A kind of Chinese medicine composition that is used for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis
Technical field
The present invention relates to used for aquiculture feed additive or drug world, relate to the Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of tilapia feeding process streptococcus intermedius disease and the application in tilapia feed thereof.
Background technology
Tilapia is commonly called as African crucian, white salmon fish, is the breed variety that FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) is recommended to the whole world.Tilapia every year in the breed amount of China up to more than 1,200,000 tons, account for 60% of whole world breed amount, mainly concentrate on Guangdong, Guangxi and area, Fujian, the intensive culture of tilapia is one of pillar of Guangdong Province " shrimp of fish " industrial chain, also is one of main aquaculture of coastal areas such as Guangxi, Fujian.The tilapia growth rapidly, aquaculture cost is low, resistance against diseases is strong, the pathogenic bacteria of many harm four large Chinese carps does not all have influence to tilapia, yet along with the expansion of intensive culture area and increasing of cultivation density, the disease problem of tilapia is serious day by day, particularly streptococcal infection, the streptococcicosis of tilapia is outburst in a single day, and infectiousness is strong, longer duration, the mortality rate height, and the more difficult control of the more high state of an illness of water temperature, annual megathermal period streptococcus great outburst usually causes the tilapia full pool death of breed, the tilapia streptococcicosis is called the tilapia cancer by the raiser, just yields to no remedy in case mean outburst.The research report shows, tilapia streptococcicosis main pathogen comprises Streptococcus iniae, streptococcus agalactiae, secondary Streptococcus lactis (Lister) Lohnis 1909.554., streptococcus dysgalactiae, sea dog streptococcus, Gall's chain coccus, fish Streptococcus lactis (Lister) Lohnis 1909.554. and Sha Shi streptococcus, main diseases is because being because the streptococcal infection brain, the DIABLO warp, organs such as infringement liver, kidney, its morbidity is mainly owing to causing, especially when feed nutrition is unbalanced, nitrogen discharged too much, cause the high dissolved oxygen of water body ammonia nitrogen low.In order to prevent and treat cause of disease, the abuse of environmental improvement agent, disinfectant, parasite killing anthelmintic, antibiotic etc, misuse, may damage the tilapia toxigenicity, long-term Drug abuse also may cause gene mutation and transfer, streptococcus and other pathogen are developed immunity to drugs, produce superbacteria, antibiotic remains is known from experience harmful effects such as generation disables, teratogenesis, mutagenesis to the people simultaneously, influences health and the sustainable development of tilapia aquaculture.
Forbidding gradually along with antibiotic, antibacterials, Chinese herbal medicine plays an important role in the treatment of Animal diseases and prevention, have natural, advantages such as toxic and side effects is few, aboundresources in the Chinese herbal medicine, contain and the closely-related alkaloid of the immunologic function of animal, flavone, tea polyphenols, oligosaccharide, quintessence oil etc., can promote the health of body, reduce antibiotic use.Therefore, at the problems referred to above in the tilapia breed, need a kind of important composition for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis of exploitation badly, to strengthen anti-stress ability and the immunity of tilapia, prevention and treatment tilapia breeding process streptococcus intermedius disease, reduce antibiotic use, promote health and the sustainable development of tilapia aquaculture.Chinese medicine medical science belongs to the traditional medicine of China, and the use by Chinese herbal medicine strengthens the immune function of aquatic animal, and the sickness rate that reduces aquatic animal becomes hot research in recent years.Chinese herbal medicine is particularly useful for intensive, the needs of scale production of current aquatic products industry as the medicine of diseases prevention and treatment, is convenient to carry out colony's control of disease in the high-density breeding.Chinese herbal medicine have residual less, pathogenic bacterium advantage such as be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, its effect not only has direct inhibition and killing action at pathogenic microorganism itself, the more important thing is the object-immunity system of feeding is adjusted, improve immune function and the anti-stress ability of animal, medicinal herb components as medicine or feed additive, is used for the control tilapia and cultures the disease control criterion that the disease that occurs easily meets the nuisanceless aquatic products industry of development fully, produces green aquatic product.In addition, contain multiple nutritional components and bioactive substance in the Chinese herbal medicine, select suitable herbal variety can also play the technique effect of enhancing tilapia anti-stress ability, the growth of promotion tilapia and raising flesh quality.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem that exists in the tilapia breed in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis, it selects for use multiple natural Chinese medicinal herb components compatibility to form, it on the one hand can treat the streptococcal infection tilapia and the streptococcicosis that produces effectively, the growth and breeding that can also suppress the environment streptococcus intermedius simultaneously effectively reduces the risk that streptococcicosis is broken out; On the other hand, can strengthen the anti-stress ability of tilapia, improve the immunity of tilapia, promote the growth of tilapia; It also can avoid antibiotic abuse simultaneously, is conducive to the sound development of culture fishery.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technological means:
A kind of Chinese medicine composition that is used for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis is characterized in that, is made by the raw material of following weight portion: Radix Berberidis 10-15 part, Herba Asari 8-10 part, Fructus Viticis Negundo 3-5 part, Rhizoma Alismatis 3-4 part, Herba Senecionis Scandentis 1-2 part, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 1-2 part, Semen Platycladi 1-2 part, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 2-3 part, Radix Astragali 3-5 part.
Preferably, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 12 parts of Radix Berberidis, 9 parts of Herba Asaris, 4 parts of Fructus Viticis Negundo, 3 parts of Rhizoma Alismatis, 1 part of Herba Senecionis Scandentis, 2 parts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizaes, 1 part of Semen Platycladi, 2 parts of the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali.
Preferably, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 15 parts of Radix Berberidis, 8 parts of Herba Asaris, 5 parts of Fructus Viticis Negundo, 3 parts of Rhizoma Alismatis, 1 part of Herba Senecionis Scandentis, 1 part of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, 2 parts of Semen Platycladi, 2 parts of the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 3 parts of the Radixs Astragali.
The preparation method of Chinese medicine composition of the present invention is: take by weighing herbal raw material by weight, be crushed to after the mixing about the 40-60 order, packing namely.
The application process of Chinese medicine composition of the present invention is: the amount by 0.2 ~ 1.2% is added in the compound feed of tilapia prevention that is used for the tilapia streptococcicosis, perhaps is added in the compound feed of tilapia treatment for the tilapia streptococcicosis by 2 ~ 3% amount.
Chinese medicine composition of the present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect:
The present invention is according to the growth characteristic of tilapia with the problem that exists in culturing, easy ill disease, selected for use natural, the medicinal herb components of safety, follow the preparation principle of " monarch ", kind and the optimum amount of Chinese herbal medicine have finally been determined through repetition test and checking, feasible wherein Synergistic between the various Chinese medicine ingredients, mutually promote, reached fabulous enhancing anti-stress performance, growth promotion, improve immunity, the technique effect of prevention and treatment tilapia streptococcicosis disease, selected Radix Berberidis wherein, also become Radix Berberidis anhweiensis, contain multiple alkaloid, have heat clearing and damp drying, eliminating fire and detoxication has excellent prevention and therapeutical effect to effect to streptococcal infection; Herba Asari has very strong inhibitory action to Hemolytic streptococcus, dysentery bacterium, Bacillus typhi, tubercule bacillus etc., and its volatile oil has refrigeration function; Fructus Viticis Negundo contains 0.1% quintessence oil, contains a large amount of terpene substances in the quintessence oil, and staphylococcus aureus is had very strong inhibitory action; Rhizoma Alismatis contains triterpenoid compound Alisol A etc., has the effect of heat clearing away, eliminating dampness by diuresis, and staphylococcus aureus, streptococcal infection are had therapeutical effect; Contain a large amount of alkaloids substances in the Herba Senecionis Scandentis, have the good restraining effect for common intestinal and skin pathogenic bacterium; Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae has the effect of calming heart and tranquilizing mind, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, and the central nervous system is had tangible sedation, also has certain antibiotic effect; Semen Platycladi is the seed of Cacumen Platycladi, has the effect of tranquilizing by nourishing the heart; The Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae has spleen reinforcing stomach reinforcing, strong body constitution and antibiotic effect; The Radix Astragali has the effect that benefit is defended consolidating superficial resistance and strong body constitution, the nonspecific immunity that it can also enhancing body.Above-mentioned Chinese medicine composition can be treated the streptococcal infection tilapia and the streptococcicosis that produces on the one hand effectively, can also suppress the growth and breeding of environment streptococcus intermedius simultaneously effectively, reduces the risk that streptococcicosis is broken out; On the other hand, can strengthen the anti-stress ability of tilapia, improve the immunity of tilapia, promote the growth of tilapia; It also can avoid antibiotic abuse simultaneously, is conducive to the sound development of culture fishery.
Adopt Chinese medicine composition of the present invention, can effectively prevent breaking out of tilapia breeding process streptococcus intermedius disease, and has higher cure rate for the breed shoal of fish with morbidity, cure rate is up to 50% ~ 70%, changed in the past in case break out, the passive present situation of full pool death has reduced the economic loss that the tilapia streptococcicosis is brought, and has great importance for the development of tilapia aquaculture.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of Chinese medicine composition that is used for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 12 parts of Radix Berberidis, 9 parts of Herba Asaris, 4 parts of Fructus Viticis Negundo, 3 parts of Rhizoma Alismatis, 1 part of Herba Senecionis Scandentis, 2 parts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizaes, 1 part of Semen Platycladi, 2 parts of the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali.Preparation method is: take by weighing herbal raw material by weight, be crushed to after the mixing about the 40-60 order, packing namely.
Embodiment 2:A kind of Chinese medicine composition that is used for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis is made by the raw material of following weight portion: 15 parts of Radix Berberidis, 8 parts of Herba Asaris, 5 parts of Fructus Viticis Negundo, 3 parts of Rhizoma Alismatis, 1 part of Herba Senecionis Scandentis, 1 part of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, 2 parts of Semen Platycladi, 2 parts of the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 3 parts of the Radixs Astragali.Preparation method is: take by weighing herbal raw material by weight, be crushed to after the mixing about the 40-60 order, packing namely.
Embodiment 3: the control of tilapia streptococcicosis and therapeutic test
Prophylactic tria:At the Chinese medicine composition of commercially available mixed feed in the embodiment of the invention 1 of long-term interpolation 0.8%, in the whole cycle of feeding, do not see the generation of streptococcicosis; And do not add shoal of fish Chinese medicine composition of the present invention, that commercially available mixed feed is fed, in the process of feeding more or less have breaking out of streptococcicosis, particularly hot weather, the state of an illness is particularly serious.
Therapeutic test: the tilapia shoal of fish at hot weather breaks out streptococcicosis, the shoal of fish is divided into 4 groups, adopt different therapeutic modalities respectively, group 1 is matched group, adopts common mixed feed to feed; Group 2 is the antibiotic test group, adds about 1% the antibiotic at streptococcal infection in common mixed feed; Group 3 is test group, the Chinese medicine composition of the embodiment of the invention 1 of interpolation 2.5% in common mixed feed; Group 4 is comparative example's group, the Chinese medicine composition of the following composition of interpolation 2.5% in common mixed feed: " 5 parts of Radix Berberidis, 4 parts of Herba Asaris, 5 parts of Fructus Viticis Negundo, 3 parts of Rhizoma Alismatis, 1 part of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, 2 parts of Semen Platycladi, 2 parts of the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes ".Result of the test is the mortality rate 90% of group 1, cure rate 10%; Organizing 2 mortality rates is 65%, cure rate 35%, and growth is obviously slowed down; Organizing 3 mortality rates is 35%, and cure rate is 65%; Group 4 is 60%, and cure rate is 40%.
Shown by above result of the test, the Chinese medicine composition that is used for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis involved in the present invention can effectively prevent and treat the generation that tilapia breeding process streptococcus intermedius infects disease, its dominant mechanism is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacterium in the water, improves fry simultaneously to the resistance of pathogenic bacterium.And behind the tilapia feed additive special of the present invention of feeding, the anti-stress ability of tilapia and immunocompetence strengthen, and the tolerance of high temperature anoxia is made moderate progress, and have improved the survival rate of fry.And under the identical situation of other conditions, the speed of growth tool of the fry that is added with feed additive of the present invention fed has greatly improved, and individuality is obviously greater than contrast and contrast test group, and mouthfeel and quality have also obtained bigger improvement.
In Guangdong, Fujian, large-scale cultivation field, Guangxi breeding process, the Chinese medicine composition that is used for the treatment of the tilapia streptococcicosis involved in the present invention also embodies obvious superiority simultaneously, and average cure rate is up to 68 ~ 75%.
Raw material of the present invention all can be bought from the market.More than disclosed be specific embodiments of the invention only, but the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation, all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.