CN103248192B - Power generating and passive electromagnetic damp control system with vibrating plate beam structure - Google Patents
Power generating and passive electromagnetic damp control system with vibrating plate beam structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103248192B CN103248192B CN201310209547.8A CN201310209547A CN103248192B CN 103248192 B CN103248192 B CN 103248192B CN 201310209547 A CN201310209547 A CN 201310209547A CN 103248192 B CN103248192 B CN 103248192B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power generating and passive electromagnetic damp control system with a vibrating plate beam structure, which comprises a mechanical part and a circuit part; the mechanical part comprises the plate beam structure, two permanent magnets and a wall made of non-ferromagnetic substance; one end of the plate beam structure is fixed in the wall, and the other end of the plate beam structure is suspended in air; the two permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged on the wall at the upper and lower sides of the plate beam structure in parallel, and have opposite polarities; the circuit part comprises two electromagnetic solenoid coils with soft iron cores, which are symmetrically mounted at the upper and lower sides of the plate beam structure, close to the permanent magnets, at the outer part of the wall, and the central lines of the coils and the corresponding permanent magnets at the same side are collinear; and the electromagnetic solenoid coils with the soft iron cores, which are serially connected, are connected with a load circuit to form a closed loop. The power generating and passive electromagnetic damp control system with the vibrating plate beam structure utilizes the vibrating and electromagnetic principle to generate power and controls the vibrating of the plate beam structure at the same time, thus being capable of providing power for small-sized power consuming devices such as vehicle-mounted lamps and charging cells.
Description
Technical field
Machinery of the present invention belongs to vibration and noise control technique field, particularly relates to a kind of generating of oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system.
Background technology
In the last few years, along with falling sharply of fossil energy and increasing the weight of of environmental pollution, people improve constantly for the development interest of new forms of energy, and the research particularly for novel environment friendly supply power mode deepens continuously, and new energy acquisition technology is one of the most promising method of alternative traditional supply power mode.Vibration is extensively present in the mechanical system under various operating mode, the aircraft such as ground traffic tools and aircraft, rocket, satellite such as such as automobile, train, steamer, strong vibration not only can affect accuracy and the stability of instrument and meter work, time serious also can because of fatigue rupture life-span of shortening structure, or damage structure because of resonance, meanwhile, the noise produced due to vibration not only causes the pollution of environment, goes back the physical and mental health of entail dangers to operating personnel.Therefore, vibrating power-generation and vibration control system have higher researching value and wide application prospect, and the research report at present for vibration control is a lot, but still has the following disadvantages:
1) traditional vibration control is divided into Passive Control and ACTIVE CONTROL two kinds of methods, and Passive Control mainly adopts damping structure that vibrational energy is transformed into thermal energy consumption and dissipates, and causes the wasting of resources to a certain extent.
2) ACTIVE CONTROL is owing to employing the equipment such as transducer, controller, actuator, does not only utilize the energy of vibration vibration source own, but also will consume a large amount of electric energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of generating of oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system are provided, it utilizes vibration and electromagnetic induction principle to generate electricity, and the vibration of simultaneously control board girder construction, can be the mini electrical equipment such as vehicle-mounted LED lamp, rechargeable battery confession electric energy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of generating of oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and a wall be made up of non-ferromagnetic substance, described slab and girder one end is fixed in described wall, the other end is unsettled, two permanent magnet Parallel Symmetrics are arranged in the described wall of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are contrary; Described circuit part comprises the electromagnetic solenoid coil of two band soft iron cores, described two band soft iron solenoid coil symmetries are installed on the slab and girder upper and lower sides of the described wall outside near permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet centerline collineation that the center line of described coil is corresponding with the same side; Described two band soft iron solenoid coils are connected afterwards and load circuit connects to form a closed-loop path.
Described band soft iron solenoid coil is fixed on described slab and girder.
A kind of generating of oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and two walls be made up of non-ferromagnetic substance, two described walls be arranged in parallel, described slab and girder one end is fixed in wall described in one of them, the other end is unsettled, and two permanent magnet Parallel Symmetrics are arranged in another wall described of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are contrary; Described circuit part comprises the electromagnetic solenoid coil of two band soft iron cores, described band soft iron solenoid coil is symmetricly set in the upper and lower sides of slab and girder free end respectively, and the permanent magnet centerline collineation that the center line of described coil is corresponding with the same side; Described two band soft iron solenoid coils are connected afterwards and load circuit connects to form a closed-loop path, to ensure to produce induced current in the loop.
Described band soft iron solenoid coil is installed on slab and girder, and slab and girder is then fixed on non-ferromagnetic substance and makes on wall.
Described load circuit comprises bridge-type filter rectifier, shunt load after bridge-type filter rectifier; Described bridge-type filter rectifier comprises the bridge rectifier be directly connected with described coil, an electric capacity in parallel after bridge rectifier.
Described permanent magnet adopts bar shaped rare-earth permanent magnet (as neodymium boron permanent magnet), and permanent magnet one end forms N pole, and the other end forms S pole.
Described band soft iron solenoid coil enamelled wire is entwined, and there is soft iron core centre, and the enamelled wire winding direction of two electromagnetic solenoid coil is consistent.
Described load is LED, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment.
Described slab and girder is the object of vibration.
The invention provides two kinds of technical schemes, the first is all arranged on same wall with the slab and girder of soft iron solenoid coil and permanent magnet, and coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation; It two is be arranged on the wall of side with the slab and girder of soft iron solenoid coil, and permanent magnet is then arranged on opposite side wall, same coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation.
Operation principle of the present invention: electromagnetic induction phenomenon refers to the conductor be placed in variation magnetic field, can produce electromotive force, this electromotive force is called induced electromotive force or induced electromotive force, if this conductor is closed into primary Ioops, then this electromotive force can order about electron flow, forms induced current (or induced current).In fact, a part for circuit is when doing cutting magnetic line movement, be equivalent to circuit this part in free electron in magnetic field, do moving not along magnetic line of force direction, therefore free electron can move by the conductor interior orientation that acts on of Lorentz force, if this part place of circuit will form induced current in the closed circuit, if not closed-loop path, two ends will produce induced electromotive force by Accumulating charge; If closed-loop path, be then that electrified wire is in magnetic field, also can be subject to the effect of Ampere force, the action effect of this power always hinders the motion of conductor cutting magnetic force lines.
The present invention's utilization is fixedly installed in the non-ferromagnetic substance strip permanent magnet made on wall and produces invariable magnetic field, band soft iron solenoid coil to be installed on slab and girder and to align with permanent magnet center line, be with moving winding to vibrate together when slab and girder vibrates, winding wire cutting magnetic line produces induced electromotive force, and coil and load circuit (electric light or storage battery) form closed-loop path, and then generation induced current, drive load circuit works, the operation principle of the present invention that Here it is generating.
When slab and girder flexural vibrations, electrified wire on coil can be subject to the effect of Ampere force in the magnetic field that strip permanent magnet is formed, according to Lenz's law, faradic effect always revolts the reason causing it, the motion of the magnetic field force (Ampere force) that the induced current namely on motion conduct is subject to always is revolted (or hinder) conductor, induced current in coil can make again it produce magnetic field, when coil and permanent magnet near time like pole can produce repulsive force, when coil and permanent magnet away from time opposite pole can produce attraction, (power) moment of flexure contrary with oscillating plate girder construction direction will be formed like this, the flexural vibrations of hampering plate girder construction, the principle of the passive electromagnetic damping vibration control of the present invention that Here it is.
In the present invention, permanent magnet adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, and rare earth neodymium boron permanent magnet is the permanent magnet that in current magnet, performance is the strongest, its mechanical property ratio samarium cobalt permanent magnet body and Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet are all good, be easier to the shape required for processing cost invention, in the present invention, permanent magnet is processed into bar shaped, forms N pole like this in permanent magnet one end, the other end forms S pole.
Body of wall is made up of non-magnetic nonferromugnetic material, prevents permanent magnet and materials for wall from having confined bed magnetic loop of one's own.
Coil is band soft iron solenoid coil, be entwined with enamelled wire, there is soft iron core centre, in order to the effect of the efficiency and passive electromagnetic damping vibration control that improve generating, the number of turn of coil should be many as much as possible, and the enamelled wire winding direction of two electromagnetic solenoid coil is consistent.
Rectification circuit adopts bridge rectifier, and the diode docked between two by 4 forms bridge circuit, and bridge rectifier is the most frequently used circuit utilizing the unidirectional general character of diode to carry out rectification.It is two diode current flows that the positive half of input sine wave is divided, and obtains positive output; The negative half portion timesharing of input sine wave, another two diode current flows, because these two diodes are reversal connections, so that export or sinusoidal wave positive half is divided.Therefore, the present invention utilizes this characteristic of this circuit, just makes the electrical current direction of coupled filter circuit and load circuit constant, so that filter circuit is transformed to direct current, improves the utilization ratio of electric energy.
Filter circuit adopts capacitor filter, a capacitor in parallel after bridge rectifier, its principle is that the terminal voltage of capacitor can not acutely transition when circuit state changes, and becomes amplitude to change comparatively smooth direct current the one direction mechanical periodicity current conversion that bridge rectifier exports.
Load can be LED, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment, for illumination or charging, and very convenient and energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Due to the up-down vibration of slab and girder, induced current in the present invention is size variation, from the induced current being with soft iron solenoid coil to flow out after bridge rectifier, become the electric current of one direction mechanical periodicity, after capacitor filtering, induced current becomes the direct current of near flat, can directly power for electric light, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment, this be generating of the present invention and electric energy utilize process.
Just reached the object of generating to oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping vibration control like this by said process, not only effectively control the vibration of mechanical structure, but also be electric energy by the Conversion of Energy of vibration, economic environmental protection and energy saving.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, vibrating power-generation and passive electromagnetic damping vibration control combine together by the present invention, vibration and electromagnetic induction principle is utilized to carry out the vibration of control board girder construction and generate electricity simultaneously, this equipment can be arranged in the plant equipment of vibration generation, as automobile, train etc., decrease vibration equipment, also can be the mini electrical equipment such as vehicle-mounted LED lamp, rechargeable battery and power.
2, the invention provides two kinds of technical schemes, scheme one is slab and girder, band soft iron solenoid coil and permanent magnet be arranged on the wall that same non-ferromagnetic substance makes, and coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation; Scheme two is on the wall made of non-ferromagnetic substance that slab and girder and band soft iron solenoid coil are arranged on side, and permanent magnet is arranged on the wall that opposite side non-ferromagnetic substance makes, same coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation, scheme two is compared with the advantage of scheme one, the end of slab and girder is arranged on soft iron solenoid coil, during slab and girder vibration, the displacement of end is maximum, larger electric current and larger damping force or damping torque can be formed, the vibration of slab and girder can be made comparatively fast to decay.
3, adopt magnet control can produce larger active force to slab and girder, therefore the present invention has good vibration control effect for the slab and girder of high rigidity.
4, adopt bridge rectifier filter circuit, change the induced current of sinusoidal variations into direct current, directly can power for power consumption equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention 1 structural representation;
Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention 2 structural representation;
In Fig. 3 embodiment 1, slab and girder is bent upwards the principle (in figure, arrow is the sense of current) of vibration control and generating;
In Fig. 4 embodiment 1, slab and girder is bent downwardly the principle (in figure, arrow is the sense of current) of vibration control and generating;
In Fig. 5 embodiment 2, slab and girder is bent upwards the principle (in figure, arrow is the sense of current) of vibration control and generating;
In Fig. 6 embodiment 2, slab and girder is bent downwardly the principle (in figure, arrow is the sense of current) of vibration control and generating;
Fig. 7 bridge rectifier filter circuit (in figure, ui is band soft iron solenoid coil output voltage, and uc is the voltage at electric capacity C two ends, and uo is the output voltage of native system);
Fig. 8 is o output voltage waveforms;
Fig. 9 is bridge rectifier output voltage waveforms;
Figure 10 is the voltage oscillogram (in figure, M is voltage max point, and curve mn is the decline curve of capacitor C charging voltage Uc) after capacitor filter;
In figure: 1. the wall made of non-ferromagnetic substance, 2. strip permanent magnet, 3. be with soft iron solenoid coil, 4. wire, 5. slab and girder, 6. diode, 7. electric capacity, 8. load (can be LED, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment), A, B are respectively the numbering of two permanent magnets, C, D are respectively the numbering of two band soft iron solenoid coils, and D1, D2, D3, D4 are respectively four diode numberings of bridge rectifier filter circuit, and N, S are respectively two polarity of magnet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Based on generating and the passive electromagnetic damping control system of the oscillating plate girder construction of permanent magnet, as shown in Figure 1, comprise mechanical part and circuit part.Wherein, mechanical part comprises wall 1, slab and girder 5, the strip permanent magnet 2 that non-ferromagnetic substance is made, and circuit part comprises band soft iron solenoid coil 3, bridge rectifier, capacitive filters, load (can be LED, rechargeable battery or other mini electrical equipment) 8 and wire 4.Described wall is made up of non-ferromagnetic substance; Described slab and girder 5 is the object of vibration; Described strip permanent magnet is divided into A, B two pieces, on the wall 1 that the symmetrical non-ferromagnetic substance being installed on slab and girder upper and lower sides is made respectively; Described band soft iron solenoid 3 coil is divided into C, D two, two band soft iron solenoid coil 3 symmetries are installed on slab and girder 5 upper and lower sides of the described wall outside near permanent magnet, and coil centerline aligns with the strip permanent magnet center line of the same side, wherein, slab and girder 5, band soft iron solenoid coil 3 and permanent magnet are arranged on the wall that same non-ferromagnetic substance makes; Described bridge rectifier is directly connected with coil, an electric capacity 7 in parallel after bridge rectifier, common composition bridge-type filter rectifier; After described load is directly parallel in bridge-type filter rectifier; Described band soft iron solenoid coil, bridge-type filter rectifier and load form a closed-loop path, to ensure to produce induced current in the loop.
Strip permanent magnet adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, A, B two pieces of permanent magnets are used in the present invention, the wall that the non-ferromagnetic substance being installed on the upper and lower both sides of slab and girder is respectively made aligns with band soft iron solenoid coil center line, the strip permanent magnet A left end be installed on wall that non-ferromagnetic substance makes is S pole, right-hand member is N pole, strip permanent magnet B left end is N pole, and right-hand member is S pole, as shown in Figure 1; The object of above-mentioned such installation is to make permanent magnet A and permanent magnet B form magnetic pole loop; the magnetic pole installation direction of certain permanent magnet also can be different from above-mentioned; the direction of winding of electromagnetic solenoid coil also can do corresponding change; to ensure the induced current same-phase being with soft iron solenoid coil C and D; affiliated association area researcher should be understood that this also within protection scope of the present invention.
Coil is band soft iron solenoid coil, is entwined with enamelled wire, and in order to the effect of the efficiency and passive vibration control that improve generating, the number of turn of coil should be many as much as possible, and the enamelled wire winding direction of two electromagnetic solenoid coil is consistent.The present invention uses C, D two to be with soft iron solenoid coil, on the support being installed on the upper and lower both sides of slab and girder respectively and center line align with permanent magnet, slab and girder and permanent magnet are installed on the wall that same non-ferromagnetic substance makes, slab and girder one end near permanent magnet is installed on soft iron solenoid coil, and with plate-girder center line for symmetry;
Rectification circuit adopts bridge rectifier, and the diode 6 docked between two by 4 forms bridge circuit, and bridge rectifier is the most frequently used circuit utilizing the unidirectional general character of diode 6 to carry out rectification.The upper and lower two ends of bridge rectifier are tape splicing soft iron solenoid coil C and D respectively, the follow-up filter circuit of left and right two termination, when slab and girder is bent upwards vibration, inductive current direction as shown in Figure 3, diode pair D1, D4 add forward voltage, Dl, D4 conducting, diode pair D2, D3 add reverse voltage, D2, D3 end, just form closed-loop path by band soft iron solenoid coil C, diode D1, load circuit, diode D4 and coil D in circuit, form induced current by induced electromotive force; When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, inductive current direction as shown in Figure 4, diode pair D2, D3 add forward voltage, D2, D3 conducting, diode pair D1, D4 add reverse voltage, D1, D4 end, and band soft iron solenoid coil D, diode D2, load circuit, diode D3 and coil C form closed-loop path, form induced current by induced electromotive force.So repeat down, result just obtains induced voltage as shown in Figure 8 at the input of bridge rectifier Fig. 7, just obtains the full-wave rectification electric current of non-filtered as shown in Figure 9 at the output of bridge rectifier Fig. 7.
Filter circuit adopts capacitor filter, a capacitor in parallel after bridge rectifier, as shown in Figure 7, its principle is that the terminal voltage of capacitor can not transition when circuit state changes, become amplitude to change comparatively smooth direct current the one direction mechanical periodicity current conversion that bridge rectifier exports, result as shown in Figure 10.When bridge rectifier conducting, power supply is to load circuit on the one hand, capacitor C is charged simultaneously, when ignoring diode forward pressure drop, charging voltage Uc is consistent with the sinusoidal voltage Ui of rising, as shown in Figure 10, charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui reaches maximum at M point simultaneously, then charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui starts to decline, supply power voltage Ui declines sinusoidally, as Ui<Uc, the diode of bridge rectifier conducting bears reverse voltage and ends, capacitor C discharges to load circuit, electric current is still had in load, and Uc presses discharge curve mn declines, at the next positive half period of Ui, work as Ui>Uc, diode is conducting again, capacitor C is charged again, repeat said process, like this, just the object of alternating current inversion of direct current electricity is reached.
When slab and girder is bent upwards vibration, as shown in Figure 3, distance between permanent magnet A and band soft iron solenoid coil C reduces, increased, if circuit closed can produce induced current, according to Lenz's law by the magnetic flux of coil C, faradic effect always revolts the reason causing it, this reason is just by the increase of its magnetic flux, and be therefore with the inductive current direction of soft iron solenoid coil C generation as shown in Figure 3, this is power generation process.Induced current can make again band soft iron solenoid coil C produce magnetic field simultaneously, judge that the pole polarity of coil C left end is N pole according to right hand solenoid rule, right-hand member is S pole, to offset the increase of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil C position is S pole, right-hand member is N pole, and coil C side relative to permanent magnet A is N pole and produces repulsive force, the reduction of both preventions distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and band soft iron solenoid coil D increases, and is reduced by the magnetic flux of coil D, if circuit closed, then according to the inductive current direction of Lenz's law electromagnetic solenoid coil D generation as shown in Figure 3, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make again band soft iron solenoid coil D produce magnetic field simultaneously, judge that the pole polarity of coil D left end is N pole according to right hand solenoid rule, right-hand member is S pole, to offset the reduction of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil D position is N pole, right-hand member is S pole, and coil D side relative to permanent magnet B opposite pole produces attraction, the increase of both preventions distance.Repulsive force is produced between permanent magnet A and coil C, attraction is produced between permanent magnet B and coil D, form a clockwise moment of flexure to slab and girder like this, to hinder its flexural vibrations upwards, this is the control procedure of the embodiment of the present invention 1 slab and girder when being bent upwards vibration.
When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, as shown in Figure 4, distance between permanent magnet A and band soft iron solenoid coil C increases, reduced by the magnetic flux of coil C, if circuit closed can produce induced current, according to Lenz's law electromagnetic solenoid coil C produce inductive current direction as shown in Figure 4, this is power generation process.Induced current makes the pole polarity of coil C left end be S pole simultaneously, right-hand member is N pole, to offset the reduction of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end pole polarity corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil C position is S pole, right-hand member is N pole, coil C side relative to permanent magnet A opposite pole produces attraction, the increase of both preventions distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and band soft iron solenoid coil D reduces, and is increased by the magnetic flux of coil D, if circuit closed, then according to the inductive current direction of Lenz's law electromagnetic solenoid coil D generation as shown in Figure 4, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make again band soft iron solenoid coil D produce magnetic field simultaneously, judge that the pole polarity of coil D left end is S pole according to right hand solenoid rule, right-hand member is N pole, to offset the increase of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil D position is N pole, right-hand member is S pole, and coil D side relative to permanent magnet B like pole produces repulsive force, the reduction of both preventions distance.Attraction is produced between permanent magnet A and coil C, repulsive force is produced between permanent magnet B and coil D, form a counterclockwise moment of flexure to slab and girder like this, with the flexural vibrations that hampering plate girder construction is downward, this is the control procedure of the embodiment of the present invention 1 slab and girder when being bent downwardly vibration.
Embodiment 2:
Based on generating and the passive electromagnetic damping control system of the oscillating plate girder construction of permanent magnet, as shown in Figure 2, comprise mechanical part and circuit part.Wherein, mechanical part comprises wall 1, slab and girder 5, the strip permanent magnet 2 that non-ferromagnetic substance is made, and circuit part comprises band soft iron solenoid coil 3, bridge rectifier, capacitive filters, load (can be LED, rechargeable battery or other mini electrical equipment) 8 and wire 4.Described wall is made up of non-ferromagnetic substance; Described slab and girder 5 is the object of vibration; Described strip permanent magnet 2 is divided into A, B two pieces, on the wall 1 that the symmetrical non-ferromagnetic substance being installed on slab and girder 5 upper and lower sides is made respectively; Described band soft iron solenoid coil 3 is divided into C, D two, the symmetrical both sides being up and down installed on slab and girder 5 free end respectively, and coil centerline aligns with the bar-shaped magnet center line of the same side, wherein, on the wall 1 that the non-ferromagnetic substance that slab and girder 5 and band soft iron solenoid coil 3 are arranged on side is made, and permanent magnet is arranged on the wall that opposite side non-ferromagnetic substance makes; Described bridge rectifier is directly connected with coil, an electric capacity 7 in parallel after bridge rectifier, common composition bridge-type filter rectifier; After described load 8 is directly parallel in bridge-type filter rectifier; Described band soft iron solenoid coil 3, bridge-type filter rectifier and load 8 form a closed-loop path, to ensure to produce induced current in the loop.
Strip permanent magnet 2 adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, A, B two pieces of permanent magnets are used in the present invention, the wall that the non-ferromagnetic substance being installed on the upper and lower both sides of slab and girder is respectively made aligns with band soft iron solenoid coil center line, the strip permanent magnet A left end be installed on wall that non-ferromagnetic substance makes is N pole, right-hand member is S pole, strip permanent magnet B left end is S pole, and right-hand member is N pole, as shown in Figure 2.The object of above-mentioned such installation is to make permanent magnet A and permanent magnet B form magnetic pole loop; the magnetic pole installation direction of certain permanent magnet also can be different from above-mentioned; the direction of winding of electromagnetic solenoid coil also can do corresponding change; to ensure the induced current same-phase being with soft iron solenoid coil C and D; affiliated association area researcher should be understood that this also within protection scope of the present invention.
Coil is band soft iron solenoid coil, is entwined with enamelled wire, and in order to the effect of the efficiency and passive vibration control that improve generating, the number of turn of coil should be many as much as possible, and the enamelled wire winding direction of two electromagnetic solenoid coil is consistent.The present invention uses C, D two to be with soft iron solenoid coil, on the support being installed on the upper and lower both sides of slab and girder respectively and center line align with permanent magnet, slab and girder and permanent magnet are installed on the wall that two non-ferromagnetic substance being parallel to each other make respectively, the end of slab and girder is installed on soft iron solenoid coil, and with plate-girder center line for symmetry.
Rectification circuit adopts bridge rectifier, and the diode 6 docked between two by 4 forms bridge circuit, and bridge rectifier is the most frequently used circuit utilizing the unidirectional general character of diode 6 to carry out rectification.The upper and lower two ends of bridge rectifier are tape splicing soft iron solenoid coil D and C respectively, the follow-up filter circuit of left and right two termination, when slab and girder is bent upwards vibration, inductive current direction as shown in Figure 5, adds forward voltage to diode D1, D4, Dl, D4 conducting, reverse voltage is added to D2, D3, D2, D3 end, and just form closed-loop path by band soft iron solenoid coil D, diode D1, load circuit, diode D4 and coil C, form induced current by induced electromotive force in circuit; When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, inductive current direction as shown in Figure 6, forward voltage is added to D2, D3, D2, D3 conducting, reverse voltage is added to D1, D4, D1, D4 end, and band soft iron solenoid coil C, diode D2, load circuit, diode D3 and coil D form closed-loop path, form induced current by induced electromotive force.So repeat down, result just obtains induced voltage as shown in Figure 8 at the input of bridge rectifier Fig. 7, just obtains the full-wave rectification electric current of non-filtered as shown in Figure 9 at the output of bridge rectifier Fig. 7.
Filter circuit adopts capacitor filter, a capacitor in parallel after bridge rectifier, as shown in Figure 7, its principle is that the terminal voltage of capacitor can not transition when circuit state changes, become amplitude to change comparatively smooth direct current the one direction mechanical periodicity current conversion that bridge rectifier exports, result as shown in Figure 10.When bridge rectifier conducting, power supply is to load circuit on the one hand, capacitor C is charged simultaneously, when ignoring diode forward pressure drop, charging voltage Uc is consistent with the sinusoidal voltage Ui of rising, as shown in Figure 10, charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui reaches maximum at M point simultaneously, then charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui starts to decline, supply power voltage Ui declines sinusoidally, as Ui<Uc, the diode of bridge rectifier conducting bears reverse voltage and ends, capacitor C discharges to load circuit, electric current is still had in load, and Uc presses discharge curve mn declines, at the next positive half period of Ui, work as Ui>Uc, diode is conducting again, capacitor C is charged again, repeat said process, like this, just the object of alternating current inversion of direct current electricity is reached.
Embodiment 2 is identical with embodiment 1 operation principle, but the band soft iron solenoid coil due to embodiment 2 is installed on the end of slab and girder, during slab and girder vibration, the displacement of end is maximum, larger electric current and larger damping force or damping torque can be formed, the vibration of slab and girder can be made comparatively fast to decay.When slab and girder is bent upwards vibration, as shown in Figure 5, distance between permanent magnet A and band soft iron solenoid coil C increases, reduced by the magnetic flux of coil C, if circuit closed, according to Lenz's law electromagnetic solenoid coil C produce inductive current direction as shown in Figure 5, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make again band soft iron solenoid coil C produce magnetic field simultaneously, judge that the pole polarity of coil C left end is N pole according to right hand solenoid rule, right-hand member is S pole, to offset the reduction of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil C position is N pole, right-hand member is S pole, and coil C side relative to permanent magnet A opposite pole produces attraction, the increase of both preventions distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and band soft iron solenoid coil D reduces, and is increased by the magnetic flux of coil D, if the inductive current direction that circuit closed produces according to Lenz's law electromagnetic solenoid coil D as shown in Figure 5, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make again band soft iron solenoid coil D produce magnetic field simultaneously, judge that the pole polarity of coil D left end is N pole according to right hand solenoid rule, right-hand member is S pole, to offset the increase of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil D position is S pole, right-hand member is N pole, and coil D side relative to permanent magnet B like pole produces repulsive force, the reduction of both preventions distance.Attraction is produced between permanent magnet A and coil C, repulsive force is produced between permanent magnet B and coil D, form a clockwise moment of flexure to slab and girder like this, to weaken its flexural vibrations upwards, this is that the embodiment of the present invention 2 slab and girder is bent upwards vibration control process.
When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, as shown in Figure 6, distance between permanent magnet A and band soft iron solenoid coil C reduces, increased by the magnetic flux of coil C, if circuit closed, according to Lenz's law electromagnetic solenoid coil C produce inductive current direction as shown in Figure 6, this is power generation process.Induced current can make again band soft iron solenoid coil C produce magnetic field simultaneously, judge that the field pole of coil C left end is N pole according to right hand solenoid rule, right-hand member is S pole, to offset the reduction of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil C position is S pole, right-hand member is N pole, and coil C side relative to permanent magnet A like pole produces repulsive force, the reduction of both preventions distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and band soft iron solenoid coil D increases, and is reduced by the magnetic flux of coil D, if the inductive current direction that circuit closed produces according to Lenz's law electromagnetic solenoid coil D as shown in Figure 6, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make again band soft iron solenoid coil D produce magnetic field simultaneously, judge that the pole polarity of coil D left end is S pole according to right hand solenoid rule, right-hand member is N pole, to offset the reduction of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron solenoid coil D position is S pole, right-hand member is N pole, and coil D side relative to permanent magnet B opposite pole produces attraction, the increase of both preventions distance.Repulsive force is produced between permanent magnet A and coil C, attraction is produced between permanent magnet B and coil D, form a counterclockwise moment of flexure to slab and girder like this, with the flexural vibrations that hampering plate girder construction is downward, this is the control procedure of the embodiment of the present invention 2 slab and girder when being bent downwardly vibration.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the generating of an oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and a wall be made up of non-ferromagnetic substance, described slab and girder one end is fixed in described wall, the other end is unsettled, and two permanent magnet Parallel Symmetrics are arranged in the described wall of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are contrary; Described circuit part comprises the electromagnetic solenoid coil of two band soft iron cores, described two band soft iron solenoid coil symmetries are installed on the slab and girder upper and lower sides of the described wall outside near permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet centerline collineation that the center line of described coil is corresponding with the same side; Described two band soft iron solenoid coils are connected afterwards and load circuit connects to form a closed-loop path.
2. the generating of oscillating plate girder construction as claimed in claim 1 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, described band soft iron solenoid coil is fixed on described slab and girder.
3. the generating of an oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and two walls be made up of non-ferromagnetic substance, two described walls be arranged in parallel, described slab and girder one end is fixed in wall described in one of them, the other end is unsettled, two permanent magnet Parallel Symmetrics are arranged in another wall described of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are contrary; Described circuit part comprises the electromagnetic solenoid coil of two band soft iron cores, described band soft iron solenoid coil is symmetricly set in the upper and lower sides of slab and girder free end respectively, and the permanent magnet centerline collineation that the center line of described coil is corresponding with the same side; Composition closed-loop path is electrically connected with load circuit after the series connection of described two band soft iron solenoid coils.
4. the generating of oscillating plate girder construction as claimed in claim 3 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, described band soft iron solenoid coil is installed on slab and girder, and slab and girder is then fixed on non-ferromagnetic substance and makes on wall.
5. the generating of the oscillating plate girder construction as described in claim 1 or 3 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, utilization is fixedly installed in the non-ferromagnetic substance strip permanent magnet made on wall and produces invariable magnetic field, drive described coil to vibrate together when slab and girder vibrates, described winding wire cutting magnetic line produces induced electromotive force, and described coil and load circuit form closed-loop path, and then produce induced current, drive load circuit works.
6. the generating of the oscillating plate girder construction as described in claim 1 or 3 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, when slab and girder flexural vibrations, electrified wire on described coil can be subject to the effect of Ampere force in the magnetic field that strip permanent magnet is formed, according to Lenz's law, faradic effect always revolts the reason causing it, the magnetic field force that induced current namely on motion conduct is subject to and Ampere force are always revolted or are hindered the motion of conductor, induced current in coil can make again it produce magnetic field, when coil and permanent magnet near time like pole can produce repulsive force, when coil and permanent magnet away from time opposite pole can produce attraction, a moment contrary with slab and girder direction will be formed like this, the flexural vibrations of hampering plate girder construction.
7. the generating of the oscillating plate girder construction as described in claim 1 or 3 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, described load circuit comprises bridge-type filter rectifier, is parallel with load after bridge-type filter rectifier; Described bridge-type filter rectifier comprises the bridge rectifier be directly connected with described coil, an electric capacity in parallel after bridge rectifier.
8. the generating of the oscillating plate girder construction as described in claim 1 or 3 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, is characterized in that, described permanent magnet adopts bar shaped rare-earth permanent magnet, and permanent magnet one end forms N pole, and the other end forms S pole.
9. the generating of the oscillating plate girder construction as described in claim 1 or 3 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, described band soft iron solenoid coil enamelled wire is entwined, and there is soft iron core centre, and the enamelled wire winding direction of two electromagnetic solenoid coil is consistent.
10. the generating of the oscillating plate girder construction as described in claim 1 or 3 and passive electromagnetic damping control system, is characterized in that, described load is LED, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment.
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