described upper side of going up annular plate valve 3011 middle parts is provided with seal; The described upper side at annular plate valve 3111 middle parts down is provided with seal; The described upper side of going up the middle part of centre valve 3021 is provided with seal; The described upper side at the middle part of centre valve 3121 down is provided with seal.Can also increase and decrease a part of seal as required.Rapid replacing interface top 30 can adopt bayonet socket mode or other quick operating connected modes to keep connection status with rapid replacing interface bottom 31.

Embodiment six to embodiment eight described rapid replacing interfaces have been realized the repertoire of wanting required for the present invention.The implementation of described rapid replacing interface 3 also has a lot, is not limited to said structure, and for example the installation method of spring just has a lot, and movably the shape of valve also can have multiple.Fig. 6, Fig. 7 have also provided the embodiment of two kinds of rapid replacing interfaces 3 roughly.

Embody the system of inventive concept more all sidedly as shown in figure 20.

Mining respiratory protection provided by the invention system, the workman can wear the light self-rescuer with rapid replacing interface with oneself, and the various types of oxygen source parts 2 with rapid replacing interface bottom can be set in the mine; When poison gas occurring, the workman wears the light respiratory protection system that carries immediately and saves oneself, and runs away to comparatively safe places such as mine outlet, survival capsule or refuge chamber rapidly, but or run away to the place that there is the oxygen source of changing-over in compressed air self-help system location etc.; Change on the way and use the standby portability oxygen source that lays in advance, until fleeing from the toxic gas environment, successfully escape danger.

Mining respiratory protection provided by the invention system, because the oxygen source of a plurality of kinds part all has identical rapid replacing interface bottom, so the oxygen source of a plurality of kinds part can with dock use with a bite tool part by rapid replacing interface, can realize the switching fast and safely between the various respiratory protection resource under the mines such as self-rescuer, respirator, oxygen cylinder, inflatable vest, compressed air self-help apparatus, thereby can overcome the short restriction of self-rescuer guard time of carrying, fully utilize various oxygen sources under the mine effectively, the raising personnel chance of being rescued.

The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention; particularly the structure of rapid replacing interface part can have abundant variation; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

The using method of respiratory protection provided by the present invention system is as follows:

Respiratory protection disclosed by the invention system is used for the underground labour's respiratory protection under the case of emergency, generally to be equipped with one or more respiratory protection systems, organically constitute a respiratory protection system, wherein contain a kind of portable respiratory protection system at least, the application process of this method comprises following steps:

1. make various respiratory protection system according to interchangeable principle between the system, all be made into mouthful tool assembly 1 and oxygen source 2 two parts, between two parts by interchangeable rapid replacing interface 3 combinations.

2. the workman is equipped with the lightest respiratory protection system of step 1 preparation with oneself.

3. lay the respiratory protection system of step 1 preparation: place respiratory protection system movably along the evacuation route compartment of terrain or meet the portability oxygen source of butt joint standard, spacing distance meets the wearer can reach the requirement that next oxygen source replenishes the place before the portable oxygen source of wear exhausts.

4. if the fixedly respiratory protection system of oxygen source is arranged, it is installed in refuge chamber, or survival capsule etc. meets the position of mine requirement.

5. when poison gas occurring, the workman wears the light system of saving oneself that carries immediately, runs away to the mine outlet rapidly.

6. all personnel keeps wearing the mouth tool assembly of wearing at first always, and after this replacement port tool assembly and only change oxygen source not until successfully escaping danger, is changed on the way and used the standby portability oxygen source that lays in advance, flees from the toxic gas environment.

7. if comparatively safe parts such as survival capsule or refuge chamber are run away in mine outlet blocking-up, or run away to compressed air self-help system location etc. interchangeable spreading phase oxygen source part is arranged.

8. if temporarily can't flee from the toxic gas environment because being short of physical strength or being obstructed, go to fixedly oxygen source nearby, disconnect and keep the source part of the portable oxygen of wearing, and make wear mouthful tool and partly partly dock with the solid oxygen source of deciding, wait for rescue.

9. if the personnel that suffocate are sued and laboured, the oxygen source that exhausts that the personnel of being injured are worn separates, and keeps its mouth tool assembly of initially wearing not take, and in time more renews oxygen source, until the condition that possesses further processing.

10. after the obstruct of passway for escaping is excluded, if using fixedly oxygen source, change the portability oxygen source, go to step 5.

Claims

1. a mining respiratory protection system is characterized in that, it comprises a mouthful tool part, oxygen source part;

Described mouthful of tool part comprises a mouthful tool assembly, rapid replacing interface top; Described oxygen source part comprises oxygen source assembly, rapid replacing interface bottom; Described rapid replacing interface top comprises first gas circuit, second gas circuit, and first gas circuit connects the air intake passage of described mouthful of tool assembly, and second gas circuit connects the exhalation passages of described mouthful of tool assembly; Described rapid replacing interface bottom comprises the 3rd gas circuit, the 4th gas circuit; Described oxygen source assembly comprises source of oxygen and a breath treating apparatus; The 3rd gas circuit connects the air supply channel of described oxygen source assembly, and the 4th gas circuit connects the return gas channel of described oxygen source assembly, and the air supply channel of described oxygen source assembly is connected source of oxygen; Described source of oxygen provides the oxygen of respirability or the device of oxygen enrichment fresh air; Described return gas channel is connected the entrance of breath treating apparatus; If described source of oxygen provides the device of the oxygen of respirability, then described breath treating apparatus is peace and quiet jar, and described peace and quiet jar exhaust outlet connects described the 3rd gas circuit and described source of oxygen air flue is communicated with; If described source of oxygen provides the device of fresh air, then described breath treating apparatus is an one-way exhaust valve, the pressure of exhaling by personnel directly breath discharged to atmosphere;

Described rapid replacing interface top and described rapid replacing interface bottom are adaptive, form a rapid replacing interface jointly; When described rapid replacing interface top separated with described rapid replacing interface bottom, first gas circuit was turn-offed, and second gas circuit is turn-offed, and the 3rd gas circuit is turn-offed, and the 4th gas circuit is turn-offed; When described rapid replacing interface top and described rapid replacing interface lower junction fashionable, the 3rd gas circuit of first gas circuit on described rapid replacing interface top and described rapid replacing interface bottom is connected, the 4th gas circuit of second gas circuit on described rapid replacing interface top and described rapid replacing interface bottom is connected, and first gas circuit is connected, second gas circuit is connected, the 3rd gas circuit is connected, and the 4th gas circuit is connected;

Described mouthful of tool assembly comprises a mouthful tool, breather cheek valve, expiratory one-way valve; First gas circuit in the described rapid replacing interface top is communicated with described breather cheek valve entrance; Described breather cheek valve outlet is communicated with described mouthful of tool or is integral with the mouth tool; Described breather cheek valve is opened when the user is air-breathing by the mouth tool, and people's oral cavity is communicated with air intake passage; Described expiratory one-way valve is arranged in the exhalation passages of described mouthful of tool assembly, and described expiratory one-way valve entrance is communicated with a mouthful tool or is integral with the mouth tool, and outlet is communicated with second gas circuit on described rapid replacing interface top; Described expiratory one-way valve is opened when the people exhales by the mouth tool, and people's oral cavity is communicated with exhalation passages.

2. mining respiratory protection according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described mouthful of tool assembly comprises air bag; The described air bag first end air flue is communicated with described first gas circuit, and described air bag second end is communicated with described breather cheek valve entrance.

3. mining respiratory protection according to claim 2 system is characterized in that, on the described air bag or on the air intake passage or exhalation passages be provided with relief valve.

4. mining respiratory protection according to claim 3 system is characterized in that, fashionable when described rapid replacing interface top and described rapid replacing interface lower junction, the 3rd gas circuit is at first connected, and the 4th gas circuit is connected then, and first gas circuit, second gas circuit are connected at last; When described rapid replacing interface top separated with described rapid replacing interface bottom, first gas circuit, second gas circuit were at first turn-offed, and the 3rd gas circuit, the 4th gas circuit are turn-offed then.

5. mining respiratory protection according to claim 4 system, it is characterized in that, the mouth tool partly comprises an interim gas circuit between first gas circuit and second gas circuit, when described rapid replacing interface top separates with described rapid replacing interface bottom, described interim gas circuit is connected first gas circuit and second gas circuit, when described rapid replacing interface top and the connection of described rapid replacing interface bottom, described interim gas circuit disconnects.

6. according to any described mining respiratory protection system of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described source of oxygen is a portable oxygen chemical oxygen generator or portable compressed oxygen cylinder or a large-scale compressed oxygen cylinder or other any device that the oxygen of respirability is provided.

7. according to any described mining respiratory protection system of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described source of oxygen is that a portable compressed air bottle or large-scale compressed air bottle or compressed-air system or air filtration are except the device of the fresh air that respirability is provided of malicious device or other any kind ofs.

8. a rapid replacing interface of realizing the described mining respiratory protection of claim 1 system required function is characterized in that it is made up of rapid replacing interface top and the rapid replacing interface bottom adaptive with it;

Described rapid replacing interface top comprises suction muffler wall, expiration chamber wall, air-breathing apical ring plate, air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella, expiration apical ring plate, expiration bottom circumferential lamella, goes up centre valve, goes up annular plate valve, goes up the annular plate valve spring, goes up the centre valve spring;

Described expiration chamber wall external diameter is less than described suction muffler wall internal diameter, and described expiration chamber wall is coaxial to be placed in the described suction muffler wall;

Described air-breathing apical ring plate, outer rim are fixed on described suction muffler wall inner edge, and inner edge is with forming annular mouth between the wall of described expiration chamber; Described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella, outer rim are fixed on described suction muffler wall inner edge, and inner edge is fixed on described expiration chamber wall outer rim; Described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage; Described suction muffler wall, expiration chamber wall, air-breathing apical ring plate, a common ccontaining described upward annular plate valve and the described cavity of going up the annular plate valve spring of forming of air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella;

The external diameter at described middle part of going up annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described suction muffler wall, and greater than the internal diameter of described air-breathing apical ring plate; The external diameter on the described upward top of annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described air-breathing apical ring plate; The external diameter of the described upward bottom of annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described suction muffler wall; The described annular plate valve of going up is set in described expiration chamber wall outer rim; The described annular plate valve spring of going up, one end is resisted against described air-breathing bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against described upward annular plate valve and produces compressive deformation, when separating with described rapid replacing interface bottom on described rapid replacing interface top, the described annular plate valve middle part of going up is pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate, and make described top of going up annular plate valve lean out the annular mouth that forms between described air-breathing apical ring plate inner edge and the described expiration chamber wall outer rim;

Described expiration apical ring plate and described expiration bottom circumferential lamella are fixed in the wall of described expiration chamber, and described expiration apical ring plate, expiration bottom circumferential lamella are with a common ccontaining described upward centre valve and the described cavity of going up the centre valve spring of forming of described expiration chamber wall; Described expiration bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage; The external diameter at described middle part of going up centre valve is greater than the diameter of the center hole of described expiration apical ring plate and described expiration bottom circumferential lamella, and less than the internal diameter of described expiration chamber wall; Described lower end of going up centre valve places the center hole of described expiration bottom circumferential lamella, and the upper end places the center hole of described expiration apical ring plate; The described centre valve spring of going up, one end is resisted against described expiration bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against described upward centre valve and produces compressive deformation, when separating with described rapid replacing interface bottom on described rapid replacing interface top, the described centre valve of going up is pressed against on the described expiration apical ring plate, and make described top of going up centre valve lean out the center hole of described expiration apical ring plate.

Described rapid replacing interface bottom comprises air feed chamber wall, return-air chamber wall, air feed apical ring plate, air feed bottom circumferential lamella, return-air apical ring plate, return-air bottom circumferential lamella, following centre valve, following annular plate valve, following annular plate valve spring, following centre valve spring;

Described return-air chamber wall external diameter is less than described air feed chamber wall internal diameter, and described return-air chamber wall is coaxial to be placed in the wall of described air feed chamber;

Described air feed apical ring plate, outer rim are fixed on described air feed chamber wall inner edge, the outer intermarginal formation annular mouth of inner edge and described return-air chamber wall; Described air feed bottom circumferential lamella, outer rim are fixed on described air feed chamber wall inner edge, and inner edge is fixed on described return-air chamber wall outer rim; Described air feed bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage;

Described air feed chamber wall, return-air chamber wall, air feed apical ring plate, a common ccontaining described annular plate valve down and the described cavity of annular plate valve spring down of forming of air feed bottom circumferential lamella; The external diameter at the middle part of described down annular plate valve is less than the internal diameter of described air feed chamber wall, and greater than the internal diameter of described air feed apical ring plate; The external diameter on the described top of annular plate valve down is less than the internal diameter of described air feed apical ring plate; The external diameter of the described bottom of annular plate valve down is less than the internal diameter of described air feed chamber wall; Described annular plate valve down is set in described return-air chamber wall outer rim; Described annular plate valve spring down, one end is resisted against described air feed bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against described annular plate valve down and produces compressive deformation, when described rapid replacing interface top separates with described rapid replacing interface bottom, described annular plate valve down middle part is pressed against on the described air feed apical ring plate, and make the described top of annular plate valve down lean out the annular mouth that forms between described air feed apical ring plate inner edge and the described return-air chamber wall outer rim;

Described return-air apical ring plate and described return-air bottom circumferential lamella are fixed in the wall of described return-air chamber, and described return-air apical ring plate, return-air bottom circumferential lamella are with a common ccontaining described centre valve down and the described cavity of centre valve spring down of forming of described return-air chamber wall; Described return-air bottom circumferential lamella is provided with passage; The external diameter at the middle part of described down centre valve is greater than the diameter of the center hole of described return-air apical ring plate and described return-air bottom circumferential lamella, and less than the internal diameter of described return-air chamber wall; The described lower end of centre valve down places the center hole of described return-air bottom circumferential lamella, and the upper end places the center hole of described return-air apical ring plate;

Described centre valve spring down, one end is resisted against described return-air bottom circumferential lamella, the other end is resisted against described centre valve down and produces compressive deformation, when described rapid replacing interface top separates with described rapid replacing interface bottom, described centre valve down middle part is pressed against on the described return-air apical ring plate, and make the described top of centre valve down lean out the center hole of described return-air apical ring plate.

9. rapid replacing interface according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described return-air bottom circumferential lamella is provided with the following spacing structure of centre valve; Wall bottom, described return-air chamber external diameter forms the position limiting structure to following annular plate valve greater than the top external diameter, described annular plate valve internal diameter down is less than described return-air chamber wall bottom external diameter, and described annular plate valve down is set in wall top, described return-air chamber outer rim;

When described upward annular plate valve middle part pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate, the length that described top of going up annular plate valve leans out described air-breathing apical ring plate top was last annular plate valve protrusion amount; When described upward centre valve middle part pressed against on the described expiration apical ring plate, the length that described top of going up centre valve leans out described expiration apical ring plate top was last centre valve protrusion amount; When described down annular plate valve middle part pressed against on the described air feed apical ring plate, the length that the described top of annular plate valve down leans out described air feed apical ring plate top was annular plate valve protrusion amount down; When described down centre valve middle part pressed against on the described return-air apical ring plate, the length that the described top of centre valve down leans out described return-air apical ring plate top was centre valve protrusion amount down; Described down annular plate valve between described air feed apical ring plate and position limiting structure movably ultimate range be annular plate valve maximum displacement down; Described down centre valve between described return-air apical ring plate and position limiting structure movably ultimate range be centre valve maximum displacement down;

Following centre valve protrusion amount is greater than centre valve maximum displacement down, and following annular plate valve protrusion amount is greater than annular plate valve maximum displacement down, and following centre valve protrusion amount is greater than following annular plate valve protrusion amount; Following centre valve protrusion amount and last centre valve protrusion amount sum are greater than centre valve maximum displacement down, and following annular plate valve protrusion amount and last annular plate valve protrusion amount sum are greater than annular plate valve maximum displacement down; Following centre valve protrusion amount and last centre valve protrusion amount sum are greater than following annular plate valve protrusion amount and last annular plate valve protrusion amount sum;

The described rigidity of centre valve spring down is less than the described rigidity that goes up the centre valve spring; The described rigidity of annular plate valve spring down is less than the described rigidity that goes up the annular plate valve spring; In rapid replacing interface top and the rapid replacing interface bottom docking operation, following centre valve run into spacing before on the centre valve spring not compressed, annular plate valve down run into spacing before on the annular plate valve spring not compressed.

10. rapid replacing interface according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described expiration chamber wall is provided with interim gas circuit; When described upward annular plate valve middle part pressed against on the described air-breathing apical ring plate, described upward annular plate valve left the hole of the interim gas circuit of conduct that arranges on the wall of described expiration chamber; When described top of going up annular plate valve was lower than described air-breathing apical ring plate top, the described annular plate valve of going up covered the interim gas circuit that arranges on the wall of described expiration chamber.

11. according to Claim 8,9,10 any described rapid replacing interfaces, it is characterized in that the described annular plate valve inner edge of going up is with the outer intermarginal seal that is provided with of described expiration chamber wall; Described annular plate valve inner edge down is with the outer intermarginal seal that is provided with of described return-air chamber wall; The described upper side of going up the annular plate valve middle part is provided with seal; The upper side at described annular plate valve down middle part is provided with seal; The described upper side of going up the middle part of centre valve is provided with seal; The described upper side at the middle part of centre valve down is provided with seal.

12. according to Claim 8,9,10 any described rapid replacing interfaces, it is characterized in that, when rapid replacing interface top after being combined in the rapid replacing interface bottom, rapid replacing interface top and rapid replacing interface bottom adopt the bayonet socket mode to keep connection status.

13. rapid replacing interface according to claim 11 is characterized in that, when rapid replacing interface top after being combined in the rapid replacing interface bottom, rapid replacing interface top and rapid replacing interface bottom adopt the bayonet socket mode to keep connection status.