CN103241838A - Method for improving ammonia nitrogen removal in constructed wetland by utilizing wetland harvesting plant - Google Patents
Method for improving ammonia nitrogen removal in constructed wetland by utilizing wetland harvesting plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN103241838A CN103241838A CN2013101816671A CN201310181667A CN103241838A CN 103241838 A CN103241838 A CN 103241838A CN 2013101816671 A CN2013101816671 A CN 2013101816671A CN 201310181667 A CN201310181667 A CN 201310181667A CN 103241838 A CN103241838 A CN 103241838A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving ammonia nitrogen removal in a constructed wetland by utilizing a wetland harvesting plant. The constructed wetland comprises a pool body, a water inlet/outlet system, a wetland matrix and a wetland plant; the wetland plant is harvested and then carbonized to obtain a biomass carbon material of such a wetland plant, and then the biomass carbon material is backfilled into the pool body as the wetland matrix; the wetland matrix comprises a bottom layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer which are placed from bottom to top in sequence; and the intermediate layer is the biomass carbon material. By adopting the method, the effect of removing NH4<+>-H in sewage is improved, no secondary pollution is brought, and the cost on construction and operation of the conventional constructed wetland can be effectively reduced; and the method has the characteristics of being stabile in water treatment effect and capable of buffering the impact to hydraulic power and pollution load. The method not only solves the problem that improper treatment is performed to the harvested wetland plant and causes secondary pollution to the environment, but also effectively improves the removal effect of the wetland to the NH4<+>-H, and realizes the recycle of the wetland plant.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water treatment field, specifically, it relates to a kind of method of utilizing wetland harvesting plant strengthened artificial wet land to remove ammonia nitrogen.
Background technology
Artificial swamp is the principle according to natural wetland purification sewage, based on natural wetland technology, and associating matrix, microorganism and plant effect, a kind of restoration of the ecosystem system with advantages such as reduced investment, management are simple, working cost is cheap that constructs.Through nearly 40 years development, artificial swamp obtains widespread use both domestic and external as a kind of sewage water denitrification technology that has potentiality.
The tradition artificial swamp adopts the gravity flow water intake mode more, the dissolved oxygen in the wetland mainly from the water surface and air contact and root system of plant is secreted the oxygen effect.Because root system is secreted a little less than the gentle liquid level oxygen diffusion of oxygen ability, wetland bed body inside, the non-rhizosphere district of bed in the body particularly, dissolved oxygen concentration is on the low side, even be in anoxic condition, thereby being restricted of the growth and breeding of nitrobacteria and nitration reaction, the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen is relatively poor, and then influences the denitrogenation ability of wetland.Therefore, for improving the artificial swamp denitrification effect, the dissolved oxygen state that improves in the wetland is very necessary.
In the decontamination mechanism of artificial wet land system, waterplant plays an important role, show as that effects of purification quality is good, energy consumption is low, simple, economic benefit is high.But for now, harvested wetland plant handling problems is the bottleneck factor of restriction wetland Sustainable development, and for a long time, wetland harvesting plant majority is polluted environment by direct returning to farmland or burning, also causes the wasting of resources simultaneously.
Big, the wide material sources and cheap of plant biomass in the artificial swamp, if harvested straw can be carried out charing and be applied to artificial swamp as wet land filler, can strengthen water retention property, improve porosity and air permeability, promote wetland plant and microorganism to the removal effect of pollutent, alleviate the adsorptive pressure of wetland matrix, prolong its saturated time limit, can also realize that resource reclaims, solve the handling problem of harvesting back plant.
Summary of the invention
Poor at traditional artificial swamp denitrification effect, dissolved oxygen levels is low, and the handling problems of harvesting back wetland plant the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing wetland harvesting plant strengthened artificial wet land to remove ammonia nitrogen.Present method has strengthened NH in the sewage
4 +The removal effect of-N, and non-secondary pollution can also effectively reduce traditional artificial swamp and build and working cost, have water treatment effect stability, available buffer to the characteristics such as impact of waterpower and pollution load.
The present invention realizes that the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of method of utilizing wetland harvesting plant strengthened artificial wet land to remove ammonia nitrogen, this wetland type is undercurrent or surface current artificial wetland, comprise pond body, inlet and outlet system, be seated in the wetland matrix in the body of pond and plant wetland plant on matrix, described wetland plant is per nnial herb; It is characterized in that: harvesting back charing processing obtains the biomass charcoal material of this wetland plant to described wetland plant in harvesting season, then the biomass charcoal material is backfilling in the body of pond as wetland matrix; Described wetland matrix is divided into three-decker, is followed successively by bottom, middle layer and top layer from bottom to top, and bottom and top layer are rubble, and the middle layer is this biomass charcoal material, and described biomass charcoal material is 33%～50% of wetland matrix cumulative volume.
Described underlayer thickness is 8～9cm, and intermediate layer thickness is 6～14cm, and skin depth is 4～5cm, and the ballast grain sizes on bottom and top layer is 1～2cm.
Described wetland plant is the Gramineae giantreed, and planting density is 15～25 strains/m
2, giantreed is at 500 ℃ and N
2Charing 2h under the protective condition namely gets described biomass charcoal material after the broken screening of cooling naturally.
Described pond body is cylindrical, and its diameter is 15～25cm, highly is 20～30cm, and wetland matrix total height is than the low 2-3cm in body upper edge, pond, and elevation of water surface is concordant with wetland matrix; Body sidewall top, pond arranges water inlet pipe, and the bottom arranges water shoot, and water inlet pipe and water shoot bore are 2～5cm.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) biomass charcoal can strengthen water retention property, improves porosity and air permeability, and nitration reaction in the wetland is had very strong promoter action, and particularly for the relatively poor horizontal drowned flow artificial wet land of DO transitivity, biomass charcoal can improve its inner DO environment.Compare with traditional artificial swamp, the DO level obviously improves and (improves 0.2～3.0mg/L), strengthened the growth and breeding of nitrobacteria and the generation of nitration reaction, thereby strengthened the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen, and then strengthened the denitrogenation ability of wetland among the present invention.
2) ash element of biomass charcoal (as K, Ca and Mg etc.) is than horn of plenty, executes into behind the wetland as soluble nutrient by plant utilization, promotes the growth of plant by the physico-chemical property that provides and store nutritive element and improve matrix.
3) big (450～550 m of the giantreed biomass charcoal specific surface area of using among the present invention
2/ g), many mesopores, contain multiple oxy radicals such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, lactone group, phenolic hydroxyl group and carbonyl, be conducive to the absorption of ammonia nitrogen and be suitable as the carrier that microorganism growth is grown, and environmentally friendly, non-secondary pollution, duration of service is long.
4) the present invention utilizes giantreed as constructed wetland plant, adds biomass charcoal in matrix, makes up the biomass charcoal subsurface constructed wetland, strengthens wetland to NH the sewage from above-mentioned three aspects
4 +The removal effect of-N, its clearance be up to nearly 80%, compares with traditional artificial swamp and improved about 40%.
5) the biomass charcoal material that uses of the present invention is feedstock production with wetland plant, has not only solved the harvesting back wetland plant is mishandling environment is caused secondary pollution problem, has also effectively strengthened wetland to NH
4 +The removal effect of-N, and realized the recycling of wetland plant.
6) the present invention takes full advantage of the biomass charcoal material that is suitable for microorganism growth, utilize the mutual promoting action of biomass charcoal material and wetland plant, strengthened the ability that artificial swamp is disposed of sewage, wetland plant and wetland matrix have been improved to the contribution rate of sewage disposal, solved harvesting back wetland plant is mishandling environment has been caused secondary pollution problem, no matter on treatment effect, still on the economic benefit of bringing, all has remarkable advantages.
Description of drawings
The artificial wetland structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 1-the present invention.
Traditional artificial swamp and DO comparison diagram of the present invention among Fig. 2-embodiment.
Traditional artificial swamp and the present invention are to NH among Fig. 3-embodiment
4 +-N removal effect comparison diagram.
Embodiment
Wetland type of the present invention is undercurrent or surface current artificial wetland, comprises pond body 1, inlet and outlet system, is seated in the wetland matrix in the body of pond and plants wetland plant 2 on matrix, and described wetland plant is per nnial herb.Harvesting back charing processing obtains the biomass charcoal material of this wetland plant to described wetland plant in harvesting season, then the biomass charcoal material is backfilling in the body of pond as wetland matrix.Described wetland matrix is divided into three-decker, is followed successively by bottom 3, middle layer 4 and top layer 5 from bottom to top, and bottom 3 is rubble with top layer 5, and middle layer 4 is this biomass charcoal material, and described biomass charcoal material is 33%～50% of wetland matrix cumulative volume.
Described underlayer thickness is 8～9cm, and intermediate layer thickness is 6～14cm, and skin depth is 4～5cm, and the ballast grain sizes on bottom and top layer is 1～2cm.
The easy floating loss if the biomass charcoal material is positioned at the top layer, if and be positioned at bottom and compressed by the upper strata rubble, crushed by the upper strata rubble easily again, therefore biomass charcoal material of the present invention is between two-layer rubble, by two-layer rubble it is located, and skin depth is more shallow, is 4～5cm, the biomass charcoal material of so just can not crushing.
Described pond body 1 is cylindrical, its diameter is 15～25cm, highly be 20～30cm, wetland matrix total height is than the low 2-3cm in body upper edge, pond, and actual wetland matrix packing height is 18～28cm, elevation of water surface concordant with wetland matrix (remaining on 18～28cm place), the place is provided with altitude valve 6 at predefined elevation of water surface, when being higher than this water level, altitude valve 6 is opened draining automatically, makes water level maintain this height all the time.Body sidewall top, pond arranges water inlet pipe 7, and the bottom arranges water shoot 8, and water shoot 8 is provided with sealing valve 9, and water inlet pipe and water shoot bore are 2～5cm, in order to water inlet and draining.
Described wetland plant is the Gramineae giantreed, and planting density is 15～25 strains/m
2The biomass charcoal material is by wetland plant---giantreed is at 500 ℃ and N
2Under the protective condition, charing 2h, the broken screening of cooling back gained naturally.The giantreed biomass charcoal is alkalescence, and the pH value is 9～11; Have vesicular structure not of uniform size, surface ratio is more coarse; Have very high specific surface area (450～550 m
2/ g) and total pore volume (0.2～0.3 cm
3/ g); The aperture major part is distributed between 5～15nm, and it is main showing as mesopore, is conducive to the absorption to ammonia nitrogen; Contain multiple oxy radicals such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, lactone group, phenolic hydroxyl group and carbonyl, these groups are conducive to the adsorption treatment of ammonia nitrogen.Described giantreed biomass charcoal content is up to 33%～50% (giantreed biomass charcoal: matrix, volume ratio).
The speed that possible wetland plant produces biomass charcoal not with the spending rate coupling of biomass charcoal material, the quantum of output of biomass charcoal may be excessive, also may the amount of owing.Under the normal circumstances, the quantum of output of biomass charcoal is excessive easily, and can store be used to the deficiency that remedies other wet land system quantums of output this moment.If water pollution is serious, the biomass charcoal materials consumption is very fast so, may cause can not catching up with the speed of wetland plant generation biomass charcoal on a slice wet land system the spending rate of biomass charcoal material, can use the biomass charcoal that wetland plant produces this moment to other wet land system.In principle, the used plant of preparation biomass charcoal material should be same kind of plant with the plant of plantation on it.
After sewage of the present invention enters artificial wet land system, under the synergy of wetland plant, the matrix that comprises the giantreed biomass charcoal and microorganism, be purified by physics, chemistry and biological action.Sewage is after purifying, and water quality reaches " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB 18918-2002) one-level B mark.
Below verify effect of the present invention by the contrast experiment.
Make up two constructed wetland reactor W
1(traditional artificial swamp) and W
2(the present invention), testing apparatus as shown in Figure 1, the size of reactor: diameter 20cm, high 26cm.Body sidewall top, pond and bottom arrange water inlet pipe and water shoot, and (bore is 2～5cm), in order to water inlet and draining.
Reactor filler is rubble and homemade giantreed biomass charcoal, and the volume ratio that the giantreed biomass charcoal that adds accounts for matrix is 0 (W
1) and 39% (W
2).The packing height of filler is 23cm, and the reactor median water level remains on 23cm, and wetland reactor plant is giantreed, and initial giantreed quality is about 100g in each reactor.
Active sludge is taken from Chongqing City realgar sewage work, and active sludge is cleaned the back after filtration with the sewage domestication of human configuration, changes water every day once, tames to be inoculated in the wetland reactor after one month.
The reactor water inlet is the sewage of human configuration, and water intake mode is intermittent water inflow, and water temperature is 20～30 ℃, and HRT=2d continues two months altogether, makes reactor stable.
After reactor is stable, in one-period, NH in the tracking and measuring wetland reactor
4 +Index such as-N and DO is observed its Changing Pattern.To add water and be designated as 0 constantly constantly, 30min, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 8h, 16h, 32h, 48h get wetland reactor water sample, measure its index.
By to W
1And W
2Middle NH
4 +The tracing observation of-N and DO can be found and W
1Compare W
2Can improve 40% NH
4 +-N clearance, and its DO level is obviously higher, is conducive to the operation of wetland.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is utilized wetland to gather in the method that the plant strengthened artificial wet land is removed ammonia nitrogen, this wetland type is undercurrent type or surface current artificial wetland, comprise pond body (1), inlet and outlet system, be seated in the wetland matrix in the body of pond and plant wetland plant (2) on matrix, described wetland plant is per nnial herb; It is characterized in that: harvesting back charing processing obtains the biomass charcoal material of this wetland plant to described wetland plant in harvesting season, then the biomass charcoal material is backfilling in the body of pond as wetland matrix; Described wetland matrix is divided into three-decker, be followed successively by bottom (3), middle layer (4) and top layer (5) from bottom to top, bottom and top layer are rubble, and the middle layer is this biomass charcoal material, and described biomass charcoal material is 33%～50% of wetland matrix cumulative volume.
2. the wetland that utilizes according to claim 1 gathers in the method that the plant strengthened artificial wet land is removed ammonia nitrogen, it is characterized in that: described underlayer thickness is 8～9cm, intermediate layer thickness is 6～14cm, and skin depth is 4～5cm, and the ballast grain sizes on bottom and top layer is 1～2cm.
3. the wetland that utilizes according to claim 1 gathers in the method that the plant strengthened artificial wet land is removed ammonia nitrogen, and it is characterized in that: described wetland plant is the Gramineae giantreed, and planting density is 15～25 strains/m
2, giantreed is at 500 ℃ and N
2Charing 2h under the protective condition namely gets described biomass charcoal material after the broken screening of cooling naturally.
4. the wetland that utilizes according to claim 1 gathers in the method that the plant strengthened artificial wet land is removed ammonia nitrogen, it is characterized in that: described pond body (1) is for cylindrical, it highly is 20～30cm, and wetland matrix total height is than the low 2-3cm in body upper edge, pond, and elevation of water surface is concordant with wetland matrix; Body sidewall top, pond arranges water inlet pipe (7), and the bottom arranges water shoot (8), and water inlet pipe and water shoot bore are 2～5cm.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104261563A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Method for testing ammonia nitrogen absorbed by sea-weeds |
| CN106554134A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 江南大学 | A kind of artificial wet land system and its application |
| CN107555414A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-09 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of garden waste biomass carbon and its production and use |
| CN107720971A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-02-23 | 山东大学 | Artificial swamp and its pollutant based on biomass circulating strengthen minimizing technology |
| CN110813238A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-21 | 深圳市碧园环保技术有限公司 | Wetland plant resource utilization method |
| CN111687207A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-22 | 武汉兰多生物科技有限公司 | Method for restoring polluted wetland by using bamboo reed charcoal |
| CN113526676A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Artificial wetland system capable of enhancing denitrification |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN107720971A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-02-23 | 山东大学 | Artificial swamp and its pollutant based on biomass circulating strengthen minimizing technology |
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| CN111687207A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-22 | 武汉兰多生物科技有限公司 | Method for restoring polluted wetland by using bamboo reed charcoal |
| CN113526676A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Artificial wetland system capable of enhancing denitrification |
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| CN103241838B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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