Background technology
New-energy automobile is owing to its good economic and can alleviate the oil resources crisis, and its future development potentiality have caused people's great attention, and the regenerative brake function has now become a research focus as its key factor that improves economic performance.Braking energy reclaims and is meant at car deceleration or glancing impact, a part of mechanical energy of automobile is converted into the energy of other form by energy conversion device, and be stored in the closed-center system, produce a part of braking force simultaneously and realize the deceleration or the braking of automobile, when automobile started once more or quickens, the energy that energy conversion device will be stored in the energy accumulating device was converted to the needed kinetic energy of running car once more.
Research for brake energy recovering system mainly concentrates on abroad, and is domestic less to this research.The system that researches and develops in order to make can put into production as quickly as possible, the brake energy recovering system that offshore company developed is mostly based on existing hydraulic efficiency governing unit, realize that by additional device braking energy reclaims function, Chinese patent publication No. as Nissan Motor is CN102224044A, date of publication is on October 19th, 2011, and denomination of invention is " control method of brake equipment and brake equipment "; The Chinese patent publication No. of Robert Bosch Co., Ltd is CN102501841A, and date of publication is on June 20th, 2012, and denomination of invention is " actuation unit and the method for operation thereof that are used for hydraulic brake system "; Though these systems can realize the function that braking energy reclaims, it all is to increase some mechanisms on the basis of existing hydraulic efficiency governing unit, and is more more complex than existing traditional braking system, and cost is higher.Also there is company to abandon existing hydraulic efficiency governing unit at present, design the brand-new brake system that is applicable to that braking energy reclaims, Chinese patent publication No. as Toyota Motor Corporation rep. is CN102470833A, date of publication is on May 23rd, 2012, denomination of invention is " braking force control system and a brake control method ", the above system architecture compactness of this brake system, but used more electromagnetic valve, still show complicated slightly.
How the existing brake equipment that is applicable to that braking energy reclaims increases other parts on the basis of traditional E SC valve, reclaim function though can realize braking energy preferably, this brake device structure complexity, and cost is higher; And the domestic not gordian technique of ESC valve on top of, Kai Fa brake equipment still will depend on foreign country on its basis, therefore be necessary to develop a kind of device of own intellectual property, make its amount of parts less, simple in structure, realize pedal sense simulation and pressure control, so not only can realize the function of brake energy recovering system, can also guarantee the reliability of brake energy recovering system.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the problem that has overcome that there is complex structure in prior art, cost is higher and depended on foreign country, and a kind of braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the described braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles includes mechanics, and described mechanics includes brake pedal, master brake cylinder, liquid storing cup, by pass valve, high pressure accumulator, the motor Hydraulic Pump, stroke simulator, an electromagnetic valve, No. two electromagnetic valves, No. three electromagnetic valves, No. four electromagnetic valves, No. five electromagnetic valves, No. six electromagnetic valves, No. seven electromagnetic valves, No. eight electromagnetic valves, No. nine electromagnetic valves, No. ten electromagnetic valves, the ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve, the near front wheel wheel cylinder, the off front wheel wheel cylinder, left rear wheel wheel cylinder and off hind wheel wheel cylinder.The ante-chamber outlet M of described master brake cylinder is connected with the p mouth pipeline of an electromagnetic valve with No. two electromagnetic valves, the a mouth of an electromagnetic valve is connected with the interface C pipeline of stroke simulator, the a mouth of No. two electromagnetic valves is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. nine electromagnetic valves with No. eight electromagnetic valves, the a mouth of No. eight electromagnetic valves is connected with the near front wheel wheel cylinder pipeline, and a mouth of No. nine electromagnetic valves is connected with off front wheel wheel cylinder pipeline.The a mouth of No. two electromagnetic valves is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. six electromagnetic valves with a mouth of No. four electromagnetic valves, and a mouth of No. six electromagnetic valves is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of motor Hydraulic Pump, and a mouth of No. six electromagnetic valves and the oil outlet of by pass valve are connected with the oil inlet pipeline of liquid storing cup.
The back cavity outlet N of master brake cylinder is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. three electromagnetic valves, the a mouth of No. three electromagnetic valves is connected with the p mouth pipeline of ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve with No. ten electromagnetic valves, the a mouth of No. ten electromagnetic valves is connected with left rear wheel wheel cylinder pipeline, and a mouth of ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve is connected with the off hind wheel wheel cylinder.The a mouth of No. three electromagnetic valves is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. seven electromagnetic valves with a mouth of No. five electromagnetic valves, the a mouth of No. seven electromagnetic valves is connected with a mouth pipeline of No. six electromagnetic valves, the oil inlet of by pass valve is connected with the oil outlet pipeline of the oil outlet of high pressure accumulator and motor Hydraulic Pump, and the oil outlet of high pressure accumulator is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. five electromagnetic valves with No. four electromagnetic valves.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles of the present invention has guaranteed can cut off hydraulic tubing between master cylinder and the wheel cylinder from structure braking procedure, make when chaufeur is stepped on brake pedal, braking liquid in the master cylinder can not flow into brake wheel cylinder, but in the inflow pedal simulator, utilize the spring in the pedal simulator and the counter-force drive simulating person brake pedal feel of piston, and brake wheel cylinder supercharging time braking fluid is from high pressure accumulator, braking fluid is directly got back to liquid storing cup during decompression, therefore fluid in the brake wheel cylinder and master cylinder are irrelevant, and this pedal sense that has guaranteed chaufeur in hydraulic braking force and the motor braking power coordination process does not change.
2. the braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles of the present invention utilizes high pressure accumulator that wheel cylinder is carried out supercharging, fluid when being the wheel cylinder supercharging in the high pressure accumulator enters brake wheel cylinder, because oil liquid pressure and maximum fluid in the high pressure accumulator are bigger by flow, can improve the maximum braking force and the rate of pressurization of brake system, strengthen braking effect; During the wheel cylinder decompression, braking liquid in the wheel cylinder flows directly into liquid storing cup by brake piping and valve, because the brake fluid pressure in the liquid storing cup is less all the time, requirement in the time of can satisfying the wheel cylinder decompression to maximum decompression rate, therefore can cancel the motor Hydraulic Pump in the traditional braking system, simplify brake equipment.
3. the braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles of the present invention adopts antero posterior axis hydraulic pressure independently to control, and the variation and the rear axle wheel cylinder of brake fluid pressure are separate in two brake wheel cylinders of front axle, do not disturb mutually.And braking energy reclaims in the course of the work, need the brake fluid pressure in the antero posterior axis wheel cylinder be controlled respectively according to different braking requirement, so the front and back hydraulic pressure independence control of adopting among the present invention can be satisfied the requirement that braking energy reclaims function.The present invention has utilized less electromagnetic valve can guarantee the requirement of brake energy recovering system to hydraulic brake system, and is simple in structure.
4. the braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles of the present invention can be installed in the brake system of hybrid vehicle and electronlmobil, by accurate brake-pressure regulation, can allow hydraulic braking and motor braking better fit, farthest bring into play the ability of motor regenerative brake, significantly promote the economy of hybrid vehicle and electronlmobil.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is explained in detail:
Consult Fig. 1, the braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles of the present invention includes mechanics and control part.Described mechanics includes brake pedal 1, master brake cylinder 2, liquid storing cup 3, by pass valve 4, high pressure accumulator 5, motor Hydraulic Pump 6, stroke simulator 7, electromagnetic valve 8, No. two electromagnetic valves 9, No. three electromagnetic valves 10, No. four electromagnetic valves 11, No. five electromagnetic valves 12, No. six electromagnetic valves 13, No. seven electromagnetic valves 14, No. eight electromagnetic valves 15, No. nine electromagnetic valves 16, No. ten electromagnetic valves 17, ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve 18, the near front wheel wheel cylinder 31, off front wheel wheel cylinder 32, left rear wheel wheel cylinder 33 and off hind wheel wheel cylinder 34.Described control part includes drive motor 19, entire car controller 20, brake controller 21, pressure sensor 22, No. two pressure sensors 23, No. three pressure sensors 24, No. four pressure sensors 25, No. five pressure sensors 26, No. six pressure sensors 27, No. seven pressure sensors 28, No. eight pressure sensors 29 and pedal stroke simulator 30.
Described brake pedal 1 one (on) end is fixed on the vehicle body, brake pedal 1 one (on) piston rod right side contact in left surface and the master brake cylinder 2 of end is connected, the oil inlet and outlet of liquid storing cup 3 is connected with the oil inlet and outlet pipeline of master brake cylinder 2.The ante-chamber outlet M of master brake cylinder 2 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. two electromagnetic valves 9, and the M of the ante-chamber of master brake cylinder 2 outlet simultaneously is connected with the p mouth pipeline of an electromagnetic valve 8; The a mouth of an electromagnetic valve 8 is connected with the interface C pipeline of stroke simulator 7; The a mouth of No. two electromagnetic valves 9 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. eight electromagnetic valves 15, the a mouth of No. eight electromagnetic valves 15 is connected with the near front wheel wheel cylinder 31, the a mouth of No. two electromagnetic valves 9 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. nine electromagnetic valves 16 simultaneously, and a mouth of No. nine electromagnetic valves 16 is connected with off front wheel wheel cylinder 32; The a mouth of No. two electromagnetic valves 9 is connected with a mouth pipeline of No. four electromagnetic valves 11, the a mouth of No. two electromagnetic valves 9 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. six electromagnetic valves 13 simultaneously, the a mouth of No. six electromagnetic valves 13 is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of motor Hydraulic Pump 6, the a mouth of No. six electromagnetic valves 13 is connected with the oil outlet pipeline of by pass valve 4, and a mouth of No. six electromagnetic valves 13 is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of liquid storing cup 3.
The back cavity outlet N of master brake cylinder 2 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. three electromagnetic valves 10.The a mouth of No. three electromagnetic valves 10 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. ten electromagnetic valves 17, the a mouth of No. ten electromagnetic valves 17 is connected with left rear wheel wheel cylinder 33, the a mouth of No. three electromagnetic valves 10 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve 18 simultaneously, and a mouth of ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve 18 is connected with off hind wheel wheel cylinder 34; The a mouth of No. three electromagnetic valves 10 is connected with a mouth pipeline of No. five electromagnetic valves 12, and a mouth of No. three electromagnetic valves 10 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. seven electromagnetic valves 14 simultaneously, and a mouth of No. seven electromagnetic valves 14 is connected with a mouth pipeline of No. six electromagnetic valves 13.The oil inlet of by pass valve 4, the oil outlet pipeline of the oil outlet of high pressure accumulator 5 and motor Hydraulic Pump 6 is connected.The oil outlet of high pressure accumulator 5 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. four electromagnetic valves 11, and the oil outlet of high pressure accumulator 5 is connected with the p mouth pipeline of No. five electromagnetic valves 12 simultaneously.
At high pressure accumulator 5 oil outlets pressure sensor 22 is set No. one, between master brake cylinder back cavity outlet N and No. three electromagnetic valves 10, pressure sensor 23 is set No. two, at No. three electromagnetic valves 10 and No. ten electromagnetic valve 17(or ride on Bus No. 11 valve 18) between pressure sensor 24 is set No. three, at No. two electromagnetic valves 9 and No. eight electromagnetic valve 15(or No. nine electromagnetic valves 16) between pressure sensor 25 is set No. four, between No. eight electromagnetic valves 15 and wheel cylinder 31, pressure sensor 26 is set No. five, between No. nine electromagnetic valves 16 and wheel cylinder 32, pressure sensor 27 is set No. six, between No. ten electromagnetic valves 17 and wheel cylinder 33, pressure sensor 28 is set No. seven, pressure sensor 29 is set No. eight between ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve 18 and wheel cylinder 34.Stroke sensor 30 is set on brake pedal 1.
Motor Hydraulic Pump 6, No. one electromagnetic valve valve 8 to ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve 18 is controlled by brake controller 21, the signal that pressure sensor 22 to stroke sensor 30 collects all is delivered to brake controller 21 and carries out analytical calculation, and brake controller 21 is realized the regenerative brake function with entire car controller 20 communications.
Consult Fig. 2, described stroke simulator 7 includes: little spring 36, big spring 37, end cap 38, big spring seat 39, submissile spring abutment 40, piston 41 and cylinder body 42.
Piston 41 is packed into from the open end of the piston hole of cylinder body 42, and preceding (right side) end of piston forms semi-enclosed chamber with piston hole, and promptly hydraulic cavities 35, can store braking liquid, and the oil duct C of hydraulic cavities 35 leads to extraneous oil circuit.Piston 41 back (left side) ends are subjected to the elastic force of spring, and its front end is pressed onto on the cylinder body 42.Back (left side) end of piston 41 is little spring 36 successively, submissile spring abutment 40, big spring seat 39, big spring 37 and end cap 38.Little spring 36 is between piston 41 and the submissile spring abutment 40, and little spring 36 is enclosed within on the projection of submissile spring abutment 40.Submissile spring abutment 40 other ends contact with big spring seat 39, and the two is a Fu, can be designed as disjunctor, become a part.Big spring 37 is between big spring seat 39 and the end cap 38, is enclosed within on the projection of big spring seat 39.Big little spring is installed with the form of polyphone.End cap 38 is subjected to the reverse elastic force of big spring, and end cap does not have the leak free requirement, can be fixed on end cap 38 on the cylinder body 42 by jump ring.
When chaufeur was stepped on brake pedal 1, the braking liquid in the master brake cylinder 2 entered in the hydraulic cavities 35 by oil duct C, promoted piston 41, and little spring 36 and big spring 37 are compressed.Compressed spring produces counter-force, and is delivered on the brake pedal 1 by braking liquid, and the treadle effort power that chaufeur is experienced is identical with the traditional braking system.
A kind of working process of the braking force control system that is applied to Recovering Waste Energy of Braking in Automobiles is as follows:
Gather a pressure sensor 22 by brake controller (BCU) 21 in the braking procedure, No. two pressure sensors 23, No. three pressure sensors 24, No. four pressure sensors 25, No. five pressure sensors 26, No. six pressure sensors 27, No. seven pressure sensors 28, the signal of No. eight pressure sensors 29 and pedal stroke simulator 30, and by entire car controller 21(HCU) obtain the maximum braking force Tm0 that drive motor 19 can produce, brake controller (BCU) 21 is through calculating the braking intention that identifies chaufeur, and obtain antero posterior axis target hydraulic braking force T1, T2 and target motor braking power Tm.Antero posterior axis target hydraulic braking force T1 and T2 are obtained by brake controller (BCU) 21 direct control electromagnetic valve 8-18 and motor Hydraulic Pump 6, target motor braking power Tm sends entire car controller (HCU) 20 to by brake controller (BCU) 21, and is obtained by entire car controller (HCU) 20 controlling and driving motors (M) 19.
When current axis needs supercharging, No. four electromagnetic valves 11 of brake controller (BCU) 21 controls are opened, No. six electromagnetic valve 13 is closed, make the high-voltage oil liquid in the high pressure accumulator enter the front-wheel wheel cylinder, when rear axle needs supercharging, No. five electromagnetic valves 12 of brake controller (BCU) 21 controls are opened, and No. seven electromagnetic valve 14 is closed, and makes the high-voltage oil liquid in the high pressure accumulator enter the trailing wheel wheel cylinder; When current axis needs pressurize, brake controller (BCU) 21 No. four electromagnetic valves 11 of control and No. six electromagnetic valves 13 are closed, and preceding axle pressure remains unchanged, when rear axle needs pressurize, brake controller (BCU) 21 No. five electromagnetic valves 12 of control and No. seven electromagnetic valves 14 are closed, and back axle pressure remains unchanged; When current axis need reduce brake-pressure, No. four electromagnetic valves 11 of brake controller (BCU) 21 controls are closed, No. six electromagnetic valve 13 is opened, braking liquid in the front axle wheel cylinder enters liquid storing cup 3 by No. six electromagnetic valves 13, when rear axle need reduce brake-pressure, No. five electromagnetic valves 12 of brake controller (BCU) 21 controls are closed, and No. seven electromagnetic valve 14 is opened, and the braking liquid in the rear axle wheel cylinder enters fluid cup 3 by No. seven electromagnetic valves 14.
No. eight electromagnetic valves 15 are used for controlling two pressure of wheel braking cylinder of front axle with No. nine electromagnetic valves 16 as the pressure of wheel braking cylinder control cock to be changed with different rate of changes, and No. ten electromagnetic valves 17 are used for realizing that as the pressure of wheel braking cylinder control cock two pressure of wheel braking cylinder of rear axle change with different rate of changes with ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve 18.For example, current axis two wheel cylinder the near front wheel cylinders 31 need supercharging and simultaneously right front wheel cylinder 32 needs when reducing pressure, and close No. nine electromagnetic valves 16 of off front wheel wheel cylinder 32 earlier, open electromagnetic valve 11 No. four, make 31 superchargings of the near front wheel wheel cylinder; After treating that the near front wheel wheel cylinder 31 pressure change to expected value, No. eight electromagnetic valve 15 is closed, and No. four electromagnetic valve 11 is closed, and No. nine electromagnetic valve 16 is opened, and No. six electromagnetic valve 13 is opened, and makes 32 decompressions of off front wheel wheel cylinder.
For above all braking modes, fluid during its supercharging all comes from high pressure accumulator 5, and when decompression fluid directly flow back to liquid storing cup 3, its supercharging, pressurize and decompression process all with master cylinder in pressure independent, therefore in the braking procedure, the variation of pressure of wheel braking cylinder can not cause the uncomfortable property of driver pedal sensation.
When electric system lost efficacy, all electromagnetic valves and electric-motor pump all are failure to actuate, high pressure oil in the high pressure accumulator can't be given the wheel cylinder supercharging, at this moment chaufeur is stepped on brake pedal 1, fluid in the master cylinder can arrive front axle and rear axle wheel cylinder 31-34 respectively by No. two electromagnetic valves 9 and No. three electromagnetism 10, produces braking force.Therefore this brake equipment still can be realized braking function when electric system loses efficacy, and made car deceleration or parking, satisfied laws and regulations requirement.
When the brake fluid pressure in the high pressure accumulator 5 was lower than low pressure threshold value P1, Hydraulic Pump 6 was started working, and braking liquid is extracted in the high pressure accumulator 5 from liquid storing cup 3, made the brake fluid pressure in the high pressure accumulator 5 remain effective operation pressure; When the brake fluid pressure in the high pressure accumulator 5 is higher than high-pressure door limit value P2, braking liquid in the high pressure accumulator 5 can be opened by pass valve 4, enters in the liquid storing cup 3, thus the brake fluid pressure in the reduction high pressure accumulator 5, avoid hypertonia, and damage high pressure accumulator 5.
The brake energy recovering system scheme that the present invention proposes can obtain the brake pedal feel identical with traditional vehicle, this be because:
The brake system scheme that the present invention proposes is in braking procedure, and No. two electromagnetic valves 9 and No. three electromagnetic valves 10 are closed, and has cut off being connected between master cylinder and the wheel cylinder, and promptly to change be independence separately to the pressure of master cylinder and wheel cylinder, is independent of each other; And form the brake pedal feel that simulator 7 can drive simulating person, electromagnetic valve 8 of glancing impact is opened, braking liquid in the master cylinder 2 enters in the stroke simulator 7 through an electromagnetic valve 8, stroke simulator applies counter-force, drive simulating person's pedal sense, when loosen the brake, braking liquid flows back to the master cylinder 2 through an electromagnetic valve 8 from stroke simulator 7, makes driver pedal feel comfortable.
By above explanation as can be seen, braking liquid by No. seven electromagnetic valves 14 of No. four electromagnetic valve 11-has only a flow direction, and two flow directions are arranged by the braking liquid of No. three electromagnetic valves 10 of an electromagnetic valve 8-and No. eight electromagnetic valve 15-ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valves 18, therefore in the electromagnetic valve among Fig. 1, arrow on No. seven electromagnetic valve 14 icons of No. two electromagnetic valve 9-is a unidirectional arrow, and the arrow on electromagnetic valve 8 and No. eight electromagnetic valve 15-ride on Bus No. 11 electromagnetic valve 18 icons is a four-headed arrow.
The various embodiments described above only are used to illustrate the present invention, the structure of each parts wherein, and connection modes etc. all can change to some extent, and every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement all should not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.