CN103195909A - Conical-surface synchronous meshing gear - Google Patents
Conical-surface synchronous meshing gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN103195909A CN103195909A CN 201310129296 CN201310129296A CN103195909A CN 103195909 A CN103195909 A CN 103195909A CN 201310129296 CN201310129296 CN 201310129296 CN 201310129296 A CN201310129296 A CN 201310129296A CN 103195909 A CN103195909 A CN 103195909A
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- gear
- circumferential surface
- tapered circumferential
- gears
- synchromesh
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Abstract
The invention relates to a conical-surface synchronous meshing gear, particularly provides a gear by utilizing friction force of conical circumferential surfaces of gears to enable meshing gear sets to change positions after rotating speeds are close to be synchronous during the process that a separated state is converted into a meshed state to complete meshing transmission among the gears. Meshing of the gears is automatically completed through the conical circumferential surfaces, so that a control mechanism for changing gears is simplified. After the conical-surface synchronous meshing gear is used for a speed changing device, the design and manufacturing of the speed changing device can be simplified and reliability and power transmission efficiency of the speed changing device can be improved. When the conical-surface synchronous meshing gear is used for a coupler, the coupler is efficient in power transmission and can be simplified in structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of conical surface synchromesh gear, a kind of frictional force of utilizing the tapered circumferential surface of conical surface gear particularly is provided, make the engaging tooth wheels be converted to shift one's position after rotating speed in the engagement process approaches synchronously in separated state and finish engagement driving between the gear, be adapted at using in speed changer and the clutch.
Background technique
Power take-off need be with the rotational speed that is fit to and transmission of torque to load side, and for example the traffic tool such as automobile are extensive use of gear and other transmission devices change rotating speed and torque, and various speed change gears are widely used.Wherein gear transmission is acknowledged as the transmission efficiency height, and device volume is little and simple in structure.The device of employing gear graduation needs the problem of synchromesh when having the conversion gear, the various genlocing devices that adopt all need to adopt independent actuator to finish at present, and the cost that has increased device has also reduced reliability simultaneously.
Be subjected to people's attention in transmission design and application in recent years, successively disclose many innovation and creation, as Chinese invention patent 201220018764 etc.The ubiquitous difficult problem of these innovation and creation is complex structure, and power transfer efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of conical surface synchromesh gear, shift one's position after this gear utilizes the frictional force of the tapered circumferential surface of gear to make the rotating speed of engaging tooth wheels approach synchronously and finish engagement driving between the gear.The process of gear engagement is tried hard to recommend outside to move down and is finished automatically.
Conical surface synchromesh gear of the present invention, be in cylindrical gears one side end face from root circle to being processed with tapered circumferential surface between the top circle, two gears with the tapered circumferential surface of identical cone angle and the facewidth and gear meshing parameter constitute the engaging tooth wheels, the tapered circumferential surface of two gears is arranged in gear train relative side of gear motion direction again after separate, external force promotes this group gear and enters relative tapered circumferential surface contact engaging friction earlier transmission in the engagement process, when two gears in the driving gear set during near synchronous speed external force promote gear train and arrive complete engaging position and locking.Two gears in the engaging tooth wheels can also be used the split gear except using the one gear, it is with the locking of rigid material gear and the clamping of modulus and the number of teeth are the gear of consubstantiality equally by the tapered circumferential surface gear of flexible material making that employing split gear comprises a gear at least, another gear can use the gear that has with spline structure, also can use the steel rigid gear with the tapered circumferential surface of identical cone angle and the identical facewidth and gear meshing parameter to constitute the engaging tooth wheels, the consubstantiality gear that has flexible material after adopting under a kind of situation of combination is suitable for driving wheel, reduces because asymmetric wearing and tearing on the tapered circumferential surface of flexible gear that friction causes.The position of the tapered circumferential surface of each gear enters the top circle of the corresponding side of engagement to the whole circumference of root circle at two gears in the engaging tooth wheels.Complete for this tapered circumferential surface should make this circumferential surface exceed the scope of root diameter, and for the external tooth cylindrical gears, off-limits diameter should be less than root diameter 2mm to 3mm; For cylinder inner gear ', off-limits diameter should be greater than root diameter 2mm to 3mm.The big I of the tapered circumferential surface cone angle of gear is selected between 5 ° to 160 °, and best cone angle is between 30 ° to 120 °.Cone angle is more little, and the area of contact of tapered circumferential surface is more big between the driving gear set, and the frictional force of generation is also more big, but the increase of the facewidth of gear, the stroke of conversion gear is corresponding increase also, is unfavorable for the miniaturization of speed change gear integral body.
When selecting to use the one gear as the engaging tooth wheels, can select all to use steel material, but the frictional force between the tapered circumferential surface of gear is little, only is applicable to that speed change gear has the occasion of disjunction power transmission clutch.If selection steel gear and cast iron gear can increase the frictional force between tapered circumferential surface, selection copper base alloy gear and cast iron gear then frictional force can improve again.Select the split gear to mesh prerequisite for bigger frictional force at gear, and impact force can access buffering during the tapered circumferential surface contact of gear, by the steel gear engagement driving, improves operational efficiency and the working life of speed change gear when normally moving.The material of the tapered circumferential surface gear that flexible material is made can use the material manufacturing that relative steel rigid gear frictional behaviours such as ebonite, engineering plastics, cast iron, low hardness alloy and macromolecular material are good and have elasticity and wear resistance.Because the tapered circumferential surface gear of flexible material can be changed, and is convenient to the maintenance of speed change gear.For example in the gear housing of lubricant oil is arranged, can adopt copper base alloy to make tapered circumferential surface gear, Pei Dui circumferential surface gear then can cylinder iron be made with it.The control gear component enters suitable pressure between the tapered circumferential surface that provides constant in the engagement process from adopting electronic and hydraulic control with engagement at gear train, adopts balanced this pressure of the available damping spring of gear mode machinery control.
Gear in the engaging tooth wheels can adopt cylindrical gears and cylinder inner gear ' to constitute, and increases area of contact and the frictional force of the tapered circumferential surface of friction between gear train.Gear in the engaging tooth wheels constitutes as if the cylindrical gears that adopts the identical number of teeth and modulus and cylinder inner gear ', the area of contact of tapered circumferential surface and frictional force maximum between the gear train, the clutch of constant speed transmission after the formation friction synchromesh.
Form the partial gear teeth at tapered circumferential surface place and the edge, boundary of circumferential surface in the engaging tooth wheels and adopt the processing of Edge Blend angle, can avoid the frictionally damage of tapered circumferential surface.The radius of rounding can not be excessive, generally is advisable below 1mm, otherwise can reduces the area of tapered circumferential surface.For all adopting hard and soft combination with the transmission of body cone synchromesh gear in the engaging tooth wheels, the steel gear teeth edge at rigid gear and flexible gear junction plane place need adopt the bevelling to handle, and prevents in the engagement process because the stress deformation of flexible gear causes the axial dieback between the steel gear teeth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. be structure and the working principle schematic representation of conical surface synchromesh gear of the present invention;
Fig. 2. be the structural representation that conical surface synchromesh gear of the present invention uses the split gear;
Fig. 3. be to adopt split gear and one gear to constitute the working principle schematic representation of gear train;
Fig. 4. be to use the damping device structural drawing of mechanical step positioning type operating-controlling mechanism
Fig. 5. be to adopt cylindrical gears and cylinder inner gear ' to constitute the transmission schematic representation of engaging tooth wheels;
Fig. 6. be the structural drawing that number of teeth cylindrical gears such as employing and cylinder inner gear ' are formed clutch.
Embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a side of cylindrical gears 2 is processed into tapered circumferential surface, constitutes conical surface synchromesh gear of the present invention.Gear 2 is installed on the splined shaft 1 that can be free to slide, and is the one processing gear shaft with the tapered circumferential surface gear 3 of spline structure.Two gears have identical tapered circumferential surface cone angle, and 4 is marks of cone angle alpha among Fig. 1.Under external force gear 2 along be masked as during direction 5 is moved arrival figure L1 apart from the time, the tapered circumferential surface of two gears contacts, insist on outside continuous effect down the frictional force between the tapered circumferential surface make driving wheel and secondary speed be tending towards synchronous.Two gear rotational speeds approach distance and the location that back external force promotion gear 2 motions synchronously arrive L, and gear train is in complete engagement.The distance of gear 2 reversing motion L can enter neutral position when needing to separate.In the gear train on the tapered circumferential surface of two gears the edge, boundary of partial gear teeth and circumferential surface adopt rounding to handle the damage when preventing the conical surface contact friction.
Among Fig. 2, the modulus of flexible material conical surface gear 6 and rigid material gear 8 is identical with the number of teeth, and the teeth alignment back of two gears compresses with gland 9 and fastening screw 7 and forms the consubstantiality gear, constitutes hard and soft with the body cone synchromesh gear.One side of flexible material gear processes tapered circumferential surface, and circumferential surface covers to root circle from top circle.Partial gear teeth on the tapered circumferential surface and the intersection edges of circumferential surface are along adopting the Edge Blend angle to handle.The rigid gear endoporus of steel material is left the spline that is slidingly matched with splined shaft, is convenient to control gear and makes it mobile at splined shaft.Be equipped with hard and soft with the body cone synchromesh gear among Fig. 3 on the splined shaft 10, the tapered circumferential surface gear 3 of steel adopts gear and the technology of axle one to make, splined shaft 10 and the distance parallel installation of steel conical surface gear shaft 3 at a distance of two engaging gear Pitch radius sums constitute a pair of driving gear set.
Because gear needs to provide a suitable constant axial thrust from the process that is separated to engagement, adopt hydraulic pressure or Vidacare corp to realize such requirement easily.If adopt mechanical type position maneuver control device then need use balanced this thrust of elastic element.Fig. 4 is the control device schematic representation that adopts damping spring to achieve this end.Hard and soft consubstantiality gear is installed in slidably on the splined shaft 15 among Fig. 4, spring 11 is installed on the cylinder of steel gear disjunctor, the 13rd, the thrust-bearing of holddown spring, the 14th, control shift fork, shift fork moves along direction 12 and reaches the distance that gear train is finished engagement when needing gear to enter engagement, by the thrust-bearing 13 that can slide at the cylinder of steel gear disjunctor with spring compression, by spring promote hard and soft with the motion of body cone synchromesh gear and in gear train engagement prerequisite for the pressure between the tapered circumferential surface of an equilibrium, promote a hard and soft body cone synchromesh gear by spring 11 again after the gear train rotating speed approaches synchronously and replace in the engagement of rigid gear.
Fig. 5 adopts cylindrical gears and cylinder inner gear ' to constitute the transmission schematic representation of engaging tooth wheels, steel cylinder inner gear ' 17 among the figure constitutes the consubstantiality gear with the tapered circumferential surface internal gear 16 that flexible material is made by stop pin 18 and gland 19 lockings and after compressing, and constitutes driving gear set with the tapered circumferential surface gear 3 of technology making steel that adopts gear with the axle one.Because the circumferential surface curvature direction is identical, area of contact increases, and can transmit bigger sync pulling frictional force when the tapered circumferential surface of these two gears contacts.Number of teeth cylindrical gears and cylinder inner gear ' such as adopt to form driving gear set among Fig. 6, steel gear 21 is installed on the splined shaft 24 by splined hole, and the tapered circumferential surface gear of being made by copper base alloy 22 and steel gear 21 usefulness screw rods location also fasteningly constitute the consubstantiality gear.The tapered circumferential surface internal gear of being made by cast iron 25 is located with steel cylinder inner gear ' 26 usefulness pins 18 and is constituted the tapered circumferential surface cylinder inner gear ' of consubstantiality by friction top 27 is fastening.The tapered circumferential surface driving gear set of consubstantiality of two above-mentioned numbers of teeth such as gear composition, friction driving is finished by the tapered circumferential surface of copper-based alloy material and cast iron materials, can obtain bigger frictional force.The consubstantiality gear of forming with gear 22 and the steel gear 21 of tapered circumferential surface moves along direction 23 under external force, promotes gear and enters engagement.Because the oil resistance of copper base alloy and cast iron materials is good, do not influence the lubricated of rigid gear, when the torque of friction driving was big, these two kinds of materials can distribute fricative heat again fast.The cylindrical gears that the number of teeth equates and the tapered circumferential surface area of contact maximum of cylinder inner gear ' can be transmitted bigger moment of rotation.Finish the rotating speed that friction enters latter two gear shaft of rigid engagement state synchronously when this gear train and equate, constitute a drive clutch.Because this clutch is the rigid gear transmission when normally moving, power loss is little, the efficient height, and have characteristic of simple structure concurrently.
Claims (8)
1. conical surface synchromesh gear, it is characterized in that in cylindrical gears one side end face from root circle to being processed with tapered circumferential surface between the top circle, two gears with the tapered circumferential surface of identical cone angle and the facewidth and gear meshing parameter constitute the engaging tooth wheels, the tapered circumferential surface of two gears is arranged in gear train relative side of gear motion direction again after separate, external force promotes this group gear and enters relative tapered circumferential surface contact engaging friction earlier transmission in the engagement process, when two gears in the driving gear set during near synchronous speed external force promote gear train and arrive complete engaging position and locking.
2. according to the conical surface synchromesh gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that two gears in the engaging tooth wheels can also use the split gear except using the one gear, it is with the locking of rigid material gear and the clamping of modulus and the number of teeth are the gear of consubstantiality equally by the tapered circumferential surface gear of flexible material making that employing split gear comprises a gear at least, another gear can use the gear that has with spline structure, also can use the rigid gear with the tapered circumferential surface of identical cone angle and the identical facewidth and gear meshing parameter to constitute the engaging tooth wheels, the gear that has flexible material after adopting under a kind of situation of combination is suitable for driving wheel.
3. according to the conical surface synchromesh gear of claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that two gears in the engaging tooth wheels use different metal and nonmetallic material with frictional property and elasticity by pairing according to wear resistance, flexible material in the split gear can be selected ebonite, engineering plastics, composite and cast iron and copper base alloy.
4. according to the conical surface synchromesh gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that the big I of the tapered circumferential surface cone angle of gear is selected between 5 ° to 160 °, best cone angle is between 30 ° to 120 °.
5. according to the conical surface synchromesh gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that the control gear component is from adopting electronic and hydraulic control with engagement, enter suitable pressure between the tapered circumferential surface that provides constant in the engagement process at gear train, adopt balanced this pressure of the available damping spring of gear mode machinery control.
6. according to the conical surface synchromesh gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that the gear in the engaging tooth wheels can adopt cylindrical gears and cylinder inner gear ' to constitute, increase area of contact and the frictional force of tapered circumferential surface between the gear train.
7. according to the conical surface synchromesh gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that the gear in the engaging tooth wheels if adopt the cylindrical gears of the identical number of teeth and modulus and cylinder inner gear ' to constitute, area of contact and the frictional force maximum of the tapered circumferential surface of friction between gear train, the clutch of constant speed transmission after the formation friction synchromesh.
8. according to the conical surface synchromesh gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that forming the partial gear teeth at tapered circumferential surface place and edge, the boundary employing Edge Blend angle processing of circumferential surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201310129296 CN103195909A (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Conical-surface synchronous meshing gear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201310129296 CN103195909A (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Conical-surface synchronous meshing gear |
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| CN103195909A true CN103195909A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
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| CN 201310129296 Pending CN103195909A (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Conical-surface synchronous meshing gear |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105327945A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-17 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | Method for improving gear shifting success rate of leveling unit |
| CN107126869A (en) * | 2017-05-21 | 2017-09-05 | 深圳汇呈环保科技有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection paint matching device |
-
2013
- 2013-04-16 CN CN 201310129296 patent/CN103195909A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105327945A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-17 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | Method for improving gear shifting success rate of leveling unit |
| CN107126869A (en) * | 2017-05-21 | 2017-09-05 | 深圳汇呈环保科技有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection paint matching device |
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Application publication date: 20130710 |