CN103259286A - Three-level Z source wind power generation grid-connected system - Google Patents
Three-level Z source wind power generation grid-connected system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103259286A CN103259286A CN2013101624934A CN201310162493A CN103259286A CN 103259286 A CN103259286 A CN 103259286A CN 2013101624934 A CN2013101624934 A CN 2013101624934A CN 201310162493 A CN201310162493 A CN 201310162493A CN 103259286 A CN103259286 A CN 103259286A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-level Z source wind power generation grid-connected system, and belongs to the field of wind power generation. The three-level Z source wind power generation grid-connected system comprises a duplex winding vertical axis wind power generator, an unloading protection unit, a first uncontrolled rectification unit, a second uncontrolled rectification unit, a Z source impedance network, a midpoint clamping three-level inverter, a grid-connected current sampling unit, a filter inductor L<f>, a grid-connected voltage sampling unit, a Z network voltage sampling unit, a direct current bus voltage detecting unit, a bidirection DC/DC conversion unit, a charging current detecting unit and a storage battery pack. According to the three-level Z source wind power generation grid-connected system, wind energy is converted into power frequency alternating current through the three-level Z source inverter, the power frequency alternating current is connected into a power grid, and working modes are changed over in real time on the condition of different wind speeds. When the wind energy is abundant, the system is connected to the power grid and also charges the storage battery pack, and the energy is stored; when the wind energy is moderate, the system only conducts grid-connected operation; when the wind speed is relatively low, the system is supplied with electricity by the storage battery pack to conduct the grid-connected operation, and therefore new energy wind power generation and use thereof are realized. The three-level Z source wind power generation grid-connected system is suitable for a small and medium size duplex winding vertical axis wind power generator unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the generation of electricity by new energy field, especially a kind of three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems.
Background technology
THE WIND ENERGY RESOURCES IN CHINA is abundant, and wind power generation will be the important content in utilization of new energy resources.Vertical axis wind power generation system can be accepted the wind of any direction because of it, simple in structure, is easy to the advantages such as installation and maintenance, has vast potential for future development.While having low wind speed due to the large-scale vertical wind generator system at present, be difficult to start, the high wind speed generating efficiency is hanged down inferior problem, the middle-size and small-size vertical axis aerogenerator group of many employings in the system that is incorporated into the power networks.The DC bus-bar voltage that middle-size and small-size system obtains after rectification is lower, can't directly carry out parallel network reverse, a kind of method is to carry out inversion after increasing the DC/DC booster circuit of DC link again, a kind of be after inversion, by duplex frequency boostering transformer, boost again rear grid-connected, the former has increased primary conversion circuit, reduced the system conversion efficiency, the latter has increased device volume and cost.Tracing it to its cause is that interchange outlet side peak value due to traditional electrical die mould inverter is less than DC voltage, belongs to the voltage-dropping type inverter.Novel Z-source inverter is cascade Z source impedance network between conventional inverter and DC power supply, allows bridge arm direct pass, without dead band is set, and antijamming capability strengthens, by inserting pass-through state, realize the output of boosting of inverter, there is very significantly advantage in the generation of electricity by new energy field.
The output voltage of conventional Z-source inverter is two level pulse voltages, and harmonic content is large, need to obtain after filtering the grid-connected current that aberration rate is little, has increased device volume on the one hand, increases on the other hand system cost.Many level Z-source inverter can improve output voltage waveforms greatly, can save filter while being incorporated into the power networks or reduce its volume, and compare with two level, reduced du/dt, available lower switching frequency obtains the output waveform of two level under high switching frequency, thereby multi-electrical level inverter has more significant advantage in generation of electricity by new energy is grid-connected.In addition, due to the uncertainty of wind energy, how realizing the maximum utilization of wind energy, improve the efficiency of wind generator system, is also the major issue that wind power-generating grid-connected system need to solve.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, improve the low problem of middle-size and small-size vertical axis aerogenerator wind energy utilization, a kind of three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems are provided.Adopt a kind of three level Z source single-stage net-connected controllers of realizing the lifting/voltage reducing inversion, greatly reduced the volume of filter, realize being incorporated into the power networks in wide-voltage range.By two-way DC/DC control unit, the DC energy storage storage battery is discharged and recharged to control, realized the maximum utilization of wind energy, improved the operational efficiency of system.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The present invention's three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems, it comprises main circuit part and control circuit part.Wherein main circuit comprises: double winding vertical axis aerogenerator, off-load protected location, 1# are not controlled rectification unit, 2# and are not controlled rectification unit, Z source impedance network, neutral point clamp three-level inverter, grid-connected current sampling unit, filter inductance L
f, line voltage sampling unit, Z net voltage sample unit, DC bus-bar voltage detecting unit, two-way DC/DC converter unit, charging current detecting unit, batteries.
Described three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems, in its main circuit, the winding I leading-out terminal of double winding vertical axis aerogenerator is not controlled rectification unit with 1# and is connected, winding II leading-out terminal is not controlled rectification unit with 2# and is connected, after the AC rectification that wind-driven generator is sent becomes direct current, respectively to DC storage capacitor C
1, C
2charging, DC bus is connected with the neutral point clamp three-level inverter after the Z source impedance network, and wherein the clamp mid point of three-level inverter is connected with two mid point N of not controlling rectification unit, and the ac output end of inverter is through filter inductance L
fwith electrical network, be connected; Grid-connected current sampling unit and filter inductance L
fseries connection, detect grid-connected current, line voltage sampling unit detection of grid voltage, and Z net voltage adopts the output voltage of unit inspection Z source network
;the DC bus side also connects two-way DC/DC converter unit in order to batteries is discharged and recharged to control, and DC bus-bar voltage detecting unit and charging current detecting unit detect respectively the charging and discharging currents of DC bus-bar voltage and batteries.
Described three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems, its control circuit comprises: anemobiagraph, controller, off-load protection, isolation drive 1, isolation drive 2 and isolation drive 3.
Described three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems, its control circuit middle controller is comprised of DSP and FPGA, receive the output signal of anemobiagraph, grid-connected current sampling unit, line voltage sampling unit, Z net voltage sample unit, DC bus-bar voltage detecting unit, charging current detecting unit, DSP mainly is responsible for the realization of software control algorithm, and FPGA is used for sending the pwm pulse of three-level inverter and the power device pwm pulse in two-way DC/DC converter unit.The inverter 12 road pwm pulses of FPGA output are input to switching device through isolation drive 1, the pulse PWM_VT of PWM_DC/DC output
1be input to the power device VT in two-way DC/DC converter unit through isolation drive 2
1, pulse PWM_VT
2be input to power device VT through isolation drive 3
2.Anemobiagraph detects wind speed, wind speed is excessive reach the off-load brake condition after, output switching signal drives the relay in the off-load protected location through the off-load guard signal, and load-off resistance box is put into operation.
In described voltage sample unit, transducer used is the Hall-type voltage sensor, and in current sampling unit, transducer used is the Hall-type current sensor, and described anemobiagraph is the HL-FS2 air velocity transducer.
Device for power switching in described neutral point clamp three-level inverter and two-way DC/DC converter unit is IGBT.
L in described Z source impedance network
1=L
2, C
3=C
4, series diode D
1and D
2, prevent that energy back from flowing.
Described two-way DC/DC converter unit comprises power device VT
1, VT
2and difference sustained diode in parallel
3, D
4, and high-frequency inductor L
3with filter capacitor C
5.
Described controller is DSP and FPGA.
Advantage of the present invention is: Z-source inverter is than traditional electrical die mould inverter, can realize the output direct grid-connected that boosts, boost grid-connectedly without increase booster circuit or inversion side joint Industrial Frequency Transformer in DC side, improve the efficiency of device, and, without dead band, the anti-ability that misleads is strong.Three level Z-source inverters greatly reduce than the output waveform harmonic content of conventional two-level inverter simultaneously, have reduced the volume of grid-connected filter inductance, have reduced du/dt.For taking full advantage of wind energy, the double winding vertical axis aerogenerator in the present invention, improved the power density of blower fan; In DC side and connect two-way DC/DC converter, control the DC/DC converter when wind energy is abundant to battery charging, when wind speed hang down, batteries provides DC power supply for Z-source inverter after the DC/DC converter boost is exported.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The main circuit structure figure that Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention.
The control circuit structure chart that Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is line voltage and grid-connected current.
Fig. 4 is Z-source inverter line voltage and line current.
Fig. 5 is grid-connected current percent harmonic distortion testing result.
Fig. 6 is the voltage and current waveform be operated in execution mode two charge in batteries.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is to take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided concrete execution mode and detailed operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The difference of Z-source inverter and conventional inverter is to have increased pass-through state, and the general maintenance time of leading directly to up and down equates.Constant according to inductive drop mean value in a switch periods, can obtain the relational expression of capacitance voltage and DC power supply in impedance network:
in formula, T
onfor the straight-through time, definition D=T
on/ T is straight-through duty ratio.When pass-through state, the output voltage of Z net is:
three kinds of voltage statuss of brachium pontis output can not change because of the insertion of pass-through state, are still:
inverter output phase voltage peak value is:
in formula, M is modulation degree, and B is the coefficient that boosts.The coefficient B of boosting of three level Z-source inverters=1/ (1-2D), when D=0.5, can obtain the infinitely-great gain of boosting in theory.But the mutual restriction due to boost coefficient and modulation ratio in real system can not reach theoretical value, in the present embodiment, the adjustable extent of straight-through duty ratio D is made as: 0.2～0.35, and according to the Wind Tunnel Data of wind-driven generator, as shown in table 1, set V
dcmax=387V, corresponding wind speed 11m/s, V
dcmin=186V, corresponding wind speed 6m/s.
Table 1 wind-driven generator Wind Tunnel Data
Embodiment one: in present embodiment, detect wind speed, DC bus-bar voltage sampling unit detection busbar voltage by anemobiagraph, when wind speed is that 6m/s～11m/s (is V
dcmin<V
dc<V
dcmax) time, the power switch pipe VT in two-way DC/DC converter
1, VT
2keep turn-offing, the alternating current that wind-driven generator sends as the input of Z-source inverter, is boosted by inverter after rectification, and the output industrial-frequency alternating current is grid-connected.Specific implementation process as shown in Figure 2, line voltage sampling unit detection of grid voltage, utilize software phase-lock loop to obtain synchronizing information θ, after coordinate transform, obtain d, q shaft voltage component simultaneously, and obtain d, q shaft current set-point after active power, the computing of reactive power set-point; The grid-connected current sampling unit detects grid-connected input current, obtain d, q shaft current actual value after coordinate transform, and the deviation between set-point is as the input of current regulator, modulation voltage through adjuster output passes through rotating coordinate transformation, given as the space vector modulation module, output voltage in Z source network voltage sample unit inspection Z net and the deviation of set-point (calculating by line voltage and DC bus-bar voltage), through the straight-through duty ratio D of adjuster output, and as the input of space vector modulation module; SVM module in FPGA modulates 12 road pwm pulses and is input in inverter switch device through isolation drive 1.V
dcduring=358V, line voltage and grid-connected current are real
Test waveform as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 shows that inverter output line voltage and grid-connected current waveform.As seen from the figure, output voltage is many than conventional Z-source inverter level number, is five level, has greatly reduced the harmonic content of output waveform, and the aberration rate of grid-connected current as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment two: in present embodiment, by anemobiagraph, detect wind speed, DC bus-bar voltage sampling unit detection busbar voltage, work as V
dcmax<V
dcand 11m/s<wind speed<21m/s, (after surpassing 21m/s, carrying out off-load brake protection), the power switch pipe VT in two-way DC/DC converter
1normal operation, VT
2permanent cut-off, by antiparallel diode D
4the afterflow passage is provided, and two-way DC/DC converter is operated in the buck chopper pattern, and the electric energy part that wind energy converts to is for grid-connected, and a part is carried out charging energy-storing to storage battery.VT
1the PWM_DC/DC module of pulse drive signal in FPGA produce, be input to VT through isolation drive 2 modules
1.Z-source inverter is operated in grid-connected pattern, and detailed process is shown in execution mode one.The charging voltage of monolithic lead acid accumulator and charging current are as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment three: in present embodiment, by anemobiagraph, detect wind speed, when wind speed is 3～6m/s scope, the power switch pipe VT in two-way DC/DC converter
1permanent cut-off, VT
2normal operation, by antiparallel diode D
3the afterflow passage is provided, and two-way DC/DC converter is operated in the boost chopper pattern.Now, batteries after two-way DC/DC boost chopper, as the DC source of Z-source inverter, after the inversion of boosting, carry out grid-connected, output industrial-frequency alternating current.
While it should be noted that due to the work of two-way DC/DC converter, (especially boost chopper pattern) DC bus-bar voltage can be subject to the storage battery copped wave current potential clamp that boosts, and can not reflect the virtual voltage size of alternating current after rectification that wind-driven generator sends.By measuring wind, judge actual wind energy situation, and then according to the Wind Tunnel Data of wind energy conversion system, tabling look-up obtains corresponding DC bus-bar voltage size and selects the mode of operation of two-way DC/DC converter (permanent shutoff, buck chopper pattern, boost chopper pattern).Select the mode of operation in execution mode one when wind energy is moderate, system only is incorporated into the power networks; Select the mode of operation in execution mode two when wind energy is abundant, system is not only grid-connected but also to the charge in batteries energy storage; When wind speed is low, select the mode of operation in execution mode three, system is incorporated into the power networks by storage battery power supply, guarantees the power supply reliability of important load.
Claims (9)
1. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems; it comprises main circuit and control circuit, and wherein main circuit comprises: double winding vertical axis aerogenerator (winding I(1), winding II(2)), off-load protected location (3), 1# do not control rectification unit (4), 2# is not controlled rectification unit (5), Z source impedance network (6), neutral point clamp three-level inverter (7), grid-connected current sampling unit (8), filter inductance L
f(9), line voltage sampling unit (10), Z net voltage sample unit (11), DC bus-bar voltage detecting unit (12), two-way DC/DC converter unit (13), charging current detecting unit (14), batteries (15).
2. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems; it comprises main circuit and control circuit, and wherein control circuit comprises: anemobiagraph (16), controller (17), off-load protection (18), isolation drive 1(19), isolation drive 2(20), isolation drive 3(21).
3. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the winding I(1 of described double winding vertical axis aerogenerator) leading-out terminal is not controlled rectification unit (4) with 1# and is connected, winding II(2) leading-out terminal is not controlled rectification unit (4) with 2# and is connected, after the AC rectification that wind-driven generator is sent becomes direct current, respectively to DC storage capacitor C
1, C
2charging, DC bus is connected with neutral point clamp three-level inverter (7) after Z source impedance network (6), and wherein the clamp mid point of three-level inverter is connected with two mid point N of not controlling rectification unit, and the ac output end of inverter is through filter inductance L
f(9) with electrical network, be connected; Grid-connected current sampling unit (8) and filter inductance L
f(9) Series detectors grid-connected current, line voltage sampling unit (10) detection of grid voltage, Z net voltage sample unit (11) detects the output voltage of Z source network; The DC bus side also connects two-way DC/DC converter unit in order to batteries (15) is discharged and recharged to control, and DC bus-bar voltage detecting unit (12) and charging current detecting unit (14) detect respectively the charging and discharging currents of DC bus-bar voltage and batteries.
4. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: controller (17) is comprised of DSP and FPGA, receive the output signal of anemobiagraph (16), grid-connected current sampling unit (8), line voltage sampling unit (10), Z net voltage sample unit (11), DC bus-bar voltage detecting unit (12) and charging current detecting unit (14), DSP mainly is responsible for the realization of software control algorithm, and FPGA is used for sending the pwm pulse of power device in the pwm pulse of three-level inverter and two-way DC/DC converter unit.The inverter 12 road pwm pulses of FPGA output are through isolation drive 1(19) be input to switching device, the pulse PWM_VT of PWM_DC/DC output
1through isolation drive 2(20) be input to the power device VT in two-way DC/DC converter unit
1, pulse PWM_VT
2through isolation drive 3(21) be input to power device VT
2.Anemobiagraph (16) detects wind speed, wind speed is excessive reach the off-load brake condition after, controller output off-load guard signal drives the relay in off-load protected location (3), and load-off resistance box is put into operation.
5. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described voltage sample unit, transducer used is the Hall-type voltage sensor, in current sampling unit, transducer used is the Hall-type current sensor, and described anemobiagraph is the HL-FS2 air velocity transducer.
6. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the device for power switching in described neutral point clamp three-level inverter (7) and two-way DC/DC converter unit (13) is IGBT.
7. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that: L in Z source impedance network (6)
1=L
2, C
3=C
4, series diode D
1and D
2to prevent that energy back from flowing.
8. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described two-way DC/DC converter unit (13) comprises power device VT
1, VT
2and difference sustained diode in parallel
3, D
4, and high-frequency inductor L
3with filter capacitor C
5.
9. three level Z source wind power-generating grid-connected systems according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described controller is DSP and FPGA.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103997242A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-08-20 | 南京铁道职业技术学院 | Improved anti-phase laminated carrier wave modulation method for Z-source tri-level inverter |
| CN104201717A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2014-12-10 | 黄守道 | Permanent magnet direct-driven wind power system |
| CN104796019A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-22 | 山东大学 | Z-source three-level PWM (pulse width modulation) rectifier and method for controlling same |
| CN105162339A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Z-source matrix rectifier and vector modulation method thereof |
| CN105244913A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Small grid-connected wind power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN105450076A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2016-03-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Z-source three-level inverter and air conditioning system |
| CN105656335A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-06-08 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | Three-level inverter control circuit |
| CN108599354A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-28 | 南京理工大学 | Multi-machine system energy saver based on Intelligent PID Control |
| CN109995260A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-09 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of power grid control method based on the quasi- source Z three-level inverter |
| CN110148961A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-20 | 上海交通大学 | Grid-connected system is pressed in the floating power generation of medium temperature geothermal energy magnetic based on five-level converter |
| WO2021068750A1 (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-04-15 | 山特电子（深圳）有限公司 | Multi-input power converter, control method therefor, and uninterruptible power supply comprising same |
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| CN103997242A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-08-20 | 南京铁道职业技术学院 | Improved anti-phase laminated carrier wave modulation method for Z-source tri-level inverter |
| CN104201717A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2014-12-10 | 黄守道 | Permanent magnet direct-driven wind power system |
| CN105656335B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2018-05-15 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | three-level inverter control circuit |
| CN105656335A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-06-08 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | Three-level inverter control circuit |
| CN104796019B (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2017-03-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of Z sources three-level PWM rectifier and its control method |
| CN104796019A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-22 | 山东大学 | Z-source three-level PWM (pulse width modulation) rectifier and method for controlling same |
| CN105162339A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Z-source matrix rectifier and vector modulation method thereof |
| CN105162339B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Z source matrixes rectifier and its vector modulation method |
| CN105450076A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2016-03-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Z-source three-level inverter and air conditioning system |
| CN105244913A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Small grid-connected wind power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN108599354A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-28 | 南京理工大学 | Multi-machine system energy saver based on Intelligent PID Control |
| CN108599354B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2021-09-10 | 南京理工大学 | Multi-motor system energy-saving device based on intelligent PID control |
| CN109995260A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-09 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of power grid control method based on the quasi- source Z three-level inverter |
| CN110148961A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-20 | 上海交通大学 | Grid-connected system is pressed in the floating power generation of medium temperature geothermal energy magnetic based on five-level converter |
| WO2021068750A1 (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-04-15 | 山特电子（深圳）有限公司 | Multi-input power converter, control method therefor, and uninterruptible power supply comprising same |
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Application publication date: 20130821 |