CN103206275A - Light, heat and electricity converting device - Google Patents
Light, heat and electricity converting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103206275A CN103206275A CN201210348540XA CN201210348540A CN103206275A CN 103206275 A CN103206275 A CN 103206275A CN 201210348540X A CN201210348540X A CN 201210348540XA CN 201210348540 A CN201210348540 A CN 201210348540A CN 103206275 A CN103206275 A CN 103206275A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
A light, heat and electricity converting device comprises a hot water supplying system, an evaporator, a turbine, a power generator, a condenser, an air pump, an attractive force drain pipe and a cold water recovering device. The hot water supplying system, the evaporator, the turbine, the condenser, the attractive force drain pipe and the cold water recovering device are sequentially communicated through a pipeline, the condenser is connected with a cold circulating water pipeline, and a condensing pipe is connected with a pipeline of the air pump. The turbine drives the power generator to generate power, a voltmeter and an ampere meter are installed on an output circuit of the power generator, the evaporator and the condenser are respectively provided with pressure gauges, the hot water supplying system, the condenser and the attractive force drain pipe are respectively provided with thermometers, and a hot water outlet of the hot water supplying system is provided with a flow control device. The light, heat and electricity converting device adopts the efficient photothermal conversion nanometer materials, the vacuum technique, the gravity and the vortex technique, the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 40%, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 50%. Compared with a silicon solar cell, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved by one time, and compared with the thermoelectric conversion materials of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is improved by 8 times. The light, heat and electricity converting device is low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the energy and material field, be specially a kind of light, heat, electrical switching device.This device utilizes the full spectrum of nanometer material to inhale solar energy and converts heat energy to, and underground heat and waste heat of plant convert Ac to by conversion equipment.
Background technique
Radiation energy is pressed the distribution of wavelength in the solar radiation, is called solar radiation spectrum, and the wavelength X max of solar radiation peak value is 0.475 μ m, and this wavelength is in the blue or green light part of visible light.Solar radiation mainly concentrates on visible light part (0.4～0.76 μ m), and wavelength is greater than the infrared rays (＞0.76 μ m) of visible light and few less than the part of the ultraviolet ray (＜0.4 μ m) of visible light.In whole radiation energy, wavelength accounting for more than 99% between 0.15～4 μ m, and mainly be distributed in visible region and infrared region, the former accounts for the about 50% of solar radiation total energy, and it is about 43% that the latter accounts for, and the solar radiant energy of ultraviolet region seldom only accounts for about 7% of total amount.
The solar constant value Rsc=1367 ± 7(W/m of World Meteorological Organization's recommendation in 1981
2), adopt 1367W/m usually
2
Solar radiation arrives earth surface after by atmospheric layer.Because atmosphere has certain absorption, scattering and reflecting action to solar radiation, make the radiation arrival point surface fully that projects aeropause.The nethermost full curve c of Fig. 7 represents that solar radiation is absorbed, arrives after the scattering, reflection the solar radiation spectrum on the face of land by atmospheric layer.
Compare with the solar radiation spectrum of aeropause, as can be seen: behind atmospheric layer, total solar radiation can have significantly and weakens; The short radiation energy of wavelength weakens the most significantly; Radiation energy is with the distribution of the wavelength irregular that becomes.Produce these variations following several respects reason arranged: when 1 atmosphere passes atmospheric layer and arrives ground the absorption solar radiation of solar radiation, be subjected to weakening to a certain degree, this be because in the atmosphere some composition have select to absorb certain wavelength radiation can characteristic.The composition that absorbs solar radiation in the atmosphere mainly contains solid impurities such as steam, liquid water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, ozone and dust etc.Become heat energy after solar radiation is absorbed, thereby solar radiation is weakened.The wave band that water vapor absorption is the strongest is 0.93～2.85 μ m that is positioned at infrared region, and according to estimates, solar radiation can weaken about 4%～15% because of the absorption of steam.Oxygen is only very strong less than the ultraviolet radiation absorption of 0.2 μ m to wavelength, though at visible region absorption is arranged also, a little less than.The content of ozone in atmosphere seldom; but in ultraviolet region and visible region absorption band is arranged; absorption band at 0.2～0.3 mu m waveband is very strong; because the absorption of ozone; make the solar radiation less than 0.29 mu m waveband can not arrive ground, thereby protected tellurian all biologies to exempt from the injury of ultraviolet over-radiation.Ozone also has absorption at 0.44～0.75 μ m, though not strong, because this wave band just in time is positioned at the strongest zone of solar radiation, so the solar radiation quantity that absorbs is quite a lot of.Carbon dioxide to the absorptance of solar radiation a little less than, only near the radiation infrared region 2.7 μ m and the 4.3 μ m is absorbed byer force, but a little less than should the solar radiation in zone, be absorbed the back and can ignore the influence of whole solar radiation.Be suspended in impurity such as water droplet in the atmosphere, dust, pollutant, solar radiation is also had absorption, and these content of material are more high in the atmosphere, and are more many to solar radiative absorption, as in the industrial region, woods fire, volcano eruption, sandstorm etc., solar radiation has obviously and weakens.
China's year radiation amount is superlatively distinguished in Tibet, is 212.3-252.1 watts/square metres.Taking second place in Qinghai, Xinjiang and the Huanghe valley, is 159.2-212.3 watts/square metres.The Yangtze river basin and most of South China then reduce on the contrary, are 119.4-159.2 watts/square metres.This is that total radiation is also bigger because the weather of northwest, the sunny drying in North China is more.In the Changjiang river, downstream cloud amount is many, total radiation is less, the Tibet altitude is big, total radiation is also big.These data are latitude, and day and night, in season, climatic change is included in interior annual average.
China's top is accepted solar radiant energy and be equivalent to about 49,000 hundred million tons of standard coals every year, the impinging upon more than 2200 hours day in area year of the whole nation 2/3rds, and year solar radiation quantity surpasses 5,000 million Jiao/m
^2(be equivalent to 170 kilograms of standard coal/m
2). solar energy resources is abundant.The photovoltaic power generation technology that solar energy directly is converted to this energy high-end product of electric energy is ripe at present, and growth momentum is swift and violent, is making great efforts to break through expensive restriction bottleneck, and being expected to became one of important electric power energy in 30 years.
This device utilizes the full spectrum of nanometer material to inhale solar energy and converts heat energy to, changes heat energy into Ac by conversion equipment again, also can directly underground heat be become Ac with waste heat of plant, thermal power plant thermal power transfer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to utilize the full spectrum of nanometer material to inhale solar energy and converts heat energy to, change heat energy into Ac by conversion equipment again, or directly underground heat is become Ac with waste heat of plant, thermal power plant thermal power transfer, a kind of light, heat, electrical switching device are provided.
The object of the invention adopts following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of light, heat, electrical switching device, this device comprise hot-water supply system, vaporizer, turbo machine, generator, condenser, air exhauster, gravitation waste pipe and cold water recovering device; Its hot-water supply system, vaporizer, turbo machine, condenser, gravitation waste pipe and cold water recovering device pipeline successively are connected, condenser links to each other with the cool circulation water pipeline, condensation tube is connected with the air exhauster pipeline, turbo machine drives generator for electricity generation, voltmeter and ammeter are housed on the generator output circuit, vaporizer and condenser are equipped with pressure gauge respectively, hot-water supply system, condenser and gravitation waste pipe are equipped with thermometer respectively, and the hot-water supply system hot-water outlet is equipped with flow control device.
In the device of the present invention, described vaporizer is plane sandwich plate vaporizer, taper sandwich plate vaporizer or shower nozzle vaporizer.
In the device of the present invention, the hot water of described hot-water supply system is from hot water, geothermal water or the waste heat of plant hot water of solar energy heating conversion.
In apparatus of the present invention, described gravitation waste pipe is 9 meters to 10 meters Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's air pressure waste pipes for connecting a vertical height in the header tank bottom.
In the device of the present invention, described solar energy heating transducer utilizes nanometer material to make heat absorption plate, and described nanometer material includes carbon nano-tube.
Adopted efficient photo-thermal conversion nano material to carry out the photo-thermal conversion among the present invention, efficient is greater than 80%, this thermoelectric conversion device is because ingenious vacuum technique, earth attraction and the eddy-current technique of utilizing, thermoelectrical efficiency can reach 50%, photoelectric transformation efficiency can reach 40% at least, compares with present widely used silicon solar cell, and photoelectric transformation efficiency can improve 1 times, compare with the thermo-electric converting material of Massachusetts Institute Technology, conversion efficiency of thermoelectric improves 8 times at least.Under the situation of equal-wattage output, the cost of this device is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, light of the present invention, heat, electrical switching device theory diagram
Fig. 2, dull and stereotyped multilayer evaporation structure schematic representation
Fig. 3, taper multilayer evaporation structure schematic representation
Fig. 4, shower nozzle evaporation structure schematic representation
Fig. 5, turbo machine schematic representation
Condenser structure schematic representation in Fig. 6, light of the present invention, heat, the electrical switching device
The solar radiation spectrum on Fig. 7, aeropause and ground
Among the figure: 1-header tank, 2-cool circulation water pipe, 9～10 meters vertical gravitation waste pipes of 3-, 4-find time tracheae, 5. condensation tube, 6. condenser; A-6000k blackbody radiation curve, the solar radiation curve of B-aeropause, C-arrives the solar radiation curve on ground.
Specific embodiments
Be described in further detail structure of the present invention and effect below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Light of the present invention, heat, the electrical switching device theory diagram as shown in Figure 1, this device comprises hot-water supply system, vaporizer, turbo machine, generator, condenser, air exhauster, the gravitation waste pipe, the cold water recovering device, voltmeter, ammeter, pressure gauge, thermometer and flow control device, its hot-water supply system, vaporizer, turbo machine, condenser, condensation tube, gravitation waste pipe and cold water recovering device pipeline successively are connected, condenser links to each other with the cool circulation water pipeline, condensation tube is connected with the air exhauster pipeline, turbo machine drives generator for electricity generation, voltmeter and ammeter are housed on the generator output circuit, vaporizer and condenser are equipped with pressure gauge respectively, hot-water supply system, condenser and gravitation waste pipe are equipped with thermometer respectively, and the hot-water supply system hot-water outlet is equipped with flow control device.
This device utilizes the full spectrum of nanometer material (wherein including carbon nano-tube) to inhale solar energy and converts heat energy to, gas in utilizing vacuum technique to remove to anhydrate, utilize earth attraction to form terminal vacuum and eddy-current technique changes luminous energy and heat energy into electric energy by conversion equipment, its manufacturing process is:
1, under rough vacuum, be steam by multilayer planar vaporizer, conical surface vaporizer or shower nozzle evaporator evaporation with hot water; Multilayer planar vaporizer, conical surface vaporizer or shower nozzle vaporizer can be under rough vacuum be evaporated to steam with 100 ℃ and following hot water, and its structure is shown in Fig. 2,3,4;
2, the steam in the step 1 is promoted turbo machine (expansion steam turbine) and drive generator for electricity generation; Turbine structure as shown in Figure 4;
3, utilize condensation tube and small-power air exhauster to remove the terminal air of turbo machine; The condensation tube structure is shown in 5 among Fig. 6;
4, utilize condenser that terminal low pressure water vapor is condensed into liquid water;
5, (cylindrical pipe requires to resist atmospheric pressure in the earth attraction direction of header tank bottom 9～10 meters long cylindrical pipes to be installed, cylindrical pipe is indeformable), one termination of cylindrical pipe is gone into the bottom of the terminal header tank of turbo machine, the other end inserts below the water surface in pond, in cylindrical pipe, form near 9～10 meters high water columns, form vacuum by earth attraction and small-power air exhauster at the steam turbine end; Waste pipe is got rid of condensed water and is formed rough vacuum, and has greatly increased the draught head at steam turbine two ends.
The present invention utilizes plane sandwich plate or taper sandwich plate that hot water is evaporated to the method for steam under rough vacuum, and its sandwich plate evaporation has increased evaporation area, can be under rough vacuum 100 ℃ and following hot water be evaporated to steam.The method of utilizing condensation device and small-power air exhauster to remove terminal air can form lower vacuum endways.Utilize condensation device that the low-pressure water steam of end is condensed into liquid water.Utilize earth attraction to get rid of terminal condensed water, connecting a vertical height in the condensation water tank bottom is that 9 meters to 10 meters Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's air pressure waste pipes are got rid of condensed water and the formation rough vacuum, earth attraction is combined with turbo machine like this, has greatly increased the draught head at steam turbine two ends.Utilize nanometer material to make solar absorber plate, can convert the full spectrum of solar energy to heat energy.Light, thermal energy conversion efficiency can be reached 80%, and heat, electric energy conversion efficient can reach 50%, and light, electric energy conversion efficient can reach 40%.
Claims (5)
1. a light, heat, electrical switching device is characterized in that this device comprises hot-water supply system, vaporizer, turbo machine, generator, condenser, condensation tube, air exhauster, gravitation waste pipe and cold water recovering device; Its hot-water supply system, vaporizer, turbo machine, condenser, condensation tube, gravitation waste pipe and cold water recovering device are connected with pipeline successively, condenser links to each other with the cool circulation water pipeline, condensation tube is connected with the air exhauster pipeline, turbo machine drives generator for electricity generation, voltmeter and ammeter are housed on the generator output circuit, vaporizer and condenser are equipped with pressure gauge respectively, hot-water supply system, condenser and gravitation waste pipe are equipped with thermometer respectively, and the hot-water supply system hot-water outlet is equipped with flow control device.
2. light as claimed in claim 1, heat, electrical switching device, it is characterized in that: described vaporizer is plane sandwich plate vaporizer, taper sandwich plate vaporizer or shower nozzle vaporizer.
3. light as claimed in claim 1, heat, electrical switching device, it is characterized in that: the hot water of described hot-water supply system is from hot water, geothermal water or the waste heat of plant hot water of solar energy heating transducer.
4. light as claimed in claim 1, heat, electrical switching device is characterized in that: described gravitation waste pipe is 9 meters to 10 meters Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's air pressure waste pipes for connecting a vertical height in the condenser tank bottom.
5. light as claimed in claim 3, heat, electrical switching device is characterized in that: described solar energy heating transducer utilizes nanometer material to make heat absorption plate, includes carbon nano-tube in the described nanometer material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210348540XA CN103206275A (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Light, heat and electricity converting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210348540XA CN103206275A (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Light, heat and electricity converting device |
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| CN103206275A true CN103206275A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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Citations (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1049643A (en) * | 1990-07-11 | 1991-03-06 | 张沈杰 | Utilize natural energy to carry out the method and the device of sea water desaltination |
| US20080216822A1 (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-11 | Lazzara Samuel P | Solar engery system |
| CN101354191A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-01-28 | 南京工业大学 | System for utilizing solar step developing heat |
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| CN101893327A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2010-11-24 | 上海盛合新能源科技有限公司 | Solar-powered water heating and heat-electricity converting device |
| CN201737726U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-02-09 | 华北电力大学 | Solar seawater-desalinating device adopting passive flash evaporation technique |
| CN101985369A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-03-16 | 南京中船绿洲环保有限公司 | Plate type sea water desalinating device |
| CN102126767A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Distillation and separation device for aqueous solution by negative pressure evaporation driven by solar energy/low temperature heat energy and method for obtaining distilled water |
| CN202186999U (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2012-04-11 | 龙岩卓越新能源发展有限公司 | Crude biodiesel flash tower |
| DE102011004278A1 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Solar thermal power plant comprises steam generator with multiple flow-medium sided parallel evaporator tubes, to which multiple superheater tubes are connected downstream of evaporator tubes by water separation system |
-
2012
- 2012-09-19 CN CN201210348540XA patent/CN103206275A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1049643A (en) * | 1990-07-11 | 1991-03-06 | 张沈杰 | Utilize natural energy to carry out the method and the device of sea water desaltination |
| US20080216822A1 (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-11 | Lazzara Samuel P | Solar engery system |
| CN101354191A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-01-28 | 南京工业大学 | System for utilizing solar step developing heat |
| CN101814867A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-08-25 | 清华大学 | Thermoelectric generator |
| CN102126767A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Distillation and separation device for aqueous solution by negative pressure evaporation driven by solar energy/low temperature heat energy and method for obtaining distilled water |
| CN201737726U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-02-09 | 华北电力大学 | Solar seawater-desalinating device adopting passive flash evaporation technique |
| CN101893327A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2010-11-24 | 上海盛合新能源科技有限公司 | Solar-powered water heating and heat-electricity converting device |
| CN101985369A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-03-16 | 南京中船绿洲环保有限公司 | Plate type sea water desalinating device |
| DE102011004278A1 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Solar thermal power plant comprises steam generator with multiple flow-medium sided parallel evaporator tubes, to which multiple superheater tubes are connected downstream of evaporator tubes by water separation system |
| CN202186999U (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2012-04-11 | 龙岩卓越新能源发展有限公司 | Crude biodiesel flash tower |
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Application publication date: 20130717 |