CN103226190A - True delay-based wideband phased array wave beam formation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a true delay-based wideband phased array wave beam formation method comprising the following steps: after a received signal of each channel is transformed into a frequency domain, performing true delay compensation respectively; if the time domain delay of the signal is tau, representing additional phase in the frequency domain after Fourier transformation; and performing inverse Fourier transformation to the time domain after performing matched filtering so as to acquire a compensated signal. The method realizes precise delay through digital signal processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wideband phased array wave beam formation method, be specifically related to a kind of wideband phased array wave beam formation method based on true time-delay, this true time-delay can be an arbitrary value.
Background technology
The prompt change of phased-array radar wave beam, multi-beam formation, good in anti-interference performance and operating distance are far away, and this makes it obtain application more and more widely in fields such as distant early warning, deep space probing and weather forecasts.Simultaneously, for improving resolution and recognition capability, the necessary broadband signal of using of phased-array radar.Therefore, the wideband phased array radar will be an important directions of Radar Technology development.
Make a general survey of domestic and international present Research, arrowband phased-array radar beam-forming technology is ripe, if on the centre frequency to the wave path-difference between the array element carry out earlier phase shift again addition just can form the wave beam of assigned direction.But wideband phased array radar signal frequency spectrum is wide, if with centre frequency optimum phase compensation phase differential, high-end and low side has bigger compensating error in frequency, causes beam-broadening, gain to descend and characteristics of signals changes.Simultaneously, wideband phased array distance by radar resolution height " get in the aperture " phenomenon can occur under the wide angle scanning situation, promptly between array element the echoed signal wave path-difference greater than or near range resolution by the signal bandwidth decision.
At present, existing wideband phased array wave beam formation method uses delay line to realize more, cost an arm and a leg, and poor-performing, and time-delay can only be discrete value; Also have a kind of wave beam method of handling based on subband of formationing, the phase shift that this method staging treating can not each frequency of full remuneration will cause the increase of beam-broadening and secondary lobe.Recently proposed broadband beams formation method, calculated simply, but only be applicable to linear FM signal based on stretch processing and phase compensation.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the problem and shortage at above-mentioned prior art exists, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wideband phased array wave beam formation method based on true time-delay, realize accurate delay by digital signal processing.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of wideband phased array wave beam formation method based on true time-delay, the received signal of each passage transforms to after the frequency domain, carry out true compensation of delay respectively: if the time-delay of the time domain of signal then shows as additive phase at frequency domain behind the Fourier transform for τ
Time domain is arrived in inverse Fourier transform after carrying out matched filtering subsequently again, thus the signal after being compensated.That is to say the time domain time-delay of signal
τShow as the additive phase that changes with frequency linearity, i.e. a fixing group delay at frequency domain.
Further, the time domain of described signal time-delay τ is not defined as the integral multiple in sampling period.Only need to change
τValue just can realize arbitrarily true time-delay, do not have the step-length problem, waveform is not required.
Further, the beam position of Xing Chenging as required accurately moves each frequency component of each array element, has solved beam-broadening, antenna gain descends, range resolution reduces problem.
Further, adopt digital signal processing to realize the compensation of delay of time domain, be applicable to that the digital beam of various broadbands and ultra broadband time control receiver forms.Also can be used for solving other signal processing problems, such as the signal Processing that conformal antenna receives, the motion compensation signal processing in the broadband high-speed mobile communication etc. have a extensive future.
Realize the compensation of delay of time domain according to the time shift characteristic of Fourier transform, break away from traditional analog delay line form, need not external lag line.
Beneficial effect: 1, broken away from the conventional thought of encoding and adjusting by step-length, the broadband beams formation method based on true time-delay that the present invention discloses compensates integer time-delay and mark time-delay simultaneously, and delay time can be adjusted arbitrarily;
2, Fourier transform is realized compensation of delay, and it is auxiliary to need not hardware, and cost is low;
3, dirigibility height is simple, practical.Only need to change the time domain time-delay
τValue just can realize arbitrarily true time-delay;
4, degree of accuracy height.The pure mathematics method realizes compensation of delay, almost zero error;
5, be widely used.The present invention is to the waveform no requirement (NR), and the digital beam that can be used for various broadbands and ultra broadband time control receiver forms.Also can be used for solving other signal processing problems, such as the signal Processing that conformal antenna receives, the motion compensation signal processing in the broadband high-speed mobile communication etc. have a extensive future.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the wideband phased array wave beam formation method realization block diagram based on true time-delay;
Fig. 2 is pulse pressure waveform and the desirable pulse pressure waveform comparison diagram after true time-delay method wave beam forms.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment only is used to the present invention is described and is not used in and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims institute restricted portion to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
The present invention has disclosed a kind of new true time-delay method of no step size signal and based on the wideband phased array wave beam formation method of true time-delay, according to the character of Fourier transform, realizes specifically being described below the compensation of delay of time domain with the phase compensation of frequency domain:
According to the time shift characteristic of Fourier transform, compensation of delay can be realized by the phase compensation of frequency domain.If the time domain of signal time-delay
τ, show as additive phase at frequency domain behind the Fourier transform
, that is to say the time domain time-delay of signal
τShow as the additive phase that changes with frequency linearity, i.e. a fixing group delay at frequency domain.
With the baseband signal is example, provides the group delay factor of digital signal.For approximate bandlimited signal, if sample frequency is higher, make the sampling back mix and repeatedly can ignore that the compensation of delay of digital signal can adopt the method same with Analog signals so, just compensating factor becomes discrete value.
The signal of supposing two array element receptions in the array is respectively
s 1(
n) and
s 2(
n), signal length is N,
s 2(
n) with respect to
s 1(
n) delayed time
, wherein M is the integral part of time-delay, m is the fractional part of time-delay.The data length that samples is
s 1(
n) back M+1 data and
s 2(
n) preceding M+1 data in all do not have signal, have only noise.
Then according to the present invention, if the data length L that collects is an odd number, then compensating factor is:
If data length L is an even number, then compensating factor is:
Wherein,
(3)
As seen, the present invention is with integer time-delay and mark time-delay compensation simultaneously, and the problem of the step-length of not delaying time is delayed time accurately.
Contrast existing method, true time-delay of the present invention realizes the compensation of delay of time domain dexterously with the phase compensation of frequency domain, and simple, no step-length limits, and has overcome the shortcoming of prior art, meets future development trend.
With S type nonlinear frequency modulation signal is example, by the validity of matlab simulating, verifying based on the wideband phased array wave beam formation method of true time-delay.
True time-delay wideband phased array wave beam forms realizes block diagram as shown in Figure 1.
The expression formula of the group delay of S type nonlinear FM pulse signal is:
Wherein,
TFor modulating pulse the time wide,
BBe the modulation frequency range,
f 0 Be centre frequency,
k=0.08.
Suppose the array number N of equidistant linear battle array
eBe 100, array element distance
dBe 0.15m.The bandwidth of nonlinear frequency modulation signal
BBe 250MHz, the time wide
TBe 10
μS, centre frequency
f 0 Be 1GHz.Sample frequency
f s Get 300MHz.Target direction
θIt is 45 °.
If use the narrow-band beam method, because compensation of phase just, do not consider that the aperture gets over phenomenon, so the waveform main lobe broadening after the pulse compression, and main lobe gain descends.But the main lobe width approximate treatment behind the broadening is broadening main lobe width not and the array time-delay sum that causes of the wave path-difference between the array element from beginning to end, that is:
In the formula, c is the light velocity.And the inventive method wave beam after forming the pulse pressure waveform and desirable pulse pressure waveform more as shown in Figure 2.
S type nonlinear frequency modulation signal pulse pressure output result's principal subsidiary lobe ratio is 42.56dB, and utilizes the inventive method to carry out carrying out after wave beam forms pulse pressure again, and the principal subsidiary lobe that obtains is than being 42.3dB.From Fig. 2 also as can be seen, the pulse pressure waveform after the inventive method wave beam forms is almost finished with desirable pulse pressure waveform and is overlapped, and pulse pressure is effective.
Based on the wideband phased array wave beam formation method of true time-delay, the sensing of Xing Chenging as required, accurately each frequency component of mobile each array element has solved the problem that beam-broadening, antenna gain decline, range resolution reduce.
As can be seen from the above-described embodiment, the wideband phased array wave beam formation method of primary block time-delay method compensates integer time-delay and mark time-delay simultaneously, the problem of the step-length of not delaying time, and waveform do not required.Should be applicable to various broadbands and ultra broadband phased-array radar by true time-delay algorithm, also can be used for linear frequency modulation, nonlinear frequency modulation and impulse radar, or to the signal Processing after the linear FM signal stretching conversion, application prospect be quite wide.
Claims (3)
1. wideband phased array wave beam formation method based on true time-delay, it is characterized in that, the received signal of each passage transforms to after the frequency domain, carries out true compensation of delay respectively: if the time-delay of the time domain of signal then shows as additive phase at frequency domain behind the Fourier transform for τ
Time domain is arrived in inverse Fourier transform after carrying out matched filtering subsequently again, thus the signal after being compensated.
2. according to the described a kind of wideband phased array wave beam formation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the time domain time-delay τ of described signal is not defined as the integral multiple in sampling period based on true time-delay.
3. according to the described a kind of wideband phased array wave beam formation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the beam position of Xing Chenging as required moves each frequency component of each array element based on true time-delay.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104391298A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Digital delaying compensation device and method and achieving device and method |
| CN106549234A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of MIMO beam-forming devices of height multiplexing |
| CN108362939A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-03 | 成都泰格微波技术股份有限公司 | A kind of frequency domain parameter measurement method of linear FM signal |
| CN109116306A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-01 | 河海大学 | The digital beam froming method of multi-carrier broadband signal |
| CN110456312A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of beam-broadening method based on arc equiphase surface |
| CN110988812A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | Method for realizing ultra-wideband signal reception digital beam forming |
| CN111201668A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-05-26 | 通用电气公司 | True delay beamformer module and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN112511208A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-16 | 河海大学 | Frequency domain broadband beam forming multi-filter combination processing method and system |
| CN112636773A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband time domain beam forming method based on digital frequency domain compensation |
| CN115842251A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-03-24 | 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 | Antenna sampling compensation method and device and phased array panel antenna |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104391298A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Digital delaying compensation device and method and achieving device and method |
| CN106549234A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of MIMO beam-forming devices of height multiplexing |
| CN111201668B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2021-03-26 | 通用电气公司 | True delay beamformer module and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN111201668A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-05-26 | 通用电气公司 | True delay beamformer module and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN108362939B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-06-23 | 成都泰格微波技术股份有限公司 | Frequency domain parameter measuring method of linear frequency modulation signal |
| CN108362939A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-03 | 成都泰格微波技术股份有限公司 | A kind of frequency domain parameter measurement method of linear FM signal |
| CN109116306A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-01 | 河海大学 | The digital beam froming method of multi-carrier broadband signal |
| CN110456312A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of beam-broadening method based on arc equiphase surface |
| CN110988812A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | Method for realizing ultra-wideband signal reception digital beam forming |
| CN112511208A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-16 | 河海大学 | Frequency domain broadband beam forming multi-filter combination processing method and system |
| CN112511208B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-06-14 | 河海大学 | Frequency domain broadband beam forming multi-filter combination processing method and system |
| CN112636773A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband time domain beam forming method based on digital frequency domain compensation |
| CN115842251A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-03-24 | 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 | Antenna sampling compensation method and device and phased array panel antenna |
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Application publication date: 20130731 |