CN103234874B - Two-dimensional petroleum pollution experimental device for underground vertical surface of sandy beach - Google Patents
Two-dimensional petroleum pollution experimental device for underground vertical surface of sandy beach Download PDFInfo
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- CN103234874B CN103234874B CN201310175310.2A CN201310175310A CN103234874B CN 103234874 B CN103234874 B CN 103234874B CN 201310175310 A CN201310175310 A CN 201310175310A CN 103234874 B CN103234874 B CN 103234874B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the equipment manufacturing technology in the field of beach petroleum pollution and restoration, and relates to a sandy beach underground vertical surface two-dimensional petroleum pollution experiment device.A pressure measuring pipe is arranged on a pressure measuring bar and is connected to a sandy soil sampling hole; the sea water level measuring hole is connected to the pressure measuring pipe of the pressure measuring bar in a communicating manner; one side of the bottom of the seawater storage tank is provided with a seawater storage tank emptying pipe valve; the bottom of the upstream tank of a first overflow clapboard arranged in the middle of the seawater level regulating tank is connected with a water inlet hose, and the bottom of the downstream tank is connected with an overflow pipe; a first self-locking gear rack elevator is arranged on the left side surface of the vertical steel framework tank body; the upper bottom of a second overflow clapboard arranged in the middle of the underground water level regulating box is connected with a vertical shaft at the water outlet end of the seepage area, and the lower bottom of the second overflow clapboard is connected with an underground seepage outflow water overflow pipe; the gravimetric method metering water tank is placed on the electronic platform scale; the lower end of the wave making plate is fixedly arranged on a bearing fixing bracket on the inner side of the detachable door plate on the left vertical surface; the device has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple operation, easy manufacture and grasp, and flexible control and adjustment.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the equipment manufacturing technology in seabeach oil pollution and reparation field, relate to the underground facade two dimension of a kind of sandy beach oil pollution experimental provision, for the problem in science such as microbial degradation and bioremediation technology of research Marine shoal petroleum pollution absorption and dispose procedure and petroleum pollution, provide comparatively accurate technical scheme and applicable experimental technique and device.
Background technology:
Oil pollution is one of the marine environment be concerned about the most in the world and ecological problem, due to exploration, exploitation, refining and the development of relevant industrial with it of offshore oil, it is busy that maritime traffic is transported, and excessive oil accident happens occasionally, and makes bulk petroleum enter ocean.According to statistics, the whole world enters nearly 3,200,000 tons of the oil of ocean every year.There is series of complex variation after entering sea in oil, comprises migration, diffusion, evaporation, dissolving, emulsification, degraded and assemble beach absorption to bank or discharge and reenter the processes such as marine environment again, can cause again secondary pollution.Therefore, carry out the basic research of Marine shoal oil pollution, for microbial degradation and the bioremediation technology of the absorption of Marine shoal petroleum pollution and dispose procedure and petroleum pollution, there is important scientific meaning and actual application value.
At present, mainly to adopt the single experiment means such as darcy experiment instrument, level or the experiment of vertical earth pillar and spot sampling experiment to the sandy beach petroleum pollution absorption of Yu Haiyang and the research of dispose procedure, the yardstick of model experiment is relatively little, be difficult to the experiment condition that reaches approaching with reality, be difficult to realize the comprehensive experiment research of the sandy beach oil pollution in ocean; At present, people still belong to blank to the systematic study of the underground facade two dimension of sandy beach oil pollution problem.Therefore, it is a large problem of urgent need solution in microbial degradation and the bioremediation technology evolution of the absorption of Marine shoal petroleum pollution and dispose procedure and petroleum pollution to the basic experiment research of sandy beach oil pollution, to carry out systematic research to the Basic Problems of Marine shoal oil pollution, just must develop a set of comparatively perfect experimental provision, the exploitation of this devices and methods therefor, it is also noted that the one-dimensional characteristic along water front at natural curve coordinate system Ocean, link closely Marine shoal to the land direction perpendicular to shore line and downward two-dimentional diffusion and the contamination characteristics of vertical, carry out generalizing processing, make every effort to both make problem be simplified accordingly, can catch again principal character and the influence factor of problem.The first, to Yu Haiyang spill and leakage oil accident, can be extended to rapidly oil film at ocean surface, and then under stormy waves and action of ocean current Driftdiffusion with the wind, assemble beach absorption to bank.Again under the effect of morning and evening tides and wave, form by landwards direction and downward two-dimentional diffusion and the oil pollution problem of vertical of seashore, this point is all similarly on each section perpendicular to shore line, can add oil in instantaneous " ocean " in empirical model and simulate two-dimentional diffusion, absorption and the release And Spread of Solute perpendicular to shore line section oil contaminants; The second, the coastal zone forming for oily waste water pollutes, and can form the process such as suspended diffusion and dissolving of Water-In-Oil and oil-in-water emulsified oil droplet, can form equally by landwards direction and downward two-dimentional diffusion and the oil pollution problem of vertical of seashore; The 3rd, for the oil pollution problem of Marine shoal, its solution route has microbial degradation and the bioremediation technology of petroleum pollution, the control volume of research unit is also that the coastal zone section of getting unit length is analyzed conventionally, the otherness of the each section of coastal zone can adopt variable to represent, as coastal zone section landform and yardstick, seawater position and WATER LEVEL CHANGES, seawater salineness, sand grating, packing, porosity, water-bearing zone and aeration zone thickness and precipitation intensity etc.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, seek to design the underground facade two dimension of a kind of sandy beach oil pollution experimental provision, solve a difficult problem for facade two dimension, wave, surface precipitation, seawater position and the WATER LEVEL CHANGES that cannot consider in normal experiment technology, for microbial degradation and the bioremediation technology problem of research Marine shoal petroleum pollution absorption and dispose procedure and petroleum pollution, provide accurate technology experiment device.
To achieve these goals, the Comprehensive Experiment scheme of the sandy beach oil pollution in ocean the present invention relates to is: the starting point taking the facade two dimensional cross-section perpendicular to shore line as research, foundation comprises coastal waters, the steel framework experiment cell body of sandy beach and underground water-permeable and aquiclude, there is to overflow oil accident or seawater while polluted by oily waste water at coastal zone, by add a certain amount of oil or oily waste water to coastal waters, regulate seawater position, underground water table, Frequency Drive is made the conditions such as wave system system and contingent Precipitation Process, form that landwards direction and downward two-dimentional diffusion and the oil contaminants of vertical distribute by seashore, the index such as oil concentration distribution and the distribution of oil adsorption strength and burst size in the sampling sandy beach of test and underground water-permeable layer, grasp the Transport And Transformation rule of the underground two-dimentional petroleum pollution of sandy beach, and then carry out under these conditions microbial degradation and the bioremediation technology experimental study of petroleum pollution.
The agent structure of the underground facade oil pollution of the sandy beach experimental provision the present invention relates to comprises facade steel framework cell body, facade after cell body, front facade, right side facade, the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade, sole plate, bottom panel, set bolt, porous plate, framework girder steel, framework steel column, sand thieff hatch, phreatic line, coastal waters, waterproof body, seawater bit line, sandy beach surface, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft, determine head water supply pipe valve, flowmeter, along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, sea water circulating pump, seawater periodical feeding pipe, seawater position regulating box, weir divider, seawater water supply hose, run-down pipe, seawater storage tank, emptying pipe valve, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the first fixed support, underground water table regulating box, weir divider, underground percolation delivery hose, threeway, emptying pipe valve, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the second fixed support, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, gravimetric method metering water tank, emptied of water pipe valve, electronic weighbridge, seawater position gaging hole, underground water level of drilled shaft scale, underground percolation, aeration zone, the 3rd fixed support, self-locking ratchet, slide rail, ratchet, detent, rocking bar, handle, pressure measurement row, piezometric tube, scale, flexible pipe, bearing fixed support, wave paddle, connecting rod, the 4th fixed support, eccentric wheel, slowspeed machine, shaft coupling and frequency converter, the facade steel framework cell body upper opening of box structure, after cell body, facade and front facade are processed into by transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, observe sand pervious bed and phreatic line when experiment, right side facade and the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade are added and are made work by steel plate, and facade dismantled and assembled door-plate in left side forms the door that sand of facade steel framework cell body, sole plate is processed into by square steel, and bottom panel is processed into by steel plate, and set bolt is fastened as a whole dismantled and assembled left side facade door-plate and sole plate, in forward and backward of facade steel framework cell body, be shaped with many framework steel columns, the upper and lower end of framework steel column adopts beam welding to form circle body force structure, in case unbalance stress causes cell body distortion and cracking, facade steel framework cell body forward and backward is shaped with respectively horizontal framework girder steel, and it is stressed that between framework girder steel and each circle body force structure, welding forms steel framework entirety, each side of facade steel framework cell body is or employing adhesive tape sealing leakproof bonding with marine glue respectively, porous plate is permeable dividing plate, and underground percolation district and water side vertical shaft are separated, and covers 1-2 layer burlap sheet prevent sand running-down in its permeable dividing plate left side, on front facade, adopt grid type interval to be uniformly distributed and be shaped with sand thieff hatch, for the sand of sampling, to measure character, oil adsorption strength and the burst size index of sand in stratum, plug sealing is installed, phreatic line is a performance graph, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reflection underground percolation district, and the below of phreatic line arranges underground percolation district, and the top of phreatic line is aeration zone, in the inner chamber of facade steel framework cell body, be filled with sand filler, according to experiment stratigraphic structure, adopt plastics or timber to be processed into waterproof body and local coastal waters, seawater bit line is a performance graph, sandy beach surface be used for simulating Precipitation Process along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft adopts underground water level of drilled shaft scale observation water side, vadose region water level, the bottom of underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is shaped with respectively threeway, emptying pipe valve and underground percolation delivery hose, underground percolation delivery hose is communicated with underground water table regulating box, and emptying pipe valve is for discharging the underground water of the experiment vadose region in facade steel framework cell body, the each piezometric tube being shaped with on pressure measurement row adopts flexible pipe to be connected to the sand thieff hatch that grid type is layouted, and for measuring the some pressure in underground percolation district, scale is used for reading each point pressure, to calculate underground water table, seepage velocity and infiltration coefficient, seawater position gaging hole is connected on pressure measurement row's piezometric tube by soft pipe connection formula, to obtain seawater place value, in seawater storage tank, be the experiment seawater of natural sea-water or human configuration, pass through seawater periodical feeding pipe to seawater position regulating box periodical feeding through sea water circulating pump, bottom one side of seawater storage tank is shaped with the emptying pipe valve of seawater storage tank, the first weir divider is set in the middle of the regulating box of seawater position, and the first case bottom, weir divider upstream connects the water supply hose of coastal waters, for regulating and maintain stable seawater position, at the bottom of the first weir divider downstream tank, connect run-down pipe, run-down pipe passes back into seawater storage tank again, on facade steel framework cell body left surface, be shaped with the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter for regulating seawater position height, simulated seawater position changes, the first fixed support is fixed on facade steel framework cell body for the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, shake by handle the water level regulating box lifting that rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, and it is contrary to realize self-locking by self-locking ratchet, when experiment is need to reduce water level time, manually remove detent, reversing handle, reduces water level regulating box, and putting down detent, to realize self-locking contrary, is connected on the piezometric tube that pressure measurement arranges and reads seawater position with flexible pipe by seawater position gaging hole, experiment starts forward direction coastal waters wash by water to testing water level, opens and comprise that the wave system of making of frequency converter and wave paddle unites after sandy beach stability of groundwater level, adds oil or oily waste water and carries out corresponding Experiment Data Records to coastal waters, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is connected with underground water table regulating box with flexible pipe by bottom threeway, the second weir divider is set in the middle of underground water table regulating box, at the bottom of the second weir divider upstream case, connect water side, vadose region vertical shaft by flexible pipe, to stablize underground water table, underground water table regulating box is fixed on slide rail by the second fixed support, and slide rail is dynamically connected with the self-locking ratchet wheel sliding being fixed on the 3rd fixed support, at the bottom of the second weir divider downstream tank, connect underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe is connected in series connection with the emptied of water pipe valve on gravimetric method metering water tank, the inner chamber right side of facade steel framework cell body is vertically fixedly shaped with underground water level of drilled shaft scale, gravimetric method metering water tank is placed on electronic weighbridge, and time recording underground water table and seepage flow water outlet weight, to obtain water level and the discharge curve of seepage flow, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter is used for regulating underground water table height, and simulate formation water level changes, and the second fixed support is for being fixed on facade steel framework cell body by the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the water level regulating box lifting that handle shake rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, self-locking ratchet self-locking is contrary, when experiment is need to reduce water level time, manually remove detent, reverse gear handle, water level regulating box is reduced to needs height of water level, and putting down detent, to realize self-locking contrary, reads underground water table by underground water level of drilled shaft scale, determine head water supply pipe valve and be connected with outside experiment high-level tank water system, flowmeter for measure simulation Precipitation Process along the release water yield of antipriming pipe of journey, release antipriming pipe precipitation leaching simulating system along journey can be according to experimental program control precipitation intensity, by facade steel framework cell body top open part enforcement simulation Precipitation Process, when determining head water supply pipe valve Close All, illustrate that this greasy dirt section present position is without precipitation leaching, the diffusion of the greasy dirt of underground two dimensional fluid flow is infiltrated generation by seawater, bearing fixed support is weldingly fixed on the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade inner side, the lower end of wave paddle is fixedly mounted on bearing fixed support, between the side of the dual-side of wave paddle and facade steel framework cell body, leave certain gap, connecting rod is connected between wave paddle and eccentric wheel by the 4th fixed support respectively, slowspeed machine is fitted with frequency converter so that adjusting rotary speed, and shaft coupling and eccentric wheel and slowspeed machine are supporting, when experiment, by adjusting, wave paddle, connecting rod and eccentric size obtain various amplitude and modulus of periodicity is intended wave effect, eccentric wheel in motion process first drivening rod so that drive wave paddle produce the simulated waves effect of going round and beginning again, between bearing fixed support, wave paddle, connecting rod and eccentric wheel, junction needs frequent coating lubricating oil to reduce resistance, on the 4th fixed support, be fixedly connected with and be shaped with slowspeed machine, slowspeed machine is connected with externally fed circuit, the electric wire picking out control electric cabinet with ground in gauge tap be connected, the output shaft of slowspeed machine is connected with shaft coupling, shaft coupling and eccentric wheel interlock, eccentric wheel is fixedly installed in one end of connecting rod, and the other end of connecting rod is connected with wave paddle, and wave paddle bottom is connected with bearing fixed support.
Compared with prior art, its apparatus structure is reasonable, simple to operate in the present invention, is easy to manufacture and grasp the control of experiment condition and flexible adjustment, experimental technique and reliable results.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is agent structure principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the pressure measurement row structural principle schematic diagram the present invention relates to.
Fig. 3 is the self-locking rack-and-pinion elevator structure principle schematic the present invention relates to, and wherein a is elevator structure principle schematic, and b is self-locking gear & rack structure principle schematic.
Fig. 4 is that the Frequency Drive the present invention relates to is made wave system system structural principle schematic diagram (A view).
Embodiment:
Below by embodiment and by reference to the accompanying drawings do the present invention is further described.
The agent structure of the underground facade oil pollution of the sandy beach experimental provision that the present embodiment relates to comprises facade steel framework cell body 1, facade 2 after cell body, front facade 3, right side facade 4, the dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 of left side facade, sole plate 6, bottom panel 7, set bolt 8, porous plate 9, framework girder steel 10, framework steel column 11, sand thieff hatch 12, phreatic line 13, coastal waters 14, waterproof body 15, seawater bit line 16, sandy beach surface 17, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18, determine head water supply pipe valve 19, flowmeter 20, along the journey antipriming pipe 21 of releasing, sea water circulating pump 22, seawater periodical feeding pipe 23, seawater position regulating box 24, the first weir divider 25, seawater water supply hose 26, run-down pipe 27, seawater storage tank 28, emptying pipe valve 29, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 30, the first fixed support 31, underground water table regulating box 32, the second weir divider 33, underground percolation delivery hose 34, threeway 35, emptying pipe valve 36, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 37, the second fixed support 38, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe 39, gravimetric method metering water tank 40, emptied of water pipe valve 41, electronic weighbridge 42, seawater position gaging hole 43, underground water level of drilled shaft scale 44, underground percolation 45, aeration zone 46, the 3rd fixed support 47, self-locking ratchet 48, slide rail 49, ratchet 50, detent 51, rocking bar 52, handle 53, pressure measurement row 54, piezometric tube 55, scale 56, flexible pipe 57, bearing fixed support 58, wave paddle 59, connecting rod 60, the 4th fixed support 61, eccentric wheel 62, slowspeed machine 63, shaft coupling 64 and frequency converter 65, facade steel framework cell body 1 upper opening of box structure, after cell body, facade 2 and front facade 3 are processed into by transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, observe sand pervious bed and phreatic line 13 when experiment, the dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 of right side facade 4 and left side facade is added and is made work by steel plate, and facade dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 in left side forms the door that sand of facade steel framework cell body 1, sole plate 6 is processed into by square steel, and bottom panel 7 is processed into by steel plate, and set bolt 8 is fastened as a whole dismantled and assembled left side facade door-plate 5 with sole plate 6, in forward and backward of facade steel framework cell body 1, be shaped with many framework steel columns 11, the upper and lower end of framework steel column 11 adopts beam welding to form circle body force structure, in case unbalance stress causes cell body distortion and cracking, facade steel framework cell body 1 forward and backward is shaped with respectively horizontal framework girder steel 10, and it is stressed that between framework girder steel 10 and each circle body force structure, welding forms steel framework entirety, each side of facade steel framework cell body 1 is or employing adhesive tape sealing leakproof bonding with marine glue respectively, porous plate 9 is permeable dividing plate, and underground percolation district 45 is separated with water side vertical shaft 18, covers 1-2 layer burlap sheet prevent sand running-down in its permeable dividing plate left side, on front facade 3, adopt grid type interval to be uniformly distributed and be shaped with sand thieff hatch 12, for the sand of sampling, to measure character, oil adsorption strength and the burst size index of sand in stratum, plug sealing is installed, phreatic line 13 is a performance graph, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reflection underground percolation district, and the below of phreatic line 13 arranges underground percolation district 45, and the top of phreatic line 13 is aeration zone 46, in the inner chamber of facade steel framework cell body 1, be filled with sand filler, according to experiment stratigraphic structure, adopt plastics or timber to be processed into waterproof body 15 and local coastal waters 14, seawater bit line 16 is a performance graph, sandy beach surface 17 be used for simulating Precipitation Process along the journey antipriming pipe 21 of releasing, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18 adopts underground water level of drilled shaft scale 44 to observe water side, vadose region water level, the bottom of underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18 is shaped with respectively threeway 35, emptying pipe valve 36 and underground percolation delivery hose 34, underground percolation delivery hose 34 is communicated with underground water table regulating box 32, and emptying pipe valve 36 is for discharging the underground water of the experiment vadose region in facade steel framework cell body 1, the each piezometric tube 55 being shaped with on pressure measurement row adopts flexible pipe 57 to be connected to the sand thieff hatch 12 that grid type is layouted, and for measuring the some pressure in underground percolation district, scale 56 is for reading each point pressure, to calculate underground water table, seepage velocity and infiltration coefficient, gaging hole 43 use flexible pipe 57 communication types in seawater position are connected on pressure measurement row 54 piezometric tube 55, to obtain seawater place value, in seawater storage tank 28, be the experiment seawater of natural sea-water or human configuration, give seawater position regulating box 24 periodical feedings through sea water circulating pump 22 by seawater periodical feeding pipe 23, bottom one side of seawater storage tank 28 is shaped with the emptying pipe valve 29 of seawater storage tank, the water supply hose 26 that the first weir divider 25, the first weir divider 25 case bottoms, upstream connect coastal waters 14 is set, for regulating and maintain stable seawater position in the middle of seawater position regulating box 24, at the bottom of the first weir divider downstream tank, connect run-down pipe 27, run-down pipe 27 passes back into seawater storage tank 28 again, on facade steel framework cell body 1 left surface, be shaped with the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 30 for regulating seawater position height, simulated seawater position changes, the first fixed support 31 is fixed on facade steel framework cell body 1 for the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 30, shake by handle 53 water level regulating box 24 liftings that rocking bar 52 swing pinion band carry-over bars connect, and it is contrary to realize self-locking by self-locking ratchet 50, when experiment is need to reduce water level time, manually remove detent 51, reversing handle 53, reduces water level regulating box 24, and putting down detent 51, to realize self-locking contrary, is connected to pressure measurement arranges on 54 piezometric tube 55 and read seawater position by seawater position gaging hole 43 use flexible pipes 57, experiment starts forward direction coastal waters 14 washes by water to testing water level, after sandy beach stability of groundwater level, open comprise frequency converter 65 and wave paddle 59 make wave system system, add oil or oily waste water and carry out corresponding Experiment Data Records to coastal waters, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18 is connected with underground water table regulating box 32 with flexible pipe 34 by bottom threeway 35, the second weir divider 33 is set in the middle of underground water table regulating box 32, at the bottom of the second weir divider 33 upstream casees, connect water side, vadose region vertical shaft 18 by flexible pipe 34, to stablize underground water table, underground water table regulating box 32 is fixed on slide rail 49 by the second fixed support 38, and slide rail 49 is slidably connected with the self-locking ratchet 48 being fixed on the 3rd fixed support 47, at the bottom of the second weir divider 33 downstream tank, connect underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe 39, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe 39 is connected in series connection with the emptied of water pipe valve 41 on gravimetric method metering water tank 40, the inner chamber right side of facade steel framework cell body 1 is vertically fixedly shaped with underground water level of drilled shaft scale 44, gravimetric method metering water tank 40 is placed on electronic weighbridge 42, and time recording underground water table and seepage flow water outlet weight, to obtain water level and the discharge curve of seepage flow, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 37 is for regulating underground water table height, and simulate formation water level changes, and the second fixed support 38 is for being fixed on facade steel framework cell body 1 by the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 37, handle 53 shakes water level regulating box 32 liftings that rocking bar 52 swing pinion band carry-over bars connect, and self-locking ratchet 50 self-lockings are contrary, when experiment is need to reduce water level time, manually remove detent 51, reverse gear handle 53, water level regulating box 32 is reduced to needs height of water level, and putting down detent 51, to realize self-locking contrary, reads underground water table by underground water level of drilled shaft scale 44, determine head water supply pipe valve 19 and be connected with outside experiment high-level tank water system, flowmeter 20 for measure simulation Precipitation Process along the release water yield of antipriming pipe 21 of journey, release antipriming pipe precipitation leaching simulating system along journey can be according to experimental program control precipitation intensity, by facade steel framework cell body top open part enforcement simulation Precipitation Process, when determining head water supply pipe valve 19 Close Alls, illustrate that this greasy dirt section present position is without precipitation leaching, the diffusion of the greasy dirt of underground two dimensional fluid flow is infiltrated generation by seawater, bearing fixed support 58 is weldingly fixed on the dismantled and assembled door-plate of facade 5 inner sides, left side, the lower end of wave paddle 59 is fixedly mounted on bearing fixed support 58, between the side of the dual-side of wave paddle 59 and facade steel framework cell body 1, leave certain gap, connecting rod 60 is connected between wave paddle 59 and eccentric wheel 62 by the 4th fixed support 61 respectively, slowspeed machine 63 is fitted with frequency converter 65 so that adjusting rotary speed, and shaft coupling 64 and eccentric wheel 62 are supporting with slowspeed machine 63, when experiment, by adjusting, the size of wave paddle 59, connecting rod 60 and eccentric wheel 62 obtains various amplitude and modulus of periodicity is intended wave effect, eccentric wheel 62 in motion process first drivening rod 60 so that drive wave paddle 59 produce the simulated waves effect of going round and beginning again, between bearing fixed support 58, wave paddle 59, connecting rod 60 and eccentric wheel 62, junction needs frequent coating lubricating oil to reduce resistance, on the 4th fixed support 61, be fixedly connected with and be shaped with slowspeed machine 63, slowspeed machine 63 is connected with externally fed circuit, the electric wire picking out control electric cabinet with ground in gauge tap be connected, the output shaft of slowspeed machine 63 is connected with shaft coupling 64, shaft coupling 64 and eccentric wheel 62 interlocks, eccentric wheel 62 is fixedly installed in one end of connecting rod 60, and the other end of connecting rod 60 is connected with wave paddle 59, and wave paddle 59 bottoms are connected with bearing fixed support 58.
Embodiment 1:
Width y × height z × thickness b=5100mm × 2100mm × 150mm of the facade steel framework cell body 1 of the present embodiment, forward and backward facade adopts the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate processing of thickness 16mm, and both sides adopt the steel plate processing of thickness 5mm; Facade steel framework adopts 100mm and 80mm square steel to reinforce and forms, steel plate base length × wide × height=5100mm × 450mm × 100mm, and all steel members are all brushed rust protection paint and are safeguarded; Porous plate adopts the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate processing of thickness 16mm, and facade steel framework cell body is isolated the wide underground percolation district water side vertical shaft of 100mm by this plate; The underground waterproof body of sandy beach adopts plastics or timber to process according to experiment stratigraphic structure; The local coastal zone seawater of facade steel framework cell body section periodical feeding, the water inlet of precipitation leaching simulating system and underground percolation rising pipe are all installed Φ 50 valves and are regulated and controled water level and flow; Two water level regulating boxs are arranged on respectively the arranged on left and right sides of facade steel framework cell body, be respectively used to regulate seawater position and underground water table, the material of water level regulating box is poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, length × wide × height=300mm × 150mm × 300mm, water tank is divided into two parts by weir divider, dividing plate upper pond level regulates the long 200mm of casing, the long 100mm of dividing plate downstream Overflow drainage casing; Between gear rack elevating machine and facade steel framework cell body, be connected with fixed support, connect with fixed support equally between water level regulating box and gear rack elevating machine; Self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter is all by water level amplitude of accommodation 1000mm and precision 2mm requirement, by machine works's customization processing; Precipitation leaching simulating system adopt Φ 50 along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, be fixed on the upper end of facade steel framework cell body, when experiment to " rainwater " that evenly spray varying strength in cell body, so that simulation Precipitation Process.Seawater storage tank is the cube of 1000mm, is made up of PE plate, and sea water circulating pump is selected low lift stainless steel pipes pump; The cube that underground percolation district water outlet gravimetric method metering water tank is 600mm, made by PE plate, electronic weighbridge range 250kg, Frequency Drive is made the motor of wave system system and eccentric wheel and other corollary apparatus and is fixed on the top of facade steel framework cell body, motor model is 220V, 500W, frequency converter timing scope is: 0-60r/min, selects suitable eccentric wheel and other corollary apparatus.
The underground percolation district sand filler that the present embodiment relates to picks up from Qingdao Beaches, before filling in facade steel framework cell body, the characteristics such as the grading curve of look-ahead analysis sand, apogee distance groove top, sand filling surface right side 100mm, left side local coastal zone perigee distance groove top 1400mm, fill out and make with reference to actual coastal zone and Coastal Area perpendicular to the topographic profile of shore line section, as shown in Figure 1, making 2 pressure measurement that are made up of 12 glass tubes by oneself arranges, be fixed on facade after cell body, flexible pipe is connected to the pressure tap that on the front facade of cell body, gridding method is layouted, will be to local coastal zone bath and the humidification of drenching with rain after sand filler end-of-fill, open frequency conversion and make wave system system, carry out underground water table adjusting, after filler is stablized a couple of days, the thieff hatch that on facade, gridding method is layouted before cell body is taked sandy soil sample, carry out packing, porosity, the index determinings such as water percentage, the two dimensional fluid flow diffusion dynamic test of carrying out sandy beach oil pollution after experiment is all ready.
Claims (1)
1. the underground facade two dimension of a sandy beach oil pollution experimental provision, is characterized in that agent structure comprises facade steel framework cell body, facade after cell body, front facade, right side facade, the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade, sole plate, bottom panel, set bolt, porous plate, framework girder steel, framework steel column, sand thieff hatch, phreatic line, coastal waters, waterproof body, seawater bit line, sandy beach surface, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft, determine head water supply pipe valve, flowmeter, along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, sea water circulating pump, seawater periodical feeding pipe, seawater position regulating box, weir divider, seawater water supply hose, run-down pipe, seawater storage tank, emptying pipe valve, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the first fixed support, underground water table regulating box, weir divider, underground percolation delivery hose, threeway, emptying pipe valve, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the second fixed support, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, gravimetric method metering water tank, emptied of water pipe valve, electronic weighbridge, seawater position gaging hole, underground water level of drilled shaft scale, underground percolation, aeration zone, the 3rd fixed support, self-locking ratchet, slide rail, ratchet, detent, rocking bar, handle, pressure measurement row, piezometric tube, scale, flexible pipe, bearing fixed support, wave paddle, connecting rod, the 4th fixed support, eccentric wheel, slowspeed machine, shaft coupling and frequency converter, the facade steel framework cell body upper opening of box structure, after cell body, facade and front facade are processed into by transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, observe sand pervious bed and phreatic line when experiment, right side facade and the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade are added and are made work by steel plate, and facade dismantled and assembled door-plate in left side forms the door that sand of facade steel framework cell body, sole plate is processed into by square steel, and bottom panel is processed into by steel plate, and set bolt is fastened as a whole dismantled and assembled left side facade door-plate and sole plate, in forward and backward of facade steel framework cell body, be shaped with many framework steel columns, the upper and lower end of framework steel column adopts beam welding to form circle body force structure, in case unbalance stress causes cell body distortion and cracking, facade steel framework cell body forward and backward is shaped with respectively horizontal framework girder steel, and it is stressed that between framework girder steel and each circle body force structure, welding forms steel framework entirety, each side of facade steel framework cell body is or employing adhesive tape sealing leakproof bonding with marine glue respectively, porous plate is permeable dividing plate, and underground percolation district and water side vertical shaft are separated, and covers 1-2 layer burlap sheet prevent sand running-down in its permeable dividing plate left side, on front facade, adopt grid type interval to be uniformly distributed and be shaped with sand thieff hatch, for the sand of sampling, to measure character, oil adsorption strength and the burst size index of sand in stratum, plug sealing is installed, phreatic line is a performance graph, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reflection underground percolation district, and the below of phreatic line arranges underground percolation district, and the top of phreatic line is aeration zone, in the inner chamber of facade steel framework cell body, be filled with sand filler, according to experiment stratigraphic structure, adopt plastics or timber to be processed into waterproof body and local coastal waters, seawater bit line is a performance graph, sandy beach surface be used for simulating Precipitation Process along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft adopts underground water level of drilled shaft scale observation water side, vadose region water level, the bottom of underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is shaped with respectively threeway, emptying pipe valve and underground percolation delivery hose, underground percolation delivery hose is communicated with underground water table regulating box, and emptying pipe valve is for discharging the underground water of the experiment vadose region in facade steel framework cell body, the each piezometric tube being shaped with on pressure measurement row adopts flexible pipe to be connected to the sand thieff hatch that grid type is layouted, and for measuring the some pressure in underground percolation district, scale is used for reading each point pressure, to calculate underground water table, seepage velocity and infiltration coefficient, seawater position gaging hole is connected on pressure measurement row's piezometric tube by soft pipe connection formula, to obtain seawater place value, in seawater storage tank, be the experiment seawater of natural sea-water or human configuration, pass through seawater periodical feeding pipe to seawater position regulating box periodical feeding through sea water circulating pump, bottom one side of seawater storage tank is shaped with the emptying pipe valve of seawater storage tank, weir divider is set in the middle of the regulating box of seawater position, and case bottom in weir divider upstream connects the water supply hose of coastal waters, for regulating and maintain stable seawater position, at the bottom of weir divider downstream tank, connect run-down pipe, run-down pipe passes back into seawater storage tank again, on facade steel framework cell body left surface, be shaped with the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter for regulating seawater position height, simulated seawater position changes, the first fixed support is fixed on facade steel framework cell body for the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, shake by handle the water level regulating box lifting that rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, and it is contrary to realize self-locking by self-locking ratchet, when experiment is need to reduce water level time, manually remove detent, reversing handle, reduces water level regulating box, and putting down detent, to realize self-locking contrary, is connected on the piezometric tube that pressure measurement arranges and reads seawater position with flexible pipe by seawater position gaging hole, experiment starts forward direction coastal waters wash by water to testing water level, opens and comprise that the wave system of making of frequency converter and wave paddle unites after sandy beach stability of groundwater level, adds oil or oily waste water and carries out corresponding Experiment Data Records to coastal waters, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is connected with underground water table regulating box with flexible pipe by bottom threeway, in the middle of underground water table regulating box, weir divider is set, and connects water side, vadose region vertical shaft, to stablize underground water table at the bottom of the case of weir divider upstream by flexible pipe, underground water table regulating box is fixed on slide rail by the second fixed support, and slide rail is dynamically connected with the self-locking ratchet wheel sliding being fixed on the 3rd fixed support, at the bottom of weir divider downstream tank, connect underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe is connected in series connection with the emptied of water pipe valve on gravimetric method metering water tank, the inner chamber right side of facade steel framework cell body is vertically fixedly shaped with underground water level of drilled shaft scale, gravimetric method metering water tank is placed on electronic weighbridge, and time recording underground water table and seepage flow water outlet weight, to obtain water level and the discharge curve of seepage flow, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter is used for regulating underground water table height, and simulate formation water level changes, and the second fixed support is for being fixed on facade steel framework cell body by the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the water level regulating box lifting that handle shake rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, self-locking ratchet self-locking is contrary, when experiment is need to reduce water level time, manually remove detent, reverse gear handle, water level regulating box is reduced to needs height of water level, and putting down detent, to realize self-locking contrary, reads underground water table by underground water level of drilled shaft scale, determine head water supply pipe valve and be connected with outside experiment high-level tank water system, flowmeter for measure simulation Precipitation Process along the release water yield of antipriming pipe of journey, release antipriming pipe precipitation leaching simulating system along journey can be according to experimental program control precipitation intensity, by facade steel framework cell body top open part enforcement simulation Precipitation Process, when determining head water supply pipe valve Close All, illustrate that this greasy dirt section present position is without precipitation leaching, the diffusion of the greasy dirt of underground two dimensional fluid flow is infiltrated generation by seawater, bearing fixed support is weldingly fixed on the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade inner side, the lower end of wave paddle is fixedly mounted on bearing fixed support, between the side of the dual-side of wave paddle and facade steel framework cell body, leave gap, connecting rod is connected between wave paddle and eccentric wheel by the 4th fixed support respectively, slowspeed machine is fitted with frequency converter so that adjusting rotary speed, and shaft coupling and eccentric wheel and slowspeed machine are supporting, when experiment, by adjusting, wave paddle, connecting rod and eccentric size obtain various amplitude and modulus of periodicity is intended wave effect, eccentric wheel in motion process first drivening rod so that drive wave paddle produce the simulated waves effect of going round and beginning again, between bearing fixed support, wave paddle, connecting rod and eccentric wheel, junction needs frequent coating lubricating oil to reduce resistance, on the 4th fixed support, be fixedly connected with and be shaped with slowspeed machine, slowspeed machine is connected with externally fed circuit, the electric wire picking out control electric cabinet with ground in gauge tap be connected, the output shaft of slowspeed machine is connected with shaft coupling, shaft coupling and eccentric wheel interlock, eccentric wheel is fixedly installed in one end of connecting rod, and the other end of connecting rod is connected with wave paddle, and wave paddle bottom is connected with bearing fixed support.
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| CN107290260B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2024-01-30 | 天津大学 | Water circulation sand tank test device for pressure-bearing water seepage model |
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| CN109900596A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-06-18 | 河海大学 | A kind of experimental provision for simulating Shallow Groundwater Pollution regulation effect |
| CN109917110B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2021-08-27 | 河海大学 | Device and method for measuring water inflow amount of oil substances |
| CN114487350A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 南京大学 | Indoor simulation experiment device and method for microbial field in organic pollution field |
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