CN103235109B - Measuring method capable of simulating lunar soil mechanical properties in low-gravity environment - Google Patents
Measuring method capable of simulating lunar soil mechanical properties in low-gravity environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring method capable of simulating lunar soil mechanical properties in low-gravity environment. According to the method, a special low-gravity environment simulation device is used, through an inclined test table, low-gravity environment is simulated in component force directions, and various component forces generated in the inclination process are related to the inclination angle; in the simulation process, the force-bearing condition inside the soil mass is detected through a granular mixture force distribution test, so that the detection is taken as a basic test of the measuring test for simulating the lunar soil mechanical properties; the method is used for evaluating mechanical property parameters of the simulated lunar soil in a 1g of gravity field and a low-gravity field, wherein the parameters include subsidence index n, cohesion deformation modulus KC, friction deformation modulus k phi, internal friction angle phi, cohesion c, and cone index CI value; and the parameters can be obtained through a pressure-bearing characteristic test, a shear characteristic test and a penetration characteristic test for simulating lunar soil. According to the measuring method, the special low-gravity environment simulation device is utilized, and the test of simulating soil mechanical parameters in the 1g of ground gravity environment and the low-gravity environment can be finished simultaneously, so that the differences of the mechanical properties of the lunar soil in different gravity fields can be comparatively analyzed, and the interaction relation of soil machines in deep space gravity environment can be revealed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of soil test aspect.Specifically, a kind of assay method of low-gravity environment Imitating lunar soil mechanical property is related to.
Background technology
Lunar soil is in menology, different from the forming process of earth soil, is at O
2, formed by processes such as shock, bombardments in all non-existent situation such as water, there is loose, non-consolidation, fine grain feature.
Menology gravity environment is 1/6 of ground gravity, and low-gravity environment makes the intergranular binding force of lunar soil be less than the intergranular binding force of ground surface environment Imitating lunar soil, and then affects the pressure-bearing of lunar soil, the performance such as anti-shearing.For ensureing that lunar surface is maked an inspection tour detection, sampling and the task such as soft landing and carried out smoothly, be necessary to study the difference of lunar soil mechanical property under 1g gravity field and low-g field.
At present, the research method of domestic and international pin low-gravity environment to simulative lunar soil Effect on Mechanical Properties has: aircraft parabolic flight method, the tower method that falls, gravity compensation method (suspension method), light soil method, diagram of component forces and simulation method etc.Wherein, aircraft parabolic flight method and to fall tower method, tests expensive, and obtain low-gravity environment time short, unstable properties, reproducibility is poor, and the test kind that can complete and number of times limited; Gravity compensation method (suspension method) is not suitable for the mechanical property studying lunar soil under low-gravity environment; Light soil method is difficult to find suitable light material as the raw material preparing simulative lunar soil; Computer Simulation method strong depend-ence basic model and the test figure that can contrast, and available, reliable test figure is quite limited.
In sum, the method for testing of existing simulative lunar soil mechanical property, is difficult to research low-gravity environment to the impact of simulative lunar soil mechanical property.For making up the deficiency of above method, the present invention utilizes special Low-gravity environmental simulation test device, complete the test of 1g ground gravity environment and low-gravity environment Imitating soil mechanics parameter simultaneously, with the difference of the mechanical characteristic of lunar soil under the different gravity field of comparative analysis, the interaction relationship of soil machine under announcement deep space gravity environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of test method measuring low-gravity environment Imitating lunar soil mechanical behavior, more adequately to think poorly of the impact of gravity environment on simulative lunar soil mechanical property.This test method expense is low, and testing equipment is stable, test period is unrestricted, test reproducibility is high, test findings is reliable truly, test figure precision is higher.
The present invention utilizes special Low-gravity environmental simulation test device, complete the test of 1g ground gravity environment and low-gravity environment Imitating soil mechanics parameter simultaneously, with the difference of the mechanical characteristic of lunar soil under the different gravity field of comparative analysis, the interaction relationship of soil machine under announcement deep space gravity environment.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Use special low-gravity environment analogue means, by inclining experiment table top, at a point force direction simulation low-gravity environment, the various component produced in tilting procedure are relevant to angle of inclination; Inside soil body stress is detected, using the basic test tested as simulative lunar soil mechanics performance determining by bulk solid muscle power distribution test in simulation process; In order to assess the mechanical property parameters of simulative lunar soil under 1g gravity field and low-g field, include depression index n, interior poly-deformation modulus K
c, friction texturizing modulus K
φ, internalfrictionangleφ, cohesion c, cone index CI value; Above-mentioned parameter can be obtained by the experiment of simulative lunar soil pressure-bearing characteristic, shear property test, injection attribute testing.
(1) bulk solid muscle power distribution test is a kind of test measuring inside soil body stress, and test method comprises the following steps:
(1.1) simulative lunar soil of different compacted state reorganizes and outfit method: adopt repeatedly scarifying, layering gently pressed, layering repeatedly compacting etc. reorganize and outfit method, simulative lunar soil is made to show different compacted state, weighing method is utilized to measure the unit weight of simulative lunar soil under different compacted state, and by the factor of porosity that calculates simulative lunar soil and porosity, in order to weigh the compacted state of lunar soil;
(1.2) test utilizes the soil box splendid attire simulative lunar soil of 300 × 300 × 300mm, and is placed on by soil box on the tiltable L-type plate of Low-gravity environmental simulation test device; Before test, as required, the embedding pressure transducer of different tests point in soil box; The quality of required simulative lunar soil is weighed in advance according to the different compacted state of simulative lunar soil, and adopt and reorganize and outfit method in (1), simulative lunar soil is reorganized and outfit in layering, and successively pointwise is simultaneously buried and bled off pressure force snesor, to measure the simulative lunar soil inside soil body pressure distribution situation under the different degree of packing;
(1.3) during test, the sloping baseplate of testing table is made to drive L-type plate and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate to tilt to required angle by worm speed reducer, static 2min, after the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new, gather differing tilt angles Imitating lunar soil in the axial thrust load of different tests point and cross component force by data mobile acquisition system, obtain the inside soil body pressure distribution situation of simulative lunar soil under differing tilt angles;
(1.4) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out bulk solid muscle power distribution test;
(2) test method of simulative lunar soil pressure-bearing characteristic test comprises the following steps:
(2.1) test utilizes the soil box of 300 × 300 × 300mm to fill simulative lunar soil, has reorganized and outfit the simulative lunar soil of different compacted state, be placed on the L-type plate of testing table according to the method for reorganizing and outfit described in (1.1);
(2.2) the circular pressing plate of the rigidity of different radii is selected in test; Before test, after driving the circular pressing plate of rigidity to press to the surface of simulative lunar soil by compression motor, add a cover; Make the sloping baseplate of testing table drive L-type plate and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate to tilt to required angle, static 2min by worm speed reducer, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new.
(2.3) during test, drive the circular pressing plate of rigidity to press down by compression motor, after reaching predetermined pressure, automatically stop pressing down, under gathering differing tilt angles by measure and control device, the power-displacement changing curve of simulative lunar soil;
(2.4) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out pressure-bearing characteristic test;
(2.5) Bekker pressure-bearing model is adopted to calculate depression index n, interior poly-deformation modulus K
c, friction texturizing modulus K
φ;
(3) test method of the anti-shearing attribute testing of simulative lunar soil comprises the following steps:
(3.1) test the shearing case that adopts to be divided into and to shear top box and shear nowel, wherein shear top box and be fixed on the base plate of testing table, shear nowel and be connected with ball, to be mounted on L-type plate and can to move; Shear top box and shear the measure-alike of nowel, being 260mm × 260mm × 200mm; Shear top box and shear nowel and be fixed together by register pin, overall volume is: 2 × 200mm (h) × 25434mm
2, casing can the circle of the partial cross sectional of splendid attire soil to be radius be 90mm; Adopt and reorganize and outfit method described in (1.1), in staight scissors case, reorganize and outfit out the test specimen of the different degree of packing;
(3.2) before test, setting needs the axle pressure loaded, and the circular pressing plate of rigidity being 90mm by compression motor drive radius presses to simulative lunar soil, after pressure reaches preset pressure, automatically stop pressing down, and retainer shaft is to on-load pressure; Make the sloping baseplate motoring ring test staight scissors case of testing table tilt to required angle, static 2min by worm speed reducer, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new;
(3.3), during test, promote to shear nowel by shear motor and at the uniform velocity move, gather in pushing course by measure and control device, under differing tilt angles, simulative lunar soil power-displacement changing curve;
(3.4) two groups of load are preset in test, are respectively large load group and side crops industry group, often organize the axial on-load pressure that load comprises four ranks; Under test needs to measure different heeling condition, time unloaded simultaneously, shear top box and shear nowel and shear the friction force that nowel and L-type plate produce, and being rejected when data processing, to obtain the shearing force in soil face under differing tilt angles; Each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out anti-shearing attribute testing;
(3.5) mole of-coulomb of model is adopted to calculate internalfrictionangleφ, cohesion c;
(4) test method of simulative lunar soil injection attribute testing comprises the following steps:
(4.1) test utilizes the soil box of 300 × 300 × 300mm to fill simulative lunar soil, has reorganized and outfit the simulative lunar soil of different compacted state, be placed on the L-type plate of testing table according to the method for reorganizing and outfit described in (1.1);
(4.2) the rigidity conehead of different radii is selected in test, and designs and different press down testing site; Before test, soil bin is added a cover, need to cover at soil box to get out circular hole and install can open at any time or close a certain circular hole by movable catch according to conehead size and pressure point position; The sloping baseplate of testing table is made to drive L-type plate and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate to tilt to required angle by worm speed reducer;
(4.3) drive compression motor to move left and right by the trapezoidal screw on adjustment upper connective plate, drive L-type plate to move forward and backward by the trapezoidal screw on adjustment lower linking plate, just in time aim at pressure point to make the rigidity conehead be connected on compression motor; Drive conehead to press to case lid surface, static 2min by compression motor, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new;
(4.4) during test, remove baffle plate, compression motor can drive rigidity conehead to press down, and stops pressing down after reaching the required pressure degree of depth, under gathering differing tilt angles by measure and control device, and the power-displacement changing curve of simulative lunar soil; After data acquisition, after making compression motor drive conehead to return, again stir the lower pressure point that baffle plate blocks this test, complete a data acquisition; By adjustment trapezoidal screw, make conehead aim at the lower pressure point of next test, drive conehead to press to case lid surface by compression motor, after static 2min, repeat above-mentioned step until complete the injection attribute testing of total Test point; There are five to test press-in point, namely often reorganize and outfit a simulative lunar soil, five groups of power-displacement datas can be gathered;
(4.5) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out injection attribute testing.
(4.6) cone index CI value is obtained by data processing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention utilizes special Low-gravity environmental simulation test device, complete the test of 1g ground gravity environment and low-gravity environment Imitating soil mechanics parameter simultaneously, with the difference of the mechanical characteristic of lunar soil under the different gravity field of comparative analysis, the interaction relationship of soil machine under announcement deep space gravity environment.
2, this test method expense is low, and testing equipment is stable, test period is unrestricted, test reproducibility is high, test findings is reliable truly, test figure precision is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of special low-gravity environment analogue means used in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the left view of special low-gravity environment analogue means used in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of special low-gravity environment analogue means used in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that when in bulk solid muscle power distribution test, axial force measures under plumbness, pressure transducer buries and puts schematic diagram.
When Fig. 5 is side force mensuration under bulk solid muscle power distribution test medium dip state, pressure transducer buries and puts schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the planar arrangement figure shearing tank test point in first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the comparison diagram of JLU-1 simulative lunar soil test figure coaxial power fit equation result of calculation in a loose state in first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the planar arrangement schematic diagram shearing pressure cone pressure point in case in second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is in second embodiment of the invention under 1g gravity field, the CI value comparison chart under JLU-1 loose condition (of surface) and state of nature.
Figure 10 is in second embodiment of the invention under 1g gravity field and loose condition (of surface), the CI value comparison chart of JLU-1, JLU-2 simulative lunar soil.
Figure 11 is in second embodiment of the invention under 1g gravity field and loose condition (of surface), the CI value of JLU-1 simulative lunar soil pressure point under difference.
Figure 12 is in second embodiment of the invention under 1g gravity field and loose condition (of surface), utilizes different model to press the CI value of boring the JLU-1 simulative lunar soil obtained.
Figure 13 is in second embodiment of the invention under loose condition (of surface), the CI value of JLU-1 simulative lunar soil under different gravity environment.
Embodiment
Refer to Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, special low-gravity environment analogue means used in the present invention is by frame 1, protractor 18, electric cabinet 21, compress electric cylinder 6, shear electric cylinder 7, worm speed reducer 8, base plate 10, upper connective plate 4, L-type plate 12 and lower linking plate 13 form, four good fortune something that gives the game away wheels 2 are installed below frame 1, so that mobile and fixing integrated model, worm speed reducer 8 and electric cabinet 21 are separately fixed at the both sides of frame 1, base plate 10 one end is equipped with and is rotated transposase 11 9 and be connected with worm speed reducer 8 output shaft, base plate 10 other end is connected with frame 1 by fixed rotating shaft 17, turbine deceleration 8 is connected with base plate 10 by axle, upper connective plate 4 is on fixed base plate 10, and compress electric cylinder 6 and be connected with upper connective plate 4 by the electric cylinder bottom plate 3 of compression, shear electric cylinder 7 and be connected with base plate 10 by electric cylinder support plate 5, L-type plate 12 is connected with base plate 10 by lower linking plate 13, compress electric cylinder bottom plate 3 to be controlled by trapezoidal screw, can move left and right to reach the object that transverse shifting compresses electric cylinder 6, L-type plate 12 is controlled by trapezoidal screw, can control L-type plate 12 and move forward and backward along perpendicular to base plate 10 direction, can be completed any selection of the different tests point to the soil box that L-type plate 12 carries by above-mentioned two actions, compress electric cylinder 6 to be connected with electric cabinet 21 by PFC limit switch 20, electric wire with the electric cylinder 7 of shearing.
L-type plate 12 can assemble staight scissors case to complete experiment on Shearing Resistance, staight scissors case is made up of shearing top box 11 and shearing nowel 14, wherein, shearing top box 11 is fixed on L-type plate 12 by shearing case backplate 15 with screw-nut, shear nowel 14 and be equipped with shearing nowel push pedal 16, acting in shearing nowel push pedal 16 by shearing electric cylinder 7 drives-displacement transducer during test, promoting to shear nowel 14 and moving.
L-type plate 12 can assemble soil bin test case to complete pressure-bearing characteristic test, injection attribute testing, falling ball impact test, bulk solid muscle power distribution test, the test of pressure transmission characteristic.
The principle of work of low-gravity environment analogue means:
L-type plate 12 carries soil bin or staight scissors case, controls base plate 10 by worm speed reducer 8 and tilt to different angles, under different heeling conditions, obtain low-gravity environment along point force direction, and complete the correlation test of simulated soil mechanics performance determining.The method equipment is simple, and the time is unrestricted, simulates that the low-gravity environment stability obtained is high, reproducibility good, and the various component and the pitch angle that produce in tilting procedure are read relevant, data stabilization and can repetition.Be suitable for the mensuration to low-gravity environment Imitating lunar soil mechanical property.
The method of the present invention is as follows:
Use special low-gravity environment analogue means, by inclining experiment table top, at a point force direction simulation low-gravity environment, the various component produced in tilting procedure are relevant to angle of inclination; Inside soil body stress is detected, using the basic test tested as simulative lunar soil mechanics performance determining by bulk solid muscle power distribution test in simulation process; In order to assess the mechanical property parameters of simulative lunar soil under 1g gravity field and low-g field, include depression index n, interior poly-deformation modulus K
c, friction texturizing modulus K
φ, internalfrictionangleφ, cohesion c, cone index CI value.Above-mentioned parameter can be obtained by the experiment of simulative lunar soil pressure-bearing characteristic, shear property test, injection attribute testing.
(1) bulk solid muscle power distribution test is a kind of test measuring inside soil body stress, and test method comprises the following steps:
(1.1) simulative lunar soil of different compacted state reorganizes and outfit method: adopt repeatedly scarifying, layering gently pressed, layering repeatedly compacting etc. reorganize and outfit method, simulative lunar soil is made to show different compacted state, weighing method is utilized to measure the unit weight of simulative lunar soil under different compacted state, and by the factor of porosity that calculates simulative lunar soil and porosity, in order to weigh the compacted state of lunar soil;
(1.2) test utilizes the soil box splendid attire simulative lunar soil of 300 × 300 × 300mm, and is placed on by soil box on the tiltable L-type plate of Low-gravity environmental simulation test device; Before test, as required, the embedding pressure transducer of different tests point in soil box; The quality of required simulative lunar soil is weighed in advance according to the different compacted state of simulative lunar soil, and adopt and reorganize and outfit method in (1), simulative lunar soil is reorganized and outfit in layering, and successively pointwise is simultaneously buried and bled off pressure force snesor, to measure the simulative lunar soil inside soil body pressure distribution situation under the different degree of packing;
(1.3) during test, the sloping baseplate 10 of testing table is made to drive L-type plate 12 and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate 12 to tilt to required angle by worm speed reducer 8, static 2min, after the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new, gather differing tilt angles Imitating lunar soil in the axial thrust load of different tests point and cross component force by data mobile acquisition system, obtain the inside soil body pressure distribution situation of simulative lunar soil under differing tilt angles;
(1.4) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out bulk solid muscle power distribution test;
(2) test method of simulative lunar soil pressure-bearing characteristic test comprises the following steps:
(2.1) test utilizes the soil box of 300 × 300 × 300mm to fill simulative lunar soil, has reorganized and outfit the simulative lunar soil of different compacted state, be placed on the L-type plate 12 of testing table according to the method for reorganizing and outfit described in (1.1);
(2.2) the circular pressing plate of the rigidity of different radii is selected in test; Before test, after driving the circular pressing plate of rigidity to press to the surface of simulative lunar soil by compression motor, add a cover; Make the sloping baseplate 10 of testing table drive L-type plate 12 and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate to tilt to required angle, static 2min by worm speed reducer 8, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new.
(2.3) during test, drive the circular pressing plate of rigidity to press down by compression motor, after reaching predetermined pressure, automatically stop pressing down, under gathering differing tilt angles by measure and control device, the power-displacement changing curve of simulative lunar soil;
(2.4) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out pressure-bearing characteristic test;
(2.5) Bekker pressure-bearing model is adopted to calculate depression index n, interior poly-deformation modulus K
c, friction texturizing modulus K
φ;
(3) test method of the anti-shearing attribute testing of simulative lunar soil comprises the following steps:
(3.1) test the shearing case that adopts to be divided into and to shear top box 11 and shear nowel 14, wherein shear top box 11 and be fixed on the base plate 10 of testing table, shear nowel 14 and be connected with ball, to be mounted on L-type plate 12 and can to move; Shear top box 11 and shear the measure-alike of nowel 14, being 260mm × 260mm × 200mm; Shear top box 11 and shear nowel 14 and be fixed together by register pin, overall volume is: 2 × 200mm (h) × 25434mm
2, casing can the circle of the partial cross sectional of splendid attire soil to be radius be 90mm; Adopt and reorganize and outfit method described in (1.1), in staight scissors case, reorganize and outfit out the test specimen of the different degree of packing;
(3.2) before test, setting needs the axle pressure loaded, and the circular pressing plate of rigidity being 90mm by compression motor drive radius presses to simulative lunar soil, after pressure reaches preset pressure, automatically stop pressing down, and retainer shaft is to on-load pressure; Make the sloping baseplate 10 motoring ring test staight scissors case of testing table tilt to required angle, static 2min by worm speed reducer 8, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new;
(3.3), during test, promote to shear nowel 14 by shear motor and at the uniform velocity move, gather in pushing course by measure and control device, under differing tilt angles, simulative lunar soil power-displacement changing curve;
(3.4) two groups of load are preset in test, are respectively large load group and side crops industry group, often organize the axial on-load pressure that load comprises four ranks; Under test needs to measure different heeling condition, time unloaded simultaneously, shear top box 11 and shear nowel 14 and shear the friction force that nowel 14 and L-type plate 12 produce, and being rejected when data processing, to obtain the shearing force in soil face under differing tilt angles; Each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out anti-shearing attribute testing;
(3.5) mole of-coulomb of model is adopted to calculate internalfrictionangleφ, cohesion c;
(4) test method of simulative lunar soil injection attribute testing comprises the following steps:
(4.1) test utilizes the soil box of 300 × 300 × 300mm to fill simulative lunar soil, has reorganized and outfit the simulative lunar soil of different compacted state, be placed on the L-type plate 12 of testing table according to the method for reorganizing and outfit described in (1.1);
(4.2) the rigidity conehead of different radii is selected in test, and designs and different press down testing site; Before test, soil bin is added a cover, need to cover at soil box to get out circular hole and install can open at any time or close a certain circular hole by movable catch according to conehead size and pressure point position; The sloping baseplate 10 of testing table is made to drive L-type plate 12 and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate 12 to tilt to required angle by worm speed reducer 8;
(4.3) drive compression motor to move left and right by the trapezoidal screw on adjustment upper connective plate 4, drive L-type plate 12 to move forward and backward by the trapezoidal screw on adjustment lower linking plate 13, just in time aim at pressure point to make the rigidity conehead be connected on compression motor; Drive conehead to press to case lid surface, static 2min by compression motor, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new;
(4.4) during test, remove baffle plate, compression motor can drive rigidity conehead to press down, and stops pressing down after reaching the required pressure degree of depth, under gathering differing tilt angles by measure and control device, and the power-displacement changing curve of simulative lunar soil; After data acquisition, after making compression motor drive conehead to return, again stir the lower pressure point that baffle plate blocks this test, complete a data acquisition; By adjustment trapezoidal screw, make conehead aim at the lower pressure point of next test, drive conehead to press to case lid surface by compression motor, after static 2min, repeat above-mentioned step until complete the injection attribute testing of total Test point; There are five to test press-in point, namely often reorganize and outfit a simulative lunar soil, five groups of power-displacement datas can be gathered;
(4.5) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out injection attribute testing.
(4.6) cone index CI value is obtained by data processing.
First embodiment:
Measure the test method of bulk solid muscle power distribution:
1.1 test material
By Jilin University JLU series analog lunar soil, select JLU-1, JLU-2, JLU-4 simulative lunar soil.
Table 1 is test simulative lunar soil basic physics parameter.
1.2 testing program
Place the simulative lunar soil of high 300mm during test altogether, in soil box, the height of testing site is 3, is respectively apart from simulative lunar soil top layer 100mm, 150mm and 200mm; Testing site volume coordinate is as shown in table 2, and the planar arrangement of point as shown in Figure 6, amounts to 21 testing sites.For reducing in process of the test due to the embedding overstocked impact on simulative lunar soil mechanical property in soil box of sensor, the force value of corresponding testing site is tested in each test only embedding 3 or 4 sensors, the embedding sensor of the same degree of depth is no more than 2, and testing program is as shown in table 3; According to the embedding sensor of method shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, F wherein
vand F
sit is the direction of power; Before starting image data, static 2min, starts image data after making simulative lunar soil reach new steady s tate again.
Table 2 testing site volume coordinate
| Test Point | (x, y, z 1) /mm | (x, y, z 2) /mm | (x, y, z 3) /mm |
| Point 1 | (150,150,100) | (150,150,150) | (150,150,200) |
| Point 2 | (240,60,100) | (240,60,150) | (240,60,200) |
| Point 3 | (60,240,100) | (60,240,150) | (60,240,200) |
| Point 4 | (205,205,100) | (205,205,150) | (205,205,200) |
| Point 5 | (95,95,100) | (95,95,150) | (95,95,200) |
| Point 6 | (60,150,100) | (60,150,150) | (60,150,200) |
| Point 7 | (205,150,100) | (205,150,150) | (205,150,200) |
Table 3 inside soil body pressure test scheme
Note: ● the testing site of-often group test selection.
1.3 test findings
(1) lateral pressure coefficient of JLU series three kinds of simulative lunar soils under different dense state has been drawn by test.
Under loose condition (of surface), the lateral pressure coefficient of JLU-1 is 0.25, JLU-2 be 0.12, JLU-4 is 0.11; Under state of nature, the lateral pressure coefficient of JLU-1 is 0.34, JLU-2 be 0.17, JLU-4 is 0.08.
(2) by test figure, matching obtains simulative lunar soil Axial Force Calculating equation:
b
0=-4.52186，b
l=-1.03E-05，b
2=-97.35572，b
3=-3214.10357。
Wherein, n=278, R=0.9092729
Fig. 7 is the comparison diagram of JLU-1 simulative lunar soil test figure coaxial power fit equation result of calculation in a loose state.
(3) by test figure, matching obtains simulative lunar soil side force accounting equation:
b
0=0.1382，b
1=0.0064，b
2=0.0175，b
3=-1.0945，b
4=-53.0033。
Wherein, n=1367, R=0.7651
Second embodiment:
Measure the test method of simulative lunar soil injection characteristic under low-gravity environment.
1.1 test material
The JLU series analog lunar soil invented by Lee's bridge construction seminar of Jilin University, selects JLU-1, JLU-2 simulative lunar soil.
1.2 testing program
Utilize Low-gravity environmental simulation test device, by circular cone gauge head is applied normal load to the simulative lunar soil in soil box, measure injection family curve.For obtaining the injection performance of different unit weight Imitating lunar soil, during test, simulative lunar soil is reorganized and outfit as two states, that is: loose and natural.
Experimental factor comprises five angles of inclination (containing vertical), the simulative lunar soil of two kinds of particle diameters, two kinds of unit weight states, the circular cone gauge head of two kinds of radiuses, 2 kinds of pressing speed, five testing sites, 2 revision tests.
Test number (TN) :=800 tests are repeated in 5 pressure point × 2, speed × 5, pressure head × 2, state × 2, particle diameter × 2, gravity × 2.
During test loading velocity adopt 30 respectively, 150mm/min, test circular cone conehead maximum cross-section radius of circle is respectively 20,32mm.Often reorganize and outfit a simulative lunar soil, can complete the injection attribute testing of 5 testing sites simultaneously, often kind of test condition carries out reorganizing and outfit of 2 simulative lunar soils, that is, 2 revision tests, and the planar arrangement schematic diagram of pressure cone pressure point as shown in Figure 8.
1.3 test findings
By injection attribute testing, can from the influence factor of following aspect comparative analysis cone index CI value.
(1) degree of packing state of simulative lunar soil is on the impact of CI value.
Fig. 9 is under 1g gravity field, the CI value under JLU-1 loose condition (of surface) and state of nature.
(2) domain size distribution of simulative lunar soil is on the impact of CI value
Figure 10 is under 1g gravity field, loose condition (of surface), the CI value of JLU-1 and JLU-2 simulative lunar soil.
(3) different test pressure points is on the impact of CI value
Figure 11 is under 1g gravity field, loose condition (of surface), the CI value of JLU-1 simulative lunar soil pressure point under difference.
(4) different circular cone radiuses is on the impact of CI value
Figure 12 is under 1g gravity field, loose condition (of surface), utilizes different pressure to bore the CI value of the JLU-1 simulative lunar soil obtained.
(5) different gravity environment is on the impact of CI value
Figure 13 is under loose condition (of surface), the CI value of JLU-1 simulative lunar soil under different gravity environment.
Claims (1)
1. the assay method of a low-gravity environment Imitating lunar soil mechanical property, the method is: use low-gravity environment analogue means, by inclining experiment table top, at a point force direction simulation low-gravity environment, the various component produced in tilting procedure are relevant to angle of inclination; Inside soil body stress is detected, using the basic test tested as simulative lunar soil mechanics performance determining by bulk solid muscle power distribution test in simulation process; In order to assess the mechanical property parameters of simulative lunar soil under 1g gravity field and low-g field, include depression index n, interior poly-deformation modulus K
c, friction texturizing modulus K
φ, internalfrictionangleφ, cohesion c, cone index CI value; Above-mentioned parameter is obtained by the experiment of simulative lunar soil pressure-bearing characteristic, shear property test and injection attribute testing;
The concrete steps of the method are as follows:
(1) bulk solid muscle power distribution test is a kind of test measuring inside soil body stress, and test method comprises the following steps:
(1.1) simulative lunar soil of different compacted state reorganizes and outfit method: adopt repeatedly scarifying, layering gently pressed, layering repeatedly compacting etc. reorganize and outfit method, simulative lunar soil is made to show different compacted state, weighing method is utilized to measure the unit weight of simulative lunar soil under different compacted state, and by the factor of porosity that calculates simulative lunar soil and porosity, in order to weigh the compacted state of lunar soil;
(1.2) test utilizes the soil box splendid attire simulative lunar soil of 300 × 300 × 300mm, and is placed on by soil box on the tiltable L-type plate of Low-gravity environmental simulation test device; Before test, as required, the embedding pressure transducer of different tests point in soil box; The quality of required simulative lunar soil is weighed in advance according to the different compacted state of simulative lunar soil, and adopt and reorganize and outfit method in (1), simulative lunar soil is reorganized and outfit in layering, successively pointwise is simultaneously buried and is bled off pressure force snesor, to measure the simulative lunar soil inside soil body pressure distribution situation under the different degree of packing;
(1.3) during test, the sloping baseplate of testing table is made to drive L-type plate and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate to tilt to required angle by worm speed reducer, static 2min, after the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new, gather differing tilt angles Imitating lunar soil in the axial thrust load of different tests point and cross component force by data mobile acquisition system, obtain the inside soil body pressure distribution situation of simulative lunar soil under differing tilt angles;
(1.4) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out bulk solid muscle power distribution test;
(2) test method of simulative lunar soil pressure-bearing characteristic test comprises the following steps:
(2.1) test utilizes the soil box of 300 × 300 × 300mm to fill simulative lunar soil, has reorganized and outfit the simulative lunar soil of different compacted state, be placed on the L-type plate of testing table according to the method for reorganizing and outfit described in (1.1);
(2.2) the circular pressing plate of the rigidity of different radii is selected in test; Before test, after driving the circular pressing plate of rigidity to press to the surface of simulative lunar soil by compression motor, add a cover; Make the sloping baseplate of testing table drive L-type plate and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate to tilt to required angle, static 2min by worm speed reducer, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new.
(2.3) during test, drive the circular pressing plate of rigidity to press down by compression motor, after reaching predetermined pressure, automatically stop pressing down, under gathering differing tilt angles by measure and control device, the power-displacement changing curve of simulative lunar soil;
(2.4) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out pressure-bearing characteristic test;
(2.5) Bekker pressure-bearing model is adopted to calculate depression index n, interior poly-deformation modulus K
c, friction texturizing modulus K
φ;
(3) test method of the anti-shearing attribute testing of simulative lunar soil comprises the following steps:
(3.1) test the shearing case that adopts to be divided into and to shear top box and shear nowel, wherein shear top box and be fixed on the base plate of testing table, shear nowel and be connected with ball, to be mounted on L-type plate and can to move; Shear top box and shear the measure-alike of nowel, being 260mm × 260mm × 200mm; Shear top box and shear nowel and be fixed together by register pin, overall volume is: 2 × 200mm (h) × 25434mm
2, casing can the circle of the partial cross sectional of splendid attire soil to be radius be 90mm; Adopt and reorganize and outfit method described in (1.1), in staight scissors case, reorganize and outfit out the test specimen of the different degree of packing;
(3.2) before test, setting needs the axle pressure loaded, and the circular pressing plate of rigidity being 90mm by compression motor drive radius presses to simulative lunar soil, after pressure reaches preset pressure, automatically stop pressing down, and retainer shaft is to on-load pressure; Make the sloping baseplate motoring ring test staight scissors case of testing table tilt to required angle, static 2min by worm speed reducer, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new;
(3.3), during test, promote to shear nowel by shear motor and at the uniform velocity move, gather in pushing course by measure and control device, under differing tilt angles, simulative lunar soil power-displacement changing curve;
(3.4) two groups of load are preset in test, are respectively large load group and side crops industry group, often organize the axial on-load pressure that load comprises four ranks; Under test needs to measure different heeling condition, time unloaded simultaneously, shear top box and shear nowel and shear the friction force that nowel and L-type plate produce, and being rejected when data processing, to obtain the shearing force in soil face under differing tilt angles; Each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out anti-shearing attribute testing;
(3.5) mole of-coulomb of model is adopted to calculate internalfrictionangleφ, cohesion c;
(4) test method of simulative lunar soil injection attribute testing comprises the following steps:
(4.1) test utilizes the soil box of 300 × 300 × 300mm to fill simulative lunar soil, has reorganized and outfit the simulative lunar soil of different compacted state, be placed on the L-type plate of testing table according to the method for reorganizing and outfit described in (1.1);
(4.2) the rigidity conehead of different radii is selected in test, and designs and different press down testing site; Before test, soil bin is added a cover, need to cover at soil box to get out circular hole and install can open at any time or close a certain circular hole by movable catch according to conehead size and pressure point position; The sloping baseplate of testing table is made to drive L-type plate and the soil bin be mounted on L-type plate to tilt to required angle by worm speed reducer;
(4.3) drive compression motor to move left and right by the trapezoidal screw on adjustment upper connective plate, drive L-type plate to move forward and backward by the trapezoidal screw on adjustment lower linking plate, just in time aim at pressure point to make the rigidity conehead be connected on compression motor; Drive conehead to press to case lid surface, static 2min by compression motor, make the stable state that the soil in soil box reaches new;
(4.4) during test, remove baffle plate, compression motor can drive rigidity conehead to press down, and stops pressing down after reaching the required pressure degree of depth, under gathering differing tilt angles by measure and control device, and the power-displacement changing curve of simulative lunar soil; After data acquisition, after making compression motor drive conehead to return, again stir the lower pressure point that baffle plate blocks this test, complete a data acquisition; By adjustment trapezoidal screw, make conehead aim at the lower pressure point of next test, drive conehead to press to case lid surface by compression motor, after static 2min, repeat above-mentioned step until complete the injection attribute testing of total Test point; There are five to test press-in point, namely often reorganize and outfit a simulative lunar soil, five groups of power-displacement datas can be gathered;
(4.5) each test specimen retools, and repeats above-mentioned test method and carries out injection attribute testing.
(4.6) cone index CI value is obtained by data processing.
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