CN103234347B - Method for optimizing and controlling rotary kiln air volume - Google Patents
Method for optimizing and controlling rotary kiln air volume Download PDFInfo
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- CN103234347B CN103234347B CN201310174652.2A CN201310174652A CN103234347B CN 103234347 B CN103234347 B CN 103234347B CN 201310174652 A CN201310174652 A CN 201310174652A CN 103234347 B CN103234347 B CN 103234347B
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Abstract
A method for optimizing and controlling rotary kiln air volume includes that closed-loop control is conducted on fuel flow according to load raw material flow, the kiln tail temperature and temperature difference between the kiln head and the kiln tail, optimal air volume is found according to the fuel flow, a back-to-back method and a self-optimization algorithm, and closed-loop control on the air volume is achieved. By means of the method, product quality problems caused by unreasonable temperature field distribution of the rotary kiln can be effectively solved, problems of insufficient burning of fuel, raw material flow abnormality in a preheater and low heat efficiency of the preheater due to unreasonable air volume can be solved effectively, and the purposes of reducing fuel consumption and stabilizing product quality are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Rotary Kiln Control technical field, relate in particular to a kind of rotary kiln Fan speed optimization method.
Background technology
A kind of important process units at rotary kiln in industries such as metallurgy, cement, rotary kiln technology device generally includes the equipment such as mulitistage cyclone, rotary kiln and cooler, rotary kiln process units productivity index comprises product quality, device capbility, product energy consumption and security and stability etc., because technical process relates to gas-solid biphase flow and complicated reaction, process lag is large, severe conjunction coupling between parameter, operation adjustment is had to very high requirement, is a difficult problem for industry process control application study always.
For the operation of rotary kiln process units, generally, based on following consideration, fuel depends on material, and air quantity depends on fuel, and kiln speed depends on the calcining situation of material in kiln, and this is the basic technology rule of calcined by rotary kiln.And to design a control system and go to realize the requirement of technological operation, meet the productivity index request of device, need to realize the best fit of air quantity, fuel, material, kiln speed, flow field, temperature field, the pressure field of firing system are stabilized in a range of balance, what also require in addition that air quantity, fuel, material coordinate is effective, and material dispersion, suspended state are good.Coal dust firing is to ensure rotary kiln high-quality, high yield, the key working well completely, wherein air quantity is controlled at and is decided by a great extent operational quality, system not only will provide enough oxygen for full combustion of fuel with air quantity, also need to meet material in pre-heating system, suspend necessary air quantity, wind speed, therefore, high-quality air quantity control is to improve efficiency of combustion and preheater heat exchange efficiency, reduces the means of energy consumption.
Patent of invention " Intelligent control method for aluminium oxide chamotte sintering rotary kiln (03157318.5) ", adopt intelligent predicting, coordination, self adaptation, multiobjective decision-making, multi-modal control technology to solve rotary kiln process control problem, its essence is and sum up artificial operating experience, the expert who realizes rotary kiln according to rule controls; Inner Mongol petrochemical industry 19 phase P87-89 in 2009, " cement kiln expert controls software and scans " article that Mei Feng delivers has been introduced multiple external cement experts and has been controlled software, and core technology principle comprises fuzzy control technology, Techniques of Neural Network, model predictive control technique etc.
In prior art, mainly comprise do not rely on Mathematical Modeling the Expert Control Technology such as fuzzy control, rely on model predictive control technique and the Techniques of Neural Network of Mathematical Modeling.Expert Control Technology is because cannot accurately describing the dynamic relationship between variable, and control accuracy is poor, and meanwhile, the rule of institute's foundation is set up for specific operation, is difficult to cover the control problem of full condition range; There is modeling length consuming time in the control technology based on model, modeling difficulty is high to the required precision of site measuring and control instrument, is difficult to the shortcomings such as adaptation for the time-varying characteristics of process.
In sum, existing technology still has some limitations and defect, therefore invention this method.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is: invent a kind of rotary kiln Fan speed optimization method, solve the unreasonable product quality problem causing of kiln temperature field distribution, solve the problem of raw material flow abnormalities and preheater hot inefficiency in the insufficient and preheater of the fuel combustion that causes because air quantity is unreasonable, totally reach reduction fuel consumption, the object of stabilized product quality.
A kind of rotary kiln Fan speed optimization method, is provided with kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller, fuel flow rate setting apparatus, fuel flow controller, air quantity setting apparatus, Fan speed optimization device, selector A, selector B, blast volume controller, fuel flow rate measurement and actuator, air measuring and actuator, raw material flow measuring transducer, temperature of kiln head measuring transducer, kiln end temperature measuring transducer and preheater differential pressure transducer.
Raw material flow is as an input of fuel flow rate setting apparatus, the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus is fuel flow rate setting value, fuel flow rate setting apparatus is set by design data or operating experience, the output sum of the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus and kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller is as the setting value of fuel flow controller, each controller adopts pid algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of fuel flow rate.
Fuel flow rate is as an input of air quantity setting apparatus, the output of air quantity setting apparatus is air quantity setting value, air quantity setting apparatus is set by design data or operating experience, the output sum of the output of air quantity setting apparatus and Fan speed optimization device exports blast volume controller to through the preheater differential pressure upper limit, lower limit amplitude limit, as the setting value of blast volume controller, blast volume controller adopts pid algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of air quantity.
The output sum of the output of air quantity setting apparatus and Fan speed optimization device is as the input 1 of selector A, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector A, selector A accepts preheater differential pressure upper limit overrun switch signal simultaneously, when super upper the prescribing a time limit of differential pressure, selector A is output as the input 2 of selector A, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector A; The output of selector A is as the input 1 of selector B, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector B, and selector B accepts preheater differential pressure lower limit overrun switch signal simultaneously, when differential pressure is less than in limited time lower, selector B is output as the input 2 of selector B, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector B; Selector B output is as the setting value of blast volume controller.
Fan speed optimization device adopts feedback transmitter adaptive searching optimal algorithm, the fuel quantity that optimization target values consumes for unit raw material, constraints is preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit, air quantity is as optimized variable, by increasing or reduce air quantity, after system responses, the variation of optimization target values under operating mode relatively, if optimization target values diminishes and significantly, this adjustment fuel saving is described, is useful, continue to adjust air quantity by current direction; If optimization target values increases and significantly, adjust the opposite direction adjustment air quantity of direction by current air quantity; In the time that optimization target values changes no longer obviously, stop adjusting air quantity, be best air quantity depending on the air quantity of current reality, searching process finishes, once and in searching process preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit transfinite, stop immediately optimizing.
Usefulness of the present invention is: the raw material flow that fuel flow rate setting apparatus is loaded taking representative, as input, provides a fuel flow rate setting value, as fuel flow rate coarse adjustment amount, makes fuel quantity can follow in time the variation of load; Kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller carry out meticulous adjusting to fuel flow rate, contribute to set up a rational thermograde in rotary kiln, are the important means that ensures control of product quality; Air quantity setting apparatus, to represent that fuel flow rate is as input, provides an air quantity setting value, as air quantity coarse adjustment amount, makes air quantity can follow in time the variation of fuel quantity; Fan speed optimization device carries out meticulous adjusting for finding the best air quantity realization matching with current fuel quantity, raw material amount to air quantity, and can take into account the requirement of pre-heating system to air quantity simultaneously, both met raw material Flow of Goods and Materials smooth and easy, can also ensure the thermal efficiency of rotary kiln and preheater, realize the Energy Saving Control of rotary kiln device; Fan speed optimization adaptive searching optimal algorithm that device adopts belongs to feedback transmitter optimized algorithm, does not rely on Mathematical Modeling, on-the-spot measuring instrument performance (as precision, drift etc.) is required low, as long as measuring instrument can reflect the trend of working conditions change.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is rotary kiln Fan speed optimization method block diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Raw material flow F1 is as the input of fuel flow rate setting apparatus, and setting apparatus output is the function of input variable F1, and this function arranges according to design data or operating experience; T2SP, T2 are respectively setting value and the measured values of kiln end temperature controller, △ T12 is the poor of temperature of kiln head and kiln end temperature, △ T12SP, △ T12 are respectively setting value and the measured values of kiln hood and kiln tail differential temperature controller, the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus and the output of kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller are exported the setting value of three's sum as fuel flow controller, fuel flow rate F2 is as the measured value of fuel flow controller, each controller adopts pid control algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of fuel flow rate; Wherein kiln end temperature controller ratio P span 80～120, the time of integration I span 200～300, differential D span 10～20; Kiln head and tail differential temperature controller ratio P span 150～200, the time of integration I span ∞, differential D span 30～50; Fuel flow controller ratio P span 60～90, the time of integration I span 30～50.
△ PHS, △ PLS are respectively preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit overrun switch amount signals, are that preheater differential pressure signal △ P is through setting value with the differential pressure upper and lower limit of artificial setting the variable relatively obtaining.
Fuel flow rate F2 is as the input of air quantity setting apparatus, and setting apparatus output is the function of input variable F2, and this function arranges according to design data or operating experience; The output sum F3S of the output of this setting apparatus and Fan speed optimization device is as the input 1 of selector A, actual air volume F3 is as the input 2 of selector A, selector A accepts preheater differential pressure upper limit overrun switch signal △ PHS simultaneously, when super upper the prescribing a time limit of differential pressure, selector A is output as the input 2 signal air quantity F3 of outlet selector A, otherwise the input 1 signal F3S of outlet selector A; The output of selector A is as the input 1 of selector B, actual air volume F3 is as the input 2 of selector B, selector B accepts preheater differential pressure lower limit overrun switch signal △ PLS simultaneously, when differential pressure is less than in limited time lower, selector B is output as the input 2 signal air quantity F3 of selector B, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector B; Selector B output is as the setting value of blast volume controller, and blast volume controller adopts PI control algolithm, ratio P span 70～80, and the time of integration, I span 20～30, realized the closed-loop control of air quantity.
Fan speed optimization device adopts adaptive searching optimal algorithm, and specific algorithm can be consulted the pertinent literatures such as the optimum seeking method of Hua Luogeng, belongs to feedback transmitter optimized algorithm by its handling characteristics; Optimization target values is calculated as
, order
setting optimization criterion threshold value σ span is 0.2%～0.5%, constraints is that preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit is also as optimizing the criterion finishing simultaneously, optimization cycle is for a change after air quantity, system reaches the required time of steady-state response, and the Optimal Step Size span of air quantity is 0.5%～1% of current air quantity F3; By increasing or reduce air quantity, after system responses, calculation optimization desired value J, if when △ J> σ, illustrates that this adjustment is useful, continues to adjust air mass flow by original direction; If when △ J<-σ, adjust the opposite direction of direction by original air quantity and adjust air quantity; When | when △ J|<=σ, stop adjusting air quantity, show that current actual air volume is best air quantity, searching process finishes, once and in searching process preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit transfinite, stop immediately optimizing.
Claims (2)
1. a rotary kiln Fan speed optimization method, be provided with kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller, fuel flow rate setting apparatus, fuel flow controller, air quantity setting apparatus, Fan speed optimization device, selector A, selector B, blast volume controller, fuel flow rate is measured and actuator, air measuring and actuator, raw material flow measuring transducer, temperature of kiln head measuring transducer, kiln end temperature measuring transducer and preheater differential pressure transducer, it is characterized in that: raw material flow is as an input of fuel flow rate setting apparatus, the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus is fuel flow rate setting value, the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus and kiln end temperature controller, the output sum of kiln head and tail differential temperature controller is as the setting value of fuel flow controller, each controller adopts pid algorithm, realize the closed-loop control of fuel flow rate, fuel flow rate is as an input of air quantity setting apparatus, the output of air quantity setting apparatus is air quantity setting value, the output sum of the output of air quantity setting apparatus and Fan speed optimization device exports blast volume controller to through the preheater differential pressure upper limit, lower limit amplitude limit, as the setting value of blast volume controller, blast volume controller adopts pid algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of air quantity, the output sum of the output of air quantity setting apparatus and Fan speed optimization device is as the input 1 of selector A, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector A, selector A accepts preheater differential pressure upper limit overrun switch signal simultaneously, when super upper the prescribing a time limit of differential pressure, selector A is output as the input 2 of selector A, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector A, the output of selector A is as the input 1 of selector B, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector B, and selector B accepts preheater differential pressure lower limit overrun switch signal simultaneously, when differential pressure is less than in limited time lower, selector B is output as the input 2 of selector B, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector B, selector B output is as the setting value of blast volume controller.
2. a kind of rotary kiln Fan speed optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Fan speed optimization device adopts feedback transmitter adaptive searching optimal algorithm, the fuel quantity that optimization target values consumes for unit raw material, constraints is preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit, air quantity is as optimized variable, by increasing or reduce air quantity, after system responses, the variation of optimization target values under operating mode relatively, find best air quantity, once preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit transfinites in searching process, stop immediately optimizing.
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| CN104019662B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2015-10-21 | 北方工业大学 | Rotary kiln control system |
| CN108871825A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-23 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | A method of judging cement kiln hot working efficiency |
| CN112050627A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-08 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Temperature control method for reduction rotary kiln |
| CN110354630B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2022-02-18 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Cold air volume control method and device for analysis tower in flue gas purification system |
| CN110482885A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-22 | 四川永祥新材料有限公司 | A kind of portland cement composition of raw materials and portland cement preparation method |
| CN110684547A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 中国计量大学 | Optimized control method for biomass pyrolysis carbonization kiln |
| CN110926200B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-03-30 | 内蒙古君正化工有限责任公司 | Control method, system and application of steam drying device |
| CN113606932B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-07-01 | 济南大学 | Method and device for evaluating and correcting on-line calculation parameters of thermal efficiency of rotary cement kiln |
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| JP2988960B2 (en) * | 1990-04-25 | 1999-12-13 | 日本石油化学株式会社 | Boiler air supply device |
| CN100348939C (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2007-11-14 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Intelligent control method for aluminium oxide chamotte sintering rotary kiln |
| CN101672482A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-03-17 | 夏学苏 | Optimized air-distribution control system for industrial furnace |
| CN102226643B (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2013-07-31 | 宁夏惠冶镁业集团有限公司 | Rotary kiln automatic control system and method |
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