CN103229002A - Solar water heater - Google Patents
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- CN103229002A CN103229002A CN2010800592269A CN201080059226A CN103229002A CN 103229002 A CN103229002 A CN 103229002A CN 2010800592269 A CN2010800592269 A CN 2010800592269A CN 201080059226 A CN201080059226 A CN 201080059226A CN 103229002 A CN103229002 A CN 103229002A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
- F24S10/501—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits of plastic material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
- F24S80/56—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by means for preventing heat loss
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49355—Solar energy device making
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an affordable solar water heater of a simple construction and a process enabling its mass production. The heater is characterized by the tank and the collector being integrated in one structurally uniform unit made of hard plastic, the unit obtained by welding two identical injected subunits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar water heater and preparation method thereof.The water heater that the inventive method provided is particularly suitable for a large amount of productions in developing country than the considerably cheaper of other method.The characteristics of water heater of the present invention are that water tank and heat collector are integrated into a unit, and are made by duroplasts.This unit can by weld two injection mouldings, preferred identical subelement obtains.
Background technology
With regard to the reproducible energy, solar energy provides the best option of clean energy resource, particularly in the country in the Southern Hemisphere.In recent years, the radiation of the sun being converted into electric energy, is the successful field of high-tech research, and it has brought up to the efficient of this class technology very practical level.Photovoltaic cell or centralized solar units, the place of its heat collector or eyeglass have been given the view of science fiction outward appearance, and the energy of tens of megawatts can be provided for electrical network.Yet with respect to solar water heater above-mentioned high-tech " low technology ", simple, it provides the energy more than ten times for little user, and its importance is increasing always.Solar water heater provides hot water for millions of autonomous users away from communication and industrial area, and only needs maintenance seldom.This is for developing country's particular importance, and these countries struggle for the sanitary condition of improving its resident, and these residents live in all the year round area preferably at sunshine just.About 1 square metre heat collector can provide 1000kWh at least in 1 year, and this may be a no small contribution for annual income Shao Yu $1000 or lower family.
Typical solar water heater (SWH) comprises that the heat collector and on a plane is used to store the water tank of hot water.Heat collector comprises a thin coiled pipe, and it is coated with the flat board towards the sun, wants heated water to move in coiled pipe, and circulates between heat collector and water tank.Water can be by pump and forced circulation, perhaps by hot water rise, cold water descends caused convection current and passive circulation, this phenomenon also is called thermal siphon and flows.Cover glass panel or other surface of insulating layer can make further minimum heat losses on heat collector.SWH can be incorporated in the complicated system; and for example can comprise that the auxiliary heating of electricity, anti-frost protection, pressure are regulated, special insulation, pump, thermostat, controller, microprocessor and other annex; so that make the optimization of utilizing of sunlight, and utilize solar energy under the not too advantageous conditions of rich countries on the Northern Hemisphere.Yet even simple relatively system also comprises many parts, its manufacturing and installation more complicated and costliness when assembling SWH system, need bigger investment.Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of conventional solar water heater that use, not expensive.
Except cost factor, world today's environmental factor also often is the factor that influence is maked decision on structure at all levels.Need the use of the complexity of considering that energy demand, installing component are arranged, non-recovered material, the restriction of metal demand, the facility of transportation and the reciprocation cycle of investment etc.Therefore, one of purpose of the present invention provide a kind of simple in structure, for expensive components with materials demand is little and the minimized solar water heater of the use of metal.Existing systems generally includes separated components at present, and these parts must be transported to the position that heater uses, and assemble and be connected on water pipe and the electrical network by the expert, and these parts is quite heavy, and is simultaneously impaired easily.So utmost point needs are light, the solar water heater of mechanically robust,, and can be used in even without the position that is connected to the network of rivers and electrical network so that can stand the load of outside transportation.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of firm solar water heater, and it is light relatively, does not need special attention during transportation, and just can install without special training, even still can work not being connected on electrical network or the water pipe.
In order to simplify the installation of SWH, the someone advises water tank and heat collector are merged in the compacter unit, adopts plastic material simultaneously.US 4,452, and 231 relate to a kind of solar heat collector, and wherein, heat collector and water tank are incorporated in the container unit.This device is made of the stacked array of vertical tubular type water tank, and each water tank is furnished with the opening of heat-conducting plate, pipe and band pressure valve; In addition, this device is united plastic cement and the heat conduction good metal of having used insulation.US 4,499, and 894 relate to a kind of solar water heater, and it is incorporated into heat collector and water tank in one plastic bottle; Its complicated structure comprises the polymeric layer and the metal forming heat exchanger of which floor different-thickness.US 5,462, and 047 relates to a kind of solar water heater, and it has the heat collector that is integrated with storage tank, and are furnished with some flow valve and thermostatic sensor.01/67008 of WO discloses a kind of solar water heater by plastic material preparation, and it comprises the flat heat collector that is incorporated in the outer cover and the water tank of tubbiness, and wherein, water tank is connected to heat collector by pipe.WO 86/03280 relates to a kind of solar water heater, and it comprises flat plate collector and the tubbiness water tank that is incorporated in the single plastic cement system unit.WO 2009/125384 relates to a kind of water tank that is integrated with solar thermal collector, and wherein, the upper surface of water tank has some protuberances, plays the effect of heat collector, and the material of entire equipment can be selected from metal, glass or plastic cement.The characteristics of prior solar water heater are to produce in a large number, can not use as cheap robust equipment.These equipment use the parts and expensive material of complexity, are difficult for transportation and installation, and wherein some equipment comprises the complexity division of inner space, and other equipment then can not enough be stablized in actual use occasion.So a further object of the present invention provides a kind of process for preparing solar water heater, it can produce simple, stable equipment on a large scale, and for developing country low price.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of cheap solar water heater, mechanically robust when it transports in the open air, and can install by the user of not training.
Along with description of the invention, can be well understood to other purpose of the present invention and advantage.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of solar water heater, it comprise one can splendid attire the container of 60 to 200 premium on currency and a surface area be 0.8 to 2m
2The sunshine heat collector, it is incorporated in the body that is essentially parallelepiped shape, this body comprises two interconnective half-cells (half-unit), each unit is to be made by the thermoplastic polymer injection moulding.Operable polymer such as polypropylene, Merlon or ABS, but also can use other suitable dress hot water also can weld or bonding polymer.In one embodiment of the present invention, solar water heater is furnished with the half-cell of two energy thermal welds.In one embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned half-cell is identical.The water heater general shape is dull and stereotyped parallel pipe, and its half-cell by two injection moulding plastic cement constitutes, and comprises the upper surface and the basal surface of rectangle and is installed in the transparent panel on the upper surface and is installed in opaque plastic plate on the basal surface.In the present invention one preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the body of above-mentioned water heater has identical rectangular shape with basal surface, be extended with several posts downwards from upper surface, protrude upward several from basal surface and have identical shaped post, these two column systems are positioned at position respect to one another; Wherein, each post all contacts another post from opposite walls, and the twice of post height has determined relative post is then closely connected together by thermal weld apart from each between these two surfaces basically.Solar water heater of the present invention does not comprise the isolating means that the stand-by moisture of water that absorbs sunlight and storage is separated basically.
The present invention relates to a kind of solar water heater, it consists essentially of three main structural components: the body of a compactness, a transparent panel and an opaque plate, and except that transparent panel, this water heater is made by plastic cement, and transparent panel can be made by glass; The body of described compactness has upper surface and basal surface, and it can obtain by two half-cells that make by injection moulding in advance, identical of thermal weld; Described transparent panel is installed on the described upper surface, and described opaque plate is installed on the described basal surface.
The invention provides a kind of method for preparing solar water heater, this solar water heater comprises container and the sunshine heat collector that is filled with water, and it is incorporated into has in body square surface, that be essentially parallelepiped shape; This method comprises: i) injection moulding half-cell so, this half-cell is the dull and stereotyped parallelepiped shape of opening, and have primary surface and a side surface (sidewall), wherein primary surface and side surface have defined half of described water heater inner space, and the height of the post that stretches out from primary surface in the inner space and the height of described sidewall are basic identical; Ii) with step I) two half-cells making of injection moulding are accurately staggered relatively, make each post of a half-cell contact with the post of second half-cell or near contacting; Iii) described two half-cells are engaged, make the mode closure of described inner space with watertight, this inner space is as the water tank of splendid attire water to be heated; And iv) transparent panel is installed on the primary surface of described water tank, and opaque plate is installed on another primary surface of described water tank.Preferably, described two half-cells engage by thermal weld.In a preferred implementation of the inventive method, described two half-cells are identical.In one embodiment of the present invention, solar water heater comprises one by welding the plastic cement body that two identical half-cells form, each half-cell forms by injection moulding, described body has upper surface, basal surface and side surface, described upper surface is recessed, lift on the described basal surface, described upper surface seals out top insulation air layer with side surface and described transparent panel, and described basal surface seals out the bottom insulation air layer with side surface and described opaque plate.When refer to the surface following recessed position or on lift the position, its implication is meant the substrate with respect to desirable parallelepiped, above the wall and the wall of bottom be positioned at more central position near the water heater body of parallelepiped, direction perpendicular to base plane is approaching mutually, thus be two-layer insulation air layer and for the sealing insulating space the plate slot milling.Described injection moulding half-cell comprises so architectural feature, and it can be from the inner space of closed tank on the function, be installed to water tank on opaque plate transparent panel and water heater is connected with the annex that needs with pipe.Preferably, described injection moulding half-cell so is shaped, and it can provide maximum mechanical strength with the weight of minimum.
The invention provides a kind of solar water heater and preparation method thereof, wherein, the main structural components of described water heater is the polymer body of a compactness, its with two identical, through the injection heat thermoplastic polymer and previously prepared half-cell by thermal weld or bonding obtaining.
Description of drawings
Below, in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawing, can more clearly understand above-mentioned and its its feature and advantage of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the perspective diagram of the solar water heater of an embodiment of the present invention, and it is adjusted into the position towards the sun;
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of water heater shown in Figure 1 along A-A ' line, wherein, water tumbler sunlight in the water tank heats and circulates, and the arrow that is substantially perpendicular to the heat collector surface is represented sunray, and the arrow of water heater inside has shown the circulation of the water that causes owing to thermal siphon stream;
Fig. 3 is the profile of water heater shown in Figure 1 along A-A ' line, it has schematically shown two plates (5) and (6) of two identical injection moulding plastic parts (1) and (2) and guarantee insulation, wherein, parts (1) and (2) are oppositely arranged, and carry out thermal weld along the plane (3) that is parallel to plate (5) and (6);
Fig. 4 water heater shown in Figure 1 is along the generalized section of A-A ' line, and it has shown at a kind of element that stretches out to water tank inside from two outer surfaces in the structure shown in Figure 3 that is different from;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of solar water heater in an embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises several optional features; And
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of serial solar water heater in an embodiment of the present invention, its objective is the capacity of increase equipment.
The specific embodiment
Common solar water heater comprises the container unit of the storage hot water that separates on heat collector unit and the space, last unit comprises the coil pipe that is arranged on the heat absorption plane, Unit one, back is a cylindrical water tank normally, wherein, these two unit connect by pipeline, water or circulate by convection current (passive type system) in pipeline perhaps circulates by pump (proactive system).Some water heater is integrated into compacter arrangement mode with these two unit, but generally still keeps the characteristic feature of above-mentioned double structure, separates as coil pipe and/or space, and wherein water is heated and stores, and usually comprises complicated spatial division design.The present invention then provides a kind of much simple structure, and it has eliminated the shape difference between heat-collecting part and the memory unit fully, and separate in the space of thoroughly having abandoned between heat collector and water tank; Structural material comprises thermoplastic polymer, and wherein, the main body of water heater is preferably welded together by two identical parts and forms, and each parts is injected into so shape: ensure maximum mechanical strength with the weight of solar water heater minimum.Consider the simple of product and preparation technology thereof, the solar water heater of structure unanimity of the present invention has reached beat all premium properties.
In the present invention one preferred embodiment, solar water heater main structural components of the present invention only is the polymer body of a compactness, its by with two identical half-cells through thermal weld or bonding obtaining, this half-cell by the thermoplastic polymer injection moulding in advance the preparation.Shooting Technique commonly used during described half-cell can be produced in batches by polymeric articles and simply, make cheaply.Described body is essentially the parallelepiped shape of planar rectangular, and its upper surface and basal surface are recessed along approaching mutually direction, to reduce the inner space of water tank.The edge of upper surface and basal surface can be used for installing and these two essentially identical plates of surface configuration: transparent plate is installed to upper surface, and opaque plate then is installed under the basal surface.Described transparent plate can be glass plate or transparent plastic plate, and described opaque plate is a plastic plate.The upper surface of described body has formed the space that can produce greenhouse effects and can reduce the heat loss of irradiating surface with side surface and transparent plate.The basal surface of described body by formation insulation air layer, and has formed the space that can reduce the heat loss of non-irradiating surface with side surface and opaque plate.Side surface can be installed and regulate leg or other the device that described body is positioned at desired location, as on the roof or other elevated structure on the roof on plane, inclined-plane.Described side surface also comprises the hole and the hole that is used to be connected the outlet that takes out hot water of the inlet tube that is used to connect feeding cold water, and last hole should be low as much as possible, and then a hole is then high as much as possible.
In one embodiment, solar water heater of the present invention can have general shape as shown in Figure 1.For example, the plane is held the parallelepiped internal volume and is about 100 liters, and as the water tank that is used to store water to be heated.The main body of water heater can by the latter half (2) of the first half (1) of injection moulding and injection moulding by along the plane (3) carry out thermal weld and obtain, thereby described internal volume (inner space) is sealed.The outer surface of upper wall (17) absorbs the heat from solar radiation, and it is transferred in the hot water.Parallel with described outer surface, (4) locate to install transparent plate (seeing (5) among Fig. 3) at the edge, it is preferably glass plate, and be positioned on the upper wall, and between the sidewall of described upper wall, described plate and described parallelepiped, sealing out a layer of air, this layer of air makes the water insulation in the water tank, and because greenhouse effects, hyaline layer has reduced scattering and disappearing of heat.Diapire is parallel to described upper wall, but it is the part of described the latter half (2), and it has formed the end of described water tank.Be parallel to described diapire, a plastic plate is installed to edge 4 ', this plastic plate is positioned under the described diapire, and between the sidewall of described diapire, described plastic plate and described parallelepiped, seals out a layer of air, and this layer of air makes the water insulation in the water tank.4 and 4 ' locates to be provided with the fixing means on the throne of two plates of above-mentioned insulating effect at the edge.For example, this means can comprise the groove on the side that is formed in sidewall, and its width can insert above-mentioned plate, thereby form the guide rail that above-mentioned plate is slided into desired location.The post (7) that stretches out from upper wall is the part of the first half of described injection moulding, and it can play the effect of supporting transparent plate, and can randomly be fixed, for example by gluing; The similar post that stretches out from diapire then supports plastic plate.Upper wall (17) and comprise that the sidewall at edge (4) is incorporated in the first half (1) of described injection moulding, similarly, diapire and comprise that edge (4 ') sidewall then is incorporated in the latter half (2) of injection moulding.Described upper wall and described sidewall are the parts of the first half of described injection moulding, and reinforcement (8) is the parts (see figure 3) that connects upper wall and sidewall.This reinforcement is perpendicular to plane 17.Arrow 11 has shown the direction that cold water enters water heater by inlet tube, and the sidewall of this inlet tube by described water heater inserts, and preferably, is furnished with the inlet hole on the water heater main body, and the inlet tube of fixedly enclosing with screw.Arrow 12 has shown that hot water leaves the direction of water heater by outlet, and this outlet inserts by the sidewall of described water heater, inserts the same manner preparation of the outlet hole (12') of outlet by above-mentioned inlet tube.As shown in Figure 2, water is in cross section A-A ' plane circulation, hot water rises and cold water decline two causes convection current, this is similar with the thermal siphon stream in the conventional passive type system, but in equipment of the present invention, heat does not transmit between water tank and heat collector, but at transmission between two adjacent planar sections of described parallelepiped (between the layer of contact upper wall and diapire), and its flow and be not included in cylindrical current in the pipe, its flow is the thin layer stream in the space of continuous, the essentially no separation of parallelepiped water tank on the contrary.
A key character of the present invention is, the critical piece of solar water heater is a kind of rectangle polymeric member of compactness, and this member is by two parts, preferred two identical parts are formed by connecting.This parts are made by injection moulding, and comprise the important structure feature that water heater is all, and these features are incorporated in the mould.In one embodiment, injection moulding preparation two slightly different half module spares (half-cell), and connect.Connection can be manipulator section or gluing or thermal weld.One preferred embodiment in, two identical modules are carried out thermal weld.These two identical modules have mirror symmetry, and one of them rotation (around 180 ° on axle, being parallel to outer absorbing barrier) is also staggered relatively in another, thereby seals the space that holds water.With parts heating, the welding that contacts with each other in these two modules.Fig. 3 has shown in an embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement mode of these two modules that contact with each other before welding.The upper modules of injection moulding (1) the preferably bottom module (2) with injection moulding is identical, is shown as additional on plane, thermal weld forward position (3); Space (10) inner, essentially no separation is then sealed out in welding, and it is used to hold water to be heated.The outer surface of upper wall (17) absorbs the heat from solar radiation, and it is transferred in the hot water.Parallel with described outer surface, transparent plate (5), be preferably glass plate and then be installed in edge (4), this plate is positioned on the described upper wall (17), and between the sidewall (24) of described upper wall (17), described plate (5) and described parallelepiped, seals out a layer of air (18).Diapire (17 '), parallel described upper wall, but it is the part of described bottom module (2), and form the end of described water tank.Be parallel to described diapire, one plastic plate (6) is installed to edge 4 ', this plastic plate is positioned under the described diapire (17'), and between the sidewall (24 ') of described diapire (17 '), described plastic plate (6) and described parallelepiped, seal out a layer of air, this layer of air makes the water insulation in the water tank.4 and 4 ' locates to be provided with the fixing means on the throne of two plates of above-mentioned insulating effect at the edge, and this means can be for the fixing mechanical arrangement mode on the throne of these plates, and it can be relevant with edge 4,4' and post 7,7'; This means can be for gluing.The post (7) that stretches out from upper wall is the part of the upper modules of described injection moulding, and it can play the effect of supporting transparent plate, and can randomly be fixed; The similar post that stretches out from diapire then supports plastic plate.Upper wall (17) and comprise that the sidewall (24) of edge (4) is incorporated in the upper modules (1) of described injection moulding, similarly, diapire and comprise that edge (4 ') sidewall (24 ') then is incorporated in the bottom module (2) of injection moulding.Described upper wall and described sidewall are formed in the continuous plastic cement member (1), and its structure is by further reinforcement of reinforcement (8); Similarly, reinforcement (8 ') carries out reinforcement to continuous plastic cement member (2).Post 9 extends to diapire (17 ') from the inner surface of upper wall (17), and post 9 ' then extends to upper wall (17) from the inner surface of diapire (17 ').In the process of thermal weld, post 9 and post 9 ' combine; And along the plane (3), the parts of the sidewall 24 ' of the parts of the side 24 of upper modules (1) and bottom module (2) combine.According to the present invention, post 9,9 ' has carried out reinforcement to the entire body of solar water heater, but the inner space of water heater is not divided, and also the inner space of instant heating hydrophone keeps the state do not separated.For example, the outer wall of plastic cement main body can be the thickness of 5-10mm.The outer surface of upper wall can form ripple or make its roughening, to improve heat absorption before covering described transparent plate.
In one embodiment, solar water heater of the present invention can comprise two half-cells, and it connects together in manufacture process, forms the main body of holding water to be heated, and wherein, these two half-cells are different.In one embodiment of the present invention, the post that extends out from one of these half-cells be public type (convex, male type), the post that extends out from second half unit then is (the matrix of parent form, female type), wherein, with these two half-cells in conjunction with the time, the post of public type is inserted in post parent form, hollow, as shown in Figure 4.The surface of two types post contacts with each other, and can regulate, and stablizes so that connect, and it may also comprise gluing or mechanical means, as makes rough surface, use return hook (return hooks) or the like.
In another embodiment of the present invention, solar water heater can be equipped with various annexes.Fig. 5 is the solar water heater schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.Sidewall and diapire along water tank are provided with insulating materials (22).Transparent plate (5) covers the surface that water tank exposes.Holder (9) (braces) extends internally by upper wall and water tank inside, and the diapire of protruding water tank.In one embodiment, holder is formed by two parts, and it is adaptive mutually, makes when upper modules connects together with the bottom module, it matches public type parts (9a) accordingly and parent form parts (9b) are bonded with each other.In one embodiment, upper modules and bottom module are injection mouldings like this, and the periphery of each main opposing sidewalls (being upper wall and diapire) has the flange (flange) that extends internally.The edge of flange combines, and forms the water tank of hot water.This water heater has inlet (11) at its low side, high-endly then has an outlet (12) at it, so that replenish cold water at its low side during operation, highly flows out hot water at it.In addition, can stretch into an electrical heating elements (27) from the sidewall of water tank, this heating element heater can be connected to control circuit (23), and control circuit is connected to power supply (20).Can be provided with pressure relief valve (21) thereon on wall or the sidewall, so as under predetermined pressure from water tank release pressure.
According to the present invention, several water heaters unit can be connected together, to increase the output quantity of hot water.Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that serial solar water heater is connected as one.Tube connector (24) is used for two water tanks are connected together with (25), to have additional supply of ability.These water heaters can be suitable angle install, for example install on the roof of place of residence.When needing, water to be heated infeeds from inlet (11), and hot water returns from outlet (12).Water is heated by shining upon, and is aided with the convection current in the water tank.In addition, can also use electrical heating elements that water is heated.By means of insulating materials, the heat in the water is preserved.As mentioned above, glass sheet also is captured in heat between glass plate and the water tank surface.If water is too warm, the pressure of accumulative total is too big in water tank, and then pressure relief valve is discharged into predetermined size with pressure.Adopt holder, than not adopting the use of the more convenient water tank of holder under elevated pressures.
Comparatively speaking, solar water heater manufacturing cost of the present invention is lower, the maintenance minimum that needs, and install easily; And water heater of the present invention also uses by modular mode easily, and two or more water tanks can connect together, and increases total capacity.One preferred embodiment in, all parts of water tank all are by the material preparation that can be recycled.Solar water heater is configured to usually and is connected on the network of rivers, and this just must use high-voltage safety and parts that be tightly connected, for example has the water tank of pipe; Water heater of the present invention can be free of attachment on the network of rivers and work.Existing water heater generally includes two critical pieces and many internals, and assembling and install and all to need the professional.Water heater of the present invention comprises a critical piece, and it is attached to water tank and heat collector in the whole main body by the thermoplastic polymer preparation.Water heater of the present invention adopts unique design, and it comprises two members, and each member has mirror symmetry, and is staggered relatively and connect together, and preferably connects by thermal weld.Like this, can adopt the simple process of a shape of injection moulding.Each member can so be shaped, and makes its peripheral sidewall comprise the guide rail of clamping insulation plate (glass sheet or plastic plate), with the heat loss of minimizing hot water, and does not need other part to be increased on the water heater of installation again.Preferably in injection moulding process, make the outer wall roughening or adopt other structure, be absorbed into the ability the water to increase in the space of heat between face glass and parallel plastic cement wall.
Thereby, in the present invention one preferred embodiment, provide so solar water heater, wherein, water tank and heat collector be incorporated into a compactness, in the parallelepiped unit by the preparation of polypropylene or other plastic cement.Face glass is installed to the outer surface towards the sun, and the plastic cement slab then is installed to opposed outer surface, to form the insulation air layer.Two inner surfaces are then equally connected from its extended protrusion by many image-stone bamboo shoot posts, to improve the rigidity of flat casing water-heater unit.For example, the section of these protrusions can be the circle of cylindrical protrusion or tapered projection.One preferred embodiment in, the shape of this section is fit to the production in enormous quantities of injection molding technology, and is suitably for the final body (main body) of farthest strengthening water heater and by thermal weld two parts is connected.A kind of so section can be two vertical ellipses or the formed section shape of rectangle.In one embodiment, the water heater unit has about 1to 2m
2The quality of thermal-arrest surface, about 20-40kg and the internal freedom space that about 80-150 rises.In a specific embodiment, its parameter is 1.4m
2, 25kg and 85 liters.This unit can prepare by two identical half-cells of injection moulding, wherein half-cell is the box shape of opening, it has some stalagmite sample protrusions perpendicular to its inner surface, afterwards, these two identical parts is placed as each other mirror image each other again and carries out thermal weld.Preferably, when the injection moulding half-cell, just be formed for the inlet of pipeline, the hole that is used for screw, operating grip and other shape element.Solar water heater of the present invention can be connected to hydraulic pressure less than on 1.5 atmospheric water sources, and this water source can be the network of rivers or be higher than water heater and the water capacity by gravity water supply.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the groove of water heater body peripheral edge and its substrate can be adjusted to can the housing insulation material, but also is included in grasping in production, transportation and the installation process and lifts the means of product.Before two half-cells are welded together, it is carried out the part that pinpoint means then are processes of the present invention.Being used for the integrally-built post of reinforcement water heater can each interval 5-10cm, and its diameter is 1-4cm, and has suitable section shape.Distance between two parallel planes is 8-12cm.In the thermal weld process, each post and combine with the post from facial plane is stretched out that it is complementary just as stalagmite in the lime stone cave and stalactite combination, forms the stone column between the top of ground and hole.
Use the target location of water heater of the present invention not only to comprise sunbelt area country, also comprise actual needs hot water and do not have country more with high investment, comprise building site, extramural, city, particularly when summer, perhaps sanatorium, for example summer camp etc.Although even water heater of the present invention also can not need special requirement and use at once under the condition in the open air, but then, it also can combine with other means (device), under the prerequisite that is not needing too much investment, assembles various systems and a large amount of hot water is provided.In one embodiment, water heater can be furnished with auxiliary electric heater unit and pressure and temperature adjusting device.A key character of water heater of the present invention is that it can be a modular unit, thereby can be combined as the series of a plurality of unit, so that the hot water of requirement to be provided.The water source of water heater or water heater water that series adds can be the container of water, and wherein, water pumps into or rely on gravity to flow in the water heater from this container.For example water can pump into from well in the rural area.If the pressure of hydraulic pressure in first water heater porch is not more than 1.5 lattice atmospheric pressure, also can use from the water in the conventional network of rivers, existing common water heater then is to be not more than 1 atmospheric pressure.If necessary, can between water source and water heater, use pressure reducer.Water heater of the present invention can add stand-by heat with a certain amount of water with pattern work in batches, and the water of these heating can directly use, and also can use with cold water dilution back.For example, 85 liters of its temperature of heating for example are 80 ° of C, and this water is fit to wash clothes, and with obtaining about 250 liters warm water that is used for shower after 170 liters of cold water dilutions.When water heater was connected on the water source, water heater of the present invention also can be with continuous pattern work.
As mentioned above, even new-type water heaters design still keeps traditional dimorphism shape usually: the cylinder on slab, promptly can not break away from a barrel formula water tank and be connected with this conventional thought of flat-plate collector.The present invention then provides heat collector and water tank has been incorporated into water heater in the single construction unit, and water heater of the present invention do not adopt any separating device (means), will a) absorb water and the b that heat, temperature raise) moisture that use, dissipated heat leaves after the storage.The invention provides a kind of simple, compact structure, low cost of manufacture, and install easily and operate.
The following examples will further be described the present invention.
Embodiment
The employing clamp force is 2800 tons a injection machine, two identical subelements of injection moulding (subunit).These two subelements weld on a specially designed welding machine.The quality of each injection moulding, identical half-cell (half-unit) is 15kg, and the thermal-arrest surface of welding back whole unit is 1.5m
2, quality is that 30kg, internal freedom space are about 120 liters.The thickness of the upper surface of this water heater unit (upper wall), basal surface (diapire) and side surface (sidewall) is 10mm, structure and shown in Figure 3 similar.The main body of injection moulding has threaded entrance and exit on its side walls, diameter is 4cm.In a foursquare network, reinforcing prop (also can be described as strengthen post or reinforcement post) each interval 10cm, reinforcing prop be shaped as two 3cmx1cm, vertical rectangular, each intersects therebetween.After welding, the distance between two parallel outer walls is 10cm, and the insulating spaces that form respectively between these outer walls and two insulation plates are that 3cm is thick separately on both sides; Wherein, an insulation plate is transparent, so that allow sunlight to inject.After injecting water and exposing 9 hours in the sun, measure temperature in entry position and exit position, water temperature reaches 60 ° of C and 80 ° of C respectively, and wherein the inclination angle of water heater is 45 °.
Although the present invention has adopted specific embodiment to be described, can carry out many improvement and change.Therefore, be appreciated that the present invention only is confined to the above-mentioned specific embodiment anything but, but limited by the protection domain of claim.
Claims (15)
1. solar water heater, it comprises the container that can hold the 60-200 premium on currency and has 0.8 to 2m
2The sunshine heat collector on surface, wherein, described container and heat collector are integrated into a main body that is essentially parallelepiped shape, and this main body comprises two interconnective half-cells, and each half-cell is prepared by the thermoplastic polymer injection moulding.
2. solar water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described two half-cells are by thermal weld or bonding the connection.
3. solar water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described two half-cells are identical or different.
4. solar water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the main body that is essentially flat parallelepiped shape is by the preparation of the half-cell of two plastic cement injection mouldings, it comprises the upper surface and the basal surface of rectangle, wherein, transparent plate is installed on the described upper surface, and opaque plastic laminate film is installed on the described basal surface.
5. solar water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described main body comprises upper surface and the basal surface with identical rectangular shape; Stretch out some posts downwards from described upper surface, protrude upward the identical some posts of shape from described basal surface, the position is relative each other for these two column systems, each post touches another post from opposite walls, the twice height of post has determined the distance between described two surfaces basically, each to relative post by thermal weld or bonding and tight connection.
6. solar water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this water heater does not comprise the separation means that the moisture used after the water that will absorb sunlight and the storage leaves.
7. solar water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this water heater consists essentially of three structural portion: the main body of a compactness, a transparent plate and an opaque plate; Except that described transparent plate can be made by glass, this water heater was made by plastic cement.
8. solar water heater as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the main body of described compactness has upper surface and basal surface, and it carries out thermal weld or bonding the preparation by half-cell with two identical, injection moulding in advance preparations; Wherein, described transparent plate is installed to described upper surface, and described opaque plate is installed to described basal surface.
9. method for preparing solar water heater, this solar water appliance has the sunshine heat collector of the container that holds water and square surface and described container and heat collector to be incorporated in the main body that is essentially parallelepiped shape; Described method comprises:
I) injection moulding half-cell so, this half-cell is the dull and stereotyped parallelepiped shape of opening, and have a primary surface and a plurality of side surface, wherein, this primary surface and side surface have defined half of described water heater inner space, and the height of the post that stretches out from described primary surface in the inner space and the height of described side surface are basic identical;
Ii) with step I) two half-cells making of injection moulding are accurately staggered relatively, make each post of a half-cell contact with the post of second half-cell;
Iii) described two half-cells are engaged, make the mode closure of described inner space with watertight, this inner space is as the water tank that holds water to be heated; And
Iv) transparent panel is installed on the primary surface of described water tank, and opaque plate is installed on another primary surface of described water tank.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described two half-cells are by thermal weld or bonding the connection.
11. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described two half-cells are identical.
12. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described water heater comprises that each half-cell is the injection moulding preparation by welding the main body of the plastic cement that two identical half-cells form; Described main body has upper surface, basal surface and side surface, described upper surface is recessed, lift on the described basal surface, described upper surface seals out top insulation air layer with side surface and described transparent panel, and described basal surface seals out the bottom insulation air layer with side surface and described opaque plate.
13. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described half-cell comprises so architectural feature, and it can be from the inner space of closed tank on the function, be installed to water tank on opaque plate transparent panel and water heater is connected with the annex that needs with pipe.
14. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described half-cell is so to be shaped, and it can provide maximum mechanical strength with the weight of minimum.
15. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the main structural components of described water heater is the polymer body of a compactness, and this main body is by carrying out two half-cells identical, that prepared by the injection heat thermoplastic polymer in advance thermal weld or bonding obtaining.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA2009/09233 | 2009-12-24 | ||
| ZA200909233 | 2009-12-24 | ||
| PCT/IL2010/001083 WO2011077440A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2010-12-23 | Solar water heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103229002A true CN103229002A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
Family
ID=44195031
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010800592269A Pending CN103229002A (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2010-12-23 | Solar water heater |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120279493A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2516939A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103229002A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010334294A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112012015512A2 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL220488A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2012007351A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011077440A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201200196B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108291741A (en) * | 2015-10-06 | 2018-07-17 | Trac集团控股有限公司 | Solar thermal collector |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MX2014003965A (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2015-05-11 | Lrm Ind Int Inc | Solar heat exchange panel. |
| US8977117B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-03-10 | David Kreutzman | Renewable energy hot water heating elements |
| US9453658B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-09-27 | David Kreutzman | Micro-grid PV system |
| US9002185B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-04-07 | David Kreutzman | PV water heating system |
| US8909033B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2014-12-09 | David Kreutzman | Control systems for renewable hot water heating systems |
| US10571135B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2020-02-25 | David Kreutzman | Renewable energy hot water heater with heat pump |
| US9490659B1 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-11-08 | Edwin A. English | Portable photovoltaic electric power system with extendable cords |
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- 2010-12-23 WO PCT/IL2010/001083 patent/WO2011077440A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2010-12-23 MX MX2012007351A patent/MX2012007351A/en unknown
- 2010-12-23 US US13/517,221 patent/US20120279493A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-12-23 BR BR112012015512A patent/BR112012015512A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-12-23 EP EP10838826.5A patent/EP2516939A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-12-23 CN CN2010800592269A patent/CN103229002A/en active Pending
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| US7083755B2 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2006-08-01 | Solartherm International Pty Ltd. | Method of manufacturing a solar collector panel |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120279493A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| BR112012015512A2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
| IL220488A0 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
| MX2012007351A (en) | 2012-07-23 |
| EP2516939A4 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
| WO2011077440A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| IL220488A (en) | 2015-10-29 |
| EP2516939A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
| ZA201200196B (en) | 2013-01-30 |
| AU2010334294A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
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Application publication date: 20130731 |