CN103226276A - Electrophoretic particle, method for producing electrophoretic particle, electrophoretic dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic device, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Electrophoretic particle, method for producing electrophoretic particle, electrophoretic dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic device, and electronic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103226276A
CN103226276A CN2013100271494A CN201310027149A CN103226276A CN 103226276 A CN103226276 A CN 103226276A CN 2013100271494 A CN2013100271494 A CN 2013100271494A CN 201310027149 A CN201310027149 A CN 201310027149A CN 103226276 A CN103226276 A CN 103226276A
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electrophoresis particle
electrophoresis
particle
electrophoretic
master batch
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山本均
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Seiko Epson Corp
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Seiko Epson Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
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    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/006—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C3/04 - C09C3/12
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/0081—Electric or magnetic properties
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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    • C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
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    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/02—Compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium
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    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/04—Compounds of zinc
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    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
    • C09C1/30—Silicic acid
    • C09C1/3072—Treatment with macro-molecular organic compounds
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    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
    • C09C1/30—Silicic acid
    • C09C1/3081—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
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    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
    • C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
    • C09C1/3676—Treatment with macro-molecular organic compounds
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    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
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    • C09C1/3684—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
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    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
    • C09C1/3692—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C1/3615 - C09C1/3684
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    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/10—Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds
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    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/12—Treatment with organosilicon compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type

Abstract

An electrophoretic particle includes a core particle and a coating layer covering at least one portion of the core particle. The coating layer contains a polymer and a silane coupling agent containing a nonionic charged group attached to the surface of the core particle. The polymer contains a silane coupling agent containing a polymerizable group attached to the surface of the core particle and a polymerization site formed by polymerizing a monomer using the polymerizable group as a starting point.

Description

The manufacture method of electrophoresis particle, electrophoresis particle, electrophoresis dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic apparatus and electronic equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to manufacture method, electrophoresis dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic apparatus and the electronic equipment of electrophoresis particle, electrophoresis particle.
Background technology
Usually, when making electric field action to the fine-grained dispersed system of dispersion in liquid, particulate can move (swimming) by the Coulomb force in liquid, and this is that people know.This phenomenon is called " electrophoresis ", utilizes this electrophoresis to show that the electrophoretic display apparatus of desired information (image) receives publicity as new display device in recent years.
This electrophoretic display apparatus has features such as following: have stopping to apply the demonstration Memorability under the state of voltage, big field angle, can carry out high-resolution demonstration with low power consumption.
In addition, electrophoretic display apparatus owing to be non-light emitting-type device, so compare with the luminescence type display spare of Brown tube and so on, has the feature useful to eyes.
Known in this electrophoretic display apparatus, to have the dispersion liquid that electrophoresis particle is dispersed in form in the solvent as the electrophoresis dispersion that is configured between a pair of substrate with electrode.
In the electrophoresis dispersion of this structure, use positively charged and electrophoresis particle electronegative property as electrophoresis particle, so, just can demonstrate desired information (image) (reference example is as, patent documentation 1 by between a pair of substrate (electrode), applying voltage.)。
The electrophoresis particle of the positively charged is here for example made in the following manner.
That is, at first, by using pH〉7 metal is that oxide carries out coating to the surface and handles, and prepared to form the substrate particle of coating.Then, grafting is implemented on the surface of substrate particle handled, the electrophoresis particle of high molecular positively charged that produced its surface combination by making in all sorts of ways.
In addition, the electrophoresis particle of electronegative property can be made in the following manner: the metal that uses pH＜7 in the manufacture method of the electrophoresis particle of positively charged is that oxide replaces pH〉7 metal is oxide, obtained forming the substrate particle of coating, thereby made.
But no matter the electrophoresis particle that uses this method to obtain is any of positively charged and electronegative property, all has its carried charge to depend on the high molecular tendency in conjunction with density and its molecular weight etc. of its surface combination.
That is to say following tendency: when uprising in conjunction with density, the charged rate of electrophoresis particle reduces, and is relative therewith high molecular, and during in conjunction with the density step-down, the charged rate of electrophoresis particle uprises high molecular.
Therefore, consider electrophoresis particle in electrophoresis dispersion dispersiveness and improve high molecular during in conjunction with density, have following problem: the charged rate step-down of electrophoresis particle, the movability of electrophoresis particle in electrophoresis dispersion reduces when applying voltage between pair of electrodes.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2007-192945 communique
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is, be provided at can bring into play in the electrophoresis dispersion excellent dispersiveness and movability the two electrophoresis particle, can make the electrophoresis particle manufacture method of the electrophoresis particle that can bring into play this function, high electrophoresis dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic apparatus and the electronic equipment of reliability that uses this electrophoresis particle to form.
Such purpose realizes by following the present invention.
Electrophoresis particle of the present invention is characterized in that, the coating that contains at least a portion of master batch and the described master batch of covering, described coating contain polymkeric substance and with the silane coupling agent of the band nonionic charged group of the surface combination of described master batch, described polymkeric substance has: the formed joint portion of silane coupling agent of band polymerizable group and be the converging portion that starting point is polymerized with described polymerizable group by monomer, wherein, described joint portion is with the surface combination of described master batch.
By like this, can be formed in the two electrophoresis particle of excellent dispersiveness of performance in the electrophoresis dispersion and movability.
In the electrophoresis particle of the present invention, the described coating preferably weight occupation rate in this electrophoresis particle is more than the 3 weight %, below the 30 weight %.
By like this, can bring into play electrophoresis particle more effectively and have the effect that coating brings, so electrophoresis particle can bring into play more effectively in the electrophoresis dispersion excellent dispersiveness and movability the two.
In the electrophoresis particle of the present invention, described monomer preferably shows hydrophobicity.
By like this, can improve the dispersiveness of electrophoresis particle in dispersion medium.
In the electrophoresis particle of the present invention, described monomer preferably has alkyl as side chain.
By like this, can make monomer show hydrophobicity effectively.
In the electrophoresis particle of the present invention, described alkyl preferably is the straight chain shape.
By like this, coating shows excellent hydrophobicity, so can further improve the dispersiveness of electrophoresis particle in dispersion medium.
In the electrophoresis particle of the present invention, described monomer is preferably represented with following general formula (1).
Figure BDA00002772431400031
(in the general formula (1), n represents the integer more than 1.)
By like this, coating shows excellent hydrophobicity, so can further improve the dispersiveness of electrophoresis particle in dispersion medium.
In the electrophoresis particle of the present invention, preferred described nonionic charged group positively charged.
By like this, can in electrophoresis dispersion, have excellent movability.
In the electrophoresis particle of the present invention, preferred described nonionic charged group is electronegative.
By like this, can in electrophoresis dispersion, have excellent movability.
The manufacture method of electrophoresis particle of the present invention is characterized in that, described electrophoresis particle contains master batch and covers the coating of at least a portion of described master batch, and described manufacture method comprises following the 1st operation and the 2nd operation,
The 1st operation: prepare described master batch, make the silane coupling agent of band polymerizable group and band nonionic charged group silane coupling agent, with the surface combination of this master batch;
The 2nd operation: make monomer come polymerization to form converging portion, obtain polymkeric substance as starting point, thereby on the surface of described master batch, form coating with described polymerizable group.
By like this, can produce and in electrophoresis dispersion, can bring into play the two electrophoresis particle of excellent dispersiveness and movability.
Electrophoresis dispersion of the present invention is characterized in that, contains the electrophoresis particle that electrophoresis particle of the present invention or the manufacture method by electrophoresis particle of the present invention produce.
By like this, can form to have and to bring into play the two the electrophoresis dispersion of electrophoresis particle of excellent dispersiveness and movability.
Electrophoretic sheet of the present invention is characterized in that, comprise substrate and be configured in described substrate the top, separately all in the bag electrophoresis dispersion of the present invention a plurality of structures.
By like this, can obtain the high electrophoretic sheet of reliability.
Electrophoretic apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that, has electrophoretic sheet of the present invention.
By like this, can obtain the high electrophoretic apparatus of reliability.
Electronic equipment of the present invention is characterized in that, has electrophoretic apparatus of the present invention.
By like this, can obtain the high electronic equipment of reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section that shows the 1st embodiment of electrophoresis particle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that is used to illustrate the manufacture method of electrophoresis particle shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section that shows the 2nd embodiment of electrophoresis particle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section that schematically shows the embodiment of electrophoretic display apparatus.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that shows the principle of work of electrophoretic display apparatus shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 6 is the stereographic map that shows the embodiment when electronic equipment of the present invention is used for Electronic Paper.
Fig. 7 is the figure that shows the embodiment when electronic equipment of the present invention is used for display.
Embodiment
Come manufacture method, electrophoresis dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic apparatus and the electronic equipment of electrophoresis particle of the present invention, electrophoresis particle are specifically described based on preferred implementation shown in the drawings below.
＜electrophoresis particle 〉
＜＜the 1 embodiment〉〉
At first the 1st embodiment to electrophoresis particle of the present invention is illustrated.
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section that shows the 1st embodiment of electrophoresis particle of the present invention.
Electrophoresis particle 1 has master batch 2 and is arranged on the lip-deep coating 3 of master batch 2, and the electrophoresis particle (positive electricity electrophoresis particle) of positively charged has been shown in the present embodiment.
Master batch 2 is fit to use at least a kind in for example pigment particles, resin particle and their composite particle.These particles are easy to manufacture.
As the pigment that constitutes pigment particles, for example can list, nigrosine, carbon black, the black black pigment that waits of titanium, titania, antimony trioxide, barium sulphate, zinc sulphide, the flowers of zinc, Chinese whites such as silicon dioxide, monoazo, bisdiazo, azo pigments such as polyazo, isoindolinone, chrome yellow, iron oxide yellow, cadmium yellow, titan yellow, yellow uitramarines such as antimony, quinacridone is red, red pigments such as molybdate red, phthalocyanine blue, indanthrene blue, Prussian blue, ultramarine, blue pigments such as cobalt blue, viridine greens such as phthalocyanine green etc. can use a kind in them, or will be used in combination more than 2 kinds.
In addition, the resin material as constituting resin particle for example can list, acrylic resin, polyurethane series resin, urea be that resin, epoxy are resin, polystyrene, polyester etc., can use a kind in them or will be used in combination more than 2 kinds.
In addition, as composite particle, for example can list, by carried out particle that particle that coating handles, the particle by having carried out the coating processing with the surface of pigment covering resin particle, the potpourri that mixed with suitable ratio of components by pigment and resin material constitute etc. with the surface of resin material coverage pigment particle.
Moreover, by selecting kind aptly, the color settings of electrophoresis particle 1 can be become desirable color as pigment particles, resin particle and the composite particle of master batch 2 uses.
Master batch 2 its surperficial at least a portion (almost being whole in illustrated structure) are covered by coating 3.
Among the present invention, coating 3 is following structure: contain polymkeric substance 33 and with the silane coupling agent 34 of the band nonionic charged group X of the surface combination of master batch 2, and then polymkeric substance 33 has: with the silane coupling agent 31 formed joint portions of the band polymerizable group of the surface combination of master batch 2 and the converging portion 32 that is polymerized as starting point with this polymerizable group by monomer.
By taking such structure, electrophoresis particle 1 in electrophoresis dispersion described later, have excellent dispersiveness and movability the two.
Polymkeric substance 33 as mentioned above, has and the silane coupling agent 31 formed joint portions of the band polymerizable group of the surface combination of master batch 2 and the converging portion 32 that is polymerized as starting point with this polymerizable group by monomer.
Converging portion 32 has the function that improves the dispersiveness of electrophoresis particle 1 in the aftermentioned dispersion medium by showing that hydrophobic monomer polymerization forms.
Monomer is that demonstration is hydrophobic, and it can have arbitrary structures, preferably has the monomer of hydrophobicity base at its side chain.By like this, can make monomer show hydrophobicity effectively.
In addition, as the hydrophobicity base, there is not particular determination, can list group that alkyl, aryl or they combine etc., wherein preferred alkyl, and then preferred carbon number is the alkyl more than 6, below 24, and more preferably carbon number is the alkyl more than 8, below 18.By like this, coating 3 can show excellent hydrophobicity, so can further improve the dispersiveness of electrophoresis particle 1 in dispersion medium.
In addition, alkyl though can be the branched alkyl that is a chain, preferably be the straight chained alkyl of straight chain shape.By like this, can be reduced in produce between the adjacent hydrophobicity base sterically hindered, so, also can further improve the dispersiveness of electrophoresis particle 1 in dispersion medium by this respect.
In addition; as the polyradical that monomer had; for example can list; the group that contains carbon-carbon double bond of vinyl, styryl, (methyl) acryloyl group and so on; and group of ring-opening reaction etc. can take place in norborny, epoxy radicals, oxa-cyclobutyl etc.; but at polymerization activity than aspect such as higher, that price comparison is cheap, the preferred monomer that contains styryl, (methyl) acryloyl group that uses.
Concrete example as above such monomer for example can list, the monomer shown in the following general formula (1).
(in the formula, n represents the integer more than 1.)
In addition, owing to form converging portion 32, so quantity that can be by setting the structural unit that is produced by this monomer hydrophobic degree set that converging portion 32 is shown is in desirable degree by above-mentioned monomer polymerization.Specifically, the quantity of described structural unit is preferably more than 300, more preferably more than 600.By like this, converging portion 32 and then electrophoresis particle 1 can both be brought into play excellent hydrophobicity.
The silane coupling agent 31 formed joint portions of band polymerizable group with the surface combination of master batch 2, combine with the converging portion 32 that is starting point with this polymerizable group, is polymerized simultaneously.
That is to say the silane coupling agent 31 formed joint portions of band polymerizable group, the effect of the connecting portion that performance couples together master batch 2 and converging portion 32.
Polymerizable group as silane coupling agent 31 is had for example can list, the group that contains carbon-carbon double bond of vinyl, styryl, (methyl) acryloyl group and so on etc.
Therefore, as having the silane coupling agent 31 of vinyl, specifically can list vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxysilane etc. as polymerizable group.
In addition,, can list, to styryl trimethoxy silane etc. as having the silane coupling agent 31 of styryl as polymerizable group.
And then; as having the silane coupling agent 31 of (methyl) acryloyl group as polymerizable group; can list 3-methacryloxypropyl methyl dimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, 3-methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane, 3-acryloxy propyl trimethoxy silicane etc.
In addition, be used to form the silane coupling agent 31 of the band polymerizable group of joint portion, except having polymerizable group, can also have the nonionic charged group X of positively charged.By like this, can make polymkeric substance 33 have function concurrently as the silane coupling agent 34 of band nonionic charged group X described later.
As this silane coupling agent 31 that has polymerizable group and nonionic charged group X concurrently; for example can list; N-(3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxywerene werene; N-(triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) carbamic acid (methacryloxyethyl) ester; the silane coupling agent with amino and (methyl) acryloyl group of N-(3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxywerene werene and so on; the silane coupling agent with amino and styryl of 3-(N-styryl methyl-2-aminoethylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane and so on; N-allyl-azepine-2, the silane coupling agent with amino and vinyl of 2-dimethoxy silane cyclopentane and so on etc.
Silane coupling agent 34 has the nonionic charged group X of positively charged in the present embodiment, silane coupling agent 34 be used for by with the surface combination of master batch 2, and make electrophoresis particle 1 positively charged.By in coating 3, containing such silane coupling agent 34, can make electrophoresis particle 1 in electrophoresis dispersion described later, have excellent movability.
The nonionic charged group X of the positively charged that is had as silane coupling agent 34 for example can list, amino and hydroxyl etc.
Therefore, as having the silane coupling agent 34 of amino as the nonionic charged group X of positively charged, specifically can list, the 3-aminopropyltriethoxywerene werene, the 3-TSL 8330, the aminophenyl trimethoxy silane, 3-aminopropyl three (methoxy ethoxy ethoxy) silane, 3-aminopropyl diisopropyl Ethoxysilane, N-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxywerene werene, N-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-aminopropyl methyldiethoxysilane, the normal-butyl TSL 8330, N-phenyl amino propyl trimethoxy silicane, (N, N-diethyl-3-aminopropyl) trimethoxy silane, N, N-didecyl-N-methyl-N-(3-trimethoxy-silylpropyl) ammonium chloride, two (triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine and N-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide)-4,5-glyoxalidine etc.
In addition, as having the silane coupling agent 34 of hydroxyl, for example can list as the nonionic charged group X of positively charged, two (2-hydroxyethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxywerene werene, N-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) glucamide etc.
The coating 3 that contains above polymkeric substance 33 and silane coupling agent 34, preferably the weight occupation rate in electrophoresis particle 1 is more than the 3 weight %, below the 30 weight %, more preferably 5 weight % above, below the 20 weight %, and then be preferably 7 weight % above, below the 15 weight %.By like this, can bring into play more effectively by electrophoresis particle 1 and have coating 3 and the effect brought, so electrophoresis particle 1 in the aftermentioned electrophoresis dispersion, can bring into play more effectively excellent dispersiveness and movability the two.
Above electrophoresis particle 1 can be made by for example following mode.
Manufacture method to electrophoresis particle 1 is illustrated below.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that is used to illustrate the manufacture method of electrophoresis particle shown in Figure 1.
The manufacture method of electrophoresis particle 1 comprises the 1st operation and the 2nd operation, described the 1st operation is: prepare master batch 2, make silane coupling agent 31 and the silane coupling agent 34 of band nonionic charged group X and the surface combination of master batch 2 of band polymerizable group, described the 2nd operation is: make monomer form converging portion 32 with described polymerizable group as the starting point polymerization, obtain polymkeric substance 33, thereby on the surface of master batch 2, form coating 3.
Below each operation is elaborated.
［ 1 ］ at first, prepare master batch 2, shown in Fig. 2 (a), make silane coupling agent 31 and the silane coupling agent 34 of band nonionic charged group X and the surface combination (the 1st operation) of this master batch 2 of band polymerizable group.
This operation for example can contain the solution of the silane coupling agent 31 of being with polymerizable group and the silane coupling agent 34 of being with nonionic charged group X by preparation, and this solution is contacted with the surface of master batch 2, thereby carry out.
Moreover, the method that contacts as the surface that makes solution with master batch 2, for example can list, I: master batch 2 is immersed in method (infusion process) in the solution, II: the method for coating solution (rubbing method) on the surface of master batch 2, III: supply with the method (spray-on process) of described solution etc. to the surface of master batch 2 with the spray shape.
In addition, as the solvent that is used to prepare above-mentioned solution, except tetrahydrofuran, methylene chloride, for example can also list, water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, ether, methylene chloride, NMP (N-N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N-) etc., can use a kind in them, or will be used in combination more than 2 kinds.
In addition, when adopting infusion process, also can shine the ultrasound wave of certain hour as required to above-mentioned solution.By like this, the dispersiveness of master batch 2 in solution improves, thus can be on the surface of master batch 2 with the silane coupling agent 31 of high density combined belt polymerizable group more and, the silane coupling agent 34 of band nonionic charged group X.
Moreover the mixing ratio of the silane coupling agent 34 of the silane coupling agent 31 of the band polymerizable group in the solution and band nonionic charged group X is set according to the positively charged amount of wanting to give to electrophoresis particle 1.That is to say, can recently control the positively charged amount that electrophoresis particle 1 is given by the mixing of setting silane coupling agent 31,34.
In addition, the amount of the silane coupling agent of combination on the surface of master batch 2 is usually with following formula (2) expression, so will set the concentration of the silane coupling agent 31,34 in the solution in the mode that satisfies this relation.
(13 * 10 -20) * (6.02 * 10 23The molecular weight of)/(silane coupling agent) ［ mm 2/ g ］
…(2)
［ 2 ］ next, shown in Fig. 2 (b), the polymerizable group that is had with silane coupling agent 31 makes monomer polymerization form converging portion 32, thereby obtains polymkeric substance 33 (the 2nd operation) as starting point.
Converging portion 32, can by make monomer with polymerizable group as basic point, come polymerization by for example living polymerization, thereby the synthetic condensate that produces by monomer.
This living polymerization can mode be carried out by making the solution that contains monomer and catalyzer, contact with surface in conjunction with the master batch 2 of the silane coupling agent 31 of last band polymerizable group etc.
As catalyzer, can use in the growth course of converging portion 32, the growth end can be become the catalyzer of polymerizable group, or the lower catalyzer of lewis acidity degree.As this catalyzer, for example can list, the halides of transition metal such as Cu, Fe, Au, Ag, Hg, Pd, Pt, Co, Mn, Ru, Mo and Nb, CuPc etc. are with the organic group transient metal complex that coordination forms as part etc., wherein preferably with the halides of the transition metal catalyzer as major component.
In addition, as the solvent that is used to prepare above-mentioned solution, for example can list, the halogenated aromatic hydro carbons of ethers, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene and so on such as hydro carbons such as alcohols, hexane, octane, benzene, toluene and dimethylbenzene of water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, butanols and so on, ether, tetrahydrofuran etc.They can use separately or as mixed solvent.
On making this solution and being connected surface when contact of master batch 2 of silane coupling agent 31 of band polymerizable group, will polymerization reaction take place between the polyradical that polymerizable group and monomer had.In addition, in the growth course of converging portion 32, the growth end always becomes polymerizable group, between the polyradical of this polymerizable group and monomer and then polymerization reaction take place, thus generation polymkeric substance 33.
In the living polymerization here, in polymeric growth course, owing to always have polymerization activity, so if consumed at monomer, polyreaction adds monomer after stopping again, then polyreaction can further be carried out at the growth end.
Therefore, amount of monomer, reaction time, the catalytic amount of supply response system are regulated the quantity that the result just can control very accurately that the polymkeric substance 33 that synthesized has from the structural unit of monomer according to the desirable degree of polymerization.
In addition, owing to can access the neat polymkeric substance of distribution of polymerization degree 33, so can make the Film Thickness Ratio of coating 3 of formation more even.
For these reasons, can under the situation that suppresses the irregular change between each electrophoresis particle, have desirable hydrophobic polymkeric substance 33 with easy operation formation.Result, electrophoresis particle 1 have excellent dispersiveness in the aftermentioned electrophoresis dispersion.
In addition, described solution (reactant liquor) preferably before polyreaction begins, carries out the deoxidation gas disposal in advance.As the deoxidation gas disposal, for example can list, behind vacuum suction etc. inert gases such as usefulness argon gas, nitrogen replace, purge etc.
In addition, when polyreaction, be heated to the temperature (temperature that monomer and catalyzer can activate) of defined by temperature with above-mentioned solution, can be more rapidly and carry out the polyreaction of monomer reliably.
The temperature of this heating can be according to the kind of catalyzer etc. and different, thus there is not particular determination, but be preferably 30 ~ 100 ℃ of degree.In addition, the time of heating (reaction time), during in above-mentioned scope, be preferably 10 ~ 20 hours degree in the temperature of heating.
In the above described manner like that, make master batch 2 by coating 3 covered electrophoresis particles 1.
This electrophoresis particle 1, the effect of the polymkeric substance 33 that is had by coating 3 has excellent hydrophobicity, so have excellent dispersiveness in the aftermentioned electrophoresis dispersion.And then, the effect of the silane coupling agent 34 that is had by coating 3, and have the nonionic charged group X of positively charged, so in the aftermentioned electrophoresis dispersion, have excellent movability.
＜＜the 2 embodiment〉〉
Next, the 2nd embodiment to electrophoresis particle of the present invention is illustrated.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section that shows the 2nd embodiment of electrophoresis particle of the present invention.
Below the 2nd embodiment is illustrated, but described as the center, same item is then omitted its explanation with distinctive points with described the 1st embodiment.
In the 2nd embodiment, the structure difference of silane coupling agent 34 is in addition, identical with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment.
That is to say that silane coupling agent 34 has the nonionic charged group X that electronegative nonionic charged group Y replaces positively charged.
By like this, electrophoresis particle 1 has shown electronegative electrophoresis particle (negative electricity electrophoresis particle) in the present embodiment.
Electronegative nonionic charged group Y as silane coupling agent 34 is had for example can list, sulfonyl, halogen radical and isocyanate group etc.
Therefore, as having the silane coupling agent 34 of sulfonyl, specifically can list 3-(trihydroxy silicyl)-1-propane sulfonic acid, 2-(4-chlorosulfonyl phenyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane etc. as electronegative nonionic charged group Y.
In addition, as having the silane coupling agent 34 of halogen radical as electronegative nonionic charged group Y, for example can list ((chloromethyl) phenylethyl) trimethoxy silane, 3-chloropropyl triethoxysilane, 7-bromine heptyl trimethoxy silane, 2 bromo 2 methyl propionic acid (trimethoxy-silylpropyl) ester etc.
And then, as having the silane coupling agent 34 of isocyanate group, for example can list, 3-isocyanate group propyl-triethoxysilicane, three (3-trimethoxy-silylpropyl) isocyanuric acid ester, (3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) tert-butyl group carbamate etc. as electronegative nonionic charged group Y.
The electrophoresis particle 1 of such present embodiment, same with the electrophoresis particle 1 of aforementioned the 1st embodiment, the effect of the polymkeric substance 33 that is had by coating 3 has excellent hydrophobicity, so have excellent dispersiveness in the aftermentioned electrophoresis dispersion.And then the effect of the silane coupling agent 34 that is had by coating 3 has electronegative nonionic charged group Y, so have excellent movability in the aftermentioned electrophoresis dispersion.
＜electrophoresis dispersion 〉
Next electrophoresis dispersion of the present invention is illustrated.
Electrophoresis dispersion disperses (suspension) to form in dispersion medium (liquid phase dispersion medium) at least a kind of electrophoresis particle (electrophoresis particle of the present invention).
Here, usually for improve electrophoresis particle in electrophoresis dispersion dispersiveness and in electrophoresis dispersion, added spreading agent, surfactant etc.
When adding this spreading agent and surfactant, result from the variation of the amount of moisture that contains in the temperature, electrophoresis dispersion of electrophoresis dispersion etc., the problem that exists the various characteristics of the electrophoretic characteristic of electrophoresis particle, the dispersiveness of electrophoresis particle and the electrophoresis particles such as retention performance that electrophoresis particle shows to change.
Relative therewith, among the present invention, as the electrophoresis particle 1 that contains in the electrophoresis dispersion, used the electrophoresis particle that contains master batch 2 and be arranged on the lip-deep coating 3 of master batch 2, described coating 3 contain polymkeric substance 33 and with the silane coupling agent 34 of the band nonionic charged group of the surface combination of master batch 2, described polymkeric substance 33 has: joint portion that forms with the silane coupling agent 31 of the band polymerizable group of the surface combination of master batch 2 and the converging portion 32 that is polymerized as starting point with described polymerizable group by monomer.
Because the electrophoresis particle of this structure has excellent hydrophobicity, so can under the situation of the adjuvant (organic polymer) that in electrophoresis dispersion, does not add spreading agent and surfactant and so on, electrophoresis particle is dispersed in the electrophoresis dispersion.And then owing to can omit in electrophoresis dispersion and to add spreading agent and surfactant etc., change so can prevent the various characteristics of the electrophoresis particle that brings out by adding these spreading agents and surfactant effectively.
More than such electrophoresis dispersion, omitted and in electrophoresis dispersion, added adjuvant, specifically, when the organic macromolecule concentration that contains in electrophoresis dispersion was carried out regulation, can make organic macromolecule concentration was 1.0 * 10 -5% is above, 1.0 * 10 -3Below the %.When being in this concentration range, can say so to have omitted in electrophoresis dispersion and add spreading agent and surfactant etc., can prevent conscientiously that the various characteristics of the electrophoresis particle that brings out by containing spreading agent and surfactant etc. from changing.
In addition, the hydrophobic degree of dispersion medium can be represented with the specific inductive capacity of dispersion medium, its specific inductive capacity be preferably 2.5F/m above, below the 10F/m, more preferably 4.0F/m above, below the 7.0F/m.Have the dispersion medium of the specific inductive capacity in this scope, can say so has excellent hydrophobic dispersion medium, and electrophoresis particle 1 is dispersed in the electrophoresis dispersion.
As dispersion medium, preferred use can easily be set in its specific inductive capacity in the above-mentioned scope and have dispersion medium than higher insulativity, specifically for example can list, aliphatic hydrocarbon (whiteruss), ester ring type hydro carbons, aromatic hydrocarbon based, halogenated hydrocarbon, the such non-proton organic solvent of heteroaromatic class, they both can be used as independent solvent and had used, and also can be used as mixed solvent and used.
Moreover the organic macromolecule concentration that contains in the electrophoresis dispersion is preferably 1.0 * 10 -5% is above, 1.0 * 10 -3Below the %, more preferably 1.0 * 10 -5% is above, 1.0 * 10 -4Below the %.By like this, can prevent the variation of electrophoresis particle various characteristics effectively.
In addition, the dispersion of electrophoresis particle in dispersion medium, for example can use, in coating succusion, ball-milling method, medium mill method, ultrasonic dispersing method, dispersed with stirring method etc. more than a kind or 2 kinds.
Electrophoresis particle 1 can be brought into play excellent dispersiveness in this electrophoresis dispersion, simultaneously the excellent movability of effect performance of the silane coupling agent 34 that is had by coating 3.
＜electrophoretic display apparatus 〉
Next, the electrophoretic display apparatus (electrophoretic apparatus of the present invention) that electrophoretic sheet of the present invention was suitable for is illustrated.
Fig. 4 is that longitudinal section, Fig. 5 of schematically showing the embodiment of electrophoretic display apparatus are the synoptic diagram that shows the principle of work of electrophoretic display apparatus shown in Figure 4.Moreover, hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the upside among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is regarded " top ", downside was described as " end ".
Electrophoretic display apparatus 920 shown in Figure 4 has: electrophoresis showed sheet (face of front) 921, circuit substrate (face at the back side) 922, with electrophoresis showed sheet 921 and circuit substrate 922 articulate bond layers 98 with the sealing 97 of the gap airtight sealing between electrophoresis showed sheet 921 and the circuit substrate 922.
Electrophoresis showed sheet (electrophoretic sheet of the present invention) 921 has substrate 912 and display layer 9400, substrate 912 has flat base portion 92 and is arranged on the 2nd electrode 94 on the bottom surface of base portion 92, display layer 9400 is arranged on bottom surface (simultaneously) side of this substrate 912, by constituting with rectangular next door that forms 940 and electrophoresis dispersion 910.
On the other hand, circuit substrate 922 has subtend substrate 911 and circuit (not shown), subtend substrate 911 has flat base portion 91 and is arranged on a plurality of the 1st electrodes 93 on the end face of base portion 91, circuit is arranged on this subtend substrate 911 (base portion 91), comprises for example on-off element of TFT etc.
Structure to each one describes successively below.
Base portion 91 and base portion 92, the material by sheet (tabular) constitutes respectively, has the function that each parts that is configured between them are supported and protected.
Each base portion 91,92 can have flexible respectively, also can be hard, but preferably have flexible.Have flexible base portion 91,92 by use, can obtain having flexible electrophoretic display apparatus 920, promptly for example make up useful electrophoretic display apparatus 920 aspect the Electronic Paper.
In addition, each base portion (substrate layer) 91,92 is had when flexible, preferably they are made of resin material respectively.
The average thickness of this base portion 91,92 waits suitable the setting according to constituent material, purposes respectively, does not have particular determination, but preferably in 20～500 μ m degree, more preferably in 25 ~ 250 μ m degree.
At the face of the next door of these base portions 91,92 940 sides, be the bottom surface of the end face and the base portion 92 of base portion 91, be provided with the 1st electrode 93 and the 2nd electrode 94 of stratiform (membranaceous) respectively.
Apply voltage between the 1st electrode 93 and the 2nd electrode 94, will produce electric field between them, this electric field action is to electrophoresis particle (electrophoresis particle of the present invention) 95.
In the present embodiment, the 2nd electrode 94 is regarded common electrode, and the 1st electrode 93 is regarded the individual electrode (pixel electrode that is connected with on-off element) that is divided into matrix (ranks shape), and the 2nd electrode 94 and 1 the 1st electrode 93 superposed part constitute 1 pixel.
As the constituent material of each electrode 93,94,, just do not have particular determination as long as be respectively to have electric conductivity in fact.
The average thickness of kind electrode 93,94 waits suitable the setting according to constituent material, purposes respectively, does not have particular determination, preferably in 0.05 ~ 10 μ m degree, more preferably in 0.05 ~ 5 μ m degree.
Moreover, base portion that is configured in the display surface side in each base portion 91,92 and each electrode 93,94 and electrode (being base portion 92 and the 2nd electrode 94 in the present embodiment) be set as respectively have light transmission, i.e. transparent in fact (water white transparency, colored transparent or translucent).
In the electrophoresis showed sheet 921, the mode that contacts with the bottom surface with the 2nd electrode 94 is provided with display layer 9400.
These display layer 9400 structures are: electrophoresis dispersion (electrophoresis dispersion of the invention described above) 910 is loaded in a plurality of pixel space 9401 that (inclosure) demarcated by next door 940.
Next door 940 forms can mark off rectangular mode between subtend substrate 911 and substrate 912.
Constituent material as next door 940, for example can list, thermoplastic resin, the epoxy of acrylic resin, polyurethane series resin, ethylene series resin and so on be that resin, melamine are that resin, phenolic aldehyde are various resin materials of thermoset resin of resin and so on etc. etc., can use a kind in them or will be used in combination more than 2 kinds.
Be loaded into the electrophoresis dispersion 910 in the pixel space 9401, in the present embodiment, be to make colored particles 95b and white particles 95a these 2 kinds (at least a kind electrophoresis particles 1) disperse (suspension) in dispersion medium 96, to form, used aforementioned electrophoresis dispersion of the present invention.
In this electrophoretic display apparatus 920, when applying voltage between the 1st electrode 93 and the 2nd electrode 94, comply with the electric field that produces between them, colored particles 95b, white particles 95a (electrophoresis particle 1) carry out electrophoresis towards a certain electrode.
In the present embodiment, positively charged as white particles 95a use, use electronegative as colored particles (black particles) 95b.That is to say that the electrophoresis particle 1 as white particles 95a uses master batch 2 positively chargeds uses master batch 2 electronegative electrophoresis particles 1 as colored particles 95b.
When using such electrophoresis particle 1, when the 1st electrode 93 is made as positive potential, shown in Fig. 5 (A), white particles 95a assembles to the 2nd electrode 94, on the other hand to the 2nd electrode 94 side shiftings, colored particles 95b assembles to the 1st electrode 93 to the 1st electrode 93 side shiftings.Therefore, (display surface side) just can see the color of white particles 95a when seeing electrophoretic display apparatus 920 from the top, that is to say, can see white.
In contrast, when the 1st electrode 93 was made as negative potential, shown in Fig. 5 (B), white particles 95a assembled to the 1st electrode 93 to the 1st electrode 93 side shiftings.On the other hand, colored particles 95b assembles to the 2nd electrode 94 to the 2nd electrode 94 side shiftings.Therefore, from above (display surface side) when seeing electrophoretic display apparatus 920, will see the color of colored particles 95b, that is to say, can see black.
In such structure, the potential difference (PD) that carried charge by setting white particles 95a, colored particles 95b (electrophoresis particle 1) aptly, electrode 93 or 94 polarity, electrode are 93,94 etc. will demonstrate desired information (image) in the display surface side of electrophoretic display apparatus 920 according to the color combination of white particles 95a and colored particles 95b, to the quantity of the particle of electrode 93,94 set etc.
In addition, the proportion of electrophoresis particle 1 preferably set with the proportion of dispersion medium 96 about equally.By like this, even after the voltage of 93,94 at electrode stops to apply, electrophoresis particle 1 also can be detained in certain position in dispersion medium 96 for a long time.That is to say, can keep the information that demonstrates on the electrophoretic display apparatus 920 for a long time.
Moreover the mean grain size of electrophoresis particle 1 is preferably 0.1 ~ 10 μ m degree, more preferably in 0.1 ~ 7.5 μ m degree.Mean grain size by making electrophoresis particle 1 can prevent conscientiously that in above-mentioned scope electrophoresis particle 1 from condensing, preventing the sedimentation in dispersion medium 96 each other, and the result can prevent the display quality deterioration of electrophoretic display apparatus 920 well.
In the present embodiment, electrophoresis showed sheet 921 and circuit substrate 922 are situated between and are engaged by bond layer 98.By like this, can be more fixedly electrophoresis showed sheet 921 and circuit substrate 922.
The average thickness of bond layer 98 does not have particular determination, but preferred 1 ~ 30 μ m degree, more preferably 5 ~ 20 μ m degree.
Between base portion 91 and base portion 92, be provided with sealing 97 along their edge part.By sealing portion 97, each electrode 93,94, display layer 9400 and bond layer 98 are hermetic sealed.By like this, can prevent that moisture from invading in the electrophoretic display apparatus 920, prevents the display performance deterioration of electrophoretic display apparatus 920 more effectively.
As the constituent material of sealing 97, can use with same as the cited material of the constituent material in above-mentioned next door 940.
Moreover, in the present embodiment, as the electrophoresis showed sheet, show display layer 9400 by with the rectangular next door that forms 940 be filled in the next door type that the electrophoresis dispersion 910 in these 940 formed spaces, next door constitutes, but the electrophoresis showed sheet is not limited to this structure, also can be for example, display layer is by the microcapsules of interior bag electrophoresis dispersion 910 and the microcapsule-type that the articulate bonding agent of these microcapsules is constituted.
＜electronic equipment 〉
Next, electronic equipment of the present invention is illustrated.
Electronic equipment of the present invention has aforesaid electrophoretic display apparatus 920.
＜＜Electronic Paper〉〉
Embodiment when at first electronic equipment of the present invention being used for Electronic Paper is illustrated.
Fig. 6 is the stereographic map that shows the embodiment when electronic equipment of the present invention is used for Electronic Paper.
Electronic Paper 600 shown in Figure 6 has main body 601 and display unit 602, but main body 601 constitutes by having with the same texture of paper and the rewrite sheet of flexibility.
In this Electronic Paper 600, display unit 602 is made of aforesaid electrophoretic display apparatus 920.
＜＜display〉〉
Embodiment when next, electronic equipment of the present invention being used for display is illustrated.
Fig. 7 is the figure that shows the embodiment when electronic equipment of the present invention is used for display.Wherein, (a) is that sectional view, (b) are front views among Fig. 7.
Display shown in Figure 7 (display device) 800 has main part 801 and Electronic Paper 600, and Electronic Paper 600 is arranged to and can be freely loaded and unloaded on main part 801.
Main part 801, its sidepiece (right side among Fig. 7 (a)) forms the insertion mouth 805 that can insert Electronic Paper 600, and in addition, inside is provided with two groups of transfer rollers to 802a, 802b.When Electronic Paper 600 Jie were inserted in the main part 801 by insertion mouth 805, Electronic Paper 600 was just to be arranged in the main part 801 by the state of transfer roller to 802a, 802b clamping.
In addition, be formed with the hole portion 803 of rectangle, embedded transparency glass plate 804 in this hole portion 803 in the display surface side of main part 801 (among Fig. 7 (b) be paper in front of side).By like this, can see the Electronic Paper 600 that is arranged on the main part 801 from the outside of main part 801.That is to say, in this display 800, by seeing the Electronic Paper 600 that is arranged in the main part 801 based on transparency glass plate 804, and constitute display surface.
In addition, be provided with portion of terminal 806, be provided with socket 807, be arranged in Electronic Paper 600 that socket 807 is connected with portion of terminal 806 under the state in the main part 801 in the inside of main part 801 at the leading section (being the left side among Fig. 7) of the direction of insertion of Electronic Paper 600.This socket 807 is electrically connected with controller 808 and operating portion 809.
In this display 800, Electronic Paper 600 is arranged in the main part 801 can freely load and unload the ground state, so can use with the state that takes out from main part 801 portablely.
In addition, in this display 800, Electronic Paper 600 is made of aforementioned electrophoretic display apparatus 920.
Moreover, electronic equipment of the present invention is not limited to above product, for example can also list televisor, the type of finding a view, monitor the direct viewing type video tape recorder, automobile navigation instrument, pager, electronic notebook, pocket electronic calculator, electronic newspaper, word processor, PC, workstation, videophone, POS terminal, have the device of touch panel etc., can both use electrophoretic display apparatus 920 at the display part of these various electronic equipments.
Be illustrated based on manufacture method, electrophoresis dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic apparatus and the electronic equipment of illustrated embodiment above electrophoresis particle of the present invention, electrophoresis particle, but the present invention is not limited by them, and the structure of each one can replace to any configuration with said function.In addition, also can make other structure arbitrarily of affix of the present invention.
In addition, the manufacture method of electrophoresis particle of the present invention also can be appended and be carried out more than a kind or 2 kinds target operation arbitrarily.
Description of reference numerals
1 ...... electrophoretic particles 2 ...... masterbatch 3 ...... coating layer 31 ...... with a polymerizable silane coupling agent (connecting portion) 32 ...... polymerization unit 33 ...... polymer 34 ...... with a non-ionic charged groups of the silane coupling agent 91 ...... base 92 ...... base 93 ...... 94 ...... first electrode a second electrode 95 ...... electrophoretic particles 95a ...... white particles 95b ...... colored particles (black particles) 96 ...... dispersion medium ...... sealing portion 97 98 ...... ...... adhesive electrophoretic dispersion liquid layer 910 911 ...... on the substrate 912 ...... substrate 920 ...... electrophoretic display device 921 ...... electrophoretic display sheet 922 ...... circuit board 940 ...... next 9400 ...... display layer 9401 ...... pixel space 600 ...... electronic paper 601 ...... body 602 ...... display unit 800 ...... monitor 801 ...... body 802a, 802b ...... transfer roller pair 803 ...... hole 804 ...... transparent glass 805 ...... insertion port 806 ...... 807 ...... socket terminals 808 ...... controller operation section 809 ......

Claims (13)

1. an electrophoresis particle is characterized in that, contains the coating of at least a portion of master batch and the described master batch of covering,
Described coating contain polymkeric substance and with the silane coupling agent of the band nonionic charged group of the surface combination of described master batch,
Described polymkeric substance has:
With the formed joint portion of silane coupling agent of the band polymerizable group of the surface combination of described master batch and
Is the converging portion that starting point is polymerized by monomer with described polymerizable group.
2. electrophoresis particle as claimed in claim 1, the described coating weight occupation rate in this electrophoresis particle is more than the 3 weight %, below the 30 weight %.
3. electrophoresis particle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, described monomer shows hydrophobicity.
4. electrophoresis particle as claimed in claim 3, described monomer has alkyl as side chain.
5. electrophoresis particle as claimed in claim 4, described alkyl is the straight chain shape.
6. electrophoresis particle as claimed in claim 5, described monomer be with following general formula (1) expression,
Figure FDA00002772431300011
In the general formula (1), n represents the integer more than 1.
7. as each described electrophoresis particle of claim 1 ~ 6, described nonionic charged group positively charged.
8. as each described electrophoresis particle of claim 1 ~ 6, described nonionic charged group is electronegative.
9. the manufacture method of an electrophoresis particle is characterized in that, described electrophoresis particle contains master batch and covers the coating of at least a portion of described master batch, and described manufacture method comprises following the 1st operation and the 2nd operation,
The 1st operation: prepare described master batch, make the silane coupling agent of band polymerizable group and band nonionic charged group silane coupling agent, with the surface combination of this master batch;
The 2nd operation: make monomer come polymerization to form converging portion, obtain polymkeric substance as starting point, thereby on the surface of described master batch, form coating with described polymerizable group.
10. an electrophoresis dispersion is characterized in that, contains electrophoresis particle, and each described electrophoresis particle that described electrophoresis particle is a claim 1 ~ 8 or the manufacture method by the described electrophoresis particle of claim 9 produce.
11. an electrophoretic sheet is characterized in that, comprise substrate and be configured in described substrate top, separately in a plurality of structures of the described electrophoresis dispersion of bag claim 10,
12. an electrophoretic apparatus is characterized in that, possesses the described electrophoretic sheet of claim 11.
13. an electronic equipment is characterized in that, possesses the described electrophoretic apparatus of claim 12.
CN2013100271494A 2012-01-27 2013-01-24 Electrophoretic particle, method for producing electrophoretic particle, electrophoretic dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic device, and electronic apparatus Pending CN103226276A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN106547157A (en) * 2015-09-18 2017-03-29 精工爱普生株式会社 Electrophoresis particle, the manufacture method of electrophoresis particle, electrophoresis dispersion, electrophoretic sheet, electrophoretic apparatus and electronic equipment
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