CN103234897B - A kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete - Google Patents
A kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete provided by the invention, comprise one with the pedestal of detecting unit, detecting unit is made up of an auxiliary electrode, a pair working electrode and a pair contrast electrode, auxiliary electrode, between working electrode and contrast electrode, wire is connected, and working electrode and contrast electrode are symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode separately; Base bottom is provided with groove, is embedded with temperature sensor in groove.Device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete provided by the invention, structure is simple, easy and simple to handle, the test philosophy of device is based on the three electrode measuring technology of galvanochemistry, multiple electrochemical test method can be used to test, obtain abundanter electrochemical parameter, and test result more can reflect that corrosive medium corrodes lower steel bar corrosion mechanism, test result is more reliable; The grand electric current test technology used than prior-art devices is more advanced, science is objective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Health Monitoring for Civil Engineering technical field, being specifically related to a kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete.
Background technology
In the research field of concrete in marine environment structure durability; although achieve more achievement in research from aspects such as corrosion mechanism, repairing, protection, durability Design both at home and abroad; but due to concrete structure durability the complex nature of the problem; about the requirement in structure serviceable life in current structural design criteria, indirectly can only be reflected by indexs such as concrete proportioning, protective layer thickness and other construction measures.For important infrastructure project, want to reach 100 years tenure of use even more of a specified duration, adopt which type of structural design theory, so far reach common understanding not yet in the world, the way of usual developed country is the key parameter by continuing, dynamically obtaining structure substance permanance, thus carry out " permanance bamboo product ", the enforcement prerequisite of this way is the information feed back how effectively obtaining key parameter.
As everyone knows, even structural design perfect again and safeguard measure, all can not perfect foresight in all carrying capacities of environment reached in the century-old military service phase and coupling thereof.Therefore, for major infrastructure project, a set of perfect concrete erosion monitoring system must be set up, the critical data such as concrete durability decline, strength degradation can be obtained, so that carry out " permanance bamboo product ", carry out anti-corrosion measure in advance.For the structure being difficult to arrive, as underwater foundation, Oversea bridge basis, seabed tunnel etc., because steel bar corrosion is serious, corrosion monitoring especially other detection meanss is irreplaceable.To sum up, in order to improve the construction quality of China, build century-old engineering, application corrosion monitoring system is very meaningful, is also very important.
At the end of the eighties in last century, Europe starts to research and develop corrosion monitoring system, mainly contain the trapezoidal anode xoncrete structure built-in type corrosion monitoring sensor-based system (Anode-Ladder-System of German S+RSensorTech company, as shown in Figure 1), with annular Multi probe anode concrete structure erosion monitoring sensor-based system (Nagel-System) of the FORCETechnology company of Denmark, these two systems obtain application in a lot of large-sized concrete Structural Engineering in Europe and Africa.Anode-Ladder-System, is formed primarily of negative electrode and anode two parts, and the monitoring reinforcing bar being positioned at anode ladder differing heights place forms the anode of this system, and the titanium rod on anode ladder side is the negative electrode of this system, and its essence is equivalent to contrast electrode.Differentiate that external agency corrodes process by observing the grand curent change between the monitoring reinforcing bar at anode ladder differing heights place and contrast electrode (negative electrode).The size of grand electric current depends on the potential difference at negative and positive the two poles of the earth, steel bar corrosion is caused when chlorion reaches monitoring rebar surface, the reinforcing bar current potential (relative to negative electrode) of anode reduces, negative and positive the two poles of the earth potential difference (PD) increases, the grand electric current at negative and positive the two poles of the earth is caused to increase, when more than 15uA, current value thinks that monitoring reinforcing bar corrosion occurs.Nagel-System, design concept is identical with Anode-Ladder-System, is all sensor is arranged on inside configuration, the etching time of the reinforcing bar that gives warning in advance according to the de-blunt corrosion condition of the anode of differing heights.
For above-mentioned two kinds of corrosion monitoring sensor-based systems, the de-blunt criterion of the anode of differing heights is based on galvanochemistry macro cell corrosion principle.Specifically, in anodic attack process, if the spacing of passivation region (negative electrode) at a distance of active region (anode) is comparatively large, generally can form macro etch battery, corresponding equivalent electrical circuit as shown in Figure 2.If omit passivation region (negative electrode) reinforcing bar bulk resistance R
twith active region (anode) reinforcing bar bulk resistance R
s, its corrosion current then obeys closed-loop path Ohm law:
I
corr=(E
a-E
c)/(R
b+ R
a+ R
c), in formula: I
corrfor corrosion current; E
a, E
cbe respectively the equilibrium potential of anode, negative electrode; R
bfor concrete resistance; R
a, R
cbe respectively positive and negative pole reaction resistance.
According to macro cell corrosion principle, be converted into active region, the equilibrium potential E of anode when the generation of sensor Anodic is de-blunt
asharply reduce, and negative electrode passivation region equilibrium potential E
csubstantially remain unchanged, cause negative and positive the two poles of the earth potential difference (PD) to enlarge markedly, if do not consider R
b, R
aand R
cimpact, then corrosion current (this be characterized by corrosion grand electric current) I
corralso will sharply increase.
But large quantity research shows, when inside concrete relative humidity is in general or reduced levels, because concrete resistivity is comparatively large, galvanochemistry micro-cell corrosion dominate; Only have when inside concrete relative humidity very large (being greater than 90%), concrete resistance R
btime very little, macro cell corrosion just becomes Dominated Factors, but excessive interior humidity can cause anode surface electron-collection to cause equilibrium potential E
asignificantly bear and move, even if anode is in passivation state, testing the grand electric current obtained still can significantly increase, and shows de-blunt illusion.Therefore, grand electric current test technology is only applicable to general damp condition, but requires that cathode and anode spacing is very little, otherwise because the impact of concrete resistance can cause, to test the grand current values obtained less, is not easy the situation judging reinforcement corrosion; Particularly for the concrete corrosion monitoring in district under water, the sensor anode of inside concrete is in high humidity anaerobic condition, and above two kinds of corrosion monitoring sensor-based systems are also inapplicable.In addition, the xoncrete structure built-in type corrosion monitoring sensor-based system of S+RSensorTech company of Germany adopts forge piece of step type structure, its shortcoming is: during casting concrete, the larger aggregate of diameter is easily shelved on anode ladder top, not easily sink, cause concrete mixing uneven, affect the data precision of corrosion monitoring.
Chinese invention patent (the application number 200610117060.7 of CN100454000C, applying date 2006.10.12) disclose a kind of long term monitoring sensor for steel bar corrosion in steel concrete, can be used for directly measuring in real time the carrier (that is: reinforcing bar) that corrosion occurs.Sensor is made up of electrode bar, pedestal, wire and the sacrificial anode that some length is equal, and electrode bar becomes stepped appearance to be fixed in the pickup groove of sensor base, and wire is connected with the anode and cathode of electrode bar respectively by spring leaf.The weak point of this technical scheme is: 1. for the test of the electrode bar at differing heights place still based on macro cell corrosion principle, although by shortening negative and positive two die opening, reduce the adverse effect of concrete resistivity to grand current test method, but still the anode potential caused when inside concrete humidity cannot be avoided larger is significantly negative moves, thus produce erroneous judgement; 2. cannot by obtaining the information such as more parameters of electrochemical corrosion and concrete resistivity based on micro-cell corrosion principle Electrochemical Measurement Technology (as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the linear plan law, glucose current equation jump the method for testings such as rank).
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete, test philosophy, based on galvanochemistry micro cell measuring technology, solves the related defects of the prior art mentioned in above-mentioned background technology.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete provided by the invention, comprise one with the pedestal of detecting unit, detecting unit is made up of an auxiliary electrode, a pair working electrode and a pair contrast electrode, auxiliary electrode, between working electrode and contrast electrode, wire is connected, and working electrode and contrast electrode are symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode separately; Base bottom is provided with groove, is embedded with temperature sensor in groove.
In preferred technical scheme, in detecting unit, contrast electrode and working electrode laterally in a row, be symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode, and contrast electrode is located at the outside of working electrode.Adopt aforementioned distribution mode, when making auxiliary electrode polarization side working electrode, the polarization current field produced can not produce polarization impact to the working electrode of opposite side, the working electrode of both sides of therefore can simultaneously polarizing, and increases detection efficiency.
In preferred technical scheme, in detecting unit, contrast electrode and working electrode also can be longitudinally in a row, are symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode.No matter which kind of positional alignment mode contrast electrode and working electrode are, as long as guarantee that 1 pair of contrast electrode and the 1 pair of working electrode can be distributed in the both sides of auxiliary electrode symmetrically, form stable test loop.
Further in preferred technical scheme, Chuck top has the electrode fixing holes for placing auxiliary electrode, working electrode or contrast electrode, and this electrode fixing holes is communicated with the groove of base bottom; Size, the quantity of electrode fixing holes match with the sum of auxiliary electrode, working electrode and contrast electrode, namely guarantee each electrode bar one_to_one corresponding in electrode fixing holes and detecting unit.
In preferred technical scheme, pedestal side has wire guide, and this wire guide is communicated with the groove of base bottom; Opposite side is connected with location-plate, and location-plate is provided with tilt adjustment hole.When apparatus of the present invention are installed on concrete reinforcement, adjusted the mounted angle of pedestal by tilt adjustment hole, make the depth of burying of working electrode rod in each detecting unit arrange rationally, to improve the accuracy detecting data.
In preferred technical scheme, temperature sensor one end is provided with the inductive probe for responding to concrete internal temperature, is connected after the other end runs through wire guide with external test interface.Same, each electrode bar of detecting unit in the present invention, after wire is connected between any two, gathers together bundle conductor, is connected after wire guide with external test interface.
In preferred technical scheme, the quantity of detecting unit adjusts according to the thickness of concrete layer, is 1 ~ 10 group.
In preferred technical scheme, in arbitrary group of detecting unit, the clear distance be between the working electrode of auxiliary electrode the same side and contrast electrode is 2 ~ 5mm.
In preferred technical scheme, auxiliary electrode, working electrode and contrast electrode are made up of corrosion-resistant metal conductive material, and the diameter of auxiliary electrode is greater than the diameter of working electrode.
In preferred technical scheme, in groove, be cast with epoxy resin; After temperature sensor is embedded in groove, with epoxy resin, the circuit in groove is encapsulated.
A kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete provided by the invention, test philosophy is based on galvanochemistry micro-cell corrosion.As shown in Figure 2, micro-cell corrosion is different from macro cell corrosion, is that supposition corrosion cell negative and positive the two poles of the earth are very near, concrete resistance is affected very little, more truly can reflect the corrosion condition of anode in concrete, therefore effectively can monitor the erosion state of corrosive medium in concrete.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete provided by the invention, structure is simple, easy and simple to handle, the measuring technology of device is based on the three electrode measuring technology of galvanochemistry, multiple electrochemical test method can be used to test, obtain abundanter electrochemical parameter, and test result more can reflect that corrosive medium corrodes lower steel bar corrosion mechanism, test result is more reliable; The grand electric current test technology used than prior-art devices is more advanced, science is objective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of Anode-Ladder-System.
Fig. 2 is concrete Anodic macro cell corrosion schematic equivalent circuit.
Fig. 3 is the device plan structure schematic diagram for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the device corroding process for monitoring corrosive medium in concrete of the present invention faces structural representation.
Fig. 5 is the device pictorial diagram for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the scheme of installation that application drawing 4 shown device carries out corrosion monitoring simulated experiment.
Fig. 7 is under simulated experimental environments, the Anodic polarization current actual measurement change curve of working electrode rod under each group of detecting unit of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is under simulated experimental environments, the grand practical measurement of current change curve of working electrode rod under each group of detecting unit of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete provided by the invention, comprise one with the pedestal 1 of detecting unit, detecting unit totally two groups, the quantity of certain detecting unit is not limited to two groups, usually adjust according to the thickness of concrete layer under actual conditions, as one group, three groups, four groups etc.; Form by an auxiliary electrode 2, a pair working electrode 3 and a pair contrast electrode 4 in any one group of detecting unit, auxiliary electrode 2, between working electrode 3 and contrast electrode 4, wire is connected, and working electrode 3 and contrast electrode 4 are symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode 2 separately; Be provided with groove 5 bottom pedestal 1, in groove 5, be embedded with temperature sensor 6.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, specifically, the top of pedestal 1 has ten electrode fixing holes 7, the size of electrode fixing holes 7 is consistent with the outside screw of each electrode bar in detecting unit, the quantity of electrode fixing holes 7 matches with the sum of auxiliary electrode in detecting unit 2, working electrode 3 and contrast electrode 4, i.e. the corresponding one group of detecting unit of every five electrode fixing holes 7; Electrode fixing holes 7 is communicated with the groove 5 bottom pedestal 1, makes auxiliary electrode 2, working electrode 3 and contrast electrode 4 correspondingly after electrode insertion fixed orifice 7, forms more stable test loop.
The side of pedestal 1 has wire guide 8, and this wire guide 8 is communicated with the groove 5 bottom pedestal 1; Opposite side is connected with location-plate 9, and location-plate 9 is provided with tilt adjustment hole 10.Temperature sensor 6 one end is provided with the inductive probe for responding to concrete internal temperature, is connected after the other end runs through wire guide 8 with external test interface; Same, bundle conductor gathers together, is also connected with external test interface after wire guide 8 after being connected by each electrode bar wire in any one group of detecting unit.Further, in groove 5, epoxy resin has been built, to encapsulate circuit.
In any one group of detecting unit, an auxiliary electrode 2 is in centre, a pair working electrode 3 and a pair contrast electrode 4 are symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode 2 all respectively, on this basis, the arrangement mode of working electrode 3 and contrast electrode 4 segments further, comprise the following two kinds: 1. can be laterally in a row, and contrast electrode 4 is located at the outside of working electrode 3; 2. can be longitudinally in a row, as contrast electrode 4 under, working electrode 3 upper, become file one to arrange.No matter 1. aforementioned or 2. in which kind of arrangement mode, the clear distance be between the working electrode 3 of auxiliary electrode 2 the same side and contrast electrode 4 is 2 ~ 5mm, preferred 3mm.
Material aspect, any one group of detecting unit includes five electrode bars, i.e. auxiliary electrode rod, two working electrode rods and two contrast electrode rods, be made up of 316 stainless steels, carbon steel and titanium steel respectively, its diameter is respectively 10mm, 8mm and 8mm, and the material of pedestal 1 is the epoxy resins insulation plate of high strength; If pedestal 1 adopts corrosion resistant conductive metal material, then also need increase insulating blanket between the electrode fixing holes 7 of pedestal 1 and each electrode bar, prevent between the two directly electric connection.
Be below the practical engineering application embodiment of apparatus of the present invention:
During xoncrete structure operation, electrochemical workstation reference600 is used regularly to test the sensor in apparatus of the present invention; The method of testing such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization curve can be used to obtain the electrochemical parameter of 4 working electrode rods.When test result finds that corrosion occurs a certain working electrode rod, show that corrosive medium has corroded the depth location to this working electrode rod place, thus judge the erosion process of corrosive medium in concrete.
For whether checking adopts the test result of apparatus of the present invention effectively with reliable, inventor has devised indoor accelerated test to simulate the corrosion monitoring of Practical Project, and be analyzed with the result adopted measured by grand electric current test technology.
As shown in Figure 6, under simulated experimental environments, the process of installing apparatus of the present invention is specific as follows: by the electrode fixing holes 7 being screwed into pedestal 1 of working electrode 3, contrast electrode 4 and auxiliary electrode 2 correspondence, forms detecting unit; Mark four working electrode rods under two groups of detecting units, be numbered W1, W2, W3 and W4 respectively; Adjust the length that pedestal 1 top is exposed in each electrode bar one end, namely to 1.5cm, 1cm and 1.5cm; In groove 5 bottom pedestal 1, wire is connected with the other end of each electrode bar respectively by bolt, buries temperature sensor 6 underground simultaneously, is drawn by the wire guide 8 of all wires via pedestal 1 sidepiece, then casting epoxy resin in groove 5, encapsulates circuit.
It should be noted that, in Practical Project, before deposit concrete, need apparatus of the present invention to be fixed on outermost reinforcing bar top, insert by adjustment the spiro rod length that inclination angle regulates side, thus change the inclination angle of apparatus of the present invention, make the depth of burying of these four the working electrode rods of W1, W2, W3 and W4 after adjusting be respectively 0.9cm, 1.6cm, 2.3cm and 3cm.
After installation, by concrete sample maintenance after 28 days, test specimen surrounding sealed with epoxy resin, adopt immersion 4 days, the natural air drying drying and watering cycle of 3 days mechanism, accelerate chloride permeability, NaCl solution concentration is 3.5%.Before not judging working electrode rod W1 corrosion, electro-chemical test carries out for 1 hour after each circulation immersion terminates; After judgement working electrode rod W1 corrosion, test specimen being placed in temperature is 30 DEG C, and humidity is accelerate air-dry 3 days in the climatic chamber of 40%, and every day carries out electro-chemical test.Electro-chemical test adopts based on galvanochemistry micro cell measuring technology principle (namely based on three electrode Anodic polarization current method).
As shown in Figure 7, working electrode rod W1 is from the 3rd test, and Anodic polarization current starts to increase gradually (being increased to 268nA by about the 60nA of passivation stable state), shows rebar passivation film unstability gradually; When the 5th is tested, Anodic polarization current sharply increases, and reaches 6.56uA, shows steel-bar corrosion.In 3 days air drying process after corrosion, Anodic polarization current is changed significantly, after air-dry one day, Anodic polarization current is reduced to 628nA, this value is lower than tarnishing criticality Anodic polarization current 754nA, within two days afterwards, be stabilized in about 260nA, show due to top layer moisture rapid evaporation, working electrode rod W1 corrosion electric current density sharply reduces.It is noted that in 3 days air drying process after corrosion, although Anodic polarization current is lower than tarnishing criticality value, but still be obviously greater than the Anodic polarization current of passivation stable state.
Contrast grand current test results (using high sensitivity zero resistance reometer to measure grand electric current between auxiliary electrode and working electrode), as shown in Figure 8, working electrode rod W1 is when the 5th is tested, grand electric current also sharply increases, reach 3.1uA, show steel-bar corrosion, consistent with Anodic polarization current result of determination.But in test several times before, do not occur steel bar corrosion omen, test value is even lower than the test value of other working electrode rods.In addition, in 3 days air drying process after corrosion, the grand electric current of all working electrode bar all reduces, and numerical value is close, cannot distinguish the working electrode rod W1 of corrosion.
Above-mentioned analysis shows, carries out corrosion monitoring relative to employing prior-art devices, adopts apparatus of the present invention except whether judging monitoring point corrosion, can also characterize corrosion omen process; After generation corrosion, even if working electrode rod is in drying regime, still can effectively be different from passivation stable state.
Claims (10)
1. one kind corrodes the device of process for monitoring corrosive medium in concrete, it is characterized in that: comprise one with the pedestal (1) of detecting unit, described detecting unit is made up of an auxiliary electrode (2), a pair working electrode (3) and a pair contrast electrode (4), auxiliary electrode (2), between working electrode (3) and contrast electrode (4), wire is connected, and working electrode (3) and contrast electrode (4) are symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode (2) separately; Described pedestal (1) bottom is provided with groove (5), is embedded with temperature sensor (6) in groove (5).
2. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described detecting unit, contrast electrode (4) and working electrode (3) laterally in a row, be symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode (2), and contrast electrode (4) is located at the outside of working electrode (3).
3. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described detecting unit, contrast electrode (4) and working electrode (3) longitudinally in a row, are symmetrically set in the both sides of auxiliary electrode (2).
4. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described pedestal (1) top has the electrode fixing holes (7) for placing described auxiliary electrode (2), working electrode (3) or contrast electrode (4), this electrode fixing holes (7) is communicated with the groove (5) of pedestal (1) bottom; Size, the quantity of electrode fixing holes (7) match with the sum of described auxiliary electrode (2), working electrode (3) and contrast electrode (4).
5. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described pedestal (1) side has wire guide (8), this wire guide (8) is communicated with the groove (5) of pedestal (1) bottom; Opposite side is connected with location-plate (9), and location-plate (9) is provided with tilt adjustment hole (10).
6. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described temperature sensor (6) one end is provided with the inductive probe for responding to concrete internal temperature, the other end is connected with external test interface after running through described wire guide (8).
7. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described detecting unit adjusts according to the thickness of concrete layer, is 1 ~ 10 group.
8. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in arbitrary group of detecting unit, the clear distance be between the working electrode (3) of described auxiliary electrode (2) the same side and contrast electrode (4) is 2 ~ 5mm.
9. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary electrode (2), working electrode (3) and contrast electrode (4) are made up of corrosion-resistant metal conductive material, and the diameter of auxiliary electrode (2) is greater than the diameter of working electrode (3).
10. the device for monitoring corrosive medium erosion process in concrete according to claim 9, is characterized in that: be cast with epoxy resin in described groove (5).
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| CN108827869A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-16 | 九州职业技术学院 | The device and detection method of embed-type detection inside concrete corrosion conditions of reinforcement |
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| CN110186964B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-05-07 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for testing corrosion macro current of steel bar in concrete |
| CN112798521A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-14 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Device and method for monitoring steel corrosion condition in steel plate concrete |
| CN113188984B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-06-24 | 青岛理工大学 | Intelligent monitoring system and method for corrosion state of steel bar in concrete |
| CN113863986B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2024-07-09 | 大连地铁集团有限公司 | Wireless real-time health monitoring and early warning system and method for shield tunnel segment structure |
| CN114778619A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-22 | 阳光水面光伏科技有限公司 | Electric leakage corrosion detection method and device |
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