CN103210752A - Watermelon-rice interplanting method - Google Patents
Watermelon-rice interplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103210752A CN103210752A CN2012104074823A CN201210407482A CN103210752A CN 103210752 A CN103210752 A CN 103210752A CN 2012104074823 A CN2012104074823 A CN 2012104074823A CN 201210407482 A CN201210407482 A CN 201210407482A CN 103210752 A CN103210752 A CN 103210752A
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Abstract
The invention provides a watermelon-rice interplanting method. The watermelon and the rice are simultaneously interplanted in the same patch. The watermelon-rice interplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1, selecting the patch suitable for paddy-upland planting to deep tillage and freeze furrows before winter, and selecting the proper rice, watermelon and stock varieties; 2, preparing the land and fertilizing in the spring ploughing season, sowing rice and covering a mulching film after moisture in the soil is flat, soil is fine and three grooves are assorted, and ensuring that rice seedlings are completely sprouted after humidity sowing is carried out for 10-15 days; 3, transplanting and planting the watermelon seedling which is well sown, cultured and grafted in advance on the center of the humidity surface of a mulching film, and ensuring that the all-field farming focuses on the routine management of the watermelon; and 4, after the watermelon is harvested, transferring the field management into a mode that the rice management is focused until the rice is harvested. According to the watermelon-rice interplanting technology, the stubble clearout problem due to the fact that two crops are planted in sequence is solved, the input-output ratio of the unit patch is greatly improved, labor, water and fertilizer are saved, the soil is nourished, the watermelon can be protected and reserved by the rice, the rice seedling is strong, and the yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proportion of crop planting method, design a kind of watermelon-paddy rice interplanting method especially, supporting plantation watermelon of while and paddy rice in same plot.
Background technology
For a long time, the watermelon drought is planted cultivation and can not be caused grain-production and economic crops not to take into account with the traditional concept of planting a field with the rice transplanting cultivation, and then benefit can not promote synchronously.The custom that melon stubble paddy rice is planted at vast kind of melon grower family is dominated the rural area all the time, and the mulch film watermelon concluding time is general all before and after July 25, part field piece is aspermous watermelon even be deferred to about August 5 especially, problems such as " it are slow to rise stubble; plant late; the length of time rice seedlings grow is excessive, output is low excessively " is perplexing wide farmers all the time.And prior art mostly is watermelon, paddy rice is in the plantation in turn of same plot floods and droughts, two kinds of crop-planting times do not intersect, greenhouse watermelon-rice high efficient culture technique (modern agriculture science and technology of delivering such as Zhou Yu for example, 2010 the 16th phases, p143-144) and rape-watermelon of delivering of Sun Zhide-paddy rice interplanting efficiency cultivation technology for high (modern horticultural, 2009 the 3rd phases, p41-42), though this floods and droughts connects the problems such as fusarium wilt that pattern can solve watermelon of doing, but two kinds of crop-planting cycles are long, two kinds of crop field management are independent mutually, can't complement one another, and can not improve the input-output ratio in plot.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of melon rice interplanting technology is provided, and intersects in same plot and plants two kinds of crops, addresses the above problem, and improves rice yield simultaneously.
For solving above technical problem, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of watermelon-paddy rice interplanting method, supporting plantation watermelon of while and paddy rice in same plot is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) selects suitable plot, paddy rice, watermelon and stock variety;
2) site preparation and fertilization accomplishes that the moisture in the soil grading is thin, sows the paddy rice epiphragma immediately after three ditches are supporting, and rice shoot wants timely rupture of membranes put seedling in the film, checks the growth of cereal crop seedlings simultaneously, and it is rare to move thick benefit, treats that moisture in the soil broadcasts the 10-15 days rice shoots in back and all sprout;
3) will shift to an earlier date the moisture in the soil face center of the good watermelon melon transplantation of seedlings field planting of seeding and seedling raising, grafting at overlay film, full field, back farming is the center with the watermelon Routine Management;
4) field management of watermelon results back shift become the paddy rice management for central straight to paddy rice harvesting.
The suitable plot of described step 1) is the suitable plot of floods and droughts two, and ploughs deeply before winter and freeze the ridge.
Wherein, to be hoe the soil or preceding stubble lay particular stress on the plot of generation for peanut, sweet potato, beans soil insect in described plot, adopts Le Siben spray plantation row or period poison bait soil insect.
In the described step 1) variety of watermelon select about 105 days breeding times in late-maturing high yield, high-quality aspermous watermelon kind; Described stock variety selective affinity is strong, and growth potential is prosperous, and disease resistance is good, the kind that quality is had no adverse effects.
Described step 2) the wide 2.5-2.7m of the moisture in the soil that obtains described in wholely, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm.
Described step 2) it is capable that the every moisture in the soil of rice growing described in is broadcast 7-9, and mu is broadcast the first two day seed rice was shone 1-2 days with kind of a 1.25-1.5kg, paddy rice, and roguing is raised only.
The transplanting density of the every moisture in the soil of watermelon described in the described step 3) determines according to training type: the no seed melon seedling of not pruning is planted the 280-350 strain, and the mu of three climing trainings is planted the 380-450 strain.
The watermelon Routine Management of described step 3) comprise watermelon live after 7-10 days artificial weedings once, continuous quadratic is pollinated, is decided melon later on, topdresses, preventing disease pest control gathers in the crops until watermelon.
Remove crop smothering in the described step 4) after the results watermelon earlier, mu use 50% is killed barnyard grass king 60-80g and is converted water 50kg spraying.Poured water into the field in 1-2 days after the dispenser, impose about urea 5kg according to the paddy rice growth of cereal crop seedlings simultaneously.
The management of paddy rice described in the described step 4) is the control rice pest, is preferably the cut phase of paddy rice control paddy stem borer.
According to melon rice of the present invention interplanting technology, following some advantage is arranged: 1) solve and rise a batch problem, avoided transplanting seedlings or solar term can not transplant seedlings and because of the drought resisting problems such as causing the input-output ratio imbalance of transplanting seedlings.2) rice shoot is strong, the output height: paddy rice is in drought all the time and plants state, well developed root system in earlier stage, capacity for the resistance to lodging is strong, drilling is big in the ranks, and the later stage tillers into fringe and increases, and ripening rate improves, thereby performance high yield potential, about 15 effective fringes of general every Cong Pingjun, ripening rate improves 5-6% simultaneously, and this is also with big in the ranks, the plant compensatory capacity strengthens, and row advantage raising in limit is proportionate.3) saving of labor, water-saving, be convenient to management: plant the three summer jobs season of melon stubble rice on the occasion of " summer harvest, summer sowing, summer plant ", hot weather hot summer weather, solarization in following steamings, labour intensity is big, and labor service is heavy.And melon rice interplanting mu is economized 7.5-11 man-hour at least than the paddy rice conventional cultivation, and avoid farming busy " three summer jobs " season, peasant's labour intensity and workload have been alleviated, the mu water is about 150 tons simultaneously, routine is planted nearly 300 tons of 450 tons of left and right sides water-savings of paddy rice mu water, and need only control worm 1-2 time, save the agricultural chemicals input.Later stage is when controlling worm, the neat chest of conventional cultivation paddy rice Cong Shen, earth subsidence blade tip, operating difficulties.And melon cover rice need only get final product along the dead furrow operation, and is convenient and swift, generally can improve work efficiency 3-5 doubly than routine.4) go after profits and advoid disadvantages.Routine is planted paddy rice, and blooming stage or booting stage, the elevated temperature heat evil happened occasionally at the beginning of 9 months late Augusts of my ground high temperature and heating summer.And melon cover rice is postponed the paddy rice growing process artificially, avoids the influence of elevated temperature heat evil.5) protect melon and protect melon: melon is stretched the climing phase, and melon must depend on paddy rice, needn't manually keep down the vines of a creeping plant; Later stage watermelon maturation is avoided the sun and is exposed to the sun, and paddy rice then provides the good condition of covering.6) economizing fertilizer increases soil fertility: because the watermelon growing phase is used a large amount of fertilizer, fertile foot is imitated long, balanced in nutrition, and the rice of can supplying water is used, and paddy rice is applying fertilizer again.The climing also field of melon increases soil organic matter content simultaneously, improves soil structure, increases soil fertility.Paddy soil plow layer pine after the plantation watermelon, tilth is good, the permeability of soil makes moderate progress, help the activity of microorganism and decomposition, the conversion of nutrient, the more common rice field of the content of organic matter in the soil increases by 3.6% according to surveying and determination, available phosphorus contents has increased by 59%, and quick-acting potassium content has increased by 42%, and total nitrogen content has increased by 13.6%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done further expansion explanation, but it is pointed out that invention of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, the scope that these embodiment do not limit the present invention in any way.Some change that those skilled in the art has done within the scope of the claims and adjust also should be thought and belongs to scope of the present invention.
A kind of watermelon of the present invention-paddy rice interplanting method, supporting plantation watermelon of while and paddy rice in same plot may further comprise the steps:
1) selects suitable plot, paddy rice, watermelon and stock variety.
Select floods and droughts two suitable plot, ploughed deeply with Rotary tillage rake before the winter and freeze the ridge.Lay particular stress on the plot of generation if the plot is hoe the soil or preceding stubble for peanut, sweet potato, beans soil insect, adopt Le Siben spray plantation row or period poison bait soil insect.The various rice varieties that rice varieties can be selected from suitable local cultivation all can, the general selection includes but not limited to assist major clique row, II major clique row, as assist that excellent 59, II is excellent 718, II is excellent 98, bright excellent 98, association is excellent 57, association excellent 7954 etc.Variety of watermelon generally select about 105 days breeding times in late-maturing high yield, high-quality aspermous watermelon kind, as include but not limited to black precious No. two, black precious No. three, the anti-no seed of Zheng No. six, No. eight etc.The stock variety selective affinity is strong, and growth potential is prosperous, and disease resistance is good, the kind that quality is had no adverse effects, as include but not limited to super rich F1, super rich 8488, bottle gourd etc.
2) site preparation and fertilization accomplishes that the moisture in the soil grading is thin, sows the paddy rice epiphragma immediately after three ditches are supporting, and rice shoot wants timely rupture of membranes put seedling in the film, checks the growth of cereal crop seedlings simultaneously, and it is rare to move thick benefit, treats that moisture in the soil broadcasts the 10-15 days rice shoots in back and all sprout.
Put in order ground under the situation preferably in soil moisture content, preferably carry out behind the rain.The normal climate condition is whole ground about April 20.Select fertilizer for use according to surveying native result, general mu uses compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (45 content) 50kg, potassium sulphate 10kg, and boron fertilizer 1kg, zinc fertilizer 1kg, dried poultrymanure 250kg, spread fertilizer over the fields in full field.Turn over once with Rotary tillage rake, plough thin leveling with farm machinery then, accomplish that the moisture in the soil grading is thin, three ditches are supporting.The wide 2.5-2.7m of moisture in the soil, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm.Finish to sow immediately paddy rice wholely.Seed rice day shines seed rice 1-2 days broadcasting the first two, and roguing is raised standby only, and mu is with kind of a 1.25-1.5kg.Can select the drilling machine of sown scope 1.3m, use six agricultural machinery to be used as power, 30-35cm mixes up sowing by line-spacing.It is capable that every moisture in the soil is broadcast 7-9, and mu is with planting a 1.25-1.5kg.Broadcasting the back all sprouts by planting melon requirement 10-15 days rice shoots after moisture in the soil is broadcast.Rice shoot wants timely rupture of membranes put seedling in the film, checks the growth of cereal crop seedlings simultaneously, and it is rare to move thick benefit.
3) will shift to an earlier date the moisture in the soil face center of the good watermelon melon transplantation of seedlings field planting of seeding and seedling raising, grafting at overlay film, full field, back farming is the center with the watermelon Routine Management.
Watermelon is the beginning seeding and seedling raising before and after March 15, and grafting before and after 20-25 day in March was transplanted before and after the 25-5 month in April 5.The field planting of melon seedling is in the moisture in the soil face center of overlay film.Transplanting density determines according to training type: the no seed melon seedling of not pruning is planted the 280-350 strain, and the mu of three climing trainings is planted the 380-450 strain.After watermelon was planted, full field farming was the center with the watermelon Routine Management.After watermelon is lived 7-10 days artificial weedings once, continuous quadratic.At the beginning of general 25 days to 6 months May, watermelon enters to be stretched the climing phase, just in time depends on paddy rice, exempts the program of keeping down the vines of a creeping plant.Pollinate, decide melon later on, topdress, melon patch Routine Management such as preventing disease pest control.
4) field management of watermelon results back shift become the paddy rice management for central straight to paddy rice harvesting.
Watermelon harvest home before and after July 20, part field piece may extend to August 5 extremely by the end of July, field management transfer become the paddy rice management and are the center.At first solve crop smothering during this period.Mu use 50% is killed barnyard grass king (50% dichloro quinolinic acid wetting powder) 60-80g and is converted water 50kg spraying.Poured water into the field in 1-2 days after the dispenser, impose about urea 5kg according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings simultaneously.
Also will in time prevent and treat rice pest, the demonstration result in several years shows that the paddy rice of melon ground interplanting does not have disease to take place substantially, and the peak that takes place of conventional insect pest mistake, need only prevent and treat paddy stem borer in the cut phase of paddy rice and get final product.Harvesting on September 25 to October 10 paddy rice.
Embodiment 1
By 22 mu of abovementioned steps demonstration plants, watermelon average yield per mu 3500kg, paddy rice is assisted excellent 57 fields to survey and produces: 1.4 ten thousand clumps of average mus, every clump 14 fringe, 176 of every fringes, ripening rate 74.6%, thousand kernel weight 27g, theoretical yield 694.8kg, the real 549.2kg that receives.Than the single cropping semilate rice volume increase same period 9.3%, melon stubble rice is increased production more than 35%.
Embodiment 2
By 76 mu of the excellent 7954 interplanting aspermous watermelon areas of abovementioned steps demonstration association, survey and produce the result: average every mu of theoretical yield 713.3kg, than 132 mu of single cropping semilate rice volume increase same period demonstrations in 14.3%, 2008 year, on average than the single cropping semilate rice volume increase same period 21.4%.
Although above the specific embodiment of the present invention has been given to describe in detail and explanation; but what should indicate is; we can carry out various equivalences to above-mentioned embodiment according to conception of the present invention and change and modification; when the function that it produced does not exceed spiritual that specification contains yet, all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. watermelon-paddy rice interplanting method, supporting plantation watermelon and paddy rice simultaneously in same plot is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) selects suitable plot, paddy rice, watermelon and stock variety;
2) site preparation and fertilization accomplishes that the moisture in the soil grading is thin, sows the paddy rice epiphragma immediately after three ditches are supporting, and rice shoot wants timely rupture of membranes put seedling in the film, checks the growth of cereal crop seedlings simultaneously, and it is rare to move thick benefit, treats that moisture in the soil broadcasts the 10-15 days rice shoots in back and all sprout;
3) will shift to an earlier date the moisture in the soil face center of the good watermelon melon transplantation of seedlings field planting of seeding and seedling raising, grafting at overlay film, full field, back farming is the center with the watermelon Routine Management;
4) field management of watermelon results back shift become the paddy rice management for central straight to paddy rice harvesting.
2. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method, the suitable plot that it is characterized in that described step 1) are the suitable plot of floods and droughts two, and plough deeply before winter and freeze the ridge.
3. watermelon according to claim 2-paddy rice interplanting method is characterized in that described plot is hoe the soil or preceding stubble and lays particular stress on the plot of generation for peanut, sweet potato, beans soil insect, adopts Le Siben spray plantation row or period poison bait soil insect.
4. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method, it is characterized in that variety of watermelon in the described step 1) select about 105 days breeding times in late-maturing high yield, high-quality aspermous watermelon kind; Described stock variety selective affinity is strong, and growth potential is prosperous, and disease resistance is good, the kind that quality is had no adverse effects.
5. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method is characterized in that described step 2) described in the wide 2.5-2.7m of moisture in the soil that obtains wholely, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm.
6. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method is characterized in that described step 2) described in the every moisture in the soil of rice growing to broadcast 7-9 capable, mu is broadcast the first two day seed rice was shone 1-2 days with kind of a 1.25-1.5kg, paddy rice, roguing is raised only.
7. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method is characterized in that the transplanting density of the every moisture in the soil of watermelon described in the described step 3) determines according to training type: the no seed melon seedling of not pruning is planted the 280-350 strain, and the mu of three climing trainings is planted the 380-450 strain.
8. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method, the watermelon Routine Management that it is characterized in that described step 3) comprise watermelon live after 7-10 days artificial weedings once, continuous quadratic is pollinated, is decided melon later on, topdresses, preventing disease pest control gathers in the crops until watermelon.
9. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method is characterized in that removing crop smothering in the described step 4) after the results watermelon earlier, and mu use 50% is killed barnyard grass king 60-80g and converted water 50kg spraying.Poured water into the field in 1-2 days after the dispenser, impose about urea 5kg according to the paddy rice growth of cereal crop seedlings simultaneously.
10. watermelon according to claim 1-paddy rice interplanting method is characterized in that the management of paddy rice described in the described step 4) is the control rice pest, is preferably the cut phase of paddy rice control paddy stem borer.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103718799A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 柳州博泽科技有限公司 | Sugarcane and watermelon interplanting technique |
| CN103999667A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-27 | 许长来 | Cultivating method for interplanting watermelons in drought direct seeding paddy field |
| CN104335857A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-11 | 林天国 | Watermelon cultivation method by plastic film mulching |
| CN105766346A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Winter rape and sequential cropping seed melon planting method applicable to frigid and arid regions |
| CN108849360A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of method of bur clover and rice interplanting |
| CN113875526A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Rice and greenhouse watermelon crop rotation planting method |
-
2012
- 2012-10-24 CN CN2012104074823A patent/CN103210752A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 赵子津等: "明光市古沛镇瓜稻套种技术", 《安徽农学通报》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104335857A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-11 | 林天国 | Watermelon cultivation method by plastic film mulching |
| CN103718799A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 柳州博泽科技有限公司 | Sugarcane and watermelon interplanting technique |
| CN103999667A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-27 | 许长来 | Cultivating method for interplanting watermelons in drought direct seeding paddy field |
| CN105766346A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Winter rape and sequential cropping seed melon planting method applicable to frigid and arid regions |
| CN108849360A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of method of bur clover and rice interplanting |
| CN113875526A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Rice and greenhouse watermelon crop rotation planting method |
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Application publication date: 20130724 |