CN103216835A - Automatic flue gas oxygen content control system of domestic garbage incinerator - Google Patents
Automatic flue gas oxygen content control system of domestic garbage incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103216835A CN103216835A CN201310176020XA CN201310176020A CN103216835A CN 103216835 A CN103216835 A CN 103216835A CN 201310176020X A CN201310176020X A CN 201310176020XA CN 201310176020 A CN201310176020 A CN 201310176020A CN 103216835 A CN103216835 A CN 103216835A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of household garbage incineration, and in particular aims to an automatic flue gas oxygen content control system of a three-segment mechanical-grate household garbage incinerator. The system is characterized in that flue gas oxygen content is measured by an oxygen content measuring meter arranged at an outlet of a coal economizer; according to the deviation of a measured value from a set value, if the measured flue gas oxygen content is higher, then the air flow of secondary air and the air flow in a burn-out segment are increased; and if the oxygen content is lower, then the air flow of secondary air and the air flow in the burn-out segment are increased. By adopting the automatic flue gas oxygen content control system, the following objects are achieved: when the household garbage heat value is low and the heat value changes, the incinerator can perform automatic regulation and stable operation, the automatic combustion control of the incinerator is increased, and the working intensity of operating personnel is substantially reduced.
Description
The present patent application is that application number is 201210495704.1, and the applying date is on November 28th, 2012, and title is dividing an application of a kind of domestic waste incineration automatic combustion control system.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the consumer waste incineration field, especially at automatic combustion control method about syllogic stoker fired grate formula domestic waste incineration.
Background technology
The domestic waste complicated component of current China, calorific value is lower, caused incinerator combustion conditions instability, every incinerator of domestic most of incineration plant all is equipped with the operating personnel of a sole duty, all operate in manual operation mode with each relevant equipment major part of waste incineration control, the stable operation of incinerator relies on operating personnel's personal experience fully, regulates the parameter such as air quantity, air distribution ratio, delivery rate, each section of fire grate speed of each section of fire grate.Combustion conditions changes slightly, the operations staff just need ceaselessly carry out associative operation, cause the bigger fluctuation of combustion conditions if operate unreasonable or untimely meeting, so the relevant incinerator burning automaticity of control automatically is badly in need of improving, a lot of equipment producers have all dropped into a large amount of manpowers and have studied relevant domestic waste incineration automatic combustion control system, in the hope of being implemented in the target that can regulate the stable operation that makes incinerator automatically when refuse thermal value changes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, on the low side for being implemented in the house refuse calorific value, incinerator can be regulated and stable operation automatically when calorific value changed, and improved the control of incinerator automatic combustion, significantly reduced the target of operations staff's working strength.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of domestic waste incineration automatic combustion control system, hereinafter to be referred as the ACC control system, set up following control model with heat balance and material balance, by the Lower heat value X1 of rubbish is set, steam flow Fs, these three basic parameters of the density Vr of rubbish, design parameter or coefficient data in conjunction with incinerator self, by regulating the flow Fa of combustion air, the air distribution ratio F1 of each section of fire grate, F2, F3, the speed FDs of pusher and each section fire grate, DGs, MGs, BGs, the flow parameter of secondary wind, realize with control Boiler Steam stability of flow in setting value, hot burn decrement rate minimizes, and reduces these three automatic combustion control systems that main contents are target of generation of pollutant; Specifically being calculated as follows of above-mentioned control model:
1, Fs * C1 ÷ X1=Y1; Wherein:
Fs: steam flow setting value (unit: t/h);
C1: produce the heat (unit: MJ/t) that steam per ton needs;
X1: the Lower heat value setting value (unit: MJ/kg) of rubbish;
Y1: the quantity of refuse (unit: kg/h) that needs;
2, Y1 ÷ Vr ÷ W ÷ H=Fr; Wherein:
Vr: the density setting value (unit: t/m of rubbish
3);
W: pusher width (unit: m);
H: pusher entry level (unit: m);
Fr: feed reference speed (unit: m/h);
3, Fr * C2=FDs; Fr * C3=DGs; Fr * C4=MGs; Fr * C5=BGs; Wherein:
C2: pusher speed correction factor;
FDs: pusher speed (unit: m/h);
C3: dry fire grate speed correction factor;
DGs: dry fire grate speed (unit: m/h);
C4: combustion grate speed correction factor;
MGs: combustion grate speed (unit: m/h);
C5: burn-out grate speed correction factor;
BGs: burn-out grate speed (unit: m/h);
4, Fs * C1 * C6=Y2; Wherein:
Fs: steam flow setting value (unit: t/h);
C1: produce the heat (unit: MJ/t) that steam per ton needs;
C6: the air capacity (unit: km of the burning that the generation units of heat needs
3N/MJ);
Y2: the theoretical air requirement (unit: km that needs
3N/h);
5, Y2 * Rae=Fa; Wherein:
Y2: the theoretical air requirement (km that needs
3N/h);
Rae: the excess air coefficient of incinerator;
Fa: benchmark air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
6, Fa * C7=F1; Fa * C8=F2; Fa * C9=F3; Wherein:
Fa: benchmark air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
C7: drying oven emptying gas distribution coefficient;
F1: drying oven emptying throughput (unit: km
3N/h);
C8: combustion grate air distribution coefficient;
F2: combustion grate air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
C9: burn-out grate air distribution coefficient;
F3: burn-out grate air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h).
Set value the load variations that gently to regulate in the incinerator scope of design by changing steam flow; When refuse thermal value fluctuateed among a small circle, this scheme can be adjusted the data such as air quantity of fire grate speed, each section automatically, to adapt to this variation, kept incinerator and was operated in stable status; When the calorific value of rubbish has than great fluctuation process, also can make incinerator adjust the data such as air quantity of fire grate speed, each section automatically by the Lower heat value of change rubbish and the setting value of density, to adapt to this variation, keep incinerator and be operated in stable status.
Above-mentioned is that theoretical foundation calculates required benchmark air quantity and rubbish supply with heat balance and material balance, with this as each section air quantity to fire grate, the basis that pusher speed, each section fire grate speed are regulated.
By changing the setting of quantity of steam, the present invention can correspondingly change the supply of rubbish and the supply of combustion air, has reached the purpose of Load Regulation.
By regulating the air mass flow of combustion grate section, promote burning or suppress burning, be suitable rising of furnace temperature or reduction, reach quantity of steam and be stabilized in the setting value purpose.
By temperature measuring equipment being set at burning segment, monitor the burning degree of rubbish, fire grate section speed that control is relevant and burning air quantity reach the minimized purpose of hot burn decrement rate.
Be not less than 850 ℃ of requirements of 2 seconds by the control chamber flue gas temperature, and flue gas oxygen content remains on range of set value, reach the purpose of the generation control that reduces pollutant.
Difference according to refuse thermal value is provided with rational combustion air temperature, flow, changes the air distribution ratio of each section of fire grate, and the speed of regulating each section fire grate makes incinerator be operated in stable status.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the control loop schematic diagram of domestic waste incineration automatic combustion control system of the present invention.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively the schematic diagrames of steam flow control loop, fire box temperature control loop, rubbish thickness of feed layer control loop.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10 are respectively the schematic diagrames of ACC control system, steam flow control system, hot burn decrement rate control system, oxygen content of smoke gas control system, fire box temperature control system, rubbish thickness of feed layer control system.
The schematic diagram of automatic combustion control when automatic combustion control and incinerator load reduced when Figure 11, Figure 12 were the increase of incinerator load respectively.
Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16 are respectively 24 hours historical data curve maps of main steam flow, burn-out grate upper temp, chamber flue gas temperature (being detained after 2 seconds), economizer exit oxygen content.
Among the figure:
1-pusher speed control valve; The dried fire grate speed control valve of sweeping of 2-; 3-combustion grate speed control valve; 4-burn-out grate speed control valve; 5-drying oven emptying throughput measuring instrument; 6-drying oven emptying throughput control valve; One section air-flow measurement instrument of 7-combustion grate; One section air-flow measurement control valve of 8-combustion grate; Two sections air-flow measurement instrument of 9-combustion grate; Two sections air flow control valves of 10-combustion grate; Three sections air-flow measurement instrument of 11-combustion grate; Three sections air flow control valves of 12-combustion grate; One section air-flow measurement instrument of 13-burn-out grate; One section air flow control valve of 14-burn-out grate, two sections air-flow measurement instrument of 15-burn-out grate; Two sections air flow control valves of 16-burn-out grate; 17-burn-out grate upper temp measuring instrument; 18-waste layer thickness measuring instrument table; 19-secondary air flow control valve; 20-secondary air flow measuring instrument; 21-fire box temperature measuring instrument; 22-flue gas oxygen content measuring instrument; 23-positive airflow flowmeter; The 24-ACC active station; The 25-ACC control station.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be the control loop schematic diagram of domestic waste incineration automatic combustion control system of the present invention.Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of ACC control system.The control theory model of ACC has been described brief and concisely, with heat balance and material balance is theoretical foundation, the Lower heat value of the rubbish by rubbish is set on active station, steam flow, these three basic parameters of the density of rubbish, according to the theory of heat balance and material balance draw respectively the needed baseline combustion air capacity of each section fire grate and and pusher, the reference speed of each section fire grate, usually regulate each field apparatus control valve, realization is to each section air quantity, pusher, the control of fire grate speed, the final Boiler Steam stability of flowization that realizes, hot burn decrement rate minimizes, and reduces these three major control targets of generation of pollutant.
Set value the load variations that gently to regulate in the incinerator scope of design by changing steam flow; When refuse thermal value fluctuateed among a small circle, this scheme can be adjusted the data such as air quantity of fire grate speed, each section automatically, to adapt to this variation, kept incinerator and was operated in stable status; When the calorific value of rubbish has than great fluctuation process, also can make incinerator adjust the data such as air quantity of fire grate speed, each section automatically by the Lower heat value of change rubbish and the setting value of density, to adapt to this variation, keep incinerator and be operated in stable status.
Specifically being calculated as follows of this control model:
1, Fs * C1 ÷ X1=Y1; Wherein:
Fs: steam flow setting value (unit: t/h);
C1: produce the heat (unit: MJ/t) that steam per ton needs;
X1: the Lower heat value setting value (unit: MJ/kg) of rubbish;
Y1: the quantity of refuse (unit: kg/h) that needs;
2, Y1 ÷ Vr ÷ W ÷ H=Fr; Wherein:
Vr: the density setting value (unit: t/m of rubbish
3);
W: pusher width (unit: m);
H: pusher entry level (unit: m);
Fr: feed reference speed (unit: m/h);
3, Fr * C2=FDs; Fr * C3=DGs; Fr * C4=MGs; Fr * C5=BGs; Wherein:
C2: pusher speed correction factor;
FDs: pusher speed (unit: m/h);
C3: dry fire grate speed correction factor;
DGs: dry fire grate speed (unit: m/h);
C4: combustion grate speed correction factor;
MGs: combustion grate speed (unit: m/h);
C5: burn-out grate speed correction factor;
BGs: burn-out grate speed (unit: m/h);
4, Fs * C1 * C6=Y2; Wherein:
Fs: steam flow setting value (unit: t/h);
C1: produce the heat (unit: MJ/t) that steam per ton needs;
C6: the air capacity (unit: km of the burning that the generation units of heat needs
3N/MJ);
Y2: the theoretical air requirement (unit: km that needs
3N/h);
5, Y2 * Rae=Fa; Wherein:
Y2: the theoretical air requirement (km that needs
3N/h);
Rae: the excess air coefficient of incinerator;
Fa: benchmark air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
6, Fa * C7=F1; Fa * C8=F2; Fa * C9=F3; Wherein:
Fa: benchmark air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
C7: drying oven emptying gas distribution coefficient;
F1: drying oven emptying throughput (unit: km
3N/h);
C8: combustion grate air distribution coefficient;
F2: combustion grate air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
C9: burn-out grate air distribution coefficient;
F3: burn-out grate air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h).
Calculation specifications about control loop:
Steam flow control loop among Fig. 2, the heat amount of cutting down according to the circumstance control loop, flue gas oxygen amount control loop; Fire box temperature control loop among Fig. 3; Rubbish bed thickness control loop among Fig. 4; The calculating of each control loop all is that the thereof using PID controller calculates, each control loop is according to the deviation of setting value SV and measured value PV, carry out the PID computing, regulate the speed of relevant pusher, each section fire grate, the air quantity of each section fire grate according to the output of computing, reach the purpose of smooth combustion.
As shown in Figure 2, be the schematic diagram of steam flow control loop.Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of steam flow control system.The principle of steam flow control loop has been described.
By on the ACC active station, setting the Lower heat value of vapor stream value and rubbish, the heat balance theory draws the quantity of refuse of the so many caloric requirements of generation, and the baseline combustion air capacity that needs of incineration firing, rule of thumb total combustion air amount is assigned to below every section fire grate.Wherein what of the air mass flow below the combustion grate mainly affect the severe degree of incineration firing, affect the steam flow of furnace temperature and generation.The vapour survey instrument is set on jet chimney,,, just reduces the air mass flow supply of burning zone,, just increase the air mass flow supply of burning zone if measured value is on the low side if measured value is higher according to the vapor stream value that measures and the deviation of setting value.
As shown in Figure 3, be the schematic diagram of fire box temperature control loop.Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of fire box temperature control system.The principle of fire box temperature control loop has been described.
Measure fire box temperature by temperature measuring instrument is installed on burner hearth, suitable temperature value is set on the ACC active station, according to setting value and deviation of measuring value, if temperature value measured is higher, will increase the flow of secondary wind this moment; If the temperature value measured flow that will reduce secondary wind on the low side.
As Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of rubbish thickness of feed layer control loop.Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of rubbish thickness of feed layer control system.The principle of rubbish bed thickness control loop has been described.
By measure the rubbish thickness on the fire grate in installation rubbish thickness measure instrument on the burner hearth, the density of suitable one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 and rubbish is set on the ACC active station.According to the weight of the rubbish of the needs that calculate in the steam control loop, the volume of discharging garbage, draw the reference speed of garbage feeding according to the size of fire grate and pusher, and then draw the reference speed of pusher and each section fire grate.According to the setting value and the deviation of measuring value of rubbish thickness, if the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of measuring is higher, the speed of will slow down this moment pusher and dry fire grate increases the speed of combustion grate simultaneously; If the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of measuring is on the low side, will accelerate the speed of pusher and dry fire grate, the speed of the combustion grate that slows down simultaneously this moment.
As Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of hot burn decrement rate control system.This figure has illustrated the principle of the hot rate control loop that cuts down according to the circumstance.
By being set on burn-out grate top, temperature measuring instrument comes the cut down according to the circumstance situation of rate of reflect heat, suitable temperature value is set on the ACC active station, according to setting value and deviation of measuring value, if measure insufficient that temperature drift explanation rubbish burns in front herein, guarantee that the heat rate of cutting down according to the circumstance will increase the air mass flow of after-flame section, the speed of combustion grate and burn-out grate is also slack-off simultaneously; If temperature is on the low side, it is very abundant to illustrate that rubbish burns in front, and can reduce the air mass flow of after-flame section this moment, and the speed of combustion grate and burn-out grate also can accelerate simultaneously.
As Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of oxygen content of smoke gas control system.This figure has illustrated the principle of flue gas oxygen content control loop.
Measure flue gas oxygen content by the oxygen content measurement instrument being installed in economizer exit, suitable oxygen content value is set on the ACC active station, according to setting value and deviation of measuring value, if the flue gas oxygen content of measuring is higher, will reduce the flow of secondary wind and the wind flow of burn-out grate section this moment; Will increase the flow of secondary wind and the wind flow of burn-out grate section if oxygen content is on the low side.
The schematic diagram of automatic combustion control when being the increase of incinerator load as Figure 11.Set by increasing the steam raising amount, the air capacity of combustion grate section is increased, the increase of combustion air can promote incineration firing, and furnace temperature rises, and reaches the purpose that quantity of steam increases; The aggravation of incineration firing makes the attenuation of rubbish bed thickness, keep the supply that suitable bed thickness just increases rubbish, accelerates the speed of pusher and dry fire grate; The aggravation of incineration firing can make the main burning position of rubbish move the upstream forward, and the burn-out grate upper temp reduces, and the reduction ACC of this temperature can adjust combustion grate and burn-out grate speeds up, and reduces the supply of burn-out grate combustion air; The aggravation of burning also can make flue gas oxygen content reduce, and ACC makes oxygen content maintain rational concentration by increasing the supply of secondary wind; The rising of furnace temperature, the supply that ACC also can increase secondary wind makes furnace temperature maintain rational temperature.
As Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of incinerator load automatic combustion control when reducing.By reducing the setting of steam flow, the air capacity of combustion grate section is reduced, the minimizing of combustion air can suppress incineration firing, and furnace temperature descends, and reaches the purpose that quantity of steam reduces; The inhibition of incineration firing makes rubbish bed thickness thickening, keep the supply that suitable bed thickness just reduces rubbish, can the slow down speed of pusher and dry fire grate of ACC; The inhibition of incineration firing can make the main burning position of rubbish move in the downstream forward, and the burn-out grate upper temp increases, this temperature increase ACC can slow down combustion grate and burn-out grate speed, increase the supply of burn-out grate combustion air, make rubbish completing combustion; The inhibition of burning also can make flue gas oxygen content fall increase, and ACC makes oxygen content maintain rational concentration by reducing the supply of secondary wind; The reduction of furnace temperature, the supply that ACC also can reduce secondary wind makes furnace temperature maintain rational temperature.
All control loop all drops into when automatic in the automatic control combustion control system of incinerator, by observing 24 hours historical data curves of main steam flow PV value, SV value, as shown in figure 13; 24 hours historical data curves of burn-out grate upper temp PV value, SV value, as shown in figure 14; 24 hours historical data curves of chamber flue gas temperature (being detained after 2 seconds) PV value, SV value, as shown in figure 15; 24 hours historical data curves of economizer exit oxygen content PV value, SV value, as shown in figure 16.As long as the PV value curve of these 4 parameters is to fluctuate, and is no more than high and low alarming value, illustrate that this control system has reached design object about setting value.
The basic mathematic model of setting up each control loop as basic data with the heat balance calculated description and the material balance calculated description of project technological design, determine the reference datas such as air quantity, secondary air flow of relevant delivery rate, each fire grate speed, wind-warm syndrome degree, secondary air temperature degree, wind flow, each section fire grate respectively according to the situation of concrete debugging, and at load variations, the changing value of above-mentioned each parameter when refuse thermal value changes.When calorific value changed, this system can regulate the stability that relevant device is kept combustion conditions automatically like this.
Main theory is calculated with the adjusting of each control loop as described below among the present invention:
Can calculate needed heat by the vapor stream value that is provided with, Lower heat value according to rubbish can calculate the weight of needed rubbish and the combustion air amount of needs, calculate the volume of the rubbish of needs according to the densitometer of rubbish, can calculate the speed of the rubbish supply of needs according to the area of garbage inlet, draw the reference speed of pusher motion, situation of burning on fire grate according to rubbish and the waste layer thickness speed of controlling each section fire grate respectively again is so can realize easily regulating the load of incinerator and keeping burn steadily by the setting that changes steam flow.
The control of setting value stably about steam flow, mainly transfer greatly or turn down by regulating combustion grate section air mass flow, the quickening of the responsiveness of shear knife or slow down, realization is to the promotion or the inhibition of incineration firing situation, and the rising of fire box temperature or reduction reach the stable control of steam flow.
About the control of rubbish bed thickness, as the control target, the rubbish bed thickness is maintained in the scope that is fit to burning by the speed of regulating pusher, dry fire grate, combustion grate according to the reasonable bed thickness of incinerator.
About the minimized control of hot burn decrement rate, by temperature measuring equipment being set in the burn-out grate section, monitor the burning degree of rubbish, if to herein rubbish also have a large amount of flammable branches, it is very vigorous to burn, temperature can uprise herein, by transferring big combustion air amount herein to promote burning, transfer the burning time of speed prolongation rubbish on fire grate of lingering cinder fire grate, the speed of transferring the slow combustion fire grate be rubbish on combustion grate, burn more fully, finally make the hot burn decrement rate of rubbish remain in the scope of design.
About reducing the generation control of pollutant, mainly contain 2 points: the one, control chamber flue gas temperature be not less than 850 ℃ 2 seconds, the 2nd, the oxygen content that control flue gas is in the scope of design.
Be not less than 850 ℃ of controls of 2 seconds about chamber flue gas temperature, calculate temperature after flue gas circulated 2 seconds according to the size of burner hearth and flue gas flow in burner hearth, temperature is as the control target, the start and stop by auxiliary burner and the adjusting of auxiliary burner diesel oil flow size guarantee chamber flue gas temperature be not less than 850 ℃ 2 seconds.
About the control of the oxygen content of flue gas, mainly control by the flow of secondary wind and the flow of burn-out grate section combustion air.Secondary wind can promote the further burning of flammable branch in the burner hearth flue gas, oxygen content control in the flue gas is played main effect, but the secondary air temperature degree is lower, when especially refuse thermal value is low, spray into secondary air flow and can make the incinerator temperature on the low side when big, can address this problem by the combustion air flow that increases the burn-out grate section.
At refuse thermal value problem on the low side, make rubbish burning well in stove, except the scheme of layer thickness control above-mentioned, we distribute rational air quantity also will for each section fire grate.According to the experience of domestic a plurality of incineration plant debugging, we have found out the allocation proportion of each section fire grate air quantity when refuse thermal value changes, and have arrived good application in a plurality of projects.
Realized at the house refuse calorific value on the low sidely, incinerator can be regulated and the target of stable operation automatically when calorific value changed, and improved the level of incinerator automatic combustion control, had significantly reduced operations staff's working strength.
Following is instantiation of the present invention:
Example 1. is 250t/d with the garbage treatment quantity, the waste-heat oven quantity of steam is that the incinerator of 20t/h is an example, when the Lower heat value of rubbish is 6200KJ/Kg, the steam setting value is 20t/h, rubbish bed thickness setting value is 0.5, burn-out grate upper temp setting value is 550 ℃, the fire box temperature setting value is 950 ℃, economizer exit oxygen content 7%, the pusher reference speed is 5.5m/h, dry fire grate, combustion grate, burn-out grate, the reference speed of shear knife is respectively 75s, 125s, 180s, 85s, one time wind-warm syndrome degree a reference value is 260 ℃, dry fire grate, combustion grate, the benchmark air quantity that burn-out grate is three sections is respectively 5.8km3N/h, 19.6km3N/h, 4.2km3N/h secondary air temperature degree a reference value is 40 ℃, the secondary air flow a reference value is 6.8km3N/h.
Example 2. is 300t/d with the garbage treatment quantity, the waste-heat oven quantity of steam is that the incinerator of 25t/h is an example, when the Lower heat value of rubbish is 6000KJ/Kg, the steam setting value is 22t/h, rubbish bed thickness setting value is 0.6, burn-out grate upper temp setting value is 550 ℃, the fire box temperature setting value is 950 ℃, economizer exit oxygen content 7%, the pusher reference speed is 3.5m/h, dry fire grate, combustion grate, burn-out grate, the reference speed of shear knife is respectively 45s, 80s, 200s, 120s, one time wind-warm syndrome degree a reference value is 200 ℃, dry fire grate, combustion grate, the benchmark air quantity that burn-out grate is three sections is respectively 6.8km3N/h, 24.6km3N/h, 7.2km3N/h secondary air temperature degree a reference value is 40 ℃, the secondary air flow a reference value is 7.8km3N/h.
Example 3. is 350t/d with the garbage treatment quantity, the waste-heat oven quantity of steam is that the incinerator of 35t/h is an example, when the Lower heat value of rubbish is 6100KJ/Kg, the steam setting value is 35t/h, rubbish bed thickness setting value is 0.5, burn-out grate upper temp setting value is 550 ℃, the fire box temperature setting value is 940 ℃, economizer exit oxygen content 7%, the pusher reference speed is 4.5m/h, dry fire grate, combustion grate, burn-out grate, the reference speed of shear knife is respectively 48s, 90s, 220s, 110s, one time wind-warm syndrome degree a reference value is 250 ℃, dry fire grate, combustion grate, the benchmark air quantity that burn-out grate is three sections is respectively 6.0km3N/h, 29.6km3N/h, 12.2km3N/h secondary air temperature degree a reference value is 40 ℃, the secondary air flow a reference value is 10.0km3N/h.
Example 4. is 400t/d with the garbage treatment quantity, the waste-heat oven quantity of steam is that the incinerator of 45t/h is an example, when the Lower heat value of rubbish is 6300KJ/Kg, the steam setting value is 45t/h, rubbish bed thickness setting value is 0.5, burn-out grate upper temp setting value is 570 ℃, the fire box temperature setting value is 970 ℃, economizer exit oxygen content 7%, the pusher reference speed is 5.3m/h, dry fire grate, combustion grate, burn-out grate, the reference speed of shear knife is respectively 62s, 89s, 190s, 70s, one time wind-warm syndrome degree a reference value is 200 ℃, dry fire grate, combustion grate, the benchmark air quantity that burn-out grate is three sections is respectively 9.0km3N/h, 36.4km3N/h, 15.4km3N/h secondary air temperature degree a reference value is 40 ℃, the secondary air flow a reference value is 7.8km3N/h.
Example 5. is 500t/d with the garbage treatment quantity, the waste-heat oven quantity of steam is that the incinerator of 54t/h is an example, when the Lower heat value of rubbish is 6500KJ/Kg, the steam setting value is 54t/h, rubbish bed thickness setting value is 0.5, burn-out grate upper temp setting value is 550 ℃, the fire box temperature setting value is 950 ℃, economizer exit oxygen content 7%, the pusher reference speed is 4.2m/h, dry fire grate, combustion grate, burn-out grate, the reference speed of shear knife is respectively 70s, 115s, 260s, 70s, one time wind-warm syndrome degree a reference value is 280 ℃, dry fire grate, combustion grate, the benchmark air quantity that burn-out grate is three sections is respectively 13km3N/h, 44km3N/h, 16km3N/h, secondary air temperature degree a reference value is 40 ℃, the secondary air flow a reference value is 12km3N/h.
Claims (1)
1. domestic waste incineration automatic combustion oxygen content of smoke gas control system, set up following control model with heat balance and material balance, by the Lower heat value X1 of rubbish is set, steam flow Fs, these three basic parameters of the density Vr of rubbish, design parameter or coefficient data in conjunction with incinerator self, by regulating the flow Fa of combustion air, the air distribution ratio F1 of each section of fire grate, F2, F3, the speed FDs of pusher and each section fire grate, DGs, MGs, BGs, the flow parameter of secondary wind, realize with control Boiler Steam stability of flow in setting value, hot burn decrement rate minimizes, and reduces these three automatic combustion control systems that main contents are target of generation of pollutant; Specifically being calculated as follows of above-mentioned control model:
1, Fs * C1 ÷ X1=Y1; Wherein:
Fs: steam flow setting value (unit: t/h);
C1: produce the heat (unit: MJ/t) that steam per ton needs;
X1: the Lower heat value setting value (unit: MJ/kg) of rubbish;
Y1: the quantity of refuse (unit: kg/h) that needs;
2, Y1 ÷ Vr ÷ W ÷ H=Fr; Wherein:
Vr: the density setting value (unit: t/m of rubbish
3);
W: pusher width (unit: m);
H: pusher entry level (unit: m);
Fr: feed reference speed (unit: m/h);
3, Fr * C2=FDs; Fr * C3=DGs; Fr * C4=MGs; Fr * C5=BGs; Wherein:
C2: pusher speed correction factor;
FDs: pusher speed (unit: m/h);
C3: dry fire grate speed correction factor;
DGs: dry fire grate speed (unit: m/h);
C4: combustion grate speed correction factor;
MGs: combustion grate speed (unit: m/h);
C5: burn-out grate speed correction factor;
BGs: burn-out grate speed (unit: m/h);
4, Fs * C1 * C6=Y2; Wherein:
Fs: steam flow setting value (unit: t/h);
C1: produce the heat (unit: MJ/t) that steam per ton needs;
C6: the air capacity (unit: km of the burning that the generation units of heat needs
3N/MJ);
Y2: the theoretical air requirement (unit: km that needs
3N/h);
5, Y2 * Rae=Fa; Wherein:
Y2: the theoretical air requirement (km that needs
3N/h);
Rae: the excess air coefficient of incinerator;
Fa: benchmark air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
6, Fa * C7=F1; Fa * C8=F2; Fa * C9=F3; Wherein:
Fa: benchmark air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
C7: drying oven emptying gas distribution coefficient;
F1: drying oven emptying throughput (unit: km
3N/h);
C8: combustion grate air distribution coefficient;
F2: combustion grate air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
C9: burn-out grate air distribution coefficient;
F3: burn-out grate air mass flow (unit: km
3N/h);
It is characterized in that, measure flue gas oxygen content,,, reduce the flow of secondary wind and the wind flow of burn-out grate section this moment if the flue gas oxygen content of measuring is higher according to setting value and deviation of measuring value by the oxygen content measurement instrument being installed in economizer exit; If the oxygen content flow of secondary wind and the wind flow of burn-out grate section of then increasing on the low side.
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| CN201310176020.XA CN103216835B (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | One way of life incinerator automatic combustion oxygen content of smoke gas control system |
| CN2012104957041A CN102927573B (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Automatic combustion control system of household refuse incinerator |
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| CN201310176042.6A Active CN103234208B (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | One way of life incinerator automatic combustion fire box temperature control system |
| CN2012104957041A Active CN102927573B (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Automatic combustion control system of household refuse incinerator |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103234208A (en) | 2013-08-07 |
| CN103216836B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| CN102927573A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| CN102927573B (en) | 2013-11-20 |
| CN103216836A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103234208B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| CN103216835B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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