CN103205561A - Coal-based magnetic roasting method for powdery refractory low-grade iron ore carbon-bearing pellets by pellet shaft furnace - Google Patents
Coal-based magnetic roasting method for powdery refractory low-grade iron ore carbon-bearing pellets by pellet shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN103205561A CN103205561A CN2013100854604A CN201310085460A CN103205561A CN 103205561 A CN103205561 A CN 103205561A CN 2013100854604 A CN2013100854604 A CN 2013100854604A CN 201310085460 A CN201310085460 A CN 201310085460A CN 103205561 A CN103205561 A CN 103205561A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal-based magnetic roasting method for powdery refractory low-grade iron ore carbon-bearing pellets by a pellet shaft furnace. The method includes: subjecting refractory low-grade iron ore carbon-bearing pellets to coal-based magnetic roasting by a furnace integrating a pellet drying bed and a shaft furnace roasting body, proportionally distributing and damp-milling raw ore powder dry-ground and powered from powdery ore, and reduction pulverized coal and bentonite to obtain mixture with uniform ingredients and certain water content, performing pelletizing and screening to obtain qualified carbon-bearing pellets, drying the pellets, subjecting the dried pellets to magnetic roasting in the shaft furnace, subjecting the pellets to drying, preheating, roasting, uniform heating and cooling, directly subjecting the pellets to water quenching in water to produce qualified roasted magnetized ore. After magnetic separation of the roasted ore by the method, iron ore concentrate at 62-63% grad is obtained. Metal recovery rate and grade ratio of the iron ore concentrate obtained by the method are respectively 18-19% and 13-14% higher than those of the iron ore concentrate obtained by strong magnetic separation process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technique of preparing field, particularly a kind of powdery difficulty is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method.
Background technology
1, iron ore resource situation
At present, the complicated refractory iron ore of China is of a great variety, reserves are huge, extremely difficult choosing, and valuable mineral is particulate to fine grain teeth cloth in most ores, need levigate to-0.074mm(-200 order) account for about 80% and could reach monomer dissociation substantially, generally adopt conventional mechanical-physical ore-dressing technique, be difficult to economical and efficiently mode utilize.
2, the iron ore dressing state of the art
At present, the technology that iron ore dressing is commonly used has: the strong magnetic separation of the closed circuit magnetizing roasting of the wet-milling ore dressing of iron ore, the dry grinding dry separation of magnetite, lean hematite, the gravity treatment of particulate iron ore, various types etc., the efficient preparation equipment that adopts, efficient flotation reagent and novel ore-dressing technique make mineral processing index obtain bigger progress.
At present, select iron ore of low ore grade (grade is 30 ~ 35%) for difficulty, and the powdery refractory iron ore adopt high intensity magnetic separation process, its metal recovery rate have only 67 ~ 68% and iron concentrate grade be 48 ~ 49%.Iron ore magnetizing roasting technology can be divided into that the coal-based degree of depth is directly reduced, coal-based shallow degree directly reduces, the shallow degree indirect reduction of the gentle base of gas base degree of depth indirect reduction: (1) coal-based degree of depth directly reduction is to be reductive agent with the coal by high temperature reduction equipment, under 1200 ~ 1300 ℃ of temperature with ore in Fe
3+Be reduced to metal Fe as much as possible, domestic industry equipment mainly contains rotary hearth furnace, rotary kiln and tunnel furnace at present, there are problems such as the low and unstable product quality of mechanization degree in difficulty, the tunnel furnace production that exists ring formation, rotary hearth furnace production existence to be connected with ironmaking or steel making working procedure because of rotary kiln production, and production application is restricted; (2) the direct reduction of coal-based shallow degree is to be reductive agent with the coal, with Fe in the fine ore
3+1/3rd reduction be converted into Fe
2+, reduction temperature is 750 ~ 850 ℃, domestic industry equipment has only rotary kiln at present, exists the problem of ore bonding and stove ring formation in the production; (3) indirect reduction of the gas base degree of depth is passed through with coal gas (CO and H
2Be main body) be reductive agent, with Fe in the ore
3+Be reduced to metal Fe as much as possible, its technological temperature is about 950 ℃, exists the energy consumption problem of higher in the production; (4) the shallow degree indirect reduction of gas base is by being reductive agent with coal gas, with Fe in the lump ore
3+1/3rd be reduced to Fe
2+, be 15 ~ 100mm owing to handle the size range of lump ore at present, the reduction process lifetime is long, production capacity is low and reducing degree ununiformity from outward appearance to inner essence.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of powdery difficulty and select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, to solve in the prior art since in the iron ore roasting process each grade difference bigger, exist that ore reduction is inhomogeneous, the problem of roasting cost height, the rotary kiln ring formation phenomenon in producing.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method may further comprise the steps:
A, raw material prepare, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore,
The ball milling of the dry grinding of B, iron ore and coal, iron ore is milled to fineness and accounts for 90% greater than 325 orders, coal be milled to granularity be 0.074mm account for 96%;
The batching of C, carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of 94.0 ~ 95.0:2.5 ~ 3.0:2.5 ~ 3.0 mixing of preparing burden;
The profit mill of D, compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 6～8min;
E, compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, with the screening of carbon containing green pellets, the green pellets granularity is 8～20mm, the green pellets water content is 7～9%;
The shaft roasting of F, carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process, 300～350 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 20～30min, recovery time is 40～60 min, and maturing temperature is 650～750 ℃, and the cooling zone temperature is 500～550 ℃;
The cooling of G, roasting pelletizing, 500～550 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, output roasting magnetization ore deposit.
As a further improvement on the present invention, dry grinding adopts raymond mill, coal to select for use carbon content greater than 79.1% bituminous coal in the described B step.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the ratio of the green pellets of 20mm and the green pellets of 8mm is 1:2-2.5 in the described D step.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the flue gas pressures that shaft furnace two side combusion chambers enter the shaft furnace body bed of material in the described F step is 24～28Kpa.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the drying bed bed thickness is 3～4 layers of carbon containing green pellets in the described F step, and the hot gas flow velocity is 2～3 m/s.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the adding weight percentage was 0.5-1% reinforcer when the carbon containing green pellets was made in the described E step, and reinforcer is basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.Basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) the whisker outward appearance powder that is white in color, loose, whisker is the microfibre shape, length 5～200 μ m, diameter 0.1～5 μ m, length-to-diameter ratio is greater than 20, and solubleness is little, is generally 0.023 42g/L, and density is bigger, is 1.68llg/cm
3, tap density 0.1 12lg/cm
3, it can dissolve rapidly in acidic solution, and is strong to the scattering of light ability, and resistance toheat is good, is heated and decomposes down at 405 ℃.Have good fire prevention, flame retardant properties.
As a further improvement on the present invention, bed depth is in the shaft roasting process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, and the arid zones height is that 1.0～1.1m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.5～1.6m, soaking zone height are that 3.1～3.2m and cooling zone height are 3.4～3.5m.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the shaft roasting process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, the weight percentage of oxygen level is 1-3% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace.
Below from several aspects the present invention:
One, the present invention adopts the shallow degree of coal-base shaft furnace directly to reduce: be reductive agent with the coal, with Fe in the fine ore
3+1/3rd reduction be converted into Fe
2+, reduction temperature is 750 ~ 850 ℃, domestic industry equipment has only rotary kiln at present, exists the problem of ore bonding and stove ring formation in the production;
The direct reduction mechanism of coal-based shallow degree: to the carbonaceous pelletizing (namely under fine granularity, iron ore mixes the pelletizing of making by a certain percentage with coal) that coal-based shallow degree directly reduces, the main chemical reactions under roasting condition is as follows:
MFe
2O
3.nH
2O=mFe
2O
3+ nH
2The O(limonite is heated and takes off crystal water)
3Fe
2O
3+ C=2Fe
30
4+ CO(specularite, rhombohedral iron ore are by carbon reduction)
6Fe
2O
3+ C=4Fe
30
4+ CO
2(specularite, rhombohedral iron ore are by carbon reduction)
3FeC0
3=Fe
30
4+ CO+2CO
2(spathic iron ore decomposes)
3Fe
2O
3+ CO=2Fe
30
4+ CO
2(specularite, rhombohedral iron ore are reduced by CO)
CO
2+ C=2CO(separates out CO
2Produce gasification reaction with carbon)
Because the incomplete contact between solid carbon and the solid oxidation iron particle, contact surface is too little between two solid phases, makes Fe
2O
3With the C direct reaction be very limited; Therefore, in carbonaceous pelletizing, iron ore particle and carbon granule are thinner, and reaction is just more favourable.While Fe
2O
3With the C direct reaction be to have produced CO and CO to the contribution of reduction of carbonaceous pelletizing maximum
2, FeC0
3Decomposes is generating Fe
30
4The time also output CO and CO
2, and at high temperature because CO
2Existence, the C in the carbonaceous pelletizing is vaporized and produces CO, makes Fe
2O
3Be reduced into Fe
30
4Reaction continue.
In coal-based shallow degree directly reduced, the gasification reaction of carbon significantly carried out 650 ℃ of ability, and its magnetizing roasting temperature also should be more than 650 ℃.
Two, powdery difficulty of the present invention selects the mechanism of iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method as follows: the inner iron ore particle magnetizing roasting process of carbonaceous pelletizing is the process of a heterogeneous reaction.The iron ore of certain particle size is with coal dust or reducing gas generation chemical reaction, and its process can be divided into three phases: (1) diffusion and absorption.Reducing gas (Gu) bulk diffusion back by the iron ore surface adsorption.(2) chemical reaction.The reducing gas that is adsorbed (Gu) Sauerstoffatom in body molecule and the iron ore carries out reduction reaction.(3) desorption of reaction product.The gaseous product that reaction back generates breaks away from the iron ore surface, and is diffused in the gas phase in the opposite direction and goes.
Fe in the iron ore
2O
3Be converted into Fe
3O
4Process be: take off the outer field α-Fe of ore particle with reductive agent
2O
3In oxygen, simultaneous oxidation iron lattice can produce local distortion, but is still keeping the crystal lattice of original rhombohedral iron ore owing to contacting of lattice and each adjacent part makes whole skin.Further deoxidation along with reaction process will cause the reinforcement of local deformaton, cause α-Fe
2O
3Skin begin to change into the γ-Fe that contains some amount pore (the vacant node of iron)
2O
3, and form spinel type cubic(al)grating γ-Fe
2O
3Thin skin.All nodes of outside are filled and just are transformed into magnetite, and these magnetites have and γ-Fe
2O
3Identical lattice.Superfluous iron ion is by rhombohedral iron ore and γ-Fe
2O
3The interface force rhombohedral iron ore to be transformed into γ-Fe layer by layer
2O
3, i.e. γ-Fe
2O
3The interior expansion of course ore particle.
Three, to influence the principal element of quality as follows in the iron ore magnetizing roasting:
1) influence of ore grain size: lump ore the non-uniform phenomenon that the top layer reduction ratio is higher than inner reduction ratio can occur in roasting process.Experiment shows: average reduction ratio should be than the iron in the 42.8%(iron ore all with Fe
3O
4Theoretical value when form exists) slightly higher, make the ore top layer cross reduction slightly, reduction has then just been finished in inside, just can obtain higher metal recovery rate during magnetic separation.
2) Temperature Influence: iron ore is in the magnetizing roasting process, but the too high not only generating portion of temperature Fu Shi body, and can make quartz in the ore and iron protoxide generate the ferric metasilicate of weak magnetic, reduced the magnetic of roasted ore.Therefore, the suitable maturing temperature of most ores is 650～800 ℃.
3) influence of reducing atmosphere: iron ore should keep certain reducing atmosphere in magnetizing roasting.When maturing temperature is 650～750 ℃ and CO/CO
2Ratio just can make Fe greater than 0.42 o'clock
2O
3Reduction becomes Fe
3O
4But reduction rate is not decided by CO or H in the gas phase
2Concentration, and be decided by the gaseous molecular (CO of reduction reaction resultant
2And H
2O) quantity of adsorbing in mineral surface.Absorption quantity the more then heals big to the inhibition of reduction reaction.
Adopt micro-oxygenation atmosphere in the stove of the present invention: shaft furnace is in roasting process, oxygen level is 1-3% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace, and its cause description is as follows: in carbonaceous pelletizing, because the incomplete contact between solid carbon and the solid oxidation iron particle, contact area is less between two solid phases, makes Fe
2O
3With the C direct reaction be very little, the present invention is for improving the speed of response of carbonaceous pelletizing, in shaft furnace, adopt micro-oxygenation atmosphere, make carbon in the carbonaceous pelletizing with after micro amount of oxygen in the furnace gas contacts, owing to the hypoxia response of carbon has generated a certain amount of CO, thereby improved the inner reducing atmosphere concentration of carbonaceous pelletizing, also just improved reduction reaction speed, simultaneously Fe
2O
3With the C direct reaction be to have produced CO and CO to the contribution of reduction of carbonaceous pelletizing maximum
2, FeC0
3Decomposes is generating Fe
30
4The time also output CO and CO
2, and at high temperature because CO
2Existence, the C in the carbonaceous pelletizing is vaporized and produces CO, makes Fe
2O
3Be reduced into Fe
30
4Reaction continue.
4) influence of roasting time: during the iron ore magnetizing roasting, when maturing temperature one regularly, should increase with its roasting time of increase of granularity; With the raising of maturing temperature, its roasting time is corresponding to be reduced but in roasting granularity one regularly.
Four, the powdery difficulty is selected the gordian technique of iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method
(1) selection of coal: the cohesiveness of reduction coal dust has significant effects to the selection of magnetizing roasting technology and equipment.The coal that cohesiveness is strong lumps in roasting process easily, hinders the circulation of pelletizing internal gas, influences roasting quality, generally can not use.The coal of anti-knocking property difference, explosion easily after entering the reduction zone also can influence the pelletizing gas inside and flow, and this coal generally can not use.
(2) intensity of carbonaceous pelletizing: the hot strength of carbonaceous pelletizing and low temperature intensity have bigger difference, because pelletizing is in the process of heating or high temperature reduction, pelletizing is inner can to produce the series of physical chemical transformation, this hot strength that all will cause pelletizing descends, and causes cracking or the powder phenomenon-tion of pelletizing easily.When making, carbonaceous pelletizing should add a certain amount of reinforcer.
(3) moisture content of carbonaceous pelletizing: the present invention adopt the carbonaceous pelletizing contain certain moisture content be subjected on shaft furnace top rising flue gas heating and be dried, discharge most of moisture content.But when water content is too high in the pelletizing, should suitably increase the thickness of the shaft furnace bed of material, but too thicken the temperature that the bed of material has increased the resistance of the bed of material again and reduced flue gas.
(4) granularity of pelletizing: when the granularity of pelletizing is big, not only reduced the total reaction area, and the thermograde of pelletizing itself is also bigger, the easy explosion that produces pelletizing because of thermal stress; But when the pelletizing granularity hour, improving its stability (thermotolerance), heat exchange and diffusible while, increased the thermosteresis of resistance and the flue gas of the bed of material.Therefore, the pelletizing granularity should be advisable with 8～20mm, and the ratio of minimum and maximum pelletizing size is not greater than 2.5.
(5) homogeneity of pelletizing granularity: when the size-grade distribution of the pelletizing bed of material was very inhomogeneous, the bulk pelletizing can be partial near the furnace wall, and the particulate pelletizing then concentrates on bed of material center, formed the border air-flow easily near the furnace wall, influenced the also proper mass of pelletizing.Therefore, should strict control in the production less than 8mm with greater than the ratio of 20mm pelletizing.
(6) height of the bed of material: furnace gas is flowed the height of the pelletizing bed of material and heat exchange has material impact, thereby influence the magnetizing roasting quality of ore.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) the powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method different with the rotary kiln magnetizing roasting shallow degree indirect reduction of gentle base technology, belong to the direct reduction technique of coal-based shallow degree truly, its reduction temperature can be controlled in 650～750 ℃ (shaft furnace combustion chamber smoke temperature is about 850～900 ℃), far below the shallow degree indirect reduction of gas base temperature (being about 800～850 ℃), productivity ratio adopted gas base magnetizing roasting technology significantly to improve when the shaft furnace that this means equal scale adopted the coal-based magnetizing roasting technology of fine ore, and burnup (containing the reduction coal) also decreases.Simultaneously, because the pelletizing oven dry is adopted the integrated type of furnace with roasting, the heat energy utilization rate is higher, and burnup (containing the reduction coal) is lower than rotary kiln.
(2) the powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method that the fine ore of small grain size (6mm is following) is made carbonaceous pelletizing, adopt band to press shaft furnace to carry out the high temperature magnetizing roasting, make kinetics and the thermodynamic condition of iron ore magnetizing roasting obtain very big improvement, improved reduction of iron ore speed of response and magnetization quality.Experiment shows, be that 20mm and reduction temperature are when being 700 ℃ at the pellet diameter, adopt the coal-based required time of magnetizing roasting technology to be about 60～70min, than gas base magnetizing roasting technology time shortening 10～20min, the reduction unevenness of pellet heart table can be controlled in 5%.
(3) the present invention adopts iron ore autoreduction technology to make roasting quality not be subjected to the influence of shaft furnace atmosphere, adopt shaft furnace high-temperature roasting and soaking reduction technique simultaneously, make carbonaceous pelletizing reach the effect of homogeneous roasting, avoided the quality ununiformity from outward appearance to inner essence that adopts gas base magnetizing roasting technology to produce, Fe in the roasted ore
3O
4The homogeneity that distributes and magnetization quality are better than rotary kiln, more are better than the magnetizing roasting effect of atmospheric gas base reduction shaft furnace.Be 30～35% low-grade refractory ore dressing for iron level, adopt coal-based magnetizing roasting technology, metal recovery rate exceeds 5 ~ 6% than atmospheric gas base reduction shaft furnace, can obtain grade after the roasted ore magnetic separation and be 61～62% iron ore concentrate.
(4) the present invention adopts band to press that (24 ~ 28Kpa) shaft furnaces carry out magnetizing roasting, and (granularity can reach 8 ~ 20mm), reduces the height of the shaft furnace bed of material and goes into the stove pellet strength to be conducive to reduce granularity into the stove carbonaceous pelletizing.Experiment shows that the firing section bed depth is that 1.5-1.6m and pelletizing ultimate compression strength are individual greater than 10N/, and dropping strength just can satisfy the production needs greater than 5 times/.
Embodiment
The following examples can further specify the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Following examples raw material selects for use the powdery difficulty to select iron ore of low ore grade (grade is 30 ~ 35%).
Embodiment 1
Step 1: raw material is prepared, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore, by roasting kiln hot waste gas is delivered in the drying machine, and iron ore fully contacts and convective heat exchange with hot waste gas, is taken away by flue gas after making a part of water evaporates in the material;
Step 2: the ball milling of iron ore dry grinding and coal, grinding fineness is for to account for 90% greater than 325 orders, and the granularity of coal is that 0.074mm accounts for 96%; It is bituminous coal more than 79.1% that dry grinding adopts raymond mill, coal to select carbon content for use.
Step 3: the batching of carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of the 94.0:3.0:3.0 mixing of preparing burden;
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 6min;
Step 5: compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, add weight percentage when the carbon containing green pellets is made and be 0.5% reinforcer basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.With carbon containing green pellets screening, screening adopts the circle roller screen that granularity is gone less than 8mm with greater than the green pellets sieve of 20mm, and the ratio of maximum particle size and minimum particle size is 1～2.5.The green pellets water content is 7%;
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, be distributed in the stove through the roof material distributing car, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process; 300 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 20 min, the drying bed bed thickness is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, the hot gas flow speed control is built in 2m/s, recovery times 40 min, 650 ℃ of maturing temperatures, 500 ℃ of cooling zones; The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace adopts low-heat value gas, and the flue gas pressures that shaft furnace two side combusion chambers enter the shaft furnace body bed of material is 24Kpa, and the weight percentage of oxygen level is 1% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace; The arid zones height is that 1.0m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.5m, soaking zone height are that 3.1m and cooling zone height are 3.4m.
Step 7: the cooling of roasting pelletizing, 500 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compare with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metal susceptibility of iron ore roasting, and make the difficult powdery difficulty of utilizing select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain recycling efficiently, obtain grade after the magnetizing roasting and be 62.4% iron ore concentrate, average susceptibility is 89.5%, and metal recovery rate is 85.4%.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: raw material is prepared, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore, by roasting kiln hot waste gas is delivered in the drying machine, and iron ore fully contacts and convective heat exchange with hot waste gas, is taken away by flue gas after making a part of water evaporates in the material.
Step 2: the ball milling of iron ore dry grinding and coal, grinding fineness is for to account for 90% greater than 325 orders, and the granularity of coal is that 0.074mm accounts for 96%.
Step 3: the batching of carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of the 94.5:2.5:3.0 mixing of preparing burden.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 7min.
Step 5: compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, add weight percentage when the carbon containing green pellets is made and be 0.75% reinforcer basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.With the screening of carbon containing green pellets, the green pellets granularity is 15mm, and the green pellets water content is 8%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, be distributed in the stove through the roof material distributing car, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process; 300 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 20 min, the drying bed bed thickness is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, the hot gas flow speed control is built in 2m/s, recovery times 50 min, 650 ℃ of maturing temperatures, 500 ℃ of cooling zones.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace adopts low-heat value gas, and the flue gas pressures that shaft furnace two side combusion chambers enter the shaft furnace body bed of material is 26Kpa, and the weight percentage of oxygen level is 3% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace; The arid zones height is that 1.1m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.6m, soaking zone height are that 3.2m and cooling zone height are 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of roasting pelletizing, 500 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compare with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metal susceptibility of iron ore roasting, and make the difficult powdery difficulty of utilizing select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain recycling efficiently, obtain grade after the magnetizing roasting and be 62.5% iron ore concentrate, average susceptibility is 90.0%, and metal recovery rate is 85.5%.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: raw material is prepared, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore, by roasting kiln hot waste gas is delivered in the drying machine, and iron ore fully contacts and convective heat exchange with hot waste gas, is taken away by flue gas after making a part of water evaporates in the material.
Step 2: the ball milling of iron ore dry grinding and coal, grinding fineness is for to account for 90% greater than 325 orders, and the granularity of coal is that 0.074mm accounts for 96%.
Step 3: the batching of carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of the 94.5:2.5:3.0 mixing of preparing burden.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 7min.
Step 5: compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, add weight percentage when the carbon containing green pellets is made and be 1.0% reinforcer basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.With the screening of carbon containing green pellets, the green pellets granularity is 20mm, and the green pellets water content is 8%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, be distributed in the stove through the roof material distributing car, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process; 300 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 25 min, the drying bed bed thickness is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, the hot gas flow speed control is built in 2m/s, recovery times 60 min, 650 ℃ of maturing temperatures, 500 ℃ of cooling zones.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace adopts low-heat value gas, and the flue gas pressures that shaft furnace two side combusion chambers enter the shaft furnace body bed of material is 28Kpa, and the weight percentage of oxygen level is 2% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace; The arid zones height is that 1.0m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.55m, soaking zone height are that 3.15m and cooling zone height are 3.45m.
Step 7: the cooling of roasting pelletizing, 500 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compare with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metal susceptibility of iron ore roasting, and make the difficult powdery difficulty of utilizing select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain recycling efficiently, obtain grade after the magnetizing roasting and be 62.53% iron ore concentrate, average susceptibility is 90.1%, and metal recovery rate is 85.53%.
Embodiment 4
Step 1: raw material is prepared, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore, by roasting kiln hot waste gas is delivered in the drying machine, and iron ore fully contacts and convective heat exchange with hot waste gas, is taken away by flue gas after making a part of water evaporates in the material.
Step 2: the ball milling of iron ore dry grinding and coal, grinding fineness is for to account for 90% greater than 325 orders, and the granularity of coal is that 0.074mm accounts for 96%.
Step 3: the batching of carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of the 95.0:2.5:2.5 mixing of preparing burden.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 8min.
Step 5: compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, add weight percentage when the carbon containing green pellets is made and be 0.5% reinforcer basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.With the screening of carbon containing green pellets, the green pellets granularity is 8mm, and the green pellets water content is 9%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, be distributed in the stove through the roof material distributing car, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process; 350 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 30 min, the drying bed bed thickness is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, the hot gas flow speed control is built in 3m/s, recovery times 40 min, 700 ℃ of maturing temperatures, 550 ℃ of cooling zones.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace adopts low-heat value gas, and the flue gas pressures that shaft furnace two side combusion chambers enter the shaft furnace body bed of material is 24Kpa, and the weight percentage of oxygen level is 3% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace; The arid zones height is that 1.0m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.5m, soaking zone height are that 3.1m and cooling zone height are 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of roasting pelletizing, 550 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compare with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metal susceptibility of iron ore roasting, and make the difficult powdery difficulty of utilizing select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain recycling efficiently, obtain grade after the magnetizing roasting and be 62.88% iron ore concentrate, average susceptibility is 96.2%, and metal recovery rate is 85.88%.
Embodiment 5
Step 1: raw material is prepared, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore, by roasting kiln hot waste gas is delivered in the drying machine, and iron ore fully contacts and convective heat exchange with hot waste gas, is taken away by flue gas after making a part of water evaporates in the material.
Step 2: the ball milling of iron ore dry grinding and coal, grinding fineness is for to account for 90% greater than 325 orders, and the granularity of coal is that 0.074mm accounts for 96%.
Step 3: the batching of carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of the 95.0:2.5:2.5 mixing of preparing burden.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 8min.
Step 5: compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, add weight percentage when the carbon containing green pellets is made and be 1.0% reinforcer basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.With the screening of carbon containing green pellets, the green pellets granularity is 15mm, and the green pellets water content is 9%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, be distributed in the stove through the roof material distributing car, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process; 350 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 30 min, the drying bed bed thickness is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, the hot gas flow speed control is built in 3m/s, recovery times 50 min, 700 ℃ of maturing temperatures, 550 ℃ of cooling zones.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace adopts low-heat value gas, and the flue gas pressures that shaft furnace two side combusion chambers enter the shaft furnace body bed of material is 26Kpa, and the weight percentage of oxygen level is 2%2 in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace.The arid zones height is that 1.1m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.6m, soaking zone height are that 3.2m and cooling zone height are 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of roasting pelletizing, 550 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compare with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metal susceptibility of iron ore roasting, and make the difficult powdery difficulty of utilizing select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain recycling efficiently, obtain grade after the magnetizing roasting and be 62.95% iron ore concentrate, average susceptibility is 99.1%, and metal recovery rate is 85.95%.
Embodiment 6
Step 1: raw material is prepared, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore, by roasting kiln hot waste gas is delivered in the drying machine, and iron ore fully contacts and convective heat exchange with hot waste gas, is taken away by flue gas after making a part of water evaporates in the material.
Step 2: the ball milling of iron ore dry grinding and coal, grinding fineness is for to account for 90% greater than 325 orders, and the granularity of coal is that 0.074mm accounts for 96%.
Step 3: the batching of carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of the 95.0:2.5:2.5 mixing of preparing burden.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 8min.
Step 5: compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, add weight percentage when the carbon containing green pellets is made and be 0.5% reinforcer basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.With the screening of carbon containing green pellets, the green pellets granularity is 20mm, and the green pellets water content is 9%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, be distributed in the stove through the roof material distributing car, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process; 350 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 30 min, the drying bed bed thickness is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, the hot gas flow speed control is built in 3m/s, recovery times 60 min, 700 ℃ of maturing temperatures, 550 ℃ of cooling zones.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace adopts low-heat value gas, and the flue gas pressures that shaft furnace two side combusion chambers enter the shaft furnace body bed of material is 28Kpa, and the weight percentage of oxygen level is 2% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace; The arid zones height is that 1.0m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.6m, soaking zone height are that 3.2m and cooling zone height are 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of roasting pelletizing, 550 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compare with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metal susceptibility of iron ore roasting, and make the difficult powdery difficulty of utilizing select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain recycling efficiently, obtain grade after the magnetizing roasting and be 62.9% iron ore concentrate, average susceptibility is 97%, and metal recovery rate is 85.9%.
According to production technique of the present invention, adopt iron level be 30～35% and granularity be the following refractory iron ore of 6mm, its production measured data is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
The varigrained reduction ratio of table 1 coal base reduction
Table 2 coal base reduction is in the susceptibility of different grain size, maturing temperature and recovery time
The metal recovery rate of existing high intensity magnetic separation process has only 67 ~ 68%, and it is 48 ~ 49% that iron concentrate grade has only.By above-mentioned measured data as can be seen, adopt powdery difficulty of the present invention to select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, can obtain grade after the roasted ore magnetic separation and be 62～63% iron ore concentrate, its metal recovery rate and iron concentrate grade are than adopting high intensity magnetic separation process to exceed 18 ~ 19% and 13 ~ 14% respectively, and the homogeneity that Fe3O4 distributes in the roasted ore and magnetization quality are better than rotary kiln, the magnetizing roasting effect that more is better than atmospheric gas base reduction shaft furnace, illustrate that the present invention can improve the metal susceptibility of iron ore roasting, and make the difficult powdery difficulty of utilizing select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain recycling efficiently, can alleviate the problem of domestic iron ore abundant ore source deficiency greatly, simultaneously also can solve domestic powdery difficulty and select iron ore of low ore grade to store up and massive iron ore inadequate resource and fine ore problem of environment pollution caused in a large number, significant for China's Sustainable development.
Claims (8)
1. a powdery difficulty is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
A, raw material prepare, and water content is carried out drying greater than 7% powdered iron ore,
The ball milling of the dry grinding of B, iron ore and coal, iron ore is milled to fineness and accounts for 90% greater than 325 orders, coal be milled to granularity be 0.074mm account for 96%;
The batching of C, carbonaceous mixture, powdered iron ore, coal dust and the wilkinite that mill is good is in the ratio of 94.0 ~ 95.0:2.5 ~ 3.0:2.5 ~ 3.0 mixing of preparing burden;
The profit mill of D, compound, the compound for preparing enters in the damp mill, and the profit time consuming is 6～8min;
E, compound make ball, to balling disk (-sc), make the fine grinding material by moistening by water spray the fine grinding mass transport, make the carbon containing green pellets, with the screening of carbon containing green pellets, the green pellets granularity is 8～20mm, the green pellets water content is 7～9%;
The shaft roasting of F, carbon containing green-ball, the carbon containing green pellets is delivered to the shaft furnace furnace roof, the carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through super-dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process, 300～350 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 20～30min, recovery time is 40～60 min, and maturing temperature is 650～750 ℃, and the cooling zone temperature is 500～550 ℃;
The cooling of G, roasting pelletizing, 500～550 ℃ of roasting pelletizings that shaft furnace is discharged directly enter and carry out shrend in the water, and its temperature is cooled to rapidly below 70 ℃, output roasting magnetization ore deposit.
2. powdery difficulty according to claim 1 is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that: dry grinding adopts raymond mill, coal to select for use carbon content greater than 79.1% bituminous coal in the described B step.
3. powdery difficulty according to claim 1 and 2 is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that: the green pellets of 20mm is 1:2-2.5 with the ratio of the green pellets of 8mm in the described D step.
4. powdery difficulty according to claim 3 is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that: to enter the flue gas pressures of the shaft furnace body bed of material be 24～28Kpa in shaft furnace two side combusion chambers in the described F step.
5. powdery difficulty according to claim 4 is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that: the drying bed bed thickness is 3～4 layers of carbon containing green pellets in the described F step, and the hot gas flow velocity is 2～3 m/s.
6. powdery difficulty according to claim 5 is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that: the adding weight percentage was 0.5-1% reinforcer when the carbon containing green pellets was made in the described E step, and reinforcer is basic magnesium chloride (Mg
3(0H)
5CI.4H
20) whisker.
7. powdery difficulty according to claim 6 is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that: bed depth is in the shaft roasting process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, and the arid zones height is that 1.0～1.1m, preheating and baking band height are that 1.5～1.6m, soaking zone height are that 3.1～3.2m and cooling zone height are 3.4～3.5m.
8. powdery difficulty according to claim 7 is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roasting method, it is characterized in that: in the shaft roasting process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, the weight percentage of oxygen level is 1-3% in the interior furnace gas of shaft furnace.
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| CN103805773A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-21 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for producing metallized iron powder based on carbon circulation oxygen increasing direct reduction of powdery iron ore |
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| CN104745803A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Shaft furnace and application of shaft furnace in coal-based magnetization roasting process for refractory low-grade iron ore |
| CN106086391A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 含山县永帮再生资源利用有限公司 | A kind of cast the method that anchor plate is prepared in waste residue recovery |
| CN106048238A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-10-26 | 含山县永帮再生资源利用有限公司 | Recycling technology of casting waste |
| CN105907948A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-08-31 | 东北大学 | Magnetic separation method for low-grade chromium-containing vanadium titanium magnetite metalized pellet |
| CN106676220A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-17 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Gas base shaft furnace for preparing sponge iron by cold-solidified pellets and method thereof |
| CN107385200A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-24 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of symbiosis refractory iron ore closed circuit magnetizing roast dry grinding dry separation craft online |
| CN107354259A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of coal-based direct reduction shaft furnace and the method smelted using the shaft furnace |
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