CN103187461B - A kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system - Google Patents
A kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103187461B CN103187461B CN201110443337.6A CN201110443337A CN103187461B CN 103187461 B CN103187461 B CN 103187461B CN 201110443337 A CN201110443337 A CN 201110443337A CN 103187461 B CN103187461 B CN 103187461B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
A positioner for solar energy receiving system, comprises the first hydraulic system: be arranged between described pivoted frame and support frame as described above, for driving side that support frame as described above is rotationally connected with described pivoted frame taking bracing frame to rotate relative to described pivoted frame as axis; Described the first hydraulic system comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, and the standing part of described hydraulic cylinder and the end of action part are hinged with described pivoted frame and bracing frame respectively, or the action part of hydraulic system and standing part hinged with described pivoted frame and bracing frame respectively; The second hydraulic system: rotate taking the axis of revolving part as axle for ordering about pivoted frame; Described the second hydraulic system comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders, described the second hydraulic system also respectively corresponding each hydraulic cylinder be provided with the holder of fixed installation on the ground or on roof, the first end of described each hydraulic cylinder is hinged with each holder respectively, and its second end is connected by hinged mode with described revolving part respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new energy field, in particular, relate to a kind of location of solar energy receiving systemDevice.
Background technology
In disc type solar energy system, or carry out in the photovoltaic solar system of bidimensional tracking positioner pairThe tracking accuracy of solar azimuth is the important factor in order that affects its operating efficiency and utilization results of energy.For example, compared with common fixed type photovoltaic solar energy system, the solar energy photovoltaic panel of same sizeIf can be perpendicular with sunray all the time, its efficiency of energy utilization will increase greatly. For dish formula tooSun energy system, positioner is to the tracking accuracy of the position of sun basic premise of its work especially.
In at present common solar energy system, drive (the dish formula optically focused of the positioner real-time tracing sunMirror or photovoltaic panel) rotate method conventionally have two classes:
1) the adjustable motor of employing speed,, controls to motor transmitted signal by logic control systemMotor speed, and then whole condenser or photovoltaic panel are rotated according to predetermined direction and speed,Ensure that condenser or photovoltaic panel can, perpendicular to sunray, be come in this way at any one timeThe generating efficiency of raising system and generating total amount;
2) use hydraulic mechanism, use equally logic control system to fluid power system with the signal of telecommunication, controlThe stroke of hydraulic system processed and action, make whole system can aim at exactly at any one time sun institutePosition, raising system is to day tracking accuracy, thereby reaches the precision of raising system and service efficiencyObject.
Adopt motor-driven solar energy location device, want to realize the high accuracy of sunshine is followed the trail of, electricityMachine transmission need to adopt complicated reducing gear and the motor device of relatively high power, is being interrupted tracking bar simultaneouslyUnder part, can increase the power consumption of motor.
And mostly the positioner of the solar energy receiving system that existing employing hydraulic system drives is to adopt 2Individual or more than 2 hydraulic cylinder control, the wherein standing part of hydraulic cylinder fixed installation, action part with tooSunlight dash receiver is hinged, by the hydraulic cylinder of different length and by the different hydraulic cylinder of logical program controlMaking respectively different actions makes corresponding to order about sunshine dash receiver according to the residing diverse location of the sunAction. The defect of this positioner is:
1) rotation amplitude is limited, when morning or at dusk sunray approach time of level, hydraulic meansThe driving arm of force is limited, makes sunshine dash receiver be difficult to move to relevant position, and sunshine dash receiver can onlyEnough sun-tracings within limits;
2) allow to track sun position, be also difficult to ensure that the sunshine of accepting is with vertical angleDegree incides on sunshine dash receiver, and the utilization rate of sunshine will be had a greatly reduced quality;
3) the mechanical operation precision of motor-driven positioner is lower, and steadiness is poor;
4) power limited of motor, for the solar energy system of large-size and weight, uses motor to driveUnrealistic.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is: for solving determining in the solar energy system described in above-mentioned prior artThe defect of position device provides a kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system.
The present invention is the defect that solves above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of location of solar energy receiving system is providedDevice, described solar energy system comprises positioner and is fixedly mounted on the sunshine on described positionerDash receiver, described positioner comprises:
Revolving part: can its axis be that axle rotates;
Pivoted frame: be fixedly connected with described revolving part, rotate with described revolving part, described pivoted frame turnsWhen moving, drive described sunshine dash receiver to rotate thereupon;
Bracing frame: one side and pivoted frame are rotationally connected, described sunshine dash receiver is fixedly mounted on describedOn support;
The first hydraulic system: be arranged between described pivoted frame and support frame as described above, for driving described supportThe side that frame is rotationally connected with described pivoted frame taking bracing frame rotates relative to described pivoted frame as axis; Described firstHydraulic system comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, the end part of the standing part of described hydraulic cylinder and action partNot hinged with described pivoted frame and bracing frame, or the action part of hydraulic system and standing part respectively with instituteState pivoted frame and bracing frame is hinged;
The second hydraulic system: rotate taking the axis of revolving part as axle for ordering about pivoted frame; Described the second hydraulic pressureSystem comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders, described the second hydraulic system also respectively corresponding each hydraulic cylinder be provided with solidDingan County is contained in the holder on the ground or on roof, and the first end of described each hydraulic cylinder is respectively with each solidReservation is hinged, and its second end is connected by hinged mode with described revolving part respectively.
Support frame as described above is rotatably connected on side on pivoted frame and is hinged on and turns at short transverse and described hydraulic cylinderThe distance of the pin joint line on frame is D, and support frame as described above is rotatably connected on side on pivoted frame in levelThe distance that direction and described hydraulic cylinder are hinged on the pin joint line on pivoted frame is H, and described hydraulic cylinder is hingedPin joint on bracing frame with the distance that bracing frame is rotatably connected on the side on pivoted frame is in the horizontal directionL, must meet following relation between three: 1≤H/L≤15; 1≤H/D≤15.
Preferably, described the first hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders: the 4th hydraulic cylinder and the 5th hydraulic cylinder:,And L:H:D=1:3:1;
Described the 4th hydraulic cylinder respectively the projection of the plane at bracing frame place and the plane at pivoted frame place withDescribed the 4th hydraulic cylinder forms a plane, described plane respectively with plane and the pivoted frame at bracing frame placeThe plane at place is vertical;
Described the 5th hydraulic cylinder respectively the projection of the plane at bracing frame place and the plane at pivoted frame place withDescribed the 5th hydraulic cylinder forms a plane, described plane respectively with plane and the pivoted frame at bracing frame placeThe plane at place is vertical.
Preferably, described positioner also comprises the circular guideway of fixed installation on the ground or on roof,The center of circle of described guide rail and the axis coinciding of described revolving part, described pivoted frame comprises at least individual being slidably mounted onGuide wheel on described guide rail;
Described guide rail is circular groove, and described guide wheel is slidably mounted in the guide rail of described circular groove; OrDescribed in person, guide rail is circular platform, and described guide wheel rolls and is arranged on the bottom of described pivoted frame described circle againOn the guide rail of shape platform, roll and drive described pivoted frame to rotate.
Preferably, positioner comprises the pedestal of fixed installation on the ground or on roof, described pedestalBe provided with and rotate the central shaft of installing, described revolving part is described central shaft;
Or positioner comprises the pedestal of fixed installation on the ground or on roof, on described pedestal, establishesHave hard-wired central shaft, described revolving part is the axle sleeve being rotatably installed on described central shaft.
Preferably, the standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of described the second hydraulic system is b, with described hydraulic pressureDistance between holder and revolving part that cylinder is corresponding is c, the length of the push rod being connected with described hydraulic cylinderFor a, a≤0.8b, and b≤c≤3b.
Preferably, described the second hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders: the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder,Between a, b, c, meet following relation: a≤0.5b, 1.5b≤c≤2.5b.
Preferably, described revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, each liquid of described the second hydraulic systemThe second end of cylinder pressure is hinged with described push rod respectively; Described push rod comprises the first push rod and the second push rod, instituteThe second end of stating the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with described the first push rod and the second push rod respectively;
On described ground or on roof, be installed with two holders: the first holder and second is fixedSeat, the second end of described the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder is consolidated with described the first holder and second respectivelyReservation is hinged.
Preferably, described the second hydraulic system comprises three hydraulic cylinders: the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinderWith the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, 1.8b≤c≤2.8b.
Preferably, described revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, each liquid of described the second hydraulic systemThe second end of cylinder pressure is hinged with described push rod respectively; Described push rod comprises the first push rod, the second push rod andThree push rods, described three push rods are uniformly distributed, angle degree of being between any two, described the first hydraulic cylinder,The first end of two hydraulic cylinders and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder respectively with described the first push rod, the second push rod and the 3rd push rodHinged;
On described ground or on roof, be installed with three holders: the first holder, second is fixedSeat and the 3rd holder, the second end of described the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder respectivelyHinged with described the first holder, the second holder and the 3rd holder.
The positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention, by being used in conjunction with two cover hydraulic systems, keeps awayExempt from the shortcoming of the similar hydraulic mechanism of existing what is called. Existing driving mechanism in the time moving to some position,The arm of force of hydraulic stem is minimum, causes required hydraulic thrust very large, and practical application need to configure very largeHydraulic system. And in this patent, due to by supporting construction rotation in the horizontal direction with at vertical directionRotating separation, can design separately, avoided occurring such limitation. No matter be at heightIn direction or horizontal direction on, the anglec of rotation of whole supporting construction and solar energy system can meet whole dayWait, even azimuth changes the actual requirement that exceedes 180 °.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention one applied solar energy system;
Figure 2 shows that the applied solar energy system of the specific embodiment of the invention one the sun just out orWhen the sun has just been gone down the hill and one of them hydraulic cylinder is positioned on straight line with what corresponding push rod, overlook knotStructure schematic diagram;
Figure 3 shows that the plan structure schematic diagram of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment one;
The second hydraulic cylinder and second that Figure 4 shows that solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment two pushes awayPlan structure schematic diagram when bar is positioned on straight line;
The first hydraulic cylinder and first that Figure 5 shows that solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment two pushes awayPlan structure schematic diagram when bar is positioned on straight line;
The second hydraulic cylinder and first that Figure 6 shows that solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment three pushes awayPlan structure schematic diagram when bar is positioned on straight line;
The sunshine that Figure 7 shows that the sun has just risen or the sun sets is to be almost parallel to the degree of horizontal planeWhile irradiating ground, the structural representation of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment one;
While Figure 8 shows that solar noon sun light vertical irradiation ground, solar energy of the present invention location device is specifically realExecute the structural representation of example one;
Figure 9 shows that when sunshine and horizontal plane angulation are acute angle solar energy of the present invention location deviceThe structural representation of specific embodiment one;
Figure 10 shows that the structural representation of the solar energy location device of the specific embodiment of the invention four;
The specific embodiment four that Figure 11 shows that solar energy of the present invention location device the sun just out orWhen the sun has just been gone down the hill, and the plan structure schematic diagram that is in a straight line of the second hydraulic cylinder and the second push rod;
The sunshine that Figure 12 shows that the sun has just risen or the sun sets is to be almost parallel to horizontal planeWhen degree irradiates ground, the structural representation of solar energy of the present invention location device specific embodiment four;
While Figure 13 shows that solar noon sun light vertical irradiation ground, solar energy of the present invention location device is specifically realExecute the structural representation of example four;
Figure 14 shows that thrust hydraulic cylinder and bracing frame and the pivoted frame folder of three kinds of first different hydraulic systemsAngular curve graph of a relation;
Figure 15 shows that the hydraulic cylinder length of the first different hydraulic system of three kinds shown in Figure 14 and prop upSupport and pivoted frame angle curve relation figure.
Detailed description of the invention
The positioner of solar energy receiving system of the present invention can be applicable to the solar energy system of various sizes,Realize the high precision tracking of solar energy system to the sun, made the sunshine dash receiver can be at any time allKeep vertical with sunray, to realize the maximized sunshine of accepting of solar energy system. Use the present inventionThe positioner of solar energy receiving system can significantly improve solar energy system in operation process to tooThe track positioning accuracy of sun, guarantees that the reception flat board of solar energy can whole day real-time tracing sun's motion positionPut, to improve the utilization rate of solar energy system. Introduce in detail specific embodiment of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawingMode:
In this description:
1) control device does not belong to inventive point of the present invention, does not therefore do in this manual detailed explanation.
2) ground and roof mean to fixedly mount the position of solar energy system, are not limited to this, only conductTeachings.
3) hydraulic cylinder comprises hydraulic cylinder cylinder sleeve and is slidably mounted on piston or the guide rod in cylinder sleeve, in this theoryIn bright book, cylinder sleeve is defined as standing part, and movable guide rod or piston are defined as action part.
4) horizontal direction: direction parallel to the ground; Short transverse: direction perpendicular to the ground.
5) dead point: the hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system and connected push rod are in a straight line.
In solar energy system as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, solar system comprises solar energy location device and solidDingan County is contained in the sunshine dash receiver on positioner2, sunshine dash receiver 2 is provided with hard-wiredSolar energy acceptor 1 sends to control device with the signal such as intensity and angle of induction sunray. ControlDevice processed according to these feedback signals send again command adapted thereto to positioner to adjust sunshine dash receiver 2Position.
In actual applications, the embodiment shown in Fig. 3-Figure 13 be applied to solar energy system also can be according toCarry 1 and Fig. 2 shown in structure install and use, its of institute's abridged solar energy system in Fig. 3-Figure 13His part is that those skilled in the art easily expect with mounting means of the present invention, from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2Also be easy to find out, in other accompanying drawings of this description, repeat no more.
The invention provides four kinds of embodiments, the part-structure of four kinds of embodiments is identical, same sectionAs follows:
As shown in figure 1 to figure 13, positioner comprises:
Revolving part: can its axis be that axle rotates.
Pivoted frame 4: be fixedly connected with revolving part, rotate with revolving part, drive when pivoted frame 4 rotatesSunshine dash receiver 2 rotates thereupon.
Positioner comprises the pedestal 500 of fixed installation on the ground or on roof, on pedestal 500, establishesHave and rotate the central shaft 5 of installing, pivoted frame 4 is fixedly connected with revolving part, axle 5 centered by revolving part.
Can also be that positioner comprises the pedestal 500 of fixed installation on the ground or on roof, pedestal500 are provided with hard-wired central shaft 5, and pivoted frame 4 is fixed with the axle sleeve being rotatably installed on central shaft 5Connect, revolving part is the axle sleeve being rotatably installed on central shaft 5. This programme does not embody in the accompanying drawings,But those skilled in the art should learn the general configuration of this scheme according to above-mentioned character express.
Guide rail 9 is circular groove, and guide wheel is slidably mounted in the guide rail 9 of circular groove; Or guide rail 9For circular platform, guide wheel rolling is arranged on the bottom of pivoted frame 4 and also on the guide rail 9 of circular platform, rolls againAnd drive pivoted frame 4 to rotate.
In the present embodiment, central shaft 5 is rotatably installed on ground or on roof, can from figureGo out, in specific embodiments of the invention, on ground or roof is provided with hard-wired pedestal 500, inAxle 5 is rotatably installed in pedestal 500. The mounting means of specific embodiments of the invention is only for referencial use,The concrete mounting means of central shaft 5 is not subject to the restriction of specific embodiments of the invention.
The present embodiment transfer rack 4 is fixedly mounted on central shaft 5, can be to be also integrated with central shaft 5Structure, pivoted frame 4 comprises the guide wheel being slidably mounted on guide rail 9. Specific embodiments of the invention transferFrame 4 structure in the form of a substantially rectangular, Qi Sijiao is provided with 4 legs, and leg bottom is provided with to be slidably mounted on leadsGuide wheel in rail 9, its four jiaos are fixedly connected with central shaft 5 by connecting rod respectively. Concrete reality of the present inventionThe structure of executing routine pivoted frame 4 is only for referencial use, and the concrete structure of pivoted frame 4 is not subject to specific embodiments of the inventionRestriction.
Except of the present invention be the structure shown in example, can also be pivoted frame 4 and be rotatably installed in central shaft 5On axle sleeve be fixedly connected with or pivoted frame 4 is provided with the forms such as the axle sleeve of integrative-structure. The shape of pivoted frame 4Do not limit, can be polygonal can be also circular or other is irregularly shaped, can be that connecting rod props upShelf structure can be also tabular entity structure, and it comprises at least three guide wheels. Guide wheel can be both the peace of slidingBeing contained in the guide rail 9 of circular groove, can be also the roller that is rotatably installed in the leg bottom of pivoted frame 4,Drive pivoted frame 4 to rotate on the guide rail 9 of circular platform. In the time that guide rail 9 is platform, its shape is not limit,Because the scope of activities of pivoted frame 4 is circular, therefore be called circular platform. In the time that guide rail 9 is platform, not onlyReduce rotation friction suffered when solar energy location device rotates in the horizontal direction, and can makeObtain the foreign matters such as sandstone and be difficult for entering on the running orbit of roller, the event while having reduced whole supporting construction operationBarrier risk.
Bracing frame 3: one side and pivoted frame 4 are rotationally connected, and sunshine dash receiver 2 is fixedly mounted on supportOn frame 3.
As shown in the figure, the bracing frame 3 of specific embodiments of the invention is polygon steelframe, bracing frame 3A side of a side pivoted frame 4 connects by the mode being rotationally connected, and bracing frame 3 can turn relativelyFrame 3 rotates taking the side that is rotationally connected as axis. The structure of the bracing frame 3 of specific embodiments of the inventionOnly for referencial use, the concrete structure of bracing frame 3 is not subject to the restriction of specific embodiments of the invention.
The first hydraulic system: be arranged between pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3, for driving bracing frame 3 to prop upThe side that support 3 is rotationally connected with pivoted frame 4 is that axis rotates relative to pivoted frame 4; The first hydraulic system comprisesAt least one hydraulic cylinder, the standing part of hydraulic cylinder and the end of action part respectively with pivoted frame 4 and supportFrame 3 is hinged, or the action part of hydraulic system and standing part cut with scissors with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectivelyConnect.
In the first hydraulic system, bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 are rotationally connected by side between the two, withBe convenient to bracing frame 3 and can be under the effect of the first hydraulic system rotate taking the side that is rotationally connected as axle, therebyDrive sunshine dash receiver to keep motionless folder from guide rail 9 place planes according to different solar light irradiation anglesAngle, to guarantee the peak use rate of sunshine.
Concrete, in the present invention, the first hydraulic system comprises the 4th hydraulic cylinder 800 and the 5th hydraulic cylinder 801.
Concrete, the 4th hydraulic cylinder 800 is respectively at the plane at bracing frame 3 places and pivoted frame 4 placesThe projection of plane and the 4th hydraulic cylinder 800 form a plane, described plane respectively with bracing frame 3 placesPlane and the plane at pivoted frame 4 places vertical.
The 5th hydraulic cylinder 801 is respectively in the throwing of the plane at bracing frame 3 places and the plane at pivoted frame 4 placesShadow and the 5th hydraulic cylinder 801 form a plane, described plane respectively with the plane at bracing frame 3 places withAnd the plane at pivoted frame 4 places is vertical.
Labour-saving mounting means when the 4th hydraulic cylinder 800 and the 5th hydraulic cylinder 801 are installed in a manner described,Both working methods are for synchronously pushing away or synchronously drawing, and both models can be the same or different, typeWhen number identical, be more suitable for controlling and maintenance.
In specific embodiments of the invention the standing part of hydraulic system and action part respectively with pivoted frame 4 HesBracing frame 3 is hinged, in practical application, can be also the action part of hydraulic system and standing part respectively withDescribed pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 are hinged. By arranging between the bracing frame 3 being rotationally connected and pivoted frame 4The first hydraulic system is ordered about the sunshine dash receiver 2 being fixedly mounted on bracing frame 3 according to the sun and HorizonFace angulation turns in the plane vertical with sunshine, and more than rotational angle can reach 90 degree,So just can obtain maximized sunshine utilization rate.
At least can order about bracing frame 3 and be rotatably connected on pivoted frame with bracing frame 3 for ensureing the first hydraulic systemSide on 4 is that axis rotates 90 degree relative to pivoted frame 4. As shown in Fig. 8, Figure 13, with bracing frame 3The side being rotatably connected on pivoted frame 4 is hinged on the pin joint line on pivoted frame in short transverse and hydraulic cylinderDistance be D, it is hinged with hydraulic cylinder in the horizontal direction that bracing frame 3 is rotatably connected on side on pivoted frame 4The distance of the pin joint line on pivoted frame is H, and hydraulic cylinder is hinged on pin joint on bracing frame in levelThe distance that direction and bracing frame 3 are rotatably connected on the side on pivoted frame 4 is L. Between three must meet asLower relation: 1≤H/L≤15; 1≤H/D≤15.
Aspect the follow-up maintenance of consideration solar energy system, bracing frame 3 is rotatably connected on bracing frame 3Side on frame 4 is that the angular range that axis rotates relative to pivoted frame 4 need ensure at least can reach 135 degree.
The moment that is rotatably connected on the side on pivoted frame 4 with respect to bracing frame 3 when sunshine dash receiver isWhen 10000N.M, can find out when bracing frame 3 and pivoted frame 4 by experimental result as shown in figure 14When angle is 90 degree left and right, the active force minimum of hydraulic cylinder to bracing frame 3. When relative 90 degree of angle becomeLittle or increase time, hydraulic cylinder to the active force of bracing frame 3 all exponentially increase. And the type selecting of hydraulic cylinderSelect according to required maximum force.
As can be seen from the figure, when L, H constant, D increase time:
When bracing frame 3 is 0 degree left and right with the angle of pivoted frame 4, the D more motive force of small cylinder is less,When bracing frame 3 and the angle of pivoted frame 4 are greater than 90 while spending, the D more pulling force of small cylinder is larger. At dotted lineWith in the curve of solid line, can find that hydraulic cylinder appears on dotted line the maximum force of bracing frame. ThereforeD is larger, and the power of required hydraulic cylinder is also larger, if but D select too smallly,, hydraulic cylinder canSelect length less, cause finding suitable hydraulic cylinder.
When H, D constant, L increase time:
When bracing frame 3 is 0 degree left and right with the angle of pivoted frame 4, the L more motive force of small cylinder is larger,When bracing frame 3 and the angle of pivoted frame 4 are greater than 90 while spending, the L more pulling force of small cylinder is larger. But LIf H is excessive relatively, the selectable length of hydraulic cylinder is less, causes finding suitable hydraulic cylinder.
Because hydraulic cylinder in the course of the work its length can stretch, and is that action part is complete the most in short-termBe retracted in standing part, when the longest, be that action part extend out to completely from standing part the longest. CanBe interpreted as in conventional hydraulic cylinder, its maximum length can not exceed the twice of its minimum length. And from Figure 15In can find out, the hydraulic cylinder minimum length of chain-dotted line representative is 1.41m (compression) to maximum lengthThe state of 5.03m (stretching), is difficult to choose suitable hydraulic cylinder. More convenient in hydraulic cylinder type selectingCurve in, known in conjunction with Figure 14, the hydraulic cylinder type selecting of solid line representative is convenient and power is relatively little.
In the curve of Figure 14 and Figure 15, can find that hydraulic cylinder type selecting is easily in situation, hydraulic cylinder pairThe minimum force of bracing frame appears on solid line, and therefore the ratio of L, H, D is with chain-dotted line representative1:3:1 be preferred value.
Because the power of hydraulic cylinder is when larger, its cost is higher, and its size is also larger, safeguards that installation difficulty alsoIncrease thereupon. By above-mentioned evidence, and Comprehensive analysis results shows ratio excellent of L, H, DChoosing value is 2:3:1.
The first hydraulic system: be arranged between pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3, for driving bracing frame 3 to prop upThe side that support 3 is rotationally connected with pivoted frame 4 is that axis rotates relative to pivoted frame 4; The first hydraulic system comprisesAt least one hydraulic cylinder, the standing part of hydraulic cylinder and the end of action part respectively with pivoted frame 4 and supportFrame 3 is hinged, or the action part of hydraulic system and standing part cut with scissors with pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 respectivelyConnect
Concrete, revolving part is provided with hard-wired push rod, the second end of each hydraulic cylinder respectively with push rodConnect by hinged mode.
In specific embodiments of the invention the standing part of hydraulic system and action part respectively with pivoted frame 4 HesBracing frame 3 is hinged, in practical application, can be also the action part of hydraulic system and standing part respectively withDescribed pivoted frame 4 and bracing frame 3 are hinged. By arranging between the bracing frame 3 being articulated and connected and pivoted frame 4The first hydraulic system is ordered about the sunshine dash receiver 2 being fixedly mounted on bracing frame 3 according to the sun and HorizonFace angulation turns in the plane vertical with sunshine, and more than rotational angle can reach 90 degree,So just can obtain maximized sunshine utilization rate.
Cause the first hydraulic system and the second hydraulic system are ordered about solar energy location by different hydraulic cylinders respectivelyDevice moves to realize the accurate tracking of solar energy system to sunray in different azimuth. This positioning systemsSystem both can be applied in small-sized solar system, also can be applied in ultra-large type solar energy system. ExistingThe electric motor driven solar energy system having is because of the limitation of motor power (output), when solar energy system reaches oneDetermining degree be not just suitable for. And hydraulic cylinder needs only choosing to model, its driving force is changeable, does not have completelyThere is limitation. And different hydraulic cylinders can be by different holding wire control, action can simplified as far as possibleSun-tracing light as soon as possible in situation.
The range of operation of the hydraulic structure design of the first hydraulic system of the positioner of solar energy receiving systemExtensively, the simple putter type supporting construction of employing globe joint different from the past, this kind of hydraulic structure canMake the operating range of whole system exceed easily 90 degree, and the unlikely anglec of rotation that appears at push away when largerThe situation that the suffered thrust of bar sharply increases. And the first hydraulic pressure system of the positioner of solar energy receiving systemSystem under the condition that meets L:H:D=1:3:1, can ensure bracing frame can relative to pivoted frame rotate 135 ° withUpper, the specification of the first hydraulic system and cost can also be dropped to minimum, to thering is identical weight or generationThe sunshine dash receiver of identical torque, can use less hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic stem, can complete to beThe requirement that system rotates in whole short transverse. The difference of four embodiment of the present invention is:
Embodiment 1,2,3:
The second hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders as shown in Figures 1 to 9: the first hydraulic cylinder 700 andTwo hydraulic cylinders 701.
Central shaft 5 is provided with hard-wired push rod: the first push rod 600 and the second push rod 601, the firstThe first end of hydraulic cylinder 700 and the second hydraulic cylinder 701 respectively with the first push rod 600 and the second push rod 601Hinged.
Wherein between the first push rod 600 and the second push rod 601, angulation is 0 °～180 °. The present inventionEmbodiment mono-between two push rods institute to be angle be 90 °, in embodiment bis-, between two push rods, be angleBe 180 °, in embodiment tri-, between two push rods, being angle is 0 °. The difference of embodiment 1,2,3 onlyBe this, other parts are roughly the same.
On ground or on roof, be installed with two holders: the first holder 710 and second is fixedThe second end of seat 711, the first hydraulic cylinders 700 and the second hydraulic cylinder 701 respectively with the first holder 710Hinged with the second holder 711.
When concrete enforcement, the hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system can be pivoted frame to be applied to motive force simultaneously,Also can be pivoted frame to be applied to pulling force, can also be that push-and-pull is used in conjunction with simultaneously, specifically can be according to controlling dressThe instruction of putting is implemented.
The standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system is b, the holder corresponding with hydraulic cylinder withDistance between revolving part is c, and the length of the push rod being connected with hydraulic cylinder is a. Full between a, b, cFollowing relation: a≤0.5b of foot, b≤c≤3b. For ensureing that the second hydraulic system can drive pivoted frame 4 to rotateAngle is not less than 180 degree, between a, b, c three, must meet above-mentioned condition, because of between a, b, cThe angle of relation also and between push rod is relevant, and therefore b≤c≤3b can not meet all situations completely. 1.5bWhen≤c≤2.5b, no matter between push rod, angle is much, can ensure the second hydraulic system energy when a≤0.5bThe angle that drives pivoted frame 4 to rotate is not less than 180 degree.
When all hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system is during all in dead-centre position, in the situation that there is no external force,The second hydraulic system of solar energy location device cannot turn round. And when at least one of the second hydraulic systemHydraulic cylinder is not during for dead point state, and the second hydraulic system all or can normally work.
For avoiding occurring all situations in dead-centre position of all hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system, when firstWhen hydraulic cylinder 700 and the first push rod 600 are positioned on straight line, the second hydraulic cylinder 701, the second push rod601 and second holder 711 form triangle with the line of revolving part; Or when the second hydraulic cylinder 701While being positioned on straight line with the second push rod 601, the first hydraulic cylinder 700, the first push rod 600 and firstHolder 710 forms triangle with the line of revolving part.
Proportionate relationship scope between above-mentioned a, b, c three has been avoided the second hydraulic system wellAll hydraulic cylinder is simultaneously mutual in the course of the work in the hydraulic cylinder of dead point state or the second hydraulic systemConflict. Concrete, meeting a≤0.5b, and when b≤c≤3b, can realize the second hydraulic systemThe positioner of solar energy receiving system can drive the rotation taking the axis of revolving part as axle of whole positionerMore than exceeding 180 degree. Concrete, at 1.5b≤c≤2.5b, can also realize solar energy receiving systemThe hydraulic cylinder that positioner can be avoided the second hydraulic system is not that to contradict each other be exactly mutual in the time of operationSituation about disconnecting.
Embodiment 4:
The second hydraulic system comprises three hydraulic cylinders as shown in Figure 10 to Figure 13: the first hydraulic cylinder 700,The second hydraulic cylinder 701 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 702.
Central shaft 5 is provided with hard-wired push rod: the first push rod 600, the second push rod 601 and the 3rdThe first end of push rod 602, the first hydraulic cylinders 700, the second hydraulic cylinder 701 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 702 respectivelyHinged with the first push rod 600, the second push rod 601 and the 3rd push rod 602.
In the present embodiment, three push rods are uniformly distributed, and angle is between any two 120 degree. Specifically makeUsed time is not limited by the present embodiment, just takes equally distributed mode more favourable for hydraulic cylinder type selecting.
On ground or on roof, be installed with three holders: the first holder 710, second fixingSeat 711 and the 3rd holder 712, the first hydraulic cylinders 700, the second hydraulic cylinder 701 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinderThe second end of 702 is hinged with the first holder 710, the second holder 711 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 712 respectively.
When concrete enforcement, the hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system can be pivoted frame to be applied to motive force simultaneously,Also can be pivoted frame to be applied to pulling force, can also be that push-and-pull is used in conjunction with simultaneously, specifically can be according to controlling dressThe instruction of putting is implemented.
The standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system is b, the holder corresponding with hydraulic cylinder withDistance between revolving part is c, and the length of the push rod being connected with hydraulic cylinder is a. Full between a, b, cFollowing relation: a≤0.8b of foot, b≤c≤3b. For ensureing that the second hydraulic system can drive pivoted frame 4 to rotateAngular range, in 180 degree, must meet above-mentioned condition between a, b, c three, because of a, b, c itBetween the angle of relation also and between push rod relevant, it is in love that therefore b≤c≤3b can not meet institute completelyCondition. When 1.8b≤c≤2.8b, no matter between push rod, angle is much, when a≤0.8b, can ensure the second liquidPressing system can drive angular range that pivoted frame 4 rotates in 180 degree.
When all hydraulic cylinder of the second hydraulic system is during all in dead-centre position, in the situation that there is no external force,The second hydraulic system of solar energy location device cannot turn round. And when at least one of the second hydraulic systemHydraulic cylinder is not during for dead point state, and the second hydraulic system all or can normally work.
Proportionate relationship scope between above-mentioned a, b, c three has been avoided the second hydraulic system wellAll hydraulic cylinder is simultaneously mutual in the course of the work in the hydraulic cylinder of dead point state or the second hydraulic systemConflict. Concrete, meeting a≤0.8b, and when b≤c≤3b, can realize the second hydraulic systemThe positioner of solar energy receiving system can drive the rotation taking the axis of revolving part as axle of whole positionerMore than exceeding 180 degree. Concrete, at 1.8b≤c≤2.8b, can also realize solar energy receiving systemThe hydraulic cylinder that positioner can be avoided the second hydraulic system is not that to contradict each other be exactly mutual in the time of operationSituation about disconnecting.
In the present embodiment, the action of these three hydraulic cylinders is carried out according to time sequencing, in the morningWhen the sun occurs, the first hydraulic cylinder 700 comes into operation, when the action part of this hydraulic cylinder moves to oneWhen allocation, stop motion, then continues to drive (push away or draw) whole pivoted frame by the second hydraulic cylinder 7014 rotate in orbit, in the time that the second hydraulic cylinder 701 turns to certain position, stop action, then byThe 3rd hydraulic cylinder 702 drives (push away or draw) pivoted frame 4 to turn round in orbit.
The second hydraulic system of the positioner of solar energy receiving system has two kinds of detailed description of the invention: compriseThe second hydraulic system of two hydraulic cylinders and the second hydraulic system that comprises three hydraulic cylinders, this two kind secondHydraulic system can drive whole positioner taking the axis of revolving part as axle rotation exceed 180 degree withOn. And each hydraulic cylinder can be controlled by different signalling channels. The hydraulic pressure of 2 concrete hydraulic cylindersSystem cost is lower, controls more convenient. The hydraulic system of 3 hydraulic cylinders has reduced each hydraulic cylinderStroke range, the hydraulic system of having avoided better hydraulic cylinder is not to contradict each other to be exactly in the time of operationSituation about disconnecting mutually, and the power of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system of relative 2 hydraulic cylinders of single hydraulic cylinder is wantedAsk lower.
The positioner of solar energy receiving system, by being used in conjunction with two covers hydraulic subsystem independently mutuallyControl the running of whole solar energy system, they control respectively whole positioner at short transverse and waterThe anglec of rotation square upwards, in arbitrary moment of whole day, comprises morning that sun altitude is very little and is close toIn evening, ensure that sunshine dash receiver can be perpendicular with the sunray of incident, makes solar energy receiving planeOperation no longer includes dead angle, can the longer time receive fully solar energy, guarantees in arbitrary moment of whole daySunshine dash receiver can both be aimed at the position at sun place exactly.
The positioner of solar energy receiving system, by being used in conjunction with two covers hydraulic subsystem independently mutuallyControl the running of whole solar energy system, two cover hydraulic subsystems use respectively the hydraulic cylinder cooperatively interactingDrive respectively pivoted frame and bracing frame action, the duty of the hydraulic cylinder of every cover hydraulic subsystem can basisStretching appears in actual conditions simultaneously, shrink, or one stretches the duty of a contracting simultaneously, and can lead to respectivelyCross different signalling channels and control the real work of each independent hydraulic cylinder. The power of hydraulic cylinder andThe factors such as cost make the location dress of solar energy receiving system be applicable to that size is large, weight is largerSolar energy receiving system. The stabilized structure of the positioner of solar energy receiving system is good, is different from aforementionedSimilar hydraulic mechanism, the supporting construction of the rotating base adopting in this patent, has strengthened the whole sunThe steadiness of energy system, is particularly positioned at the circular guideway design of bottom, and whole solar energy system is existedGround impetus expanded range, has increased the stability under the bad weathers such as high wind greatly, unlikelyTopple because high wind etc. is former thereby cause whole system to shake even.
Pass in this description between a of indication, b, c be the corresponding holder of same hydraulic cylinder,Push rod and the size of self. Be applicable to other hydraulic cylinders in same embodiment.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that general for the artLogical technical staff, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement and profitDecorations, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a positioner for solar energy receiving system, described solar energy system comprises positioner and solidDingan County is contained in the sunshine dash receiver (2) on described positioner, it is characterized in that described positionerComprise:
Revolving part: can its axis be that axle rotates;
Pivoted frame (4): be fixedly connected with described revolving part, rotate with described revolving part, described in turnFrame (4) drives described sunshine dash receiver (2) to rotate while rotation thereupon;
Bracing frame (3): one side and pivoted frame (4) are rotationally connected, described sunshine dash receiver (2) is solidDingan County is contained on support frame as described above (3);
The first hydraulic system: be arranged between described pivoted frame (4) and support frame as described above (3), for drivingThe side that moving support frame as described above (3) is rotationally connected taking bracing frame (3) and described pivoted frame (4) is as axis phaseDescribed pivoted frame (4) is rotated; Described the first hydraulic system comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, described hydraulic cylinderStanding part and the end of action part hinged with described pivoted frame (4) and bracing frame (3) respectively, orThe action part of person's hydraulic system and standing part are hinged with described pivoted frame (4) and bracing frame (3) respectively;The side that support frame as described above (3) is rotatably connected on pivoted frame (4) cuts with scissors in short transverse and described hydraulic cylinderThe distance that is connected on the pin joint line on pivoted frame (4) is D, and support frame as described above (3) is rotatably connected onSide on frame (4) is hinged on the pin joint line on pivoted frame (4) with described hydraulic cylinder in the horizontal directionDistance be H, described hydraulic cylinder be hinged on pin joint on bracing frame (3) in the horizontal direction with bracing frame(3) distance that is rotatably connected on the side on pivoted frame (4) is L, between three, must meet as ShiShimonosekiSystem: 1≤H/L≤15; 1≤H/D≤15;
The second hydraulic system: rotate taking the axis of revolving part as axle for ordering about pivoted frame (4); Described secondHydraulic system comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders, described the second hydraulic system also respectively corresponding each hydraulic cylinder establishHave the holder being fixedly mounted on the ground or on roof, the first end of described each hydraulic cylinder respectively withEach holder is hinged, and its second end is connected by hinged mode with described revolving part respectively; Described secondThe standing part length of the hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic system is b, the holder corresponding with described hydraulic cylinder and rotationDistance between part is c, and the length of the push rod being connected with described hydraulic cylinder is a, a≤0.8b, and b≤c≤3b。
2. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, instituteState the first hydraulic system and comprise two hydraulic cylinders: the 4th hydraulic cylinder (800) and the 5th hydraulic cylinder: (801),And L:H:D=1:3:1;
Described the 4th hydraulic cylinder (800) is respectively in plane and pivoted frame (4) institute at bracing frame (3) placePlane projection and described the 4th hydraulic cylinder (800) form a plane, described plane respectively withThe plane at the plane at support (3) place and pivoted frame (4) place is vertical;
Described the 5th hydraulic cylinder (801) is respectively in plane and pivoted frame (4) institute at bracing frame (3) placePlane projection and described the 5th hydraulic cylinder (801) form a plane, described plane respectively withThe plane at the plane at support (3) place and pivoted frame (4) place is vertical.
3. according to the positioner of the solar energy receiving system described in claim 1-2 any one, its featureBe, described positioner also comprises the circular guideway (9) of fixed installation on the ground or on roof,The center of circle of described guide rail (9) and the axis coinciding of described revolving part, described pivoted frame (4) comprises at least 3The individual guide wheel being slidably mounted on described guide rail (9);
Described guide rail (9) is circular groove, and described guide wheel is slidably mounted on the guide rail (9) of described circular grooveIn; Or described guide rail (9) is circular platform, described guide wheel rolls and to be arranged on described pivoted frame (4)On bottom the again guide rail of described circular platform (9), roll and drive described pivoted frame (4) to rotate.
4. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, fixedPosition device comprises the pedestal (500) of fixed installation on the ground or on roof, on described pedestal (500)Be provided with and rotate the central shaft (5) of installing, described revolving part is described central shaft (5);
Or positioner comprises the pedestal (500) of fixed installation on the ground or on roof, described baseSeat (500) is provided with hard-wired central shaft (5), and described revolving part is for being rotatably installed in described centerAxle sleeve on axle (5).
5. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, instituteState the second hydraulic system and comprise two hydraulic cylinders: the first hydraulic cylinder (700) and the second hydraulic cylinder (701),Between a, b, c, meet following relation: a≤0.5b, 1.5b≤c≤2.5b.
6. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, instituteState revolving part and be provided with hard-wired push rod, the second end of each hydraulic cylinder of described the second hydraulic system dividesNot hinged with described push rod; Described push rod comprises the first push rod (600) and the second push rod (601), described inThe second end of the first hydraulic cylinder (700) and the second hydraulic cylinder (701) respectively with described the first push rod (600)Hinged with the second push rod (601);
On described ground or on roof, be installed with two holders: the first holder (710) andTwo holders (711), the second end of described the first hydraulic cylinder (700) and the second hydraulic cylinder (701) dividesNot hinged with described the first holder (710) and the second holder (711).
7. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, instituteState the second hydraulic system and comprise three hydraulic cylinders: the first hydraulic cylinder (700), the second hydraulic cylinder (701) andThe 3rd hydraulic cylinder (702), 1.8b≤c≤2.8b.
8. the positioner of solar energy receiving system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, instituteState revolving part and be provided with hard-wired push rod, the second end of each hydraulic cylinder of described the second hydraulic system dividesNot hinged with described push rod; Described push rod comprises the first push rod (600), the second push rod (601) and the 3rdPush rod (602), described three push rods are uniformly distributed, and angle is 120 degree between any two, described the first liquidThe first end of cylinder pressure (700), the second hydraulic cylinder (701) and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder (702) is respectively with describedThe first push rod (600), the second push rod (601) and the 3rd push rod (602) are hinged;
On described ground or on roof, be installed with three holders: the first holder (710),Two holders (711) and the 3rd holder (712), described the first hydraulic cylinder (700), the second hydraulic cylinder(701) the second end of the and three hydraulic cylinder (702) respectively with described the first holder (710), secondHolder (711) and the 3rd holder (712) are hinged.
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| CN201110443337.6A CN103187461B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | A kind of positioner of solar energy receiving system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| ES2495590B1 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2015-07-07 | Sener Ingeniería Y Sistemas, S.A. | Azimuthal rotation mechanism for solar trackers |
| CN104065333B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-09-14 | 苏州卫生职业技术学院 | A kind of dual control solar automatic positioning equipment |
| CN105790692A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 张建孝 | Combined automatic tracking solar photovoltaic power station |
| ES2658390B2 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-10-03 | Sener, Ingeniería Y Sistemas, S.A. | Azimuthal and lifting mechanism for solar tracker |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101403926A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-04-08 | 北京交通大学 | Hydraulic three-rod support type solar tracking apparatus |
| CN102109852A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-06-29 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-day automatic tracking system |
| CN102158132A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-08-17 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-dome hydraulic-drive solar tracking system |
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2011
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101403926A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-04-08 | 北京交通大学 | Hydraulic three-rod support type solar tracking apparatus |
| CN102109852A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-06-29 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-day automatic tracking system |
| CN102158132A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-08-17 | 江苏武进液压启闭机有限公司 | All-dome hydraulic-drive solar tracking system |
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