CN103232174A - Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film - Google Patents
Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103232174A CN103232174A CN201310156211XA CN201310156211A CN103232174A CN 103232174 A CN103232174 A CN 103232174A CN 201310156211X A CN201310156211X A CN 201310156211XA CN 201310156211 A CN201310156211 A CN 201310156211A CN 103232174 A CN103232174 A CN 103232174A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nickel oxide
- preparation
- conductive glass
- polyaniline compound
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film, which comprises the following steps: immersing FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) conductive glass in a mixed solution of nickel acetate tetrahydrate, potassium persulfate, ammonia water and water, keeping the temperature at 160-180 for 6-12 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, cleaning, and calcining to obtain FTO conductive glass having a NiO layer; dissolving an aniline monomer in a sulfuric acid solution to obtain a deposition solution, and immersing the FTO conductive glass having the NiO layer in the deposition solution; and performing electrodeposition by taking the FTO conductive glass in the deposition solution as a working electrode and a platinum sheet as a counter electrode. The invention realizes the combination of organic and inorganic electrochromic materials on the micrometer/nanometer level; and the prepared film has favorable electrochromic property and has wide application prospects in the fields such as smart windows, large-screen display and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation field of electrochomeric films, particularly the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane.
Background technology
Electrochromic material is widely studied as one of intelligent material that application prospect is arranged at present most.Wherein inorganic, metal oxide is studied morely.Also have a lot of problems yet the present inorganic, metal oxide of studying is applied to smart window, at first, in use there is the phenomenon of electrochromic property decline in sull, and cyclical stability remains further to be improved.Electrochomeric films electrochemistry and chemical dissolution and as these two chief reasons of the accumulation of ion in electrochomeric films of charge compensation in use makes the phenomenon that electrochomeric films in use exists electrochromic property to reduce gradually; Secondly, the time of response of Tungsten oxide 99.999 electrochomeric films colour-change is slow.Inorganic electrochromic material mostly is the transition metal oxide or derivatives thereof, generally have very high tinctorial yield and electrical capacity, and variable color efficient height, stable performance, but its colour-change is to inject and black soy sauce goes out to cause owing to ion and electronics two, be subjected to the control of ion migration speed, so the time of response is slow; Moreover, the poor optical properties of oxide compound electrochomeric films, the single demand that can not satisfy practical application of colour-change.The visible light transmissivity of single oxide electrochomeric films under bleached state only has about 70%, and be poorer than the transmitance of simple glass.Its colour-change kind is limited, painted/and the bleaching scope is narrow.
At above problem, the organic/inorganic nano compounding technology is used for electrochromic material, preparation organic/inorganic compound electrochromic membrane may be effective solution.Disclose a kind of sol-gel method as CN101891402A and prepared WO
3The method of/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, (people such as F.Marystela is at J.Phys.Chem.B107 (2003) 8351.) reported that a kind of LBL embrane method prepares the method for organic/inorganic compound electrochromic membrane, but because the compound electrochromic membrane of these method preparations is generally multilayered structure, and be organic and simple combination inorganic materials, can not give full play to advantage separately.Therefore the unstable of stoicheiometry between each rete, preparation technology's problems such as non-compatibility can appear.Preparing the organic/inorganic compound electrochromic membrane in conjunction with hydrothermal method and electrodip process did not report at present as yet, this method can realize the structure design of organic/inorganic composite electrochromic material on micro-nano level, organic and inorganic electrochromic material advantage separately is not fully exerted, is expected to the electrochromic property that obtains to give prominence to.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, preparation technology is simple for this method, cost is low, can realize the structure design of organic/inorganic composite electrochromic material on micro-nano level, organic and inorganic electrochromic material advantage separately is not fully exerted.
The preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide of the present invention/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane comprises:
(1) the FTO conductive glass is immersed in the mixing solutions of four water nickelous acetates, Potassium Persulphate, ammoniacal liquor and water, 160-180 ℃ of insulation 6-12h naturally cools to room temperature, cleans, and calcines, and obtains having the FTO conductive glass of NiO layer; Wherein the mass ratio of four water nickelous acetates, Potassium Persulphate and ammoniacal liquor is 2:1:9;
(2) in the aniline monomer vitriolization solution, obtain deposit fluid, then the above-mentioned FTO conductive glass that has the NiO layer is immersed in the deposit fluid as working electrode, platinized platinum is that counter electrode carries out galvanic deposit, namely get nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, wherein the mol ratio of aniline monomer and sulfuric acid is 1:10.
Described step (1) FTO conductive glass is through supersound washing.
Through deionized water, acetone and ethanol supersound washing, the supersound washing time is 20～30 minutes for successively in described supersound washing.
Be reflected in the water heating kettle in the described step (1) and carry out, reaction soln accounts for 70% of water heating kettle volume, and the volume of water heating kettle is 70ml.The volumetric molar concentration of four water nickelous acetates is 0.03～0.05mol/L in the described step (1), and the concentration of used ammoniacal liquor is that 14.8mol/L(replenishes).
Calcining temperature is 400-600 ℃ in the described step (1), and calcination time is 2-6h.
The concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.5～1mol/L in the described step (2).
The current density of galvanic deposit is 0.05～0.5mA/cm in the described step (2)
2, depositing time is 10-60min.
The present invention prepares nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane in conjunction with hydrothermal method and electrodip process, prepared film has not only improved inorganic electrochromic material poor optical properties, color and has transformed shortcomings such as slow, cyclic reversibility difference, overcome also simultaneously that organic electrochromic materials chemistry stability is bad, capability of resistance to radiation is poor, adhered to shortcomings such as not firm with substrate, can be assembled into all kinds of electrochromic devices, have wide practical use in fields such as smart window, large screen displaies.
Beneficial effect
(1) preparation method of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, is fit to large-scale production;
(2) the present invention has realized compound on micro-nano level of organic and inorganic electrochromic material in conjunction with hydrothermal method and electrodip process, can carry out structure design by the control processing parameter, for further open novel electrochromic thin-film material provides experiment and theoretical basis;
(3) nickel oxide of the present invention/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane has not only overcome inorganic electrochromic material poor optical properties, color and has transformed shortcomings such as slow, cyclic reversibility difference, overcome also simultaneously that organic electrochromic materials chemistry stability is bad, capability of resistance to radiation is poor, adhered to shortcomings such as not firm with substrate, can be assembled into all kinds of electrochromic devices, have wide practical use in fields such as smart window, large screen displaies.
Description of drawings
The stereoscan photograph of the electro-allochromatic nickel oxide film of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 preparation;
The stereoscan photograph of the nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane of Fig. 2 embodiment 1 preparation;
The cyclic voltammetry curve figure of the nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane of Fig. 3 embodiment 1 preparation;
The light transmission rate graphic representation of nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane under different voltages of Fig. 4 embodiment 1 preparation;
The color transformation time graphic representation of nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane under different voltages of Fig. 5 embodiment 1 preparation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used for explanation the present invention and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
The FTO conductive glass is immersed in deionized water, acetone and the ethanol supersound washing separately 20 minutes, dry for standby successively.Taking by weighing 0.62g four water nickelous acetates and 0.31g Potassium Persulphate is dissolved in the 46mL water, treat that it dissolves back dropping 3mL strong aqua fully and obtains reaction soln, then the FTO conductive glass of ultrasonic cleaning is invaded and fill in the water heating kettle of reaction soln, in 180 ℃ of insulations 6 hours, naturally cool to room temperature at last, take out the FTO conductive glass, after water and ethanol clean successively, dry, calcine the FTO conductive glass that obtained having the NiO layer in 3 hours down at 500 ℃; Take by weighing the 0.93g aniline monomer and be dissolved in the sulphuric acid soln of 200mL0.5mol/L and obtain deposit fluid, the just above-mentioned FTO conductive glass that has the NiO layer that obtains is inserted in the deposit fluid as working electrode, is counter electrode with the platinized platinum, at 0.05mA/cm
2Current density under galvanic deposit obtained nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane in 60 minutes.Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of obtained NiO layer, and this film is made up of tabular NiO as can be seen, and its thickness is 100～200 nanometers.Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of prepared nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, can see that polyaniline evenly is attached to tabular NiO surface.Fig. 3 is as working electrode with nickel oxide/polyaniline laminated film, Ag/AgCl is reference electrode, platinum filament is the cyclic voltammetry curve figure that counter electrode is tested in the polycarbonate solution of the lithium perchlorate of 1mol/L, can see tangible redox peak is arranged, proof gained film has the electrochromism phenomenon in the voltage range of-0.6～1.2V, and do not have tangible downtrending through 1000 circulation after-current density, prove that it has good cyclical stability.Fig. 4 is the light transmission rate graphic representation of prepared nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane under different voltages, because the colour-change of polyaniline has diversity, therefore, and color difference under the different voltages, light transmission rate is also different.Fig. 5 is the color transformation time graphic representation of prepared nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane under different voltages, the color transformation time has nothing in common with each other under different voltages as can be seen, but all in 2s, than fast many of single oxide compound electrochomeric films.
The FTO conductive glass is immersed in deionized water, acetone and the ethanol supersound washing separately 30 minutes, dry for standby successively.Taking by weighing 0.37g four water nickelous acetates and 0.185g Potassium Persulphate is dissolved in the 47.2mL water, treat that it dissolves back dropping 1.8mL strong aqua fully and obtains reaction soln, then the FTO conductive glass of ultrasonic cleaning is invaded and fill in the water heating kettle of reaction soln, in 160 ℃ of insulations 12 hours, naturally cool to room temperature at last, take out the FTO conductive glass, after water and ethanol clean successively, dry, calcine the FTO conductive glass that obtained having the NiO layer in 6 hours down at 400 ℃; Take by weighing the 1.86g aniline monomer and be dissolved in the sulphuric acid soln of 200mL1mol/L and obtain deposit fluid, the just above-mentioned FTO conductive glass that has the NiO layer that obtains is inserted in the deposit fluid as working electrode, is counter electrode with the platinized platinum, at 0.1mA/cm
2Current density under galvanic deposit obtained nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane in 30 minutes.Stereoscan photograph shows and has obtained nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, but the NiO layer thickness is thicker than embodiment 1 prepared NiO layer, the colour-change of this film of electrochromic property test shows under different voltages has diversity, and the color transformation time is very fast.
Embodiment 3
The FTO conductive glass is immersed in deionized water, acetone and the ethanol supersound washing separately 25 minutes, dry for standby successively.Taking by weighing 0.62g four water nickelous acetates and 0.31g Potassium Persulphate is dissolved in the 46mL water, treat that it dissolves back dropping 3mL strong aqua fully and obtains reaction soln, then the FTO conductive glass of ultrasonic cleaning is invaded and fill in the water heating kettle of reaction soln, in 170 ℃ of insulations 8 hours, naturally cool to room temperature at last, take out the FTO conductive glass, after water and ethanol clean successively, dry, calcine the FTO conductive glass that obtained having the NiO layer in 2 hours down at 600 ℃; Take by weighing the 0.93g aniline monomer and be dissolved in the sulphuric acid soln of 200mL0.5mol/L and obtain deposit fluid, the just above-mentioned FTO conductive glass that has the NiO layer that obtains is inserted in the deposit fluid as working electrode, is counter electrode with the platinized platinum, at 0.5mA/cm
2Current density under galvanic deposit obtained nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane in 10 minutes.Stereoscan photograph shows and has obtained nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, but the thickness of polyaniline is thicker than embodiment 1 prepared polyaniline film, the colour-change of this film of electrochromic property test shows under different voltages has diversity, and the color transformation time is very fast.
The FTO conductive glass is immersed in deionized water, acetone and the ethanol supersound washing separately 30 minutes, dry for standby successively.Taking by weighing 0.37g four water nickelous acetates and 0.185g Potassium Persulphate is dissolved in the 47.2mL water, treat that it dissolves back dropping 1.8mL strong aqua fully and obtains reaction soln, then the FTO conductive glass of ultrasonic cleaning is invaded and fill in the water heating kettle of reaction soln, in 180 ℃ of insulations 12 hours, naturally cool to room temperature at last, take out the FTO conductive glass, after water and ethanol clean successively, dry, calcine the FTO conductive glass that obtained having the NiO layer in 4 hours down at 600 ℃; Take by weighing the 1.86g aniline monomer and be dissolved in the sulphuric acid soln of 200mL1mol/L and obtain deposit fluid, the just above-mentioned FTO conductive glass that has the NiO layer that obtains is inserted in the deposit fluid as working electrode, is counter electrode with the platinized platinum, at 0.05mA/cm
2Current density under galvanic deposit obtained nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane in 30 minutes.Stereoscan photograph shows and has obtained nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, but the thickness of polyaniline is thinner than embodiment 1 prepared polyaniline film, the colour-change of this film of electrochromic property test shows under different voltages has diversity, but shades of colour is superficial, and the color transformation time is faster than embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane comprises:
(1) the FTO conductive glass is immersed in the mixing solutions of four water nickelous acetates, Potassium Persulphate, ammoniacal liquor and water, 160-180 ℃ of insulation 6-12h naturally cools to room temperature, cleans, and calcines, and obtains having the FTO conductive glass of NiO layer; Wherein the mass ratio of four water nickelous acetates, Potassium Persulphate and ammoniacal liquor is 2:1:9;
(2) in the aniline monomer vitriolization solution, obtain deposit fluid, then the above-mentioned FTO conductive glass that has the NiO layer is immersed in the deposit fluid as working electrode, platinized platinum is that counter electrode carries out galvanic deposit, namely get nickel oxide/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, wherein the mol ratio of aniline monomer and sulfuric acid is 1:10.
2. the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide according to claim 1/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, it is characterized in that: described step (1) FTO conductive glass is through supersound washing.
3. the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide according to claim 2/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, it is characterized in that: through deionized water, acetone and ethanol supersound washing, the supersound washing time is 20～30 minutes for successively in described supersound washing.
4. the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide according to claim 1/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, it is characterized in that: be reflected in the water heating kettle in the described step (1) and carry out, reaction soln accounts for 70% of water heating kettle volume.
5. the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide according to claim 1/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane, it is characterized in that: the volumetric molar concentration of four water nickelous acetates is 0.03～0.05mol/L in the described step (1), the concentration of used ammoniacal liquor is 14.8mol/L.
6. the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide according to claim 1/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane is characterized in that: calcining temperature is 400-600 ℃ in the described step (1), and calcination time is 2-6h.
7. the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide according to claim 1/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane is characterized in that: the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.5～1mol/L in the described step (2).
8. the preparation method of a kind of nickel oxide according to claim 1/polyaniline compound electrochromic membrane is characterized in that: the current density of galvanic deposit is 0.05～0.5mA/cm in the described step (2)
2, depositing time is 10-60min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310156211XA CN103232174A (en) | 2013-04-28 | 2013-04-28 | Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310156211XA CN103232174A (en) | 2013-04-28 | 2013-04-28 | Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103232174A true CN103232174A (en) | 2013-08-07 |
Family
ID=48880260
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310156211XA Pending CN103232174A (en) | 2013-04-28 | 2013-04-28 | Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103232174A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103500663A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-01-08 | 东莞上海大学纳米技术研究院 | Three-dimensional compound light photocathode of P-type dye-sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274555A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 中国海洋大学 | NiO@PANI@ZnO three-dimensional nano composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110304836A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-08 | 嘉兴快闪新材料有限公司 | Deposit the chemical baths of electrochomeric films |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4996083A (en) * | 1987-02-19 | 1991-02-26 | Donnelly Corporation | Method for deposition of electrochromic layers |
| CN101781094A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-07-21 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Method for directly preparing poly (3,4) dioxoethyl-thiophene film on surface of conductive glass |
| CN101891396A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-11-24 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing inorganic/organic composite electrochromic film |
| CN101898872A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-01 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing NiO2 inorganic complex organic electrochromic film |
| CN102531409A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 中国兵器工业集团第五三研究所 | Cerium chloride doped polyphenylamine electrochromic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN103172274A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-06-26 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film |
-
2013
- 2013-04-28 CN CN201310156211XA patent/CN103232174A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4996083A (en) * | 1987-02-19 | 1991-02-26 | Donnelly Corporation | Method for deposition of electrochromic layers |
| CN101781094A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-07-21 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Method for directly preparing poly (3,4) dioxoethyl-thiophene film on surface of conductive glass |
| CN101891396A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-11-24 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing inorganic/organic composite electrochromic film |
| CN101898872A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-01 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing NiO2 inorganic complex organic electrochromic film |
| CN102531409A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 中国兵器工业集团第五三研究所 | Cerium chloride doped polyphenylamine electrochromic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN103172274A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-06-26 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| DONGYUN MA ET AL.: "Hierarchical NiO microflake films with high coloration efficiency,cyclic stability and low power consumption for applications in a complementary electrochromic device", 《NANOSCALE》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103500663A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-01-08 | 东莞上海大学纳米技术研究院 | Three-dimensional compound light photocathode of P-type dye-sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274555A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 中国海洋大学 | NiO@PANI@ZnO three-dimensional nano composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274555B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-07-11 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of NiO@PANI@ZnO three-dimensional manometer composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN110304836A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-08 | 嘉兴快闪新材料有限公司 | Deposit the chemical baths of electrochomeric films |
| CN110304836B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-11-02 | 嘉兴快闪新材料有限公司 | Chemical bath method for depositing electrochromic film |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103172274B (en) | A kind of preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film | |
| CN103469272B (en) | Tungsten trioxide/polyanilinecore-shell core-shell nanowire array radiochromic film and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101726956B (en) | Novel unit module for solar-powered self-driven electronic paper apparatus and method for preparing same | |
| CN101840795B (en) | Flexible dye-sensitized solar cell | |
| CN105060733A (en) | Electrochromic film adopting amorphous/crystalline tungsten trioxide core-shell structure and preparation method of film | |
| CN104216192A (en) | Preparation method of novel fast-response high-contrast electrochromic device | |
| CN103232174A (en) | Preparation method of nickel oxide/polyaniline composite electrochromic film | |
| Hočevar et al. | Solid electrolyte containing a colorless redox couple for electrochromic device | |
| CN105511192A (en) | High-stability and adjustable-light-transmittance environment monitoring window | |
| CN103387343A (en) | Preparation method of nickel oxide/poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) compound electrochromic film | |
| Wu et al. | Room-temperature fabrication of NiO films for electrochromic application by electrophoretic deposition (EPD): from single layers to devices | |
| CN105446046A (en) | Power module based on electric quantity visualization panel | |
| Wang et al. | A novel p/n-dopable electrochromic electrode material based on P (TPACz)/WO3 coralloid porous nanocomposite | |
| CN114538788B (en) | Preparation method of layered double hydroxide electrochromic energy storage film | |
| CN111142301B (en) | High-performance electrochromic device and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105700264A (en) | Central air conditioner system based on suppressible data panel | |
| CN105655658A (en) | Storage battery based on power consumption visual function | |
| CN104762646B (en) | Production method of three-dimensional ordered macro-porous dibismuth trioxide electrochromic film | |
| CN105446047A (en) | Electronic equipment with bus arrival information inquiry function | |
| CN105511196A (en) | Touch display screen capable of quickly adjusting luminance | |
| CN105467710A (en) | Substation voltage monitor with visual adjusting function | |
| CN105549291A (en) | High-voltage switch cabinet with transparency capable of being freely adjusted | |
| EP1494308B1 (en) | Photoelectric conversion element | |
| CN105511193A (en) | Water purification device for quickly adjusting light transmittance | |
| CN113737241B (en) | Ionic liquid doped water-soluble polythiophene composite film and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20130807 |