CN103178530A - Intelligent high-voltage thyristor switched capacitor (TSC) reactive compensation device - Google Patents
Intelligent high-voltage thyristor switched capacitor (TSC) reactive compensation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent high-voltage thyristor switched capacitor (TSC) reactive compensation device which comprises a potential current transformer, a signal adjusting unit, a digital signal processor (DSP) main control and display unit, an optical fiber isolation and thyristor driving unit and a reactive compensation main wiring unit, wherein the signal adjusting unit comprises a voltage amplitude adjustment module, a current amplitude adjustment module, a synchronous square wave generation module, a filter module and a lifting module which are sequentially connected; outputs of the synchronous square wave generation module and the lifting module are respectively connected with an input capture hole and an analog-to-digital (AD) conversion hole of a DSP in the DSP main control and display unit; an output input/output (IO) port of the DSP in the DSP main control and display unit is connected with an input end of an optical fiber transmitter of the optical fiber isolation and thyristor driving unit; and an output end of the optical fiber isolation and thyristor driving unit is connected with a gate pole and a cathode of a thyristor in the reactive compensation main wiring unit. The intelligent high-voltage TSC reactive compensation device realizes zero-crossing voltage input and capacitor bank cyclical switchover, does not have the problem of switching oscillation, and is used for reactive compensation of transformer substations in the industries such as metallurgy, steel and coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactive power compensator, TSC type reactive power compensator especially belongs to the reactive power compensation technology field.
Background technology
At present, China's reactive power compensator mostly is mechanical switch switched capacitor MSC and thyristor switchable capacitor TSC.MSC can not drop into it due to mechanical switch length operate time and unsteadiness quickly and accurately at voltage over zero, easily cause excessive shoving, damage capacitor group.And easily produce electric arc when disconnecting the capacitor group, cause the mechanical switch contact arc discharge to burn, bring unnecessary trouble to the maintenance personal.And the switching cycle of the most unrealized capacitor groups of current TSC device, and having the problem of throw in-of oscillation, this can reduce the average life of capacitor group undoubtedly, causes the unstable of system.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of existing reactive power compensator, the invention provides a kind of intelligent high-pressure TSC reactive power compensator, can realize that voltage zero-cross drops into, capacitor group switching cycle, and not have the throw in-of oscillation problem, compensating reactive power, improve power factor fast and accurately.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: intelligent TSC reactive power compensator comprises voltage current transformer (1), signal adjustment unit (2), DSP master control and display unit (3), optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit (4) and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5); Signal adjustment unit (2) comprises voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1), current amplitude adjusting module (2-2), synchronous square wave generation module (2-3), filtration module (2-4) and the lifting module (2-5) that connects successively; The output of synchronous square wave generation module (2-3) and lifting module (2-5) is connected with AD conversion mouth with the input capture mouth of the middle dsp chip TMS320F28335 of display unit (3) with the DSP master control respectively; The DSP master control is connected with the fiber optic transmitter HFBR-1521 input of thyristor driver unit (4) with the optical fiber isolation with the output IO mouth of the middle dsp chip TMS320F28335 of display unit (3); In the output of optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit (4) and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5), the gate pole of corresponding thyristor is connected with negative electrode.Voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1) is made of accurate AC voltage transformer (SPT1, SPT2, SPT3), operational amplifier (A1, A2, A3), diode (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6), resistance (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6) and electric capacity (C1, C2, C3); Current amplitude adjusting module (2-2) is made of accurate AC current transformer (SCT1, SCT2, SCT3), operational amplifier (A4, A5, A6), diode (D7, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12), resistance (R7, R8, R9) and electric capacity (C4, C5, C6); Synchronous square wave generation module (2-3) is made of voltage comparator (B1), diode, resistance and electric capacity (C7); Filtration module (2-4) is made of operational amplifier (A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12), resistance and electric capacity; The lifting module is made of operational amplifier (A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18) and resistance; DSP master control and display unit (3) are made of dsp chip TMS320F28335, phase-locked loop CD4046,12 binary string linage-counter CD4040, hardware watchdog MAX706AT, touch display screen (LCD), resistance and electric capacity; Optical fiber isolation with thyristor driver unit (4) by triode (Qn), optical fiber, fiber optic transmitter HFBR-1521, fiber optic receiver HFBR-2521,555 timer NE555, consist of with a door 74HC08, pulse transformer (Tn), resistance and electric capacity; Reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5) is made of lightning arrester (FV), three-station (QSn), thyristor valve group, reactor (Ln), earthed switch (QG1n, QG2n), fuse (FUn), capacitor, discharge coil (TVn).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, can be in metallurgy, iron and steel, coal constant power factor low field compensating reactive power fast and accurately, be particularly useful for the occasion of power factor frequent variations.Its shove low, realized capacitor group switching cycle, do not had the throw in-of oscillation problem, therefore safe and reliable.
Description of drawings
Describe in more detail exemplary embodiment of the present invention by the reference accompanying drawing, above and other aspect of the present invention and advantage will become and more be readily clear of, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the general frame of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is signal adjustment unit circuit theory diagrams in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is DSP master control and display unit circuit schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver element circuit schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is reactive power compensation main electrical scheme element circuit schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is DSP master control and display unit main program flow chart in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, now with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described more fully, various embodiment shown in the drawings.Yet the present invention can implement in many different forms, and should not be interpreted as being confined to embodiment set forth herein.On the contrary, it will be thorough with completely providing these embodiment to make the disclosure, and scope of the present invention is conveyed to those skilled in the art fully.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1,2,3,4,5, intelligent TSC reactive power compensator comprises voltage current transformer (1), signal adjustment unit (2), DSP master control and display unit (3), optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit (4) and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5); Signal adjustment unit (2) comprises voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1), current amplitude adjusting module (2-2), synchronous square wave generation module (2-3), filtration module (2-4) and the lifting module (2-5) that connects successively; The output of synchronous square wave generation module (2-3) and lifting module (2-5) is connected with AD conversion mouth with the input capture mouth of the middle dsp chip TMS320F28335 of display unit (3) with the DSP master control respectively; The DSP master control is connected with the fiber optic transmitter HFBR-1521 input of thyristor driver unit (4) with the optical fiber isolation with the output IO mouth of the middle dsp chip TMS320F28335 of display unit (3); In the output of optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit (4) and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5), the gate pole of corresponding thyristor is connected with negative electrode.Voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1) is made of accurate AC voltage transformer (SPT1, SPT2, SPT3), operational amplifier (A1, A2, A3), diode (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6), resistance (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6) and electric capacity (C1, C2, C3); Current amplitude adjusting module (2-2) is made of accurate AC current transformer (SCT1, SCT2, SCT3), operational amplifier (A4, A5, A6), diode (D7, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12), resistance (R7, R8, R9) and electric capacity (C4, C5, C6); Synchronous square wave generation module (2-3) is made of voltage comparator (B1), diode, resistance and electric capacity (C7); Filtration module (2-4) is made of operational amplifier (A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12), resistance and electric capacity; The lifting module is made of operational amplifier (A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18) and resistance; DSP master control and display unit (3) are made of dsp chip TMS320F28335, phase-locked loop CD4046,12 binary string linage-counter CD4040, hardware watchdog MAX706AT, touch display screen (LCD), resistance and electric capacity; Optical fiber isolation with thyristor driver unit (4) by triode (Qn), optical fiber, fiber optic transmitter HFBR-1521, fiber optic receiver HFBR-2521,555 timer NE555, consist of with a door 74HC08, pulse transformer (Tn), resistance and electric capacity; Reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5) is made of lightning arrester (FV), three-station (QSn), thyristor valve group, reactor (Ln), earthed switch (QG1n, QG2n), fuse (FUn), capacitor, discharge coil (TVn).
The course of work of this device is (referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2):
device powers on, A, B, the C three-phase phase voltage is respectively through voltage transformer pt 1, PT2, enter voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1) after PT3, A, B, C triple line electric current is respectively through Current Transmit 1, CT2, enter current amplitude adjusting module (2-2) after CT3, adjust the amplitude size of voltage and current signal, enter respectively afterwards filtration module (2-4) separately, the filtering high order harmonic component, then by lifting module (2-5), make signal all be converted into positive voltage signal, the AD conversion mouth that enters at last dsp chip TMS320F28335 carries out the sampling of electric current and voltage.Simultaneously, the A phase voltage signal is after voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1), also need enter synchronous square wave generation module (2-3) and form square-wave signal, square-wave signal enters input capture mouth and the phase-locked loop CD4046 of dsp chip TMS320F28335, to calculate the electrical network cycle and to guarantee an electrical network 128 points of sampling in the cycle.Dsp chip TMS320F28335 carries out analytical calculation to the three-phase voltage current signal that samples according to the control strategy that power factor combines with reactive power.Drop into a group capacitor group lower than the predetermined lower bound value when power factor all can cause that power factor surpasses predetermined upper limit value the time, select not drop into; When power factor arrives predetermined upper limit value and excises a group capacitor group all can cause power factor lower than the predetermined lower bound value time, select not excise.Can prevent so unique two kinds of situations that throw in-of oscillation occurs.In fact, the appearance of both of these case is improper the causing of choosing due to capacity of capacitor bank, thus arrange this moment DSP send information to touch display screen with reminding user.Remove outside two kinds of situations last time, during lower than the predetermined lower bound value, select to drop into the capacitor group when power factor; During higher than predetermined upper limit value, select excision capacitor group when power factor.After determining the switching action, dsp chip TMS320F28335 carries out the switching cycle control program.In program, each capacitor group all has a Status Flag bit representation, and whether it drops into, and all capacitor groups are carried out timing, only timing zero clearing in system initialization or state flag bit change.Therefore when needing to drop into the capacitor group, only need select the longest capacitor group of mute time timing, it is sent drop into signal, change its state flag bit, reclocking after dropping into.Equally, when needing excision capacitor group, only need select the longest capacitor group of making time timing, it is sent the excision signal, change its state flag bit, reclocking after excision.So just can realize the switching cycle of capacitor group, effectively extend the average life of capacitor group.If determined to need to drop into which group capacitor group, dsp chip TMS320F28335 only needs to begin timing when square wave rising edge or trailing edge being detected, postpones the T-t time, and the corresponding I mouth sends the input signal.Wherein, T is the electrical network cycle that DSP detects, and t is for dropping into transmission delay and the thyristor service time sum of signal.Drop into signal and be sent to thyristor driving circuit through optical fiber, drive corresponding thyristor work, drop into this group capacitor group.Like this, just can realize dropping into the capacitor group when voltage zero-cross, effectively reduce and shoved, protect the capacitor group.If determined which group capacitor group of excision, the corresponding IO mouth of dsp chip TMS320F28335 sends the excision signal, is sent to thyristor driving circuit through optical fiber, makes corresponding thyristor be in off state, excises this group capacitor group; Need not move if draw the capacitor group, each IO mouth transmitted signal of dsp chip TMS320F28335 remains unchanged, and is sent to thyristor driving circuit through optical fiber, and each thyristor state remains unchanged, and each capacitor group switching state remains unchanged.So, just realized reactive power compensation fast and accurately, and realized switching cycle, do not existed and shove excessive when dropping into and the problem such as throw in-of oscillation.
Signal adjustment unit circuit theory (referring to Fig. 2):
Signal adjustment unit is comprised of voltage magnitude adjusting module, current amplitude adjusting module, synchronous square wave generation module, filtration module and lifting module.
1). the voltage magnitude adjusting module:
The voltage magnitude adjusting module corresponds respectively to the range-adjusting of A phase, B phase, C phase voltage by three identical the electric circuit constitutes.In module, three accurate AC voltage transformer SPT1, SPT2, SPT3 have realized isolation of strong current and weak current, the resistance size that changes resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 can be adjusted the ratio of three-phase voltage amplitude transformation, makes it satisfy the requirement of dsp chip TMS320F28335 input.Wherein capacitor C 1, C2, C3 are used for the phase shift of compensation three-phase voltage signal, and diode D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 limit the input signal amplitude of operational amplifier, in order to avoid the input signal overrate damages the internal structure of operational amplifier.
2). the current amplitude adjusting module:
The current amplitude adjusting module corresponds respectively to the range-adjusting of A phase, B phase, C phase current by three identical the electric circuit constitutes.In module, three accurate AC current transformer SCT1, SCT2, SCT3 have realized isolation of strong current and weak current, the resistance size that changes resistance R 7, R8, R9 can be adjusted the ratio of three-phase current amplitude transformation, makes it satisfy the requirement of dsp chip TMS320F28335 input.Wherein capacitor C 4, C5, C6 are used for the phase shift of compensation three-phase current signal, diode D7, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12 limit the input signal amplitude of operational amplifier, in order to avoid the input signal overrate damages the internal structure of operational amplifier.
3). synchronous square wave generation module:
Synchronous square wave generation module is made of voltage comparator B 1, diode, resistance and capacitor C 7.Sinusoidal signal can be converted into square-wave signal by voltage comparator, the input capture eloquence of dsp chip TMS320F28335 can capture rising edge and the trailing edge of signal like this, also provides the basis for signal enters phase-locked loop.Capacitor C 7 plays the effect of filtering interfering.
4). filtration module:
Filtration module is respectively used to the filtering of A, B, C three-phase voltage current signal by six identical the electric circuit constitutes.By the frequency range that the resistance around the change operational amplifier and capacitance can be regulated the filtering harmonic wave, the frequency alias phenomenon that occurs when preventing from carrying out fast Fourier transform guarantees the accuracy that dsp chip TMS320F28335 calculates.
5). the lifting module:
The lifting module is respectively used to the lifting of A, B, C three-phase voltage current signal by six identical the electric circuit constitutes.Because dsp chip TMS320F28335 can not accept negative voltage signal, thus after the lifting circuit, 6 road signals be constantly on the occasion of, satisfy the input requirements of the AD conversion mouthful of dsp chip TMS320F28335.
DSP master control and display unit circuit principle (referring to Fig. 3):
Phase-locked loop CD4046 and 12 binary string linage-counter CD4040 acting in conjunction, the square-wave signal of generation 128 frequencys multiplication has realized that the three-phase voltage current signal is at 128 point samplings of an electrical network in the cycle.MAX706AT is hardware watchdog, when the voltage that provides does not satisfy dsp chip TMS320F28335 normal operation requirement or program fleet, hardware watchdog sends reset signal to dsp chip TMS320F28335, and the dsp chip TMS320F28335 that resets guarantees the normal operation of DSP program.Simultaneously, dsp chip TMS320F28335 and touch display screen communicate by two lines of reading and writing, make the user can be directly acquainted with the running status of current device.
DSP master control and display unit main program flow process (referring to Fig. 6):
After device powered on, at first dsp chip TMS320F28335 carried out the initialization of system clock, CPU timer and variable, and CPU will be solidificated in data in chip FLASH and code and copy in RAM and move subsequently, to improve its speed of service.Then constantly detection of grid cycle and voltage over zero, 128 voltage and current signals of sampling in one-period, and realize overvoltage, overcurrent and open-phase protection by analytical calculation.If overvoltage, overcurrent and open-phase fault occur, carry out the capacitor group that protection action excision has dropped into, and wait for Failure elimination.Overvoltage, overcurrent and open-phase fault do not appear if detect, adopt as the case may be the parameters such as fast Fourier transform or instantaneous reactive power theory rated output factor, reactive power, active power, and move according to the Compound Control Strategy judgement switching that power factor combines with reactive power.After determining the switching action, the capacitor group is carried out switching cycle control, find out wherein excision or drop into timing capacitor group at most, carry out switching and control, send corresponding signal, complete switching.
Optical fiber is isolated the circuit theory (referring to Fig. 4) with the thyristor driver unit:
When dsp chip TMS320F28335 sends high level, triode Qn is in the saturation conduction state, make the lumination of light emitting diode in fiber optic transmitter HFBR-1521, through Optical Fiber Transmission to fiber optic receiver HFBR-2521, fiber optic receiver HFBR-2521 output low level; When dsp chip TMS320F28335 sent low level, triode Qn was in cut-off state, and the light-emitting diode in fiber optic transmitter HFBR-1521 is not luminous, and fiber optic receiver HFBR-2521 exports high level.555 timer NE555 can produce frequency and all adjustable high frequency square wave of duty ratio, enter simultaneously and door 74HC08 with the input of fiber optic receiver HFBR-2521, single broad pulse can be converted to the high-frequency impulse row, control conducting and the shutoff of insulating gate type field effect tube VDn.When insulating gate type field effect tube VDn conducting, pulse transformer Tn secondary side induces high voltage; When insulating gate type field effect tube VDn turn-offed, pulse transformer Tn secondary side induced voltage was almost nil, was connected in parallel on the resistance at pulse transformer Tn primary side two ends and diode this moment and provided the loop for the electric current of pulse transformer Tn.Capacitor C 1n plays the effect of regulating impulse shape, makes to trigger as strong to trigger, and reliably triggers when guaranteeing each thyristor of series connection.
Reactive power compensation main electrical scheme element circuit principle (referring to Fig. 5):
FV is lightning arrester, can effectively prevent the overvoltage that causes because of thunderbolt.QSn is three-station, and QG1n, QG2n are earthed switch, when needs overhaul equipment, should make three-station QSn ground connection, and earthed switch QG1n, QG2n are closed, make capacitor, the equal reliable ground of reactor Ln, the safety when guaranteeing maintenance.If need equipment carry out normal switching operation, three-station QSn answers connection line, and earthed switch QG1n disconnects, and whether earthed switch QG2n closure depends on whether ground connection of capacitor wye connection neutral point.Reactor Ln plays the effect that inhibition is shoved on the one hand, can prevent again on the other hand the amplification of mains by harmonics.FUn is fuse, plays the effect of overcurrent protection.TVn is discharge coil, when capacitor access electrical network, industrial-frequency alternating current is presented large resistance, can be considered and opens circuit.And capacitor is when excising from electrical network, and it is lower that it presents resistance, therefore can be in the short period of time the voltage at capacitor two ends be dropped to below safe voltage.
It is exactly that we are through " the intelligent high-pressure TSC reactive power compensator " of a large amount of research and practices that above four unit comparison device theory diagrams are made up.
The above is only embodiments of the invention, is not limited to the present invention.The present invention can have various suitable changes and variation.All any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
Claims (2)
1. intelligent high-pressure TSC reactive power compensator is characterized in that: described intelligent high-pressure TSC reactive power compensator is by voltage current transformer, signal adjustment unit, DSP master control and display unit, optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme cell formation; Signal adjustment unit comprises voltage magnitude adjusting module, current amplitude adjusting module, synchronous square wave generation module, filtration module and the lifting module that connects successively; The output of synchronous square wave generation module and lifting module respectively with DSP master control and display unit in the input capture mouth of DSP be connected with AD conversion mouth; DSP output IO mouth in DSP master control and display unit and optical fiber are isolated with the fiber optic transmitter input of thyristor driver unit and are connected; In the output of optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit, the gate pole of thyristor is connected with negative electrode.
2. intelligent high-pressure TSC reactive power compensator, comprise voltage current transformer (1), signal adjustment unit (2), DSP master control and display unit (3), optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit (4) and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5), it is characterized in that, signal adjustment unit (2) comprises voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1), current amplitude adjusting module (2-2), synchronous square wave generation module (2-3), filtration module (2-4) and the lifting module (2-5) that connects successively; The output of synchronous square wave generation module (2-3) and lifting module (2-5) is connected with AD conversion mouth with the input capture mouth of the middle DSP of display unit (3) with the DSP master control respectively; The DSP master control is isolated with optical fiber with the DSP output IO mouth in display unit (3) and is connected with the fiber optic transmitter input of thyristor driver unit (4); In the output of optical fiber isolation and thyristor driver unit (4) and reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5), the gate pole of corresponding thyristor is connected with negative electrode; Voltage magnitude adjusting module (2-1) is made of accurate AC voltage transformer (SPT1, SPT2, SPT3), operational amplifier (A1, A2, A3), diode (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6), resistance (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6) and electric capacity (C1, C2, C3); Current amplitude adjusting module (2-2) is made of accurate AC current transformer (SCT1, SCT2, SCT3), operational amplifier (A4, A5, A6), diode (D7, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12), resistance (R7, R8, R9) and electric capacity (C4, C5, C6); Synchronous square wave generation module (2-3) is made of voltage comparator (B1), diode, resistance and electric capacity (C7); Filtration module (2-4) is made of operational amplifier (A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12), resistance and electric capacity; The lifting module is made of operational amplifier (A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18) and resistance; DSP master control and display unit (3) are made of dsp chip TMS320F28335, phase-locked loop CD4046,12 binary string linage-counter CD4040, hardware watchdog MAX706AT, touch display screen (LCD), resistance and electric capacity; Optical fiber isolation with thyristor driver unit (4) by triode (Qn), optical fiber, fiber optic transmitter HFBR-1521, fiber optic receiver HFBR-2521,555 timer NE555, consist of with a door 74HC08, pulse transformer (Tn), resistance and electric capacity; Reactive power compensation main electrical scheme unit (5) is made of lightning arrester (FV), three-station (QSn), thyristor valve group, reactor (Ln), earthed switch (QG1n, QG2n), fuse (FUn), capacitor, discharge coil (TVn).
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| CN104466991A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽天沃电气技术有限公司 | Control method for novel thyristor-fast-switched capacitor banks |
| CN105914756A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-31 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Device for improving the reactive power of commercial and residential electrical appliances |
| CN105914756B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2018-10-19 | 国网天津市电力公司 | A kind of device for compensating business and residential electricity consumption electric appliance reactive power |
| CN108899915A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-27 | 郑州耀冉节能科技有限公司 | A kind of operation/cutting method of reactive power compensation device and its capacitor group |
| CN108899915B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-09-24 | 郑州耀冉节能科技有限公司 | Reactive power compensation device and switching method of capacitor bank thereof |
| CN111464174A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-28 | 蔡波 | Sewage treatment monitoring system |
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Application publication date: 20130626 |