CN103252683A - Five-freedom-degree parallel-serial numerically-controlled machine tool - Google Patents
Five-freedom-degree parallel-serial numerically-controlled machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN103252683A CN103252683A CN2013101645076A CN201310164507A CN103252683A CN 103252683 A CN103252683 A CN 103252683A CN 2013101645076 A CN2013101645076 A CN 2013101645076A CN 201310164507 A CN201310164507 A CN 201310164507A CN 103252683 A CN103252683 A CN 103252683A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a five-freedom-degree parallel-serial numerically-controlled machine tool which comprises a stand column, a machine tool body, a working table and a machining unit. The machining unit comprises a supporting frame, a movable platform, a first branch chain, a second branch chain, a third branch chain and a positioning head, wherein a three-freedom-degree parallel mechanism is formed by the supporting frame, the first branch chain, the second branch chain, the third branch chain and the movable platform, the two-freedom-degree positioning head is further connected on the movable platform in series, when the machine tool is used for machining, the machining unit is driven by five driving devices to adjust gestures at the tail end, and therefore five-shaft linkage machining is achieved. The five-freedom-degree parallel-serial numerically-controlled machine tool is simple in structure, large in ratio of a working space to the mechanism size and high in rigidity and accuracy, has five freedom degrees, can achieve five-shaft linkage, and is suitable for numerically-controlled machining of complicated spatial curved surfaces and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Digit Control Machine Tool, particularly relate to a kind of five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool.
Background technology
In recent ten years, the parallel connection/series-parallel connection machining Digit Control Machine Tool is the hot subject that domestic and international Digit Control Machine Tool research field is paid special attention to.Parallel connection/series-parallel connection machining tool is compared with the Digit Control Machine Tool of traditional structure form has many advantages.Traditional machine tool is series connection, fisher's formula structure, in order to realize five processing, need on traditional Digit Control Machine Tool, increase by two axle control cutter-orientations or control workbench pose again, and these are all by the series connection arranged in form, therefore motional inertia is big when five-axle linkage, rigidity a little less than, dynamic property is relatively poor, terminal cutting precision is lower.And parallel machine is made up of moving platform, silent flatform and several simple series connection side chains, and series-parallel machine tool is parallel institution and located in series head composition, and simple in structure, working space is big with the ratio of mechanism's volume, the rigidity height, the precision height, flexibility is good, is fit to do the digital control processing of complex space curved surface.
By existing patent documentation CN1958229A, CN2476392A, CN1788899A and CN201744858U as can be known, an existing class parallel machine, formed by silent flatform, moving platform and several telescopic branched chains, the key issue that this several patents exists is: they have used ball pivot too much, cause that complete machine rigidity is low, precision is low.The existing described parallel machine of patent documentation CN101774128A, rod member and the hinge of use are more, complex structure, rigidity is not high, and working space is less.Existing patent documentation CN201324943Y and the described parallel machine of CN201833184U adopt Hooke's hinge, Three Degree Of Freedom rotating hinge or ball pivot in a large number, cause complex structure, complete machine rigidity poor.
By existing patent documentation GB2173472(or EP0200369, US4790718), SE8502327(or US4732525), CN1524662, CN1709657A, CN1439492A as can be known, the space series-parallel robot of an existing class band positioning head is used for digital control processing, comprises several adjusting devices that can elongate or shorten vertically; One end of described adjusting device is connected on the fixed mount by Hooke's hinge, and the other end of described adjusting device links to each other with moving platform by the three-rotational-freedom hinge, causes the integral rigidity of mechanism lower, and load capacity is relatively poor; Also added passive side chain in the patent that has and moving platform is rigidly connected, and be connected with fixed mount by Hooke's hinge, with certain several free degree of restriction positioning head.In this robotlike's structure, passive side chain not only makes mechanism become complicated, and moving link quantity is many, and it is interfered in motion process easily, has reduced working space.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool for solving the technical problem that exists in the known technology, this lathe has higher complete machine rigidity, precision and load capacity, and simple in structure, and cost is low, working space is big, can effectively improve machining efficient.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical problem that exists in the solution known technology is: a kind of five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool comprises column, lathe bed, workbench and machining cell; Described column is vertically fixed on the described lathe bed, and described stationary table is connected on the described lathe bed; Described machining cell comprises bracing frame, moving platform, first side chain, second side chain, the 3rd side chain and positioning head, and the support frame as described above vertical rotation is connected on the described lathe bed, is positioned at the right side of described column; Described first side chain comprises that a side chain level connects bearing pin, a side chain supporting plate, a side chain bearing and a side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of a described side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with a described side chain supporting plate; A described side chain bearing and support frame as described above by with they all vertical two described side chain levels be connected bearing pin and be rotationally connected, the driving direction of the pivot center of a described side chain bearing and a described side chain linear drive apparatus and the pivot center of support frame as described above are all vertical, and an end of a described side chain supporting plate and the downside of described moving platform are affixed; Described second side chain comprises that two side chain levels connect bearing pin, two side chain supporting plates, two side chain bearings and two side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of described two side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with described two side chain supporting plates; Described two side chain bearings and support frame as described above by with they all vertical two described two side chain levels be connected bearing pin and be rotationally connected, the driving direction of the pivot center of described two side chain bearings and described two side chain linear drive apparatus and the pivot center of support frame as described above are all vertical, and an end of described two side chain supporting plates and the upside of described moving platform are hinged; Described the 3rd side chain comprises that first fork configuration, three side chains connect bearing pin, three side chain supporting plates, three side chain bearings and three side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of described three side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with described three side chain supporting plates; Described first fork configuration is provided with fork and shank, the fork of described first fork configuration portion within it is hinged by two described three side chains connection bearing pins and described three side chain bearings, the shank of described first fork configuration is connected with the revolute pair that passes on left of described column, an end of described three side chain supporting plates is connected by second fork configuration with described moving platform, described second fork configuration is provided with fork and shank, the fork of described second fork configuration is connected with described three side chain supporting plates by the left end hinge, the shank of described second fork configuration is connected with the left side of described moving platform by revolute pair, and all the driving direction with described three side chain linear drive apparatus is vertical with the pivot center of described left end hinge for the pivot center of described three side chains connection bearing pin; Described positioning head comprises outer support frame, interior support frame and electric main shaft, described outer support frame adopts fork configuration, described outer support frame is provided with the positioning head external hinge that is connected with described moving platform vertical rotation in the outside of fork configuration, described positioning head external hinge is by first driven by servomotor, and described first servomotor is installed on the described moving platform; Described outer support frame the inside of fork configuration by the positioning head internal hinge with described in support frame be connected, described interior support frame is connected by transmission mechanism with second servomotor, described second servomotor is installed on the described outer support frame; The pivot center of described positioning head internal hinge is vertical with the pivot center of described positioning head external hinge; Described electric main shaft is vertically mounted on the described interior support frame.
A described side chain linear drive apparatus comprises with a described side chain bearing by ring flange affixed hollow shaft motor, leading screw, nut, nut support seat and line slideway; The two ends of described leading screw all are fixed on the described side chain supporting plate; Described nut is connected with the output of described hollow shaft motor, described nut is by being threaded on the described leading screw, described nut is connected on the described nut support seat by revolute pair, the bottom of described nut support seat is connected with slide block, described slide block is installed on the described line slideway adaptive with it, and described line slideway is fixed on the described side chain supporting plate; Described leading screw passes described hollow shaft motor, a described side chain bearing and described nut support seat.
The back side of a described side chain supporting plate is provided with gusset, makes the cross section of a described side chain supporting plate T-shaped.
The structure of the structure of described two side chain linear drive apparatus and the described three side chain linear drive apparatus all structure with a described side chain linear drive apparatus is identical.
A described side chain linear drive apparatus, described two side chain linear drive apparatus and described three side chain linear drive apparatus are any one in linear electric motors, hydraulic cylinder and the cylinder.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
One) compare with the series connection lathe, simple in structure, working space is big with the ratio of mechanism's volume, the rigidity height, and the precision height, flexibility is good, is fit to do the digital control processing of complex space curved surface;
Two) owing to have only three active branched chain, reduce passive side chain, thereby reduced moving link quantity, reduced the complexity of mechanism, reduced cost;
Three) because first side chain and moving platform are rigidly connected, can realize direct measurement, thereby make complete machine have high-precision characteristics;
Four) have high rigidity, high accuracy and five degree of freedom, can realize 5-shaft linkage numerical control processing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b) are structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention's first side chain.
The specific embodiment
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, characteristics and effect, exemplify following examples now, and conjunction with figs. is described in detail as follows:
See also Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b), direction hereinafter all is as the criterion with the direction among Fig. 1 (a).A kind of five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool comprises column 1, lathe bed 8, workbench 10 and machining cell; Described column 1 is vertically fixed on the described lathe bed 8, and described workbench 10 is fixedly connected on the described lathe bed 8; Described machining cell comprises bracing frame 2, moving platform 5, first side chain 3, second side chain 4, the 3rd side chain 7 and positioning head 9, and support frame as described above 2 vertical rotation are connected on the described lathe bed 8, is positioned at the right side of described column 1.In the present embodiment, support frame as described above 2 links to each other with lathe bed 8 by thrust ball bearing, and bracing frame 2 has a rotary freedom, and rotation is vertical with lathe bed 8.
See also Fig. 2, described first side chain 3 comprises that a side chain level connects bearing pin 36, a side chain supporting plate 32, a side chain bearing 35 and a side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of a described side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with a described side chain supporting plate 32; A described side chain bearing 35 and support frame as described above 2 by with they all vertical two described side chain levels be connected bearing pin 36 and be rotationally connected, one end and a described side chain bearing 35 of one side chain level connection bearing pin 36 are affixed, and the other end is rotationally connected by bearing and support frame as described above 2.The driving direction of the pivot center of a described side chain bearing 35 and a described side chain linear drive apparatus and the pivot center of support frame as described above 2 are all vertical, and end of a described side chain supporting plate 32 and the downside of described moving platform 5 are affixed.In the present embodiment, a described side chain linear drive apparatus comprises the hollow shaft motor 34 affixed with a described side chain bearing 35, leading screw 31, nut 37, nut support seat 38 and line slideway 33, the two ends of described leading screw 31 all are fixed on the described side chain supporting plate 32, described nut 37 is connected with the output of described hollow shaft motor 34, described nut 37 is by being threaded on the described leading screw 31, described nut 37 is connected on the described nut support seat 38 by revolute pair, the bottom of described nut support seat 38 is connected with slide block, described slide block is installed on the line slideway adaptive with it 38, and described line slideway 38 is fixed on the described side chain supporting plate 32; Described leading screw 31 passes described hollow shaft motor 34, a described side chain bearing 35 and described nut support seat 38.Hollow shaft motor 34 drives nut 37 rotations, and nut 37 drives leading screw 31 and moves, and leading screw 31 drives a side chain supporting plate 32 and moves, and has so just realized the telescopic drive of first side chain.Specify that at the back side of a side chain supporting plate 32 gusset has been installed, having formed cross section is the supporting plate of T shape, this is because first side chain 3 is rigidly connected with moving platform 5, is bearing most of power and moment, arranges that T shape supporting plate is conducive to improve complete machine rigidity.Second and third side chain 4,7 is mainly used to adjust the moving platform attitude, and power and the moment of bearing are less, therefore can use the not supporting plate of sheet with rib.
The version of one side chain linear drive apparatus is not limited to said structure, can also be in linear electric motors, hydraulic cylinder and the cylinder any one.
Described second side chain 4 is with the something in common of described first side chain 3: described second side chain comprises that two side chain levels are connected bearing pin, two side chain supporting plates, two side chain bearings and two side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of described two side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with described two side chain supporting plates; Described two side chain bearings and support frame as described above by with they all vertical two described two side chain levels be connected bearing pin and be rotationally connected, the driving direction of the pivot center of described two side chain bearings and described two side chain linear drive apparatus and the pivot center of support frame as described above are all vertical.
The difference of described second side chain and described first side chain is: an end of described two side chain supporting plates and the upside of described moving platform are hinged, and hinge is the revolute pair that bearing pin and bearing constitute.
Described the 3rd side chain 7 comprises that first fork configuration 6, three side chains connect bearing pin, three side chain supporting plates, three side chain bearings and three side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of described three side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with described three side chain supporting plates; Described first fork configuration is provided with fork and shank, the fork of described first fork configuration 6 portion within it is hinged by two described connection bearing pins and described three side chain bearings, the shank of described first fork configuration 6 is connected with the revolute pair that passes on left of described column 1, an end of described three side chain supporting plates is connected by second fork configuration with described moving platform 5, described second fork configuration is provided with fork and shank, the fork of described second fork configuration is connected with described three side chain supporting plates by the left end hinge, the shank of described second fork configuration is connected by the left side of revolute pair with described moving platform 5, and all the driving direction with described three side chain linear drive apparatus is vertical with the pivot center of described left end hinge for the pivot center of described three side chains connection bearing pin.
Scheme is preferably: all the structure with a described side chain linear drive apparatus is identical for the structure of the structure of described two side chain linear drive apparatus and described three side chain linear drive apparatus.
Described positioning head 9 comprises outer support frame 92, interior support frame 95 and electric main shaft 94, described outer support frame 92 adopts fork configuration, described outer support frame 92 is provided with the positioning head external hinge that is connected with described moving platform 5 vertical rotation in the outside of its fork configuration, described positioning head external hinge is driven by first servomotor 91, and described first servomotor 91 is installed on the described moving platform 5; Described outer support frame 92 the inside of its fork configuration by the positioning head internal hinge with described in support frame 95 be connected, support frame 95 is connected by transmission mechanism with second servomotor 93 in described, and described second servomotor 93 is installed on the described outer support frame 92; The pivot center of described positioning head internal hinge is vertical with the pivot center of described positioning head external hinge; Described electric main shaft 94 is vertically mounted on the described interior support frame 95.
Above-mentioned positioning head 9 has two rotational freedoms, adopts modularized design, and outer support frame 92 and moving platform 5 are connected by bearing, by 91 drivings of first servomotor; Interior support frame 95 is installed on the outer support frame 92, support frame 95 rotations in controlling by second servomotor 93 and gear drive, and interior support frame 95 is used for installing electric main shaft 94; The rotation of inside and outside support frame is vertical.
In machining cell, bracing frame 2, first side chain 3, second side chain 4, the 3rd side chain 7 and moving platform 5 have formed 3-freedom parallel mechanism, again at two-freedom positioning head 9 of moving platform 5 series connection, lathe has five drive units to drive machining cells to adjust terminal attitude adding man-hour, thereby realizes five-axle linkage processing.
More than be schematically to the description of the present invention and embodiment thereof, do not have restricted, also one of the embodiments of the present invention just shown in the accompanying drawing, practical structures is not limited thereto.So; if those of ordinary skill in the art is enlightened by it; under the situation that does not break away from the invention aim; adopt other forms of side chain, drive unit, hinge to connect and positioning head; without Creative Design; propose frame mode and the embodiment similar to technique scheme, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool is characterized in that, comprises column, lathe bed, workbench and machining cell; Described column is vertically fixed on the described lathe bed, and described stationary table is connected on the described lathe bed;
Described machining cell comprises bracing frame, moving platform, first side chain, second side chain, the 3rd side chain and positioning head, and the support frame as described above vertical rotation is connected on the described lathe bed, is positioned at the right side of described column;
Described first side chain comprises that a side chain level connects bearing pin, a side chain supporting plate, a side chain bearing and a side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of a described side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with a described side chain supporting plate; A described side chain bearing and support frame as described above by with they all vertical two described side chain levels be connected bearing pin and be rotationally connected, the driving direction of the pivot center of a described side chain bearing and a described side chain linear drive apparatus and the pivot center of support frame as described above are all vertical, and an end of a described side chain supporting plate and the downside of described moving platform are affixed;
Described second side chain comprises that two side chain levels connect bearing pin, two side chain supporting plates, two side chain bearings and two side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of described two side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with described two side chain supporting plates; Described two side chain bearings and support frame as described above by with they all vertical two described two side chain levels be connected bearing pin and be rotationally connected, the driving direction of the pivot center of described two side chain bearings and described two side chain linear drive apparatus and the pivot center of support frame as described above are all vertical, and an end of described two side chain supporting plates and the upside of described moving platform are hinged;
Described the 3rd side chain comprises that first fork configuration, three side chains connect bearing pin, three side chain supporting plates, three side chain bearings and three side chain linear drive apparatus, and the output of described three side chain linear drive apparatus is connected with described three side chain supporting plates; Described first fork configuration is provided with fork and shank, the fork of described first fork configuration portion within it is hinged by two described three side chains connection bearing pins and described three side chain bearings, the shank of described first fork configuration is connected with the revolute pair that passes on left of described column, an end of described three side chain supporting plates is connected by second fork configuration with described moving platform, described second fork configuration is provided with fork and shank, the fork of described second fork configuration is connected with described three side chain supporting plates by the left end hinge, the shank of described second fork configuration is connected with the left side of described moving platform by revolute pair, and all the driving direction with described three side chain linear drive apparatus is vertical with the pivot center of described left end hinge for the pivot center of described three side chains connection bearing pin;
Described positioning head comprises outer support frame, interior support frame and electric main shaft, described outer support frame adopts fork configuration, described outer support frame is provided with the positioning head external hinge that is connected with described moving platform vertical rotation in the outside of fork configuration, described positioning head external hinge is by first driven by servomotor, and described first servomotor is installed on the described moving platform; Described outer support frame the inside of fork configuration by the positioning head internal hinge with described in support frame be connected, described interior support frame is connected by transmission mechanism with second servomotor, described second servomotor is installed on the described outer support frame; The pivot center of described positioning head internal hinge is vertical with the pivot center of described positioning head external hinge; Described electric main shaft is vertically mounted on the described interior support frame.
2. five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a described side chain linear drive apparatus comprises hollow shaft motor, leading screw, nut, nut support seat and the line slideway affixed with a described side chain bearing;
The two ends of described leading screw all are fixed on the described side chain supporting plate;
Described nut is connected with the output of described hollow shaft motor, described nut is by being threaded on the described leading screw, described nut is connected on the described nut support seat by revolute pair, the bottom of described nut support seat is connected with slide block, described slide block is installed on the described line slideway adaptive with it, and described line slideway is fixed on the described side chain supporting plate;
Described leading screw passes described hollow shaft motor, a described side chain bearing and described nut support seat.
3. five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that the back side of a described side chain supporting plate is provided with gusset, makes the cross section of a described side chain supporting plate T-shaped.
4. five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, all the structure with a described side chain linear drive apparatus is identical for the structure of the structure of described two side chain linear drive apparatus and described three side chain linear drive apparatus.
5. five degree of freedom series-parallel connection Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that a described side chain linear drive apparatus, described two side chain linear drive apparatus and described three side chain linear drive apparatus are any one in linear electric motors, hydraulic cylinder and the cylinder.
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CN106623993A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 长春理工大学 | Three-freedom-degree parallel spindle head mechanism suitable for horizontal machining |
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CN107671845A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-02-09 | 燕山大学 | A kind of few joint Planar Mechanisms series parallel robot in five degrees of freedom |
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EP3708306A4 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2021-09-15 | Yanshan University | Few-joint over-constrained five-freedom-degree hybrid connection robot |
CN109773591A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-21 | 燕山大学 | Vertical four branch Five-axis NC Machining Center |
CN109773591B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2023-11-10 | 燕山大学 | Vertical four-branch five-axis machining center |
CN114594681A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-07 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | Five-degree-of-freedom servo control system and calibrator |
CN114594681B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2024-05-14 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | Five-degree-of-freedom servo control system and calibrator |
CN112896421A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 天津大学 | Shipborne underwater parallel stable platform |
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