The hydraulic efficiency gear of oil-liquid hybrid electric passenger vehicle band Pneumatic booster fuel tank
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil-liquid hybrid electric motorcoach for urban public transport car, for solving traditional oils, hydraulic pump works that hydraulic hybrid type power motorcoach exists time exert oneself slow, the deficiencies such as noise is large, vibration, native system in use can shorten the time of accumulation of energy, improve output torque and speed of exerting oneself, stable traveling, and play effect that is energy-conservation, that reduce discharging.Belong to traffic and transport field.
Background technology
The technology of existing oil-liquid hybrid electric motorcoach, because being subject to vehicle space and heavily quantitative limitation, all adopt the form that a pump is multiplex, namely the switching plunger pump by control system during accumulation of energy is in Hydraulic Pump operating mode, and is in HM Hydraulic Motor operating mode in the fault offset stage by the switching plunger pump of control system.Because of the reasons in structure of axial plunger pump, its suction capacity is poor, can cause noise and vibration for during shortage of oil.The conventional axial plunger pump that uses all adopts the mode of forced feed to make up the deficiency of plunger pump suction capacity difference, is also exactly closed fhdraulic system.But because of the restriction by mounting condition, oil feed pump propulsion source in the practice of oil, hydraulic hybrid type power motorcoach, forced feed mode can not realize.Thus the oil of prior art, hydraulic hybrid type power motorcoach all adopt the fuel system of open-circuit system.So-called open type hydraulic system, namely fuel feeding carries out under natural normal pressure, because the pressure of fuel feeding is low, for avoiding the emptying phenomenon of oil pump, generally the oil supply tank of oil pump oil distribution casing is lengthened, although do the oil suction situation can improving oil pump like this, make the boosting of oil pump slow down like this, when particularly oil pump operating mode being switched to HM Hydraulic Motor operating mode, reduce the output torque of HM Hydraulic Motor because of the growth of distributing groove.
The present invention is directed to the use of open type hydraulic system on oil-liquid hybrid electric motorcoach not enough, motorcoach is utilized all to have the air pressure of air compression plant, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in hydraulic reservoir is carried and squeezes into axial plunger pump, mineralization pressure fuel feeding, i.e. closed fhdraulic system.The columniform gas of the present invention, oil cylinder replace traditional hydraulic reservoir.Have that volume is little, structure is simple, generation that is hydraulic coupling do not need extra propulsive effort, reduce noise and the vibration of hydraulic efficiency pressure system.Be adapted at the promotion and application on oil-liquid hybrid electric motorcoach.
Summary of the invention
Oil-liquid hybrid electric motorcoach is the operating mode utilizing urban public traffic vehicles to pull in frequently, start, and by the kinetic energy (or potential energy) produced during car brakeing, is converted to hydraulic energy be stored in bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator by electricity, liquid control system.Discharged by hydraulic energy in energy storage by electricity, liquid control system in the starting stage of vehicle, convert mechanical energy to and drive vehicle to advance, this stage automotive engine is in the idling stage, does not participate in the starting of vehicle and does work.When vehicle reaches speed per hour 20KM, transmission for vehicles directly enters III shelves, normal vehicle operation of stepping on the throttle.Because vehicle is when starting, driving engine is in the stage of high energy consumption, maximum discharge, but when utilizing hydraulic energy to make vehicle launch, driving engine does not participate in acting, and saving oil consumption can reach 25%, and reducing discharge can reach 30%.The present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing oil, hydraulic hybrid type power motorcoach hydraulic efficiency pressure system, provide the Closed Hydraulic circulating system of a band pressurized fuel tank.Avoid the generation of hydraulic pressure noise and vibration, improve the reliability of oil, hydraulic hybrid type power motorcoach.
When oil-liquid hybrid electric motorcoach needs accumulation of energy, electric program controller is according to the vehicle brake sensor signal received, instruction fuel tank control cock works, pressurized air enters the lower end of pressurized fuel tank, promote piston stroking upward, the hydraulic oil of pressurized fuel tank upper end is pressed into angle type axial piston pump by piston under the effect of 0.04mpa air pressure.Electric program controller instruction power takeoff control cock work simultaneously, power takeoff input shaft connects the II axle of vehicle gear box, and now vehicle is in the coast stage, and wheel drives transmission shaft to rotate, and drives the II axle of change speed gear box to rotate simultaneously.Because now angle type axial piston pump is connected with the II axle of change speed gear box by power takeoff, low pressure oil is become high pressure oil by the bent axis type axial piston pump of rotation, squeezes into bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator store by energy storage control cock.When oil-liquid hybrid electric motorcoach needs starting, electric program controller is according to the vehicle accelerator sensor signal received, instruction power takeoff control cock works, power takeoff connects transmission for vehicles, Energy release control valve is opened simultaneously, high pressure oil in bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator squeezes into clino-axis type axial plug pump through oil-feed stroke control valve, and (now plunger pump becomes HM Hydraulic Motor operating mode, converts hydraulic energy to mechanical energy.) drive power takeoff rotation (now power takeoff input shaft becomes output shaft) to drive vehicle gear box to rotate, advanced by system of vehicle transmission shaft-driven vehicle.
The hydraulic efficiency gear of oil-liquid hybrid electric passenger vehicle band Pneumatic booster fuel tank of the present invention comprises: Pneumatic booster fuel tank 1, oil return shutoff valve 2, oil return cooler 3, unloading control valve 4, Energy release control valve 5, fault offset valve 6, oil-feed stroke control valve 7, accumulation of energy control cock 8, bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator 9, main oil return shutoff valve 10, pressure display unit 11, pressure sensor 12, slow I control cock 13, slow II control cock 14, first slow pressure regulating valve 15, second slow pressure regulating valve 16, with the oil return control cock 17 of throttling, coupler 18, with the rear-mounted power takeoff 19 of friction clutch, angle type axial piston pump 20, Pneumatic Pressure fuel tank control cock 21, friction clutch control cock 22, air pressure adjusting valve 23, electric program controller 24, braking sensor 25, throttle sensor 26, car speed sensor 27, motorcoach change speed gear box 28, motorcoach transmission shaft 29, motorcoach back axle 30, its job procedure is: during accumulation of energy operating mode, vehicle is in sliding state, vehicle bridge 30 drives change speed gear box 28 to rotate by transmission shaft 29, under the pressure signal of setting and the condition of vehicle speed signal, friction clutch control cock 22 works, the input shaft of power takeoff 19 combines with the II axle of change speed gear box 28, hydraulic efficiency pressure system works under being in the first back pressure by slow pressure regulating valve 16, Pneumatic Pressure control cock 21 works, pressurized air enters the lower end of pressurized fuel tank 1 through Pneumatic Pressure control cock 21, promote piston stroking upward, by the hydraulic oil press-in angle type axial piston pump 20 in pressurized fuel tank 1 upper end, the high pressure oil that angle type axial piston pump 20 exports squeezes into bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator 9, when the oil pressure of bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator reaches setting value, high pressure oil is through the second slow pressure regulating valve 16, main oil return shutoff valve 10 flows back to fuel tank 1, also slow Fuel Pressure Regulator Control valve 13 can be switched to slow Fuel Pressure Regulator Control valve 14, the high pressure oil that now angle type axial piston pump is got flows back to fuel tank 1 through the main oil return shutoff valve 10 of the first slow pressure regulating valve 15, form the slow back pressure of the second, during fault offset operating mode, now vehicle is in the state that the static or speed of a motor vehicle is less than 10Km, electric program controller 24 instruction friction clutch control cock 22 works, power takeoff 19 combines with the II axle of change speed gear box 28, now the input shaft of power takeoff 19 becomes output shaft, high-low pressure reversing control valve 5 works, fault offset valve 6 is opened, the high pressure oil of bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator 9 enters angle type axial piston pump 20, and high pressure oil makes angle type axial piston pump rotate, and drives power takeoff 19, change speed gear box 28, transmission shaft 29, motorcoach back axle 30 rotates, and drives vehicle to advance, and now driving engine does not participate in driving vehicle acting, and when the speed of a motor vehicle reaches 20km, vehicle gear box directly can enter III shelves and step on the throttle, engine output power, normal vehicle operation.
The present invention has following features:
1. the present invention is when hydraulic efficiency pressure system is in oil pump operating mode, hydraulic oil for fuel feed pump has certain pressure, form closed fhdraulic system, the size of its pressure realizes by regulating the size of intake pressure, the hydraulic oil that the generation of its charge oil pressure promotes hydraulic reservoir by pneumatic piston realizes, oil in hydraulic reservoir, gas are mutually isolated, its fuel feeding volume is greater than and stores oily volume, the forced feed of hydraulic efficiency pressure system, its advantage is that system boosting is fast, noise is low, hydraulic vibration is little, improves the energy-saving efficiency of oil, hydraulic hybrid type power motorcoach.
2. the present invention its to lead to angle type axial piston pump oil inlet high, the switching of low hydraulic oil is controlled automatically by big orifice stroke valve, when stroke valve epicoele enters low pressure oil, spool falls, low pressure oil enters angle type axial piston pump, now angle type axial piston pump is in oil pump operating mode, when stroke valve cavity of resorption enters high pressure oil, the spool of stroke valve is up, close low pressure oil inlet, now angle type axial piston pump is in HM Hydraulic Motor operating mode, the mode of forced feed is adopted to solve oil pump and deficiency during oil motor compatibility, the noise produced because supplying shortage of oil when namely solving oil pump operating mode, vibration and the low problem of energy storage efficiency, in turn ensure that output torque during oil motor operating mode.
3. energy-storage system of the present invention is made up of accumulation of energy control cock, bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator, pressure sensor and pressure display unit, when angle type axial piston pump is in oil pump operating mode, and bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator is when being low pressure, pressure oil enters bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator by the cavity of resorption of accumulation of energy control cock, when reaching setting pressure, the equilibrium of pressure in the upper and lower chamber of accumulation of energy control cock, under the effect of epicoele spring force, accumulation of energy control cock is closed.
4. slow Back pressure adjusting system of the present invention is made up of two-stage setting pressure, can regulate required slow back pressure according to the size of the speed of a motor vehicle, makes it reach preferably anti-dragged brake power.The setting of the slow back pressure of this device two-stage, adapts to the various operating mode of vehicle preferably to the requirement of braking force, can replace current vortex retarder or other forms of retarder.Make set of system have multiple use, reduce vehicle cost, decrease the wearing and tearing of vehicle brake shoe, save the consumption of consumable accessory.
5. the input shaft of the rearmounted power takeoff of band friction clutch of the present invention is connected with the II axle of vehicle gear box, the output shaft of power takeoff is connected with the transmission shaft of angle type axial piston pump, in power takeoff, the separation of friction clutch or combination are realized by pneumatic control valve and circular cylinder, the size of the positive pressure that friction clutch bears regulates by air vent valve, because of employing is friction clutch, so the combination of power takeoff or separation are by the restriction of the speed of a motor vehicle.Ensure that the steady nothing inputed or outputed of power takeoff moment of torsion is impacted.
6. its pump of the present invention, motor system are the shared forms adopting angle type axial piston pump, and its oil distribution casing structure adopts closed fhdraulic system structure, ensure that the output of the torque peak of HM Hydraulic Motor, reduces noise and vibration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
As the hydraulic efficiency gear schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is oil-liquid hybrid electric passenger vehicle band Pneumatic booster fuel tank of the present invention. detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1:
The present invention mainly contains: Pneumatic booster fuel tank 1, oil return shutoff valve 2, oil return cooler 3, unloading control valve 4, Energy release control valve 5, fault offset valve 6, oil-feed stroke control valve 7, accumulation of energy control cock 8, bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator 9, main oil return shutoff valve 10, pressure display unit 11, pressure sensor 12, slow I control cock 13, slow II control cock 14, first slow pressure regulating valve 15, second slow pressure regulating valve 16, with the oil return control cock 17 of throttling, coupler 18, with the rear-mounted power takeoff 19 of friction clutch, angle type axial piston pump 20, Pneumatic Pressure fuel tank control cock 21, friction clutch control cock 22, air pressure adjusting valve 23, electric program controller 24, braking sensor 25, throttle sensor 26, car speed sensor 27, motorcoach change speed gear box 28, motorcoach transmission shaft 29, motorcoach back axle 30.
1, accumulation of energy: now vehicle is in sliding state, motorcoach back axle 30 drives change speed gear box 28 to rotate by transmission shaft 29, after electric program controller 24 receives the signal of braking sensor 25, the signal of the automatic detected pressures sensor 12 of electric program controller and the signal of car speed sensor 27, under the pressure signal of setting and the enabled condition of vehicle speed signal, electric program controller 24 instruction friction clutch control cock 22 works, the input shaft of power takeoff 19 combines with the II axle of change speed gear box 28, the slow Fuel Pressure Regulator Control valve 13 of electric program controller instruction works, hydraulic efficiency pressure system works under being in the first back pressure by the second slow pressure regulating valve 16.Electric program controller instruction Pneumatic Pressure control cock 21 works, pressurized air enters the lower end of pressurized fuel tank 1 through air pressure adjusting valve 23, Pneumatic Pressure control cock 21, (now the pressure of hydraulic oil equals compressed-air actuated pressure to promote piston stroking upward, its size is by air pressure adjustment valve regulation), hydraulic oil in pressurized fuel tank 1 upper end is pressed into angle type axial piston pump 20 by oil-feed stroke valve 7, and now angle type axial piston pump 20 is in oil pump operating mode.The high pressure oil that angle type axial piston pump 20 exports squeezes into bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator 9 through accumulation of energy control cock 8, when the oil pressure of bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator reaches setting value, the high pressure oil that angle type axial piston pump is got is through the second slow pressure regulating valve 16, main oil return shutoff valve 10 flows back to fuel tank 1, also after pressure sensor 12 output signal, by electric program controller instruction, slow Fuel Pressure Regulator Control valve 13 can be switched to slow Fuel Pressure Regulator Control valve 14, the high pressure oil that now angle type axial piston pump is got flows back to fuel tank 1 through the main oil return shutoff valve 10 of the first slow control cock 15, form the slow back pressure of the second.Two-stage backpressure regulation form of the present invention plays the slow effect of braking better, can replace current vortex retarder or other forms of retarder.Reduce cost, decrease the wearing and tearing of brake shoe brake cheek, save the consumption of consumable accessory.
2, exoergic: now vehicle is in the state that the static or speed of a motor vehicle is less than 10Km, after electric program controller receives the signal of throttle sensor 26, automatic detected pressures sensor signal 12 and car speed sensor 27 signal, under the enabled condition meeting pressure signal and vehicle speed signal, electric program controller 24 instruction friction clutch control cock 22 works, and power takeoff 19 combines with the II axle of change speed gear box 28.Now the input shaft of power takeoff 19 becomes output shaft.Electric program controller instruction high-low pressure reversing control valve 5 works, and high-low pressure control cock 6 is opened.The high pressure oil of bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator 9 enters the cavity of resorption of oil-feed stroke valve 7 through high-low pressure change-over valve, push away on the spool of oil-feed stroke valve, high pressure oil enters angle type axial piston pump 20, now angle type axial piston pump is in HM Hydraulic Motor operating mode, high pressure oil makes angle type axial piston pump rotate, drive power takeoff 19, change speed gear box 28, transmission shaft 29, motorcoach back axle 30 to rotate, drive vehicle to advance, now driving engine does not participate in driving vehicle and doing work).When the speed of a motor vehicle reaches 20km, vehicle gear box directly can enter that III shelves are stepped on the throttle, engine output power, normal vehicle operation.The oil return control cock 17 of the low pressure oil band throttling that angle type axial piston pump 20 is discharged, main oil return shutoff valve 10 flow back to fuel tank 1, and the oil return wherein in angle type axial piston pump flows back to fuel tank 1 through radiator 3, oil return shutoff valve 2.
3, off-load: while closedown gross vehicle power supply, the delay function instruction unloading control valve 4 of electric program controller 24 works, and the high pressure oil in bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator 9 is put back to fuel tank 1.