CN103255103A - Serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium - Google Patents

Serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103255103A
CN103255103A CN2013101345029A CN201310134502A CN103255103A CN 103255103 A CN103255103 A CN 103255103A CN 2013101345029 A CN2013101345029 A CN 2013101345029A CN 201310134502 A CN201310134502 A CN 201310134502A CN 103255103 A CN103255103 A CN 103255103A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
serum
stem cell
mesenchymal stem
culture medium
fat mesenchymal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2013101345029A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103255103B (en
Inventor
冯文峰
佘志勇
方海庆
陈建兴
Original Assignee
GUANGZHOU ETHICAL BIOTECH CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GUANGZHOU ETHICAL BIOTECH CO Ltd filed Critical GUANGZHOU ETHICAL BIOTECH CO Ltd
Priority to CN201310134502.9A priority Critical patent/CN103255103B/en
Publication of CN103255103A publication Critical patent/CN103255103A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103255103B publication Critical patent/CN103255103B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Abstract

The invention relates to a serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium, which consists of a basic culture medium and added ingredients, wherein the basic culture medium is DMEM-LG, and the added ingredients and the content of each added ingredient are shown as follows: 5 to 20ng/mL of alkaline fiberblast growth factors, 5 to 20ng/mL of epidermal growth factors, 100U/mL of penicillin, 100 micrograms/mL of streptomycin, 50 to 200 micrograms/mL of heparin, 2 to 8mM of L-glutamine, 100 to 300 microM of 2-mercaptoethanol, 500 to 2000U/mL of leukaemia inhibitory factors and 0.5 to 2mM of sodium pyruvate. The serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium does not contain the serum, so that the inter-batch difference and the influence of the serum component on the cell culture can be avoided; the exogenous pollution of the serum and the toxicity of the serum on the cells can be avoided; and the ingredients are clear, so that the research of the psychological regulation mechanism of the cells can be facilitated.

Description

A kind of fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mescenchymal stem cell substratum, especially a kind of fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum that does not have animal serum.
Background technology
(Mesenchymal Stem Cells is the important member of stem cell family MSCs) to mescenchymal stem cell, derives to grow early stage mesoderm and ectoderm.Mescenchymal stem cell is found in marrow at first, because it has multidirectional differentiation potential, hematopoiesis support and promotes characteristics such as stem cell implantation, immunoregulation and self-replacation to be subjected to people's attention day by day.Mescenchymal stem cell is in vivo or under the external specific inductive condition, can be divided into multiple histocytes such as fat, bone, cartilage, muscle, tendon, ligament, nerve, liver, cardiac muscle, endothelium, still have multidirectional differentiation potential after continuous passage cultivation and the freezing preservation, can be used as desirable seed cell and be used for injuries of tissues and organs reparation old and feeble and that pathology causes.
Domestic and international amplification system for mescenchymal stem cell mainly is the foetal calf serum (FBS) that basic medium adds 5-10% concentration at present.Contain foreign protein matter among the FBS, itself has the risk of carrying bacterium, virus, albumen communicable disease or Protein virus.In addition, there are some researches show that stem cell can engulf the albumen in the substratum in culturing process, contain bovine serum albumin (7mg-30mg/10 8Individual cell), can make to produce anti-bovine protein antibody in the recipient's body, cause immune response, thereby cause the patient especially to be lost efficacy in repetition infusion mescenchymal stem cell treatment back treatment.Therefore the unfavorable factor of FBS in the clinical large scale culturing of mescenchymal stem cell comes out gradually, now the substitute of existing a lot of scholar's research FBS.Current more existing company's Development of New Generation serum free mediums.But existing serum free medium or chemical ingredients are uncertain, or expensive, or are difficult to guarantee the consistence between substratum batch.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, be necessary at the problems referred to above, a kind of fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free is provided.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free is made up of basic medium and interpolation composition; Wherein, basic medium is DMEM-LG, and it is as follows to add composition and content thereof:
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor: 5-20ng/mL;
Urogastron: 5-20ng/mL;
Penicillin: 100U/mL;
Streptomycin sulphate: 100 μ g/mL;
Heparin: 50-200 μ g/mL;
L-glutaminate: 2-8mM;
2 mercapto ethanol: 100-300 μ M;
Leukaemia inhibitory factor: 500-2000U/mL;
Sodium.alpha.-ketopropionate: 0.5-2mM.
As a kind of preferred implementation of the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention, described Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor is 15ng/mL; Urogastron is 15ng/mL.
As a kind of preferred implementation of the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention, described heparin is 100 μ g/mL.
As a kind of preferred implementation of the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention, described L-glutaminate is 5mM.
As a kind of preferred implementation of the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention, described 2 mercapto ethanol is 0.1mM.
As a kind of preferred implementation of the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention, described leukaemia inhibitory factor is 1000U/mL.
As a kind of preferred implementation of the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention, described Sodium.alpha.-ketopropionate is 1mM.
The fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention does not contain serum, can avoid differences between batches and serum component to the influence of cell cultures, and cost is low; Avoid the exogenous pollution of serum and to cytotoxic effect; Definite ingredients is conducive to study the cells physiological regulation mechanism.
Description of drawings
The form picture of the fat mesenchymal stem cell that Fig. 1 different dry cell culture medium is cultivated; Figure 1A is the form picture of the fat mesenchymal stem cell of the fat mesenchymal stem cell culture medium culturing of serum-free of the present invention; Figure 1B be the fat mesenchymal stem cell cultivated of common stem cell media the form picture.
Embodiment
In order better to understand the present invention, be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
(Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor is to contain 155 amino acid whose mitogenetic cationic polypeptides bFGF) to Prostatropin, and molecular weight is 16~18.5KD.BFGF has biological action widely, and is influential to growth, differentiation and the function of various kinds of cell, plays a role in normal physiological and pathologic process, and its main biological action has: (1) is as angiogenesis factor; (2) promote wound healing and tissue repair; (3) promote tissue regeneration; (4) participate in neurotization etc.
BFGF has very strong heparin avidity, is the high-affinity district in its 114~123 amino acids, and then there is the low-affinity district at other position.The monoclonal antibody of anti-bFGF and receptors bind does not have influence to itself and heparin-binding capacity, and cancellation has hydroxyl terminal 42 amino acids, and heparin avidity namely disappears, and can lose part biological and learn active.
Heparin is a kind of mucopolysaccharide sulfuric ester of alternately being made up of D-glycosamine, L-iduronic acid, N-acetyl-glucosamine and glucuronic acid, and molecular weight is from 5 to 30kDa, and wherein sulfate radical accounts for 40%.Heparin mainly is to be produced by mastocyte and basophilic granulocyte, and content is abundant in tissues such as lung, the heart, liver, muscle, under the physiological conditions in the blood plasma content very little.No matter still external in vivo, the anticoagulation of heparin is all very strong, so clinical widely-used as antithrombotics it.
(Epidermal Growth Factor EGF) is a kind of little peptide to Urogastron, is made up of 53 amino-acid residues, and EGF is a kind of multifunctional growth factor, and external in vivo all have strong short splitting action to multiple histocyte.
L-glutaminate plays very important effect when cell cultures.Behind the desamidizate, L-glutaminate can be used as the energy derive of culturing cell, the synthetic and nucleic acid metabolism of participation protein; When lacking glutamine, cell poor growth and death.L-glutaminate is very unstable in solution, should put-20 ℃ of stored frozen, in preceding adding substratum.Be added with 4 ℃ of refrigerator storage of liquid nutrient medium two week of L-glutaminate when above, should add the L-glutaminate of original amount again.
2 mercapto ethanol (being called beta-mercaptoethanol again) is a kind of organic compound, and its chemical formula is HOCH 2CH 2SH, it has ethylene glycol (HOCH concurrently 2CH 2OH) and dithioglycol (HSCH 2CH 2SH) functional group is generally used for the reduction of disulfide linkage, the protection disulfide linkage, thus make not oxidized fall of protein and inactivation.
(Leukemia Inhibitory Factor LIF) has the effect of propagation, differentiation and the phenotype of regulating cell to leukaemia inhibitory factor; Sodium.alpha.-ketopropionate (molecular formula CH 3COCOONa, molecular weight 110.04g/mol) can be used as the alternative carbon source in the cell cultures.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free is made up of basic medium and interpolation composition; Wherein, basic medium is DMEM-LG, and it is as follows to add composition and content thereof:
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor: 15ng/mL;
Urogastron: 15ng/mL;
Penicillin: 100U/mL;
Streptomycin sulphate: 100 μ g/mL;
Heparin: 100 μ g/mL;
L-glutaminate: 5mM;
2 mercapto ethanol: 100 μ M;
Leukaemia inhibitory factor: 1000U/mL;
Sodium.alpha.-ketopropionate: 1mM.
The effect of the fat mesenchymal stem cell culture medium culturing fat mesenchymal stem cell of use serum-free of the present invention is as follows.
1. the frozen pipe of fat mesenchymal stem cell separating obtained through conventional collagenase I digestion method and that liquid nitrogen is preserved is taken out from liquid nitrogen, drop into immediately in 37 ℃ of water-baths, slightly shake, liquid all melts back (about 1-1.5 minute), takes out a little alcohol of spray and is put in the Bechtop.
2. above-mentioned fat mesenchymal stem cell after 37 ℃ thaw is drawn onto in the centrifuge tube of the 15mL that the 10mL substratum is housed, with substratum frozen pipe is washed one time, the cell that is bonded on the wall is all washed, 1000 left the heart 5 minutes.
3. supernatant liquor is outwelled, added the above-mentioned substratum that 1mL prepares respectively, cell suspension is got up; Be drawn onto in the 10cm culture dish that the 10mL substratum is housed and all around shake gently, the cell in the culture dish is evenly distributed.
4. mark cell category and date, kinds of culture medium people etc., be put into CO 2Cultivate in the incubator, change substratum behind the cell attachment.
5. when the cell fraction of coverage in the culture dish reaches 80%-90%, adopt the full-automatic cell calculating instrument Countess of Invitrogen company to carry out cell counting.
In basic medium DMEM-LG, add 10% foetal calf serum (volume fraction), in contrast the culture medium culturing fat mesenchymal stem cell.
Use the fat mesenchymal stem cell culture medium culturing fat mesenchymal stem cell of serum-free of the present invention, cell density is 2 * 10 7Individual/mL, as to use control medium to cultivate fat mesenchymal stem cell, cell density is 2 * 10 6Individual/mL.Serum free medium provided by the invention contains the glutamine of high density, can significantly improve the speed of growth of fat mesenchymal stem cell, effectively improves the growth conditions of fat mesenchymal stem cell, keeps the biological characteristics of fat mesenchymal stem cell constant.As shown in Figure 1, the fat mesenchymal stem cell that is incubated in the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free of the present invention keeps good adherent characteristic, and fat mesenchymal stem cell all presents the fibrous cellular form of one-tenth of fusiformis.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (7)

1. the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of a serum-free is made up of basic medium and interpolation composition, and it is characterized in that: basic medium is DMEM-LG, and it is as follows to add composition and content thereof:
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor: 5-20ng/mL;
Urogastron: 5-20ng/mL;
Penicillin: 100U/mL;
Streptomycin sulphate: 100 μ g/mL;
Heparin: 50-200 μ g/mL;
L-glutaminate: 2-8mM;
2 mercapto ethanol: 100-300 μ M;
Leukaemia inhibitory factor: 500-2000U/mL;
Sodium.alpha.-ketopropionate: 0.5-2mM.
2. the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor is 15ng/mL; Urogastron is 15ng/mL.
3. the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heparin is 100 μ g/mL.
4. the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described L-glutaminate is 5mM.
5. the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described 2 mercapto ethanol is 0.1mM.
6. the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described leukaemia inhibitory factor is 1000U/mL.
7. the fat mesenchymal stem cell substratum of serum-free according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Sodium.alpha.-ketopropionate is 1mM.
CN201310134502.9A 2013-04-17 2013-04-17 Serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium Active CN103255103B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310134502.9A CN103255103B (en) 2013-04-17 2013-04-17 Serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310134502.9A CN103255103B (en) 2013-04-17 2013-04-17 Serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103255103A true CN103255103A (en) 2013-08-21
CN103255103B CN103255103B (en) 2015-01-14

Family

ID=48959320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201310134502.9A Active CN103255103B (en) 2013-04-17 2013-04-17 Serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103255103B (en)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103555661A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-05 中国科学院动物研究所 Culture method free of multipotential stem cell without serum and feeder layer
CN103740641A (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-04-23 广州爱菲科生物科技有限公司 Inducing culture medium and inducing method thereof for inducing human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell to be differentiated into islet-like cell
CN105112360A (en) * 2015-07-17 2015-12-02 深圳爱生再生医学科技有限公司 Mass culture method of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
CN105586311A (en) * 2016-03-06 2016-05-18 李倩 Culture medium for culturing human adipose-derived stem cells
CN106434549A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-02-22 江西宜信堂医疗科技有限公司 Serum-free stem cell culture medium and preparation method thereof
CN106635979A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-05-10 广东万海细胞生物科技有限公司 Serum-free culture medium for adipose tissue-derived stromal cells
CN106754675A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-05-31 广东科玮生物技术股份有限公司 A kind of fat stem cell serum free medium and its production and use
CN106906179A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-06-30 四川农业大学 A kind of Seedling height versatile stem cell culture medium
US10513689B2 (en) 2016-04-29 2019-12-24 Hope Biosciences, Llc Culture media for multipotent stem cells
CN111150746A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-15 湖南护宫福生物科技有限公司 Stem cell repair liquid for treating gynecological inflammation by vaginal administration

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101974486A (en) * 2010-11-25 2011-02-16 王泰华 Method for extracting mesenchymal stem cells from trace human fatty tissues and massively culturing
WO2011159359A2 (en) * 2010-06-17 2011-12-22 Stemrd, Inc. Serum-free chemically defined cell culture medium
CN102433301A (en) * 2011-12-02 2012-05-02 上海安集协康生物技术有限公司 Method for extracting and amplifying monoclonal mesenchymal stem cells and culture solution for same
CN102827807A (en) * 2012-09-19 2012-12-19 北京京蒙高科干细胞技术有限公司 Serum-free culture medium for mesenchymal stem cells

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011159359A2 (en) * 2010-06-17 2011-12-22 Stemrd, Inc. Serum-free chemically defined cell culture medium
CN101974486A (en) * 2010-11-25 2011-02-16 王泰华 Method for extracting mesenchymal stem cells from trace human fatty tissues and massively culturing
CN102433301A (en) * 2011-12-02 2012-05-02 上海安集协康生物技术有限公司 Method for extracting and amplifying monoclonal mesenchymal stem cells and culture solution for same
CN102827807A (en) * 2012-09-19 2012-12-19 北京京蒙高科干细胞技术有限公司 Serum-free culture medium for mesenchymal stem cells

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
秦宇红等: "大鼠皮下脂肪分离间充质干细胞的体外培养及鉴定(英文)", 《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103555661A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-05 中国科学院动物研究所 Culture method free of multipotential stem cell without serum and feeder layer
CN103555661B (en) * 2013-10-25 2015-07-29 中国科学院动物研究所 A kind of serum-free, multipotential stem cell cultural method without feeder layer
CN103740641A (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-04-23 广州爱菲科生物科技有限公司 Inducing culture medium and inducing method thereof for inducing human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell to be differentiated into islet-like cell
CN105112360A (en) * 2015-07-17 2015-12-02 深圳爱生再生医学科技有限公司 Mass culture method of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
CN105586311A (en) * 2016-03-06 2016-05-18 李倩 Culture medium for culturing human adipose-derived stem cells
CN105586311B (en) * 2016-03-06 2019-02-22 集钧(上海)医疗科技发展有限公司 It is a kind of for cultivating the culture medium of human adipose-derived stem cell
US10513689B2 (en) 2016-04-29 2019-12-24 Hope Biosciences, Llc Culture media for multipotent stem cells
CN106434549A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-02-22 江西宜信堂医疗科技有限公司 Serum-free stem cell culture medium and preparation method thereof
CN106754675A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-05-31 广东科玮生物技术股份有限公司 A kind of fat stem cell serum free medium and its production and use
CN106635979A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-05-10 广东万海细胞生物科技有限公司 Serum-free culture medium for adipose tissue-derived stromal cells
CN106906179A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-06-30 四川农业大学 A kind of Seedling height versatile stem cell culture medium
CN111150746A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-15 湖南护宫福生物科技有限公司 Stem cell repair liquid for treating gynecological inflammation by vaginal administration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103255103B (en) 2015-01-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103255103B (en) Serum-free adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell culture medium
CN108251359B (en) Mesenchymal stem cell serum-free medium and culture method
Tamama et al. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment on multipotential stromal cells (MSCs). Possible enhancement of therapeutic potential of MSC
Chen et al. Adipose-derived stem cells modified genetically in vivo promote reconstruction of bone defects
CN107494517A (en) Serum-free frozen stock solution and its application in mescenchymal stem cell is frozen
CN106109496A (en) Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells extract freeze-drying powder and preparation method
WO2011101834A1 (en) A method for obtaining mesenchymal stem cells, media, methods and composition thereof
CN103070161A (en) Cryopreservation liquid and cryopreservation method for adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ( ADSC)
US10104881B2 (en) Composition comprising plant-derived recombinant human serum albumin, lipids, and plant protein hydrolysates as active ingredients for cryopreservation of stem cells or primary cells
US20050059152A1 (en) In vitro culture of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and a process for the preparation thereof for therapeutic use
CN104726406A (en) Method for inducing dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells to be differentiated into nerve cells
CN105534848A (en) Cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition and application thereof
CN108795855A (en) A kind of serum free medium of mescenchymal stem cell
CN105112362A (en) Serum-free medium for placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells and preparation method thereof
Hutton et al. Hypoxia inhibits de novo vascular assembly of adipose-derived stromal/stem cell populations, but promotes growth of preformed vessels
CN110257328A (en) A kind of mesenchymal stem cell serum-free culture medium
CN111956668B (en) Skin regeneration and repair cell composition and preparation method thereof
Wang et al. Muscular tubes of urethra engineered from adipose-derived stem cells and polyglycolic acid mesh in a bioreactor
CN102965337A (en) Method for separating and extracting human subcutaneous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and special culture medium for extraction
CN102146359A (en) Method for extracting original mesenchymal stem cells from placenta and serum-free amplification
CN102021143A (en) Pretreatment method for improving migration capability of mesenchymal stem cells
CN105456293A (en) Stem cell-based medicinal product for treating diabetes and preparing method thereof
CN113151165B (en) Culture medium and culture method for human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell amplification
KR101753557B1 (en) Culture medium composition for promoting stem cell proliferation and methods for culturing stem cell
CN112553154A (en) Improved proliferation culture medium for maintaining functions of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: SHE ZHIYONG CHEN JIANXING FANG HAIQING

Effective date: 20140428

Owner name: FENG WENFENG

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: GUANGZHOU ETHICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Effective date: 20140428

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
COR Change of bibliographic data

Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 510070 GUANGZHOU, GUANGDONG PROVINCE TO: 510000 GUANGZHOU, GUANGDONG PROVINCE

TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20140428

Address after: 510000 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Haizhuqu District Xiaogang Road No. 74 room 503

Applicant after: Feng Wenfeng

Applicant after: She Zhiyong

Applicant after: Chen Jianxing

Applicant after: Fang Haiqing

Address before: Guangzhou City, Guangdong province 510070 martyrs Road No. 76 Kiu building 13 Building G room

Applicant before: Guangzhou Ethical Biotech Co., Ltd.

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant