CN103250875A - Special compound feed for tilapia - Google Patents
Special compound feed for tilapia Download PDFInfo
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- CN103250875A CN103250875A CN2013102280515A CN201310228051A CN103250875A CN 103250875 A CN103250875 A CN 103250875A CN 2013102280515 A CN2013102280515 A CN 2013102280515A CN 201310228051 A CN201310228051 A CN 201310228051A CN 103250875 A CN103250875 A CN 103250875A
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to special compound feed for tilapia, which is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of fish meal, 15-30 parts of soybean meal, 15-30 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-15 parts of cottonseed meal, 10-15 parts of DDSG (Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles), 10-20 parts of flour, 10-12 parts of corn, 4-8 parts of zeolite powder, 1-3 parts of soybean oil, 1-2 parts of fish oil, and 0.6-1.2 parts of special feed additive for the tilapia, and the sum of the parts by weight of the raw materials is 100 parts. The special compound feed for the tilapia can improve the economic benefit of tilapia culture distinctly, enhance the anti-stress capacity of the tilapia significantly, improve the immunity of the tilapia, and reduce the incidences of nutritive fatty liver diseases and streptococcicosis during the culture; a survival rate of the tilapia is increased by 16-20%; the growth of the tilapia is promoted; and the quality of fish is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, relate to a kind of used for aquiculture feed, particularly a kind ofly can improve Tilapia mossambica immunity, effectively reduce the Tilapia mossambica special compound feed that Tilapia mossambica breeding process streptococcus intermedius infects, promotes the Tilapia mossambica growth.
Background technology
Tilapia mossambica is commonly called as African crucian, white salmon, is the breed variety that FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) is recommended to the whole world.Tilapia mossambica every year in the breed amount of China up to more than 1,200,000 tons, account for 60% of whole world breed amount, mainly concentrate on Guangdong, Guangxi and area, Fujian, the intensive culture of Tilapia mossambica is one of pillar of Guangdong Province " shrimp of fish " industrial chain, also is one of main aquaculture of coastal areas such as Guangxi, Fujian.The Tilapia mossambica growth rapidly, aquaculture cost is low, resistance against diseases is strong, the germ of many harm four large Chinese carps does not all have influence to Tilapia mossambica, yet along with the expansion of intensive culture area and increasing of cultivation density, the disease problem of Tilapia mossambica is serious day by day, particularly streptococcal infection, the streptococcosis of Tilapia mossambica is outburst in a single day, and infectiousness is strong, longer duration, death rate height, and the more difficult control of the more high state of an illness of water temperature, annual megathermal period streptococcus great outburst usually causes the Tilapia mossambica full pool death of breed, the Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis is called the Tilapia mossambica cancer by the raiser, just yields to no remedy in case mean outburst.The research report shows that the Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis mainly is owing to the streptococcal infection brain, the DIABLO warp, organs such as infringement liver, kidney, its morbidity is mainly owing to causing, especially when feed nutrition is unbalanced, nitrogen discharged too much, cause the high dissolved oxygen of water body ammonia nitrogen low.In addition; the nutritional fatty liver disease also is the FAQs during the puzzlement Tilapia mossambica is cultured; it directly causes the Tilapia mossambica poor growth; anti-stress ability descends; its also because feed quality is not good, feed nutrition is unbalanced etc. factor bring out; usually ill Tilapia mossambica belly expands and influences exterior quality, and muscle fat content height, and meat nutrition and mouthfeel obviously descend.
Therefore, at the problems referred to above in the Tilapia mossambica breed, need feed addictive and mixed feed that exploitation improves the Tilapia mossambica anti-stress ability badly, to strengthen anti-stress ability and the immunity of Tilapia mossambica, reduce the outburst of Tilapia mossambica breeding process streptococcus intermedius infection and the generation of nutritional fatty liver disease, improve the commodity value of Tilapia mossambica, promote health and the sustainable development of Tilapia mossambica aquaculture.Chinese medicine medical science belongs to the traditional medicine of China, strengthens the immunity function of aquatic livestock by the use of Chinese herbal medicine, and the incidence of disease that reduces aquatic livestock becomes hot research in recent years.Chinese herbal medicine is particularly useful for intensive, the needs of scale production of current aquatic products industry as medicine or the feed addictive of disease prevention and cure, is convenient to carry out colony's control of disease in the high-density breeding.Chinese herbal medicine have residual less, pathogenic bacteria advantage such as be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, its effect not only has direct inhibition and killing action at pathogenic microorganisms itself, the more important thing is the object-immunity system of feeding is adjusted, improve immunity function and the anti-stress ability of feeding animals, medicinal herb components is made into feed addictive, is used for the control Tilapia mossambica and cultures the disease control criterion that the disease that occurs easily meets the nuisanceless aquatic products industry of development fully, produces green aquatic product.In addition, contain multiple nutritional components and bioactivator in the Chinese herbal medicine, select suitable herbal variety can also play the technique effect of enhancing Tilapia mossambica anti-stress ability, the growth of promotion Tilapia mossambica and raising flesh quality.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem that exists in the Tilapia mossambica breed in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of Tilapia mossambica special compound feed, the nutritional labeling and the Tilapia mossambica feed additive special that wherein comprise multiple equilibrium, described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special selects for use multiple natural Chinese medicinal herb components compatibility to form, it can strengthen the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica on the one hand, improve the immunity of Tilapia mossambica, the generation of disease in the control breeding process, can also promote the growth of Tilapia mossambica on the other hand, improve the meat of Tilapia mossambica under the high-density breeding condition; It also can avoid antibiotic abuse simultaneously, is conducive to the sound development of culture fishery.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technological means:
A kind of Tilapia mossambica special compound feed is characterized in that, is made by the raw material of following weight portion: fish meal 3-8 part, dregs of beans 15-30 part, dish dregs of rice 15-30 part, cotton dregs 10-15 part, DDSG 10-15 part, flour 10-20 part, corn 10-12 part, zeolite powder 4-8 part, soya-bean oil 1-3 part, fish oil 1-2 part, 0.6 ~ 1.2 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts.
Preferably, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts in flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts in soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts in fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts.
Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts on Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weighing each Chinese medicine material and carrier by weight, be crushed to respectively about the 60-80 order, mix and stir namely.
The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica special compound feed specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) the raw material proportioning by mixed feed takes by weighing each raw material;
2) raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil that takes by weighing in the step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to the 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
3) in step 2) crushed mixture in add fish oil and the soya-bean oil that step 1) takes by weighing, through the abundant mixing of mixer;
4) mixed material that step 3) is obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
5) pellet that step 4) is granulated places the cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect:
Utilize the Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the present invention Tilapia mossambica of feeding, it can strengthen the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica, improves the immunity of Tilapia mossambica, reduce Tilapia mossambica culture in the generation of the sick and streptococcal infection of nutritional fatty liver.
Comprise the Tilapia mossambica feed additive special in the mixed feed of the present invention, it is according to the growth characteristic of Tilapia mossambica with the problem that exists in culturing, easy ill disease, selected for use natural, the medicinal herb components of safety, follow the preparation principle of " monarch ", kind and the optimum amount of Chinese herbal medicine have finally been determined through repetition test and checking, feasible wherein Synergistic between the various traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, mutually promote, having reached that fabulous enhancing is anti-stress performance, growth promotion, improve immunity, the technique effect of pre-disease prevention, the wherein selected wind-weed has refrigeration function, to staphylococcus, typhoid bacillus and streptococcus have very strong inhibition ability; The Chinese catalpa leaf has another name called wooden king, water paulownia, has clearing heat and detoxicating and insecticidal action, and staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and aerobacteria are had the good restraining effect; Rheum officinale has the effect of clearing heat-fire, promoting blood circulation, removing toxicity for detumescence, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, and gram-positive bacteria and negative bacterium, pathogenic fungus are had antibacterial action; The bark of official magnolia all has the good restraining effect to staphylococcus aureus, Diplococcus pneumopniae, shigella dysenteriae and bacillus anthracis; Wrinkled giant hyssop has the effect of clearing damp relieving summer-heat, also has antimycotic and antispirochetic effect; The red sage root has the effect of calming heart and tranquilizing mind, promoting blood circulation, and central nervous system is had tangible sedation, also has certain antibiotic effect; The seed of Oriental arborvitae is the seed of arbor-vitae, has the effect of mental-tranquilization; Acalypha copperleaf, also name Devil Frown, people amaranth have clearing heat and detoxicating effect, are used for diseases such as enteritis, bacillary dysentery, dermatitis more; The bighead atractylodes rhizome has tonifying spleen benefit stomach, strong physique and antibiotic effect, and the fruit of Chinese wolfberry has nourshing kidney moistening lung and lipotropic effect; The Radix Astragali has the effect that benefit is defended solid table and strong physique, and it can also strengthen the nospecific immunity of body.
Adopt Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the present invention can improve the economic benefit that Tilapia mossambica is cultured significantly, it can significantly strengthen the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica, improve the immunocompetence of Tilapia mossambica, the generation of nutritional fatty liver disease and streptococcosis in the minimizing breeding process, the Tilapia mossambica survival rate improves 16 ~ 20%, and can promote the growth of Tilapia mossambica, improve flesh quality.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of Tilapia mossambica special compound feed, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 4 parts of fish meal, 16 parts of dregs of beans, 16 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 14 parts of cotton dregs, 12 parts of DDSG, 18 parts in flour, 10 parts of corns, 4 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts in soya-bean oil, 2 parts in fish oil, 1 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts.Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts on Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weighing each Chinese medicine material and carrier by weight, be crushed to respectively about the 60-80 order, mix and stir namely.
The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica special compound feed specifically may further comprise the steps:
6) the raw material proportioning by mixed feed takes by weighing each raw material;
7) raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil that takes by weighing in the step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to the 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
8) in step 2) crushed mixture in add fish oil and the soya-bean oil that step 1) takes by weighing, through the abundant mixing of mixer;
9) mixed material that step 3) is obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
10) pellet that step 4) is granulated places the cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
Embodiment 2:A kind of Tilapia mossambica special compound feed is made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts in flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts in soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts in fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts.Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts on Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weighing each Chinese medicine material and carrier by weight, be crushed to respectively about the 60-80 order, mix and stir namely.
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:The animal feeding test
Tilapia mossambica cultivation base, Guangdong, choose essentially identical Tilapia mossambica 5000 tails of upgrowth situation, be divided into five groups at random, adopt cage culture, each cage culture 200 tail, the common commercially available mixed feed of feeding wherein adds different additive components in the mixed feed of each group, group 1 is control group, selects common commercially available Tilapia mossambica mixed feed for use; Group 2 ~ 3 is experimental group, the embodiment of the invention of throwing something and feeding 1,2 Tilapia mossambica special compound feed; Group 4,5 is the contrast test group, and the following comparative experimental example 1 of throwing something and feeding respectively, 2 mixed feed were fed the growth during the record, incidence and final survival rate 4 months.Concrete outcome sees Table 1:
Table 1: Tilapia mossambica growing state table
c
A. contrast experiment's example 1: a kind of compound feed of tilapia, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts in flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts in soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts in fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts.Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 3 parts of the wind-weeds, 2 parts on Chinese catalpa leaf, 8 parts of rheum officinales, 12 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 1 part of the Radix Astragali, 1 part of the seed of Oriental arborvitae, 4 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 21 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
B. comparative experimental example 2: a kind of compound feed of tilapia, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts in flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts in soya-bean oil, 2 parts in fish oil, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts
C. the throw something and feed amount of mixed feed of average every fish is identical, and average feeding volume is the fish tail number of feed total amount/survival of throwing something and feeding every day.
Shown by above animal feeding experiment result, Tilapia mossambica special compound feed involved in the present invention can effectively prevent the generation that Tilapia mossambica breeding process streptococcus intermedius infects illness, its dominant mechanism is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the water, improve fry simultaneously to the resistance of pathogenic bacteria, and in the process of feeding, also find, for the throw something and feed Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the embodiment of the invention 2 of the Tilapia mossambica at susceptible initial stage, it can play certain therapeutic action.And behind the Tilapia mossambica feed additive special of the present invention of feeding, the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica and immunocompetence strengthen, and the tolerance of high temperature anoxic is made moderate progress, and have reduced the generation of " turning over the pool " situation effectively, have improved the survival rate of fry.And under the identical situation of other conditions, the speed of growth tool of the fry that is added with mixed feed of the present invention fed has greatly improved, and individuality is obviously greater than contrast and contrast test group, and mouthfeel and quality have also obtained bigger improvement.
In Fujian, large-scale cultivation field, Guangxi breeding process, Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the present invention has also been obtained similar effect simultaneously, and the culture benefit in per hectare waters has improved about 17%.
Raw material of the present invention all can be bought from the market.More than disclosed be specific embodiments of the invention only, but the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation, all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a Tilapia mossambica special compound feed is characterized in that, is made by the raw material of following weight portion: fish meal 3-8 part, dregs of beans 15-30 part, dish dregs of rice 15-30 part, cotton dregs 10-15 part, DDSG 10-15 part, flour 10-20 part, corn 10-12 part, zeolite powder 4-8 part, soya-bean oil 1-3 part, fish oil 1-2 part, 0.6 ~ 1.2 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts;
Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts on Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders; The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weighing each Chinese medicine material and carrier by weight, be crushed to respectively about the 60-80 order, mix and stir namely getting the Tilapia mossambica feed additive special described in the present invention;
The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica special compound feed specifically may further comprise the steps:
Raw material proportioning by mixed feed takes by weighing each raw material;
The raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil that takes by weighing in the step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to the 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
In step 2) crushed mixture in add fish oil and the soya-bean oil that step 1) takes by weighing, through the abundant mixing of mixer;
The mixed material that step 3) is obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
The pellet that step 4) is granulated places the cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
2. Tilapia mossambica special compound feed according to claim 1 preferably, is made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts in flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts in soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts in fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, above-mentioned each raw materials in part by weight sum is 100 parts.
3. a method for preparing the described Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of claim 1-2 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Raw material proportioning by mixed feed takes by weighing each raw material;
The raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil that takes by weighing in the step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to the 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
In step 2) crushed mixture in add fish oil and the soya-bean oil that step 1) takes by weighing, through the abundant mixing of mixer;
The mixed material that step 3) is obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
The pellet that step 4) is granulated places the cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
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| CN104171493A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-12-03 | 谢松芬 | Tilapia feed |
| CN104366103A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-25 | 广西师范大学 | Overwintering feed for tilapia mossambica and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431628A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 张嘉强 | Mixed feed for red tilapias |
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| CN105831500A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-10 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Special feed for acipenser sinensis |
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| CN103598444B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2016-04-27 | 高雷 | A kind of tilapia feed |
| CN103598444A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-26 | 高雷 | Feed for tilapia mossambica |
| CN103750030A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Nutrient enrichment fodder for improving capability of juvenile tilapia resisting streptococcus agalactiae |
| CN104171493A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-12-03 | 谢松芬 | Tilapia feed |
| CN104366103A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-25 | 广西师范大学 | Overwintering feed for tilapia mossambica and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431628A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 张嘉强 | Mixed feed for red tilapias |
| CN105166491A (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2015-12-23 | 哈尔滨泉兴科技有限公司 | Tilapia feed and preparation method therefor |
| CN105211534A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-06 | 广东恒兴饲料实业股份有限公司 | A kind ofly prevent mixed feed of Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis and preparation method thereof |
| CN105831500A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-10 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Special feed for acipenser sinensis |
| CN106260772A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-04 | 广西正五海洋产业股份有限公司 | A kind of special feed formula improving tilapia body constitution |
| CN106260773A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-04 | 广西正五海洋产业股份有限公司 | A kind of feed formula of tilapia |
| CN110447790A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-15 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of feed fat combination |
| CN110959773A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-07 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Feed additive and feed for preventing streptococcicosis of tilapia mossambica, and preparation method and application of feed additive and feed |
| CN110959773B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2023-03-24 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Feed additive and feed for preventing streptococcicosis of tilapia mossambica, and preparation method and application of feed additive and feed |
| CN114470084A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-05-13 | 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司 | Environment-friendly and efficient composition for preventing and treating white feces of tilapia mossambica as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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