CN103242068B - Preparation method of organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103242068B CN103242068B CN201310178602.1A CN201310178602A CN103242068B CN 103242068 B CN103242068 B CN 103242068B CN 201310178602 A CN201310178602 A CN 201310178602A CN 103242068 B CN103242068 B CN 103242068B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an organic fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly mixing farmland or orchard waste with clay, naturally fermenting the mixture to obtain fermentation master batch; and then, mixing the fermentation master batch with kitchen garbage, fermenting the mixture at a high temperature of 60-80 DEG C to obtain secondary fermentation products; and finally, mixing the farmland or orchard waste, the breeding waste and the clay with the secondary fermentation products, and naturally fermenting the mixture to obtain the organic fertilizer. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, such organic waste as farmland or orchard waste, kitchen garbage and breeding waste is used as raw materials, thereby not only ensuring the low cost, but also reducing the waste emission and relieving the environmental pollution; organic waste is used as a raw material and is fermented for three times to prepare the organic fertilizer, and substances such as biological bacteria are not added, so that the prepared organic fertilizer is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of organic fertilizer.
Background technology
Organic fertilizer refers to that natural organic matter decomposes or the class fertilizer that forms of fermentation through microorganism, has that raw material sources are wide, quantity is large, nutrient is complete, content is low, fertilizer efficiency is slow and grows, improves the soil the features such as soil fertilities is good.Along with the popularization of the concepts such as green food, safety food, Organic food, the production of organic fertilizer and use also present rising tendency.
Can be used for fermentation, to prepare the organic kind of organic fertilizer more, as farmland or orchard wastes such as stalk, dish leaf, branches; The Stock raising wastes such as chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure etc.For cost saving, prior art is general direct mixes the raw materials such as farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, dropping into as fertilizer sources in field uses, but this fertilizer is owing to not passing through the processing such as sterilization, the meeting such as pathogenic bacteria, parasite in raw material exerts an influence to plant, cause disease and pest multiple, be unfavorable for the growth of plant.Prior art also discloses taking Stock raising waste as main raw material, add after farmland or orchard waste, after drying by mechanical pyroprocessing, add biological bacteria and make it the method that organic fertilizer is prepared in fermentation, but not only preparation cost is high for the method, and in the process of hyperthermia drying, although harmful pathogenic bacteria has been killed,, the beneficiating ingredients such as the protein in organic matter also can be destroyed, thereby lose the nutrition of organic fertilizer, affect plant growth.
Meanwhile, along with the raising of people's living standard, the rubbish from cooking of family, hotel, hotels and other places significantly increases.Because the remaining rubbish in kitchen is easier to rot, directly above-mentioned rubbish is abandoned or pile up discarded after, rotten rubbish can polluted underground water and soil, causes that water quality declines to a great extent, vegetation cannot grow, even some rubbish also has pathogenic bacteria after rotting, and affects the mankind's life.In addition, rubbish from cooking can emit bad smell in rotten process, and polluted air affects the healthy of periphery resident.
The inventor considers, can be taking rubbish from cooking, farmland or orchard waste and Stock raising waste etc. as raw material, by fermentation preparation cost low, not containing the organic fertilizer of the objectionable impuritiess such as disease and insect, pathogenic bacteria, not only can reduce the discharge of waste, alleviate environmental pollution, and the organic fertilizer obtaining is during for plant growing, safe and reliable, occur without disease and pest, reach the effect of organic grow.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of organic fertilizer, not only cost is low for preparation method provided by the invention, the discharge that can reduce waste, alleviate environmental pollution, and the organic fertilizer obtaining is safe and reliable.
The preparation method who the invention provides a kind of organic fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
A) by farmland or orchard waste and clay mixing, after spontaneous fermentation, obtain the masterbatch that ferments; Described step a) is specially: farmland or orchard waste and clay are mixed, carry out spontaneous fermentation after being adjusted to water content and being 35%～45%; In fermenting process, within when temperature reaches 60～80 DEG C 2 days, stir once, after being 10%～20% to water content, obtain the masterbatch that ferments;
B) described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carry out thermophilic fermentation, obtain tunning for the second time; Described step b) is specially: described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, being adjusted to C/N ratio is 30%～40%, and water content is 55%～65%, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carries out thermophilic fermentation, obtain tunning for the second time, the time of described thermophilic fermentation is 3～4 months;
C) farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after spontaneous fermentation, obtain organic fertilizer; Described step c) is specially: farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after being adjusted to water content and being 55%～65%, carry out spontaneous fermentation, within every 7 days, stir 1 time, adjust water content to 55%～65% simultaneously, within after the 4th stirs every 1 month, stir 1 time, when temperature to 40 DEG C is following, nature maturation, obtains organic fertilizer.
Preferably, described step a) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves and the first component, described the first component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, fruit shell, tendril and branch;
Described step c) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves and the first component, described the first component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, fruit shell, tendril and branch.
Preferably, described step a) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, described second component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, tendril and branch; The mass ratio of described fallen leaves, fruit shell, the second component and clay is 1～3:0.5～1.5:6～9:0.5～1.5.
Preferably, described step c) in, described Stock raising waste is selected from the mixture of chicken manure or chicken manure and other ight soil, described other ight soil are pig manure or cow dung.
Preferably, described step c) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, described second component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, tendril and branch; Described fallen leaves, fruit shell, the second component, Stock raising waste, clay and for the second time mass ratio of tunning are 0.5～1.5:0.5～1.5:5～8:1～3:1～3:0.5～1.5.
The present invention also provides a kind of organic fertilizer preparing according to the preparation method described in technique scheme.
Compared with prior art, first the present invention by farmland or orchard waste and clay mixing, carries out, after spontaneous fermentation, obtaining the masterbatch that ferments; Then described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carry out thermophilic fermentation, obtain tunning for the second time; Finally farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after spontaneous fermentation, obtain organic fertilizer.The present invention first using farmland or orchard waste and clay carry out spontaneous fermentation as matrix, obtain processing the fermentation masterbatch of rubbish from cooking; Then with this fermentation masterbatch, rubbish from cooking is fermented, obtain the second tunning, then carry out spontaneous fermentation after it is mixed with farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste and clay, obtain organic fertilizer.The present invention taking farmland or the organic waste such as orchard waste, rubbish from cooking and Stock raising waste as raw material, not only cost is low, the discharge that can reduce waste, alleviates environmental pollution; The present invention, taking organic waste as raw material, prepares organic fertilizer through three fermentations, and owing to not adding other materials such as biological bacteria, the organic fertilizer obtaining is safe and reliable; In addition, the present invention passes through spontaneous fermentation, thermophilic fermentation and three fermenting processs of spontaneous fermentation successively, in thermophilic fermentation process, the objectionable impuritiess such as pathogenic bacteria in organic waste, insect ovum, grass-seed are killed, thereby in the organic fertilizer that makes to obtain, do not contain disease and pest unrest or bacterium source, during for plant growing, can there is not disease and pest, reach the effect of organic grow.Experimental result shows, organic fertilizer provided by the invention is safe and reliable, occurs without disease and pest.
Embodiment
The preparation method who the invention provides a kind of organic fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
A) by farmland or orchard waste and clay mixing, after spontaneous fermentation, obtain the masterbatch that ferments;
B) described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carry out thermophilic fermentation, obtain tunning for the second time;
C) farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after spontaneous fermentation, obtain organic fertilizer.
The present invention taking farmland or the organic waste such as orchard waste, rubbish from cooking and Stock raising waste as raw material, not only cost is low, the discharge that can reduce waste, alleviates environmental pollution.
In the present invention, described farmland or orchard waste refer to the residue in farmland or orchard, as stalk, stubble, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shell, tendril, branch and other refuses etc.; Described rubbish from cooking not only comprises the ripe rubbishes from cooking such as leftovers, leftovers, dish leaf, also comprises the raw rubbish from cooking such as pericarp, eggshell, tea grounds, bone, shell, can also comprise the chopsticks use etc., as long as be organic matter, can serve as fermented substrate; Described Stock raising waste refers to the waste producing in breeding process, comprises livestock and poultry manure, hurdle circle wall to wall etc., it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the time that above-mentioned organic volume of waste is larger, those skilled in the art need to pulverize or other processing, make it to be suitable for fermenting meanwhile.
First the present invention mixes farmland or orchard waste with clay, carry out, after spontaneous fermentation, obtaining the masterbatch that ferments.In this spontaneous fermentation process, the microorganism in farmland or orchard waste taking farmland or orchard waste and clay ferment as matrix, the fermentation masterbatch obtaining can continue rubbish from cooking to ferment.In the present invention, described farmland or orchard waste preferably include fallen leaves and the first component, and described the first component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, fruit shell, tendril and branch; Described farmland or orchard waste more preferably comprise fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, and described second component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, tendril and branch.Described clay is sticking soil, and the present invention there is no particular restriction to it.
Farmland or orchard waste mix with clay that to carry out the detailed process of spontaneous fermentation as follows:
Farmland or orchard waste and clay are mixed, carry out spontaneous fermentation after being adjusted to water content and being 35%～45%; In fermenting process, within when temperature reaches 60～80 DEG C 2 days, stir once, after being 10%～20% to water content, obtain the masterbatch that ferments.
When farmland or orchard waste are during for fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, the present invention is preferably deposited in fallen leaves, fruit shell, the second component according to order from light to heavy with clay together with, then stir 1～2 time, each raw material is fully mixed.In the present invention, the mass ratio of described fallen leaves, fruit shell, the second component and clay is preferably 1～3:0.5～1.5:6～9:0.5～1.5, more preferably 2:1:8:1.
After mixing, adjusting its water content is 35%～45%, preferably after 40%, by mixture be placed in rain cover, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is carried out in place that illumination is good.During the fermentation, within when temperature reaches 60～80 DEG C 2 days, stir once, ferment while being 10%～20% to water content, can obtain the masterbatch that ferments.According to various places climate difference, this spontaneous fermentation for the first time approximately needs about 10 days.
Obtain fermenting after masterbatch, described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carry out thermophilic fermentation, obtain tunning for the second time, this process is specifically as follows:
Described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, and being adjusted to C/N ratio is 30%～40%, and water content is 55%～65%, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carries out thermophilic fermentation, obtains tunning for the second time.
The present invention preferably adds rubbish from cooking in described fermentation masterbatch, after stirring, can carry out thermophilic fermentation.The present invention is not particularly limited the consumption of described rubbish from cooking, preferably the amount of rubbish from cooking is controlled at and makes in raw material C/N than the level that is 30%～40%.If the rubbish from cooking amount adding is more, can be by continuing to add the mode of farmland or orchard waste to adjust C/N ratio, now, described farmland or orchard waste are preferably fruit shell and second component.First add fruit shell, and then add second component, described second component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, tendril and branch.
After described fermentation masterbatch and rubbish from cooking are mixed, adjusting water content is 55%～65%, preferably carries out thermophilic fermentation after 60%, and the temperature of described thermophilic fermentation is 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, is preferably 65 DEG C～75 DEG C; The thermophilic fermentation time is preferably 3～4 months.In the process of thermophilic fermentation, pathogenic bacteria, insect ovum, grass-seed etc. all can be killed, thereby make the organic fertilizer that obtains safe and reliable, during for kind of plant, disease and pest can not occur.
After thermophilic fermentation completes, obtain tunning for the second time, farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after spontaneous fermentation, can obtain organic fertilizer.In the present invention, described farmland or orchard waste preferably include fallen leaves and the first component, and described the first component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, fruit shell, tendril and branch; Described farmland or orchard waste more preferably comprise fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, and described second component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, tendril and branch.Described clay is sticking soil, and the present invention there is no particular restriction to it.Described Stock raising waste is preferably the mixture of chicken manure or chicken manure and other ight soil, and other ight soil comprise the livestock such as cow dung, pig manure or poultry manure.
The detailed process that farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning for the second time carry out spontaneous fermentation is as follows:
Farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after being adjusted to water content and being 55%～65%, carry out spontaneous fermentation, within every 7 days, stir 1 time, adjust water content to 55%～65% simultaneously, within after the 4th stirs every 1 month, stir 1 time, when temperature to 40 DEG C is following, nature maturation, obtains organic fertilizer.
First farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, when farmland or orchard waste are during for fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, described fallen leaves, fruit shell, the second component, Stock raising waste, clay and for the second time mass ratio of tunning are preferably 0.5～1.5:0.5～1.5:5～8:1～3:1～3:0.5～1.5, more preferably 1:1:6:2:2:1.After above-mentioned material is fully stirred, mixed, being adjusted to water content is 55%～65%, preferably after 60%, is placed in rain cover, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is carried out in place that illumination is good.In fermenting process, within every 7 days, stir 1 time, when stirring, adjust water content to 55%～65%, preferably to 60%; Within after stirring 4 times every 1 month, stir 1 time, to temperature be below 40 DEG C, temperature to 40 DEG C makes the maturation of fermentation materials nature when following, can obtain organic fertilizer.According to various places climate difference, this spontaneous fermentation for the second time needs 7～12 months.
Obtain, after organic fertilizer, it being detected, result shows, the organic fertilizer that method provided by the invention prepares meets the property indices parameter of organic fertilizer, can be used as organic fertilizer and uses.During for planting plants, there is not disease and pest in the organic fertilizer that the present invention is prepared, without using agricultural chemicals, the agricultural-food that plantation obtains meet the requirement of organic products.
The present invention first using farmland or orchard waste and clay carry out spontaneous fermentation as matrix, obtain processing the fermentation masterbatch of rubbish from cooking; Then with this fermentation masterbatch, rubbish from cooking is fermented, obtain the second tunning, then carry out spontaneous fermentation after it is mixed with farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste and clay, obtain organic fertilizer.The present invention taking farmland or the organic waste such as orchard waste, rubbish from cooking and Stock raising waste as raw material, not only cost is low, the discharge that can reduce waste, alleviates environmental pollution; The present invention, taking organic waste as raw material, prepares organic fertilizer through three fermentations, and owing to not adding other materials such as biological bacteria, the organic fertilizer obtaining is safe and reliable; In addition, the present invention passes through spontaneous fermentation, thermophilic fermentation and three fermenting processs of spontaneous fermentation successively, in thermophilic fermentation process, the objectionable impuritiess such as pathogenic bacteria in organic waste, insect ovum, grass-seed are killed, thereby in the organic fertilizer that makes to obtain, do not contain disease and pest unrest or bacterium source, during for plant growing, can there is not disease and pest, reach the effect of organic grow.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preparation method of organic fertilizer provided by the invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The ratio that the fallen leaves that straw, rice chaff, wide leaf are set and clay are 8:1:2:1 according to mass ratio, the other side successively from light to heavy, stir 1～2 time, after fully mixing, adjust water content to 40%, be deposited in rainproof, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is for the first time carried out in place that illumination is good, in fermenting process, within when temperature of charge reaches 60 DEG C two days, stir 1 time, after fermenting and being 15% to water content, obtain the masterbatch that ferments;
In fermentation masterbatch, add rubbish from cooking, making C/N ratio in mixture is 30%, after water content is adjusted to 60%, is warming up to 80 DEG C and carries out thermophilic fermentation, ferments 3 months, obtains tunning for the second time;
The ratio that is 6:1:1:2:1:2 according to mass ratio by straw, wide leaf tree fallen leaves, rice chaff, chicken manure, above-mentioned tunning for the second time and clay is mixed, after water content is adjusted to 60%, be placed in rainproof, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is for the second time carried out in good the singing of illumination, ferment and stir for the first time for the 7th day, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 14th day, stir for the second time, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 21st day, stir for the third time, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 28th day, carry out the 4th time and stir, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Serve, within every 1 month, stir 1 time, to fermentation materials temperature be below 40 DEG C, make the maturation of fermentation materials nature, to pointing once twisting with the fingers broken degree, compost completes, and obtains organic fertilizer.
Obtain, after organic fertilizer, it being detected, result shows, the organic fertilizer that method provided by the invention prepares meets the property indices parameter of organic fertilizer, can be used as organic fertilizer and uses.
The organic fertilizer that the present invention is prepared, for planting tomato, is not used other any agricultural chemicals and fertilizer in planting process, the tomato quality evalution result obtaining is referring to table 1, the quality evalution result of the tomato that table 1 obtains for the embodiment of the present invention.
The quality evalution result of the tomato that table 1 embodiment of the present invention obtains
| Standard | With/without |
| Organophosphorus residue | Nothing |
| Carbamate is residual | Nothing |
| Nitrate is residual | Nothing |
| Harmful microorganism flora and worm's ovum are residual | Nothing |
| Whether be non-transformed variety | Be |
Air, underground water and soil to growing tomatoes district carry out quality examination, and result is referring to table 2, table 3 and table 4.
The quality examination result of tomato growing area air in table 2 embodiment of the present invention
| Material | Content (milligram/cubic meter) |
| Carbonic acid gas (CO 2) | 0.045 |
| Overall suspended pellet | 0.10 |
| Pellet | 0.06 |
| Nitrogen peroxide (NO 2) | 0.05 |
| Carbon monoxide (CO) | 2.58 |
| Ozone (O 3) | 0.13 |
| Plumbous | 1.01 |
| Fluorine | 2.12 |
The quality examination result of tomato growing area underground water in table 3 embodiment of the present invention
| Title | Content (mg/litre) |
| Saltiness | 700 |
| Oxide compound | 201 |
| Sulfide | 0.7 |
| Total mercury | 0.0004 |
| Total cadmium | 0.003 |
| Total arsenic | 0.03 |
| Chromium | 0.06 |
| Total plumbous | 0.072 |
| Total copper | 0.084 |
| Total zinc | 1.15 |
The quality examination result of tomato growing area soil in table 4 embodiment of the present invention
| Title | Content (milligram/kg) |
| Cadmium | 0.4 |
| Mercury | 0.34 |
| Arsenic | 21g/kg |
| Copper | 71 |
| Plumbous | 212 |
| Chromium | 156 |
| Zinc | 187 |
| Phenyl-hexachloride | Nothing |
| Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane | Nothing |
| PH value | 6.6-7.4 |
| Coliform group count | Nothing |
| Roundworm egg number | Nothing |
From table 1, table 2, table 3 and table 4, the organic fertilizer that the present invention prepares is during for planting plants, the product obtaining is residual without organophosphorus, carbamate, nitrate, microorganism species, worm's ovum etc., does not use in the situation of other agricultural chemicals and fertilizer disease and pest does not occur yet in planting process; Plant regional air, underground water and soil is also polluted.
Embodiment 2
The ratio that the fallen leaves that straw, rice chaff, wide leaf are set and clay are 8:1:2:1 according to mass ratio, the other side successively from light to heavy, stir 1～2 time, after fully mixing, adjust water content to 40%, be deposited in rainproof, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is for the first time carried out in place that illumination is good, in fermenting process, within when temperature of charge reaches 70 DEG C two days, stir 1 time, after fermenting and being 10% to water content, obtain the masterbatch that ferments;
In fermentation masterbatch, add rubbish from cooking, making C/N ratio in mixture is 30%, after water content is adjusted to 60%, is warming up to 65 DEG C and carries out thermophilic fermentation, ferments 4 months, obtains tunning for the second time;
The ratio that is 6:1:1:2:1:2 according to mass ratio by straw, wide leaf tree fallen leaves, rice chaff, chicken manure, above-mentioned tunning for the second time and clay is mixed, after water content is adjusted to 60%, be placed in rainproof, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is for the second time carried out in place that illumination is good, ferment and stir for the first time for the 7th day, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 14th day, stir for the second time, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 21st day, stir for the third time, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 28th day, carry out the 4th time and stir, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Serve, within every 1 month, stir 1 time, to fermentation materials temperature be below 40 DEG C, make the maturation of fermentation materials nature, to pointing once twisting with the fingers broken degree, compost completes, and obtains organic fertilizer.
Obtain, after organic fertilizer, it being detected, result shows, the organic fertilizer that method provided by the invention prepares meets the property indices parameter of organic fertilizer, can be used as organic fertilizer and uses.
The organic fertilizer that the present invention prepares is during for planting plants, and the product obtaining is residual without objectionable impuritiess such as agricultural chemicals, microorganism, worm's ovums, does not use in the situation of other agricultural chemicals and fertilizer disease and pest does not occur yet in planting process; Plant regional air, underground water and soil is also polluted.
Embodiment 3
The ratio that the fallen leaves that straw, rice chaff, wide leaf are set and clay are 8:1:2:1 according to mass ratio, the other side successively from light to heavy, stir 1～2 time, after fully mixing, adjust water content to 40%, be deposited in rainproof, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is for the first time carried out in place that illumination is good, in fermenting process, within when temperature of charge reaches 80 DEG C two days, stir 1 time, after fermenting and being 20% to water content, obtain the masterbatch that ferments;
In fermentation masterbatch, add rubbish from cooking, making C/N ratio in mixture is 30%, after water content is adjusted to 60%, is warming up to 70 DEG C and carries out thermophilic fermentation, ferments 3 months, obtains tunning for the second time;
The ratio that is 6:1:1:2:1:2 according to mass ratio by straw, wide leaf tree fallen leaves, rice chaff, chicken manure, above-mentioned tunning for the second time and clay is mixed, after water content is adjusted to 60%, be placed in rainproof, ventilation, spontaneous fermentation is for the second time carried out in good the singing of illumination, ferment and stir for the first time for the 7th day, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 14th day, stir for the second time, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 21st day, stir for the third time, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Within the 28th day, carry out the 4th time and stir, adjust water content to 60% simultaneously; Serve, within every 1 month, stir 1 time, to fermentation materials temperature be below 40 DEG C, make the maturation of fermentation materials nature, to pointing once twisting with the fingers broken degree, compost completes, and obtains organic fertilizer.
Obtain, after organic fertilizer, it being detected, result shows, the organic fertilizer that method provided by the invention prepares meets the property indices parameter of organic fertilizer, can be used as organic fertilizer and uses.The organic fertilizer that the present invention prepares is during for planting plants, and the product obtaining is residual without objectionable impuritiess such as agricultural chemicals, microorganism, worm's ovums, does not use in the situation of other agricultural chemicals and fertilizer disease and pest does not occur yet in planting process; Plant regional air, underground water and soil is also polluted.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for organic fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
A) by farmland or orchard waste and clay mixing, after spontaneous fermentation, obtain the masterbatch that ferments; Described step a) is specially: farmland or orchard waste and clay are mixed, carry out spontaneous fermentation after being adjusted to water content and being 35%～45%; In fermenting process, within when temperature reaches 60～80 DEG C 2 days, stir once, after being 10%～20% to water content, obtain the masterbatch that ferments;
B) described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carry out thermophilic fermentation, obtain tunning for the second time; Described step b) is specially: described fermentation masterbatch is mixed with rubbish from cooking, being adjusted to C/N ratio is 30%～40%, and water content is 55%～65%, at 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, carries out thermophilic fermentation, obtain tunning for the second time, the time of described thermophilic fermentation is 3～4 months;
C) farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after spontaneous fermentation, obtain organic fertilizer; Described step c) is specially: farmland or orchard waste, Stock raising waste, clay and described tunning are for the second time mixed, after being adjusted to water content and being 55%～65%, carry out spontaneous fermentation, within every 7 days, stir 1 time, adjust water content to 55%～65% simultaneously, within after the 4th stirs every 1 month, stir 1 time, when temperature to 40 DEG C is following, nature maturation, obtains organic fertilizer.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step a) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves and the first component, described the first component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, fruit shell, tendril and branch;
Described step c) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves and the first component, described the first component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, fruit shell, tendril and branch.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step a) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, described second component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, tendril and branch; The mass ratio of described fallen leaves, fruit shell, the second component and clay is 1～3:0.5～1.5:6～9:0.5～1.5.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step c) in, described Stock raising waste is selected from the mixture of chicken manure or chicken manure and other ight soil, described other ight soil are pig manure or cow dung.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described step c) in, described farmland or orchard waste comprise fallen leaves, fruit shell and the second component, described second component is selected from one or more in stalk, stubble, weeds, tendril and branch; Described fallen leaves, fruit shell, the second component, Stock raising waste, clay and for the second time mass ratio of tunning are 0.5～1.5:0.5～1.5:5～8:1～3:1～3:0.5～1.5.
6. the organic fertilizer preparing according to the preparation method described in claim 1～5 any one.
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| CN104387127A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-04 | 中国农业大学 | Compost preparation method for reducing emission of greenhouse gases in kitchen garbage compost |
| CN104909851B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-09-25 | 浙江采悠生态科技有限公司 | A kind of mixed fermentation fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106831240A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 上海鲲鹏环保科技有限公司 | Using the compost treatment method for food residues and kitchen waste compost conditioner of spent bleaching clay |
| CN106883035A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-23 | 上海鲲鹏环保科技有限公司 | Realize the Food waste treatment method and compost conditioner of spent bleaching clay recycling |
| CN107573111A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-01-12 | 上海恒奕环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method that organic domestic waste is handled using zymophyte aerobic compost |
| CN108812190A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-16 | 蚌埠天河花卉市场开发有限公司 | A kind of organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN109089732B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112457081A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-09 | 安徽国祯环卫科技有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer for vegetables from kitchen garbage |
| CN113800959A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-17 | 刘晓静 | Method for producing biological bacterial fertilizer by using municipal sludge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1232009A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 1999-10-20 | 西北农业大学无公害农药研究服务中心 | Humic acid full-nutrient organic composite pesticide fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101743793A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-23 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN102653497A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-09-05 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Biological organic slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1232009A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 1999-10-20 | 西北农业大学无公害农药研究服务中心 | Humic acid full-nutrient organic composite pesticide fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101743793A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-23 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN102653497A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-09-05 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Biological organic slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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