CN1032237A - 碱性药物检测*** - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于检测体液中碱性麻醉剂或药物的方法,
它包括使体液过滤通过纤维素过滤装置,该装置业已
用能将麻醉剂或药物与过滤装置相结合的结合剂进
行了处理。所说结合剂是酸性有机指示剂或多元羧
酸。根据需要可再用试剂处理麻醉剂或药物,以产生
颜色反应。本发明还揭示了一种用来检测碱性麻醉
剂或药物的设备,它包括业经结合剂处理过的过滤装
置,以在与合适的指示剂反应前对麻醉剂或药物进行
浓集。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于确定体液中某种类型碱性麻醉剂或药物存在与否的检验装置。更具体地,本发明涉及这样一种装置,它用来浓缩可能存在于尿中的这类碱性药物,并用合适的化学试剂以比色方法来检测它们的存在有否。
由于诸如***、***、苯异丙胺、安定药和合成镇痛药之类受控物质或麻醉剂的广泛使用,对运动员和其他一些从事与公众信任有关职业的人,或者其所从事的工作在当事人不处于完全警觉状态时就可能会发生伤害的那些人,对他们进行药物检验的需要业已提到议事日程上来。对运动队、公共汽车驾驶员的检验涉及对一大群人的试验,这种检验必须能快速、准确地进行,而且检验费用应便宜。对于检测尿中诸如***之类麻醉剂的高度灵敏和容易读数的检验在药物控制方面是极其有用的。在工业、企业、部队、学校、以及法院和监狱领域中,麻醉剂检查已成为广泛应用的技术。这种检查既用作雇佣前的手续,又作为一种监测工具。目前检测尿中这些碱性麻醉剂的方法较为昂贵和费时,而且一般来说必须由合格的人员在装备良好的实验室中进行。如果一个未受过化学实验室操作训练的人,在没有现有方法中所需的仪器和实验室设备可供使用的情况下,即可快速地检测尿中是否有这类麻醉剂存在,这将是十分令人向往和有用的。这类检验方法的有效性应达到下述灵敏度:即每毫升尿液中的***浓度为1微克,而且尿的需用量不应超过23-50毫升。
“Clarke,Isolation and Identification of Drugs,The Pharmaceutical Press,London,1969,pp 431-432”(此处引用仅供参考)一文中揭示了能用来检测普通麻醉剂物质的化学试剂。
本发明的目的在于提供一种能检测体液中存在的微量碱性麻醉物质(包括安定药)和其他影响中枢神经***的药物的装置。
本发明的另一目的是提供这样一种装置,该装置对各种各样比色反应具有广泛的适应性,而且将使药物检验的颜色反应灵敏度较之相应的溶液反应提高几倍。
本发明的再一目的是提供这样一种装置,即未受过训练的人能用比色方法快速地检测出尿中极其微量的碱性麻醉物质。
本发明的更进一步目的是检测哺乳动物体液中多种麻醉物质或影响中枢神经***的化合物。
本发明的上述和其他目的可通过提供业经结合剂和合适的化学检测试剂处理过的纤维素过滤装置而实现。这种过滤装置用来收集和因此浓集在体液中可能存在的任何碱性药物或麻醉剂,由于它的浓度很低,因而难于用常规方法检出。本发明在检测麻醉剂或药物的服用与否方面特别有效,即使服药者在预期要作检验的前几天已停止用药。
本发明的过滤装置是通过一种应用于过滤装置与麻醉剂或药物的结合剂来结合这些麻醉剂或药物,从而基本上滤去通过过滤装置的尿液中的麻醉剂或药物。然后将一种针对欲被检测的具体麻醉剂的化学试剂倾入过滤装置上,若有特定颜色出现,则表明有麻醉剂或药物存在。
较为方便的是,将过滤装置与漏斗状装置结合使用,以便于在盘中收集和浓集。首先将体液或尿的试样倾入浸有合适结合剂的盘上,然后将合适的化学试剂倒入盘上。在盘上特定颜色的显现则表示有麻醉剂或药物存在。
根据本发明的另一个实施例,化学试剂可通过结合剂而结合在滤盘上。在加入被检验的试样时,在盘上将显现颜色变化。所述的盘可以包括一层以上的过滤材料,每一层均用能易与特定的麻醉剂或药物起反应的不同结合剂或试剂浸渍过。
可被检出的各种不同的碱性麻醉剂或药物包括***、***、***、苯异丙胺苯环己派啶、苯环己哌啶(PCP)、利眠宁、丙氧芬(propoxphene)、合成镇痛药、生物碱、克非考勒明(cathecholamines)等。
能用于本发明的结合剂是多元羧酸化合物,其中至少一个羧酸基团与构成过滤装置的纤维素材料中的游离羟基相结合,而过滤装置和另一个羧酸基团与欲被检测的麻醉剂中的一个碱性基团结合。所说的多元羧酸化合物最好是分子式为
的化合物,式中R选自由下述基团所组成的一组中的任一基团,这些基团是4至6个碳原子的环烷基、2至12个碳原子的烷基、2至12个碳原子的亚烷基、5至6个碳原子的杂环基团,以及苯基。
可用作结合剂的合适酸类包括马来酸、富马酸、己二酸、琥珀酸、苯二甲酸等。
可与碱性麻醉剂或药物相互作用而产生颜色反应的试剂包括硫氰酸钴和四溴苯酚钛乙酯。
通过参照下述最佳实施例的描述和保护范围,并结合附图,将可看出本发明的其他目的,并对本发明作更全面的了解,这些图中相同的参考符号系指同样的部件。
附图说明:
图1是本发明检验装置的透视图;
图2是本发明一个多层盘的具体实施例的示意图;以及
图3是具有试剂浸渍部分的可拆装的检验漏斗的侧视图。
为清楚起见,在以下描述中使用专门的术语,这些术语仅用来指选择在图中进行说明的本发明的具体结构,而并不是对本发明的范围进行限定或限制。
如图1所示,本发明的检验设备可包括装置10,后者用于收集和浓集尿之类的体液,并检验碱性麻醉剂和药物的存在与否。装置10例如可包括一个带有多孔支承板11的漏斗13,在所说多孔支承板11上设置一个纤维素盘12。结合剂被放入溶液中,并倾入和通过漏斗,由此结合在盘12上。然后使含有麻醉剂和药物的悬浮状试验液通过漏斗13,借此,麻醉剂或药物与结合剂相互作用,并保留在盘上。接着向漏斗倾注适合于麻醉剂或药物的检验试剂,并通过漏斗,此时若盘上显现出特定的颜色,则表示有麻醉剂或药物存在。
盘12可由纤维素滤纸构成,或由具有经纬结构整齐编织的纤维素丝构成,也可以由无纺织物形式构成。此外,也可以使用薄型毡或羊毛状网织品,其中纤维结构是不均匀的,但它们具有必需的非彩色的颜色和稳定性。最好使用天然纤维素材料或者单丝或细纺丝的阴离子合成树脂织物,这些单丝或细纺丝可由棉、纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、亚麻或剑麻之类的纤维素材料组成。根据指示剂层的颜色反应,可在给定的限制范围内改变网织品。一般使用由无色材料构成的网织品。然而,当使用有色网织品时,则得到与指示剂层颜色相混合的色彩,在有些情况下,这将增加对比度。此外,也可用浸湿后仅穿透到指示剂层的试剂来浸渍网织品。对于在存放期间,两种或两种以上结合剂、检测试剂和/或辅剂可能互相进行反应的埸合,则推荐这种分开浸渍的方法。
如图2所示,用来浓缩麻醉剂或药物的盘可包括一个多层盘20。在第一层21中,能检测麻醉剂或药物的化学试剂可直接地,或通过结合剂而结合到盘的薄层上。第2层23可以通过一个中间边界层22与第一层相连结,所说的边界层22可防止不同化学试剂之间的相互作用。
第2层23可含有一种结合剂和对于***类药(cannabinoids)[例如坚牢蓝BB(fast blue BB)]特效的酸性有机颜色指示剂。
层21可含有四溴苯酚酞,其颜色的改变,则表示有苯异丙胺存在。若体液中麻醉剂的检验包括对于***类药或安定药,以及其他碱性药物(如***)的检验时,则多层盘便于应用。在这种情况下,一层能用来检验***类药或安定药,而其他的层则可用作对其他麻醉剂的检验。
图3显示了在部件31处用结合剂浸渍过的过滤器30。该过滤器30系与普通漏斗一起使用。俟尿液通过漏斗后,加入指示剂,若观察到颜色,则表示有麻醉剂或药物存在。
可用于本发明的指示剂是公知的,可从市埸上购得。这些指示剂包括如下:
指示剂 化学组成 被检验的药物或麻醉剂
Marquis试剂 甲醛的硫酸溶液 ***制剂、苯异丙胺、安定、
吩噻嗪、丙氧芬
Mecke试剂 ***的硫酸溶液 ***制剂、三甲氧苯乙胺、
***
Froehde试剂 钼酸的硫酸溶液 ***制剂、三甲氧苯乙胺、
苯异丙胺
Iodoplatinate 氯化铂和碘化钾 ***制剂、苯环己哌啶、
试剂 ***、苯异丙胺、丙氧芬、
Mandelin试剂 钒酸铵的硫酸溶液 ***制剂、苯异丙胺、
三甲氧苯乙胺、吩噻嗪
综上所述,可以认为,该技术领域的熟练人员将容易认识和理解本发明的新颖概念和特点。等同物的无数变体、变化和替换物将显现在该领域熟练人员的面前,并可在不背离本发明范围和原则的前提下制得。因此,文内所述的实施例完全按此处所附的权利要求书中确定的本发明之范围而进行了各种变换和变化等。
Claims (16)
1、一种用于检测体液中碱性麻醉剂或药物的方法,它包括下述步骤:
(1)使所说的体液过滤通过纤维素过滤装置,而该装置业已用针对碱性麻醉剂或药物,以及所说过滤装置的结合剂进行处理,该结合剂是分子式为
的化合物,式中R选自由下述基团所组成的这一组中的任一基团,这些基团是:4至6个碳原子的环烷基、2至12个碳原子的烷基、2至12个碳原子的亚烷基、5至6个碳原子的杂环基,以及苯基;然后
(2)使所说的过滤装置与颜色指示剂接触,而该指示剂对过滤装置上的麻醉剂或药物特效。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所说的多元羧酸是马来酸。
3、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所说的多元羧酸是已二酸。
4、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所说的体液是尿液。
5、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所说的过滤装置是滤盘。
6、根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于所说的滤盘由多层盘组成,其中至少一层是经所说的结合剂处理过的纤维素层,而该结合剂是对所说的层和麻醉剂或药物起结合作用。
7、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所说的颜色指示剂选自氰酸钴或四溴苯酚钛乙酯。
8、一种用于检测体液中碱性麻醉剂或药物的方法,它包括下述步骤:
(1)使所说的体液通过一个过滤装置,该过滤装置包括:
(a)用结合剂浸渍过的第一层,该结合剂包含分子式为
的化合物,式中R选自由下列基团所组成的这一组中的任一基团,这些基团是4至6个碳原子的环烷基、2至12个碳原子的烷基、2至12个碳原子的亚烷基、5至6个碳原子的杂环基、以及苯基,
(b)用酸性有机指示剂浸渍过的第二层纤维素层,所说指示剂对结合在所说第二层上的***类药是特效的,它能与该***类药结合,当有后者存在时,在所说的第二层上可观察到颜色变化;然后
(2)加入针对所说碱性***的指示剂。
9、根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于所说的酸性有机指示剂是坚牢蓝BB。
10、一种用于浓集体液中碱性麻醉剂或药物的设备,它包括纤维素过滤装置,该装置具有与其相结合的结合剂,所说结合剂能进一步与碱性麻醉剂或药物结合,该结合剂是分子式为
的化合物,式中R选自由下述基团所组成的这一组中的任一基团,即4至6个碳原子的环烷基、2至12个碳原子的烷基、2至12个碳原子的亚烷基、5至6个碳原子的杂环基、以及苯基。
11、根据权利要求8所述的设备,其特征在于所说的结合剂是马来酸。
12、根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于所说的结合剂是已二酸。
13、根据权利要求10所述的设备,其特征在于所说的过滤装置包括圆盘。
14、根据权利要求13所述的设备,其特征在于所说的圆盘是多层的。
15、根据权利要求13所述的设备,其特征在于所说的过滤装置被支承在漏斗中。
16、根据权利要求13所述的设备,其特征在于至少一层与结合剂相结合,所说结合剂是一种针对***类药的指示剂。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/055,437 US4806487A (en) | 1987-05-29 | 1987-05-29 | Basic drug detection method |
US55,437 | 1987-05-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1032237A true CN1032237A (zh) | 1989-04-05 |
Family
ID=21997787
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN88103290A Pending CN1032237A (zh) | 1987-05-29 | 1988-05-28 | 碱性药物检测*** |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4806487A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0315676A4 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR890702015A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1032237A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8807077A (zh) |
DK (1) | DK37889A (zh) |
FI (1) | FI890305A (zh) |
IL (1) | IL86545A0 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1988009495A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA883855B (zh) |
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-
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- 1987-05-29 US US07/055,437 patent/US4806487A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-05-25 BR BR888807077A patent/BR8807077A/pt unknown
- 1988-05-25 EP EP19880905300 patent/EP0315676A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-05-25 KR KR1019890700118A patent/KR890702015A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-05-25 WO PCT/US1988/001740 patent/WO1988009495A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-05-28 CN CN88103290A patent/CN1032237A/zh active Pending
- 1988-05-29 IL IL86545A patent/IL86545A0/xx unknown
- 1988-05-30 ZA ZA883855A patent/ZA883855B/xx unknown
-
1989
- 1989-01-20 FI FI890305A patent/FI890305A/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-27 DK DK037889A patent/DK37889A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN104655575A (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-27 | 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 | 一种水溶性酸碱测试装置及测试方法 |
CN105548175A (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-05-04 | 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 | 一种水溶性酸碱测试仪 |
CN105606545A (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-05-25 | 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 | 一种利用水溶性酸碱测试装置对水溶性酸碱进行测试的方法 |
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CN104655575B (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-08-24 | 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 | 一种水溶性酸碱测试装置 |
CN105548175B (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2018-01-12 | 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 | 一种水溶性酸碱测试仪 |
CN105699372B (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2018-03-30 | 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 | 一种基于水溶性酸碱测试装置的测试方法 |
CN105606545B (zh) * | 2015-01-16 | 2018-06-12 | 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 | 一种利用水溶性酸碱测试装置对水溶性酸碱进行测试的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0315676A4 (en) | 1990-02-20 |
KR890702015A (ko) | 1989-12-22 |
EP0315676A1 (en) | 1989-05-17 |
IL86545A0 (en) | 1988-11-15 |
WO1988009495A1 (en) | 1988-12-01 |
US4806487A (en) | 1989-02-21 |
ZA883855B (en) | 1989-03-29 |
BR8807077A (pt) | 1989-10-17 |
FI890305A0 (fi) | 1989-01-20 |
DK37889D0 (da) | 1989-01-27 |
FI890305A (fi) | 1989-01-20 |
DK37889A (da) | 1989-01-27 |
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