CN103176148A - Testing device and testing method for silicon steel core limit hysteresis loop - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for silicon steel core limit hysteresis loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN103176148A CN103176148A CN2013100799062A CN201310079906A CN103176148A CN 103176148 A CN103176148 A CN 103176148A CN 2013100799062 A CN2013100799062 A CN 2013100799062A CN 201310079906 A CN201310079906 A CN 201310079906A CN 103176148 A CN103176148 A CN 103176148A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method for a silicon steel core limit hysteresis loop. The testing device comprises an autotransformer, a customized core, a primary coil, a secondary coil, a recorder, a current probe, a voltage probe and a current limiting resistor. The primary coil and the secondary coil are wound on two sides of the customized core. A high-voltage end of the autotransformer is externally connected with an alternating current power supply. The primary coil is serially connected with the current limiting resistor and then connected with a low-voltage end of the autotransformer. A jaw type input end of the current probe is clamped on a current loop of the primary coil. An input end of the voltage probe is connected with the secondary coil. An input end of each of the current probe and the voltage probe is connected with a recoding passage of the recorder. The testing device is simple in structure, low in cost, applicable to various experiment institutions and enterprises which need to acquire feature curves of the silicon steel core limit hysteresis loop, and promising in application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proving installation of measuring silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop in current transformer under the 220V ac low-voltage power supply, belong to the electric system technical field of measurement and test.
Background technology
The protective current mutual inductor is for measuring electric system abnormal running and the failure condition high-tension apparatus of electric current next time, its Output rusults accurately whether, direct relation the normal operation of the secondary devices such as protective relaying device and supervising device.At present, the domestic P class current transformer that adopts more, such current transformer belongs to ferromagnetic formula current transformer, adopts the closed silicon steel core that silicon steel is made to form magnetic circuit, by the coupling of iron core internal magnetic field, with the little electric current of secondary for being directly proportional with it of large current transformation once.As everyone knows, there is hysteresis in ferromagnetic material, when selecting different magnetic field intensitys (being exciting current) when carrying out remagnetization, can obtain a series of magnetic hysteresis loops that vary in size.When increasing magnetic field, the area that magnetic hysteresis loop surrounds increases thereupon.When magnetic field intensity was enough large, this area reached certain limit, and this magnetic hysteresis loop that surrounds maximum area just is called limit magnetic hysteresis loop.
development along with electric system, the saturated problem that affects the normal operation of secondary device of P class current transformer core becomes increasingly conspicuous, when silicon steel core is saturated, distortion appears in secondary current, can not accurately reflect primary current, large quantity research and field operation experiences show, secondary device may current information produces wrong protection action because can not get accurately, cause the saturated reason of silicon steel core mainly to comprise following several respects: when electric system is broken down, the primary current of current transformer may reach tens times of normal when operation electric current even hundreds of times, and the transient DC component that often contains the exponential damping form, this will make silicon steel core by one direction excitation significantly, thereby the state of saturation of entering, also have the renewal of the equipment such as current transformer often to lag behind the development of electric system rack, when just making initial design, this can guarantee the undersaturated current transformer of silicon steel core under failure condition, due to the after this increase of power system capacity or the change of structure, it is saturated that silicon steel core occurs under failure condition, often there is remanent magnetism in silicon steel core, if remanent magnetism polarity is identical with the polarity of the magnetic field that fault current produces, can make silicon steel core be more prone to saturated.
In order to assess the especially performance of P class current transformer under state of saturation of various operating modes, can adopt experiment and two kinds of means of emulation, wherein, laboratory facilities need to configure the large current source of transient state and all kinds of pick-up unit, and technical difficulty and cost are very high; The tool and method that simulation means is used mainly comprises the PSB tool box software of ATP electromagnetic transient simulation software, MATLAB, based on the Simulation of current transformer method of Preisach theory; above-mentioned emulation mode all needs the limit magnetic hysteresis loop data of silicon steel core as the emulation pacing items, and the Research Literature that relates to above-mentioned emulation tool is seen doctorate paper " researchs of protective current transformer, saturated relevant issues unshakable in one's determination " and journal article " based on transformer simulation modeling and the specificity analysis of MATLAB ".
For technical reason, silicon steel material manufacturer does not generally directly provide limit magnetic hysteresis loop data; In addition, in the excitation curve figure that producer provides, magnetic field intensity adopts logarithmic coordinate to be more, can only be used for the excitation property of qualitative observation silicon steel material, be difficult to be reduced into accurate excitation property data.so, can only test to obtain by excitation the limit magnetic hysteresis loop data of silicon steel core material, the way of generally taking is as follows: by applying exciting current at armature winding, silicon steel core is activated to state of saturation, record excitation current waveform this moment and secondary winding no-load voltage waveform, can obtain limit magnetic hysteresis loop data by some mathematics manipulation again, if adopt said method directly current transformer to be carried out the words of saturated excitation, will run into some technical matterss, the below describes as an example of an actual current mutual inductor example, current mutual-inductor parameter is as follows: Z11 type cold-reduced silicon sheet iron core, effective magnetic circuit length 86cm, net sectional area 27cm2, no-load voltage ratio is 1:1200, by calculating, if arrive the iron core excitation saturated at secondary side (1200 circle winding side), required exciting current size is about 0.5A, the induced voltage size is about 1200 volts, consider some allowances, the excitation volt-ampere number will be near 1kVA, and in the excitation side, high pressure more than 1kV will appear.
In sum, due to the high pressure that the many volts of 1kV occurred, easily cause insulation and safety problem, had higher requirement in laboratory and experimenter, in addition, if reduce the number of turn of field copper, can reduce the induced potential of silicon steel core field copper when saturated, but can't reduce exciting watts, namely needing to improve exciting current provides silicon steel core saturated required exciting watts, will cause the problems such as heating in winding is excessive and exciting current is excessive, affect the test result of excitation experiment.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention overcomes deficiency of the prior art, a kind of proving installation and the method for testing of measuring silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop in current transformer under the 220V ac low-voltage power supply that provides, has simple, the with low cost advantage of framework, be applicable to characteristic experiment mechanism and enterprise that various needs obtain the limit magnetic hysteresis loop of silicon steel core, have a good application prospect.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
a kind of proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop, it is characterized in that: comprise autotransformer, the customization iron core, primary coil, secondary coil, oscillograph, current probe, voltage probe and current-limiting resistance, described primary coil and secondary coil are wrapped in the both sides of customization iron core, the high-pressure side external AC power supply of described autotransformer, described primary coil is connected with the low pressure end of autotransformer with the current-limiting resistance series connection is rear, the jaw type input end pincers of described current probe are on the current return of primary coil, the input end of described voltage probe is connected with secondary coil, the output terminal of described current probe and voltage probe is connected with the record ripple passage of oscillograph respectively.
The proving installation of aforesaid silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop is characterized in that: the high-pressure side external AC power supply of described autotransformer, AC power are 220V.
The proving installation of aforesaid silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop is characterized in that: the net sectional area S of described customization iron core is 5cm
2
The proving installation of aforesaid silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop is characterized in that: during the customization core sataration, and the induced voltage E on primary coil
1sat, as shown in Equation (1),
E
1sat＝N
1·B
sat·S/45 （1）
Wherein, E
1satSatisfy 5V≤E
1sat≤ 50V, B
satFor the customization iron core saturation flux close; S is the net sectional area of iron core processed.
The proving installation of aforesaid silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop is characterized in that: during the customization core sataration, and the exciting current I on primary coil
1sat, as shown in Equation (2),
I
1sat＝H
sat·L/N
1 （2）
Wherein, I
1satSatisfy I
1sat≤ 50A, H
satBe the saturation magnetic field intensity of customization iron core, L is the magnetic circuit average length of customization iron core.
The proving installation of aforesaid silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop is characterized in that: described current-limiting resistance is used for the exciting current I on the restriction primary coil
1satSize, resistance are 0.5 Ω.
The proving installation of aforesaid silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop is characterized in that: the effective value of the range of described current probe is 150A.
Method of testing based on the proving installation of above-mentioned silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,
Step (1) transfers to 0V with the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer, connects the 220V AC power;
Step (2) arranges the sampling period of oscillograph
Exciting current I with the first record ripple passage admission
1satRecord the E of the induced voltage of ripple passage admission for X-axis, second
1satIntegration is Y-axis;
Step (3) increases the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer gradually, observes the waveform of the X-Y axle on oscillograph, when the ascending branch of waveform and the part curve on decent overlap fully, formulates core sataration, stops increasing the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer;
The exciting current I that step (4) is enrolled the first record ripple passage in real time
1satInduced voltage E with the second record ripple passage admission
1satImport to PC, establish exciting current I
1satSampling numerical value is i[k], induced voltage numerical value is u[k], k is sample sequence number;
Step (5) calculates according to formula (3) the magnetic flux density B[k that formulates iron core],
Wherein, B[1] be initial value for integral, B[k] maximum value and minimizing absolute value equate;
Step (6) calculates according to formula (4) the magnetic field intensity H[k that formulates iron core],
Step (7) is got the B[k in several sampling periods] and H[k] mean value;
The B[k of the one-period after step (8) will be averaged] and H[k] make form, the data that form is corresponding are the limit magnetic hysteresis loop data of customization iron core.
the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop in measurement current transformer provided by the invention, can be under the 220V ac low-voltage power supply limit magnetic hysteresis loop of silicon steel core in the measuring current mutual inductor, induced voltage when silicon steel core is saturated on field coil is suppressed at below 50V, exciting current is suppressed at below 50A, the too high insulation safety problem that causes of induced voltage and the excessive heating problem that causes of exciting current have been avoided, framework is simple, the obvious advantages such as cost is low, be applicable to various needs and obtain core material limit magnetic hysteresis loop characteristic experiment mechanism and enterprise, have a good application prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is further illustrated.
as shown in Figure 1, a kind of proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop, comprise autotransformer 1, customization iron core 2, primary coil 3, secondary coil 4, oscillograph 5, current probe 6, voltage probe 7 and current-limiting resistance 8, described primary coil 3 and secondary coil 4 are wrapped in the both sides of customization iron core 2, the high-pressure side external AC power supply of autotransformer 1, AC power is 220V, primary coil 3 is connected with the low pressure end of autotransformer 1 with current-limiting resistance 8 series connection are rear, the jaw type input end pincers of current probe 6 are on the current return of primary coil 3, the input end of voltage probe 7 is connected with secondary coil 4, the output terminal of current probe 6 and voltage probe 7 is connected with the record ripple passage of oscillograph 5 respectively.
When above-mentioned customization iron core 2 is saturated, the induced voltage E on primary coil 3
1sat, as shown in Equation (1),
E
1sat＝N
1·B
sat·S/45 （1）
Wherein, E
1satSatisfy 5V≤E
1sat≤ 50V, B
satFor the customization iron core 2 saturation flux close; S is the net sectional area of iron core processed, and net sectional area S is 5cm here
2
During the customization core sataration, the exciting current I on primary coil
1sat, as shown in Equation (2),
I
1sat＝H
sat·L/N
1 （2）
Wherein, I
1satSatisfy I
1sat≤ 50A, H
satBe the saturation magnetic field intensity of customization iron core, L is the magnetic circuit average length of customization iron core.
Described oscillograph 5 adopts the DL850 type oscillograph of Yokogawa company (YOKOGAWA), and its first record ripple channel C h1 is used for enrolling the exciting current signal in primary coil 3 loops, and the second record ripple channel C h2 is used for enrolling the open-circuit voltage signal of secondary coil 4;
Described current probe 6 for the excitation current waveform in admission primary coil 3 loops, adopts the Current probe701930 type current probe of Yokogawa company, and the range of this model current probe is the 150A(effective value);
Described voltage probe 7: be used for the open-circuit voltage signal of admission secondary coil 4, adopt the Isolated probe701929 type voltage probe of Yokogawa company.
Described current-limiting resistance 8 is used for the exciting current I on restriction primary coil 3
1satSize, resistance are 0.5 Ω.
Method of testing based on the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop of the present invention comprises the following steps,
Step (1) transfers to 0V with the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer 1, connects the 220V AC power;
Step (2) arranges the sampling period of oscillograph 5
Exciting current I with the first record ripple channel C h1 admission
1satRecord the E of the induced voltage of ripple channel C h2 admission for X-axis, second
1satIntegration is Y-axis;
Step (3) increases the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer 1 gradually, observe the waveform of the X-Y axle on oscillograph 5, when the ascending branch of waveform and the part curve on decent overlap fully, formulate iron core 2 saturated, stop increasing the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer 1;
The exciting current I that step (4) is enrolled the first record ripple channel C h1 in real time
1satInduced voltage E with the second record ripple channel C h2 admission
1satImport to PC, establish exciting current I
1satSampling numerical value is i[k], induced voltage numerical value is u[k], k is sample sequence number;
Step (5) calculates according to formula (3) the magnetic flux density B[k that formulates iron core 2],
Wherein, B[1] be initial value for integral, B[k] maximum value and minimizing absolute value equate;
Step (6) calculates according to formula (4) the magnetic field intensity H[k that formulates iron core 2],
Step (7) is got the B[k in several sampling periods] and H[k] mean value;
The B[k of the one-period after step (8) will be averaged] and H[k] make form, the data that form is corresponding are the limit magnetic hysteresis loop data of customization iron core 2.
in sum, the present invention measures the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop in current transformer, can be under the 220V ac low-voltage power supply limit magnetic hysteresis loop of silicon steel core in the measuring current mutual inductor, induced voltage when silicon steel core is saturated on field coil is suppressed at below 50V, exciting current is suppressed at below 50A, the too high insulation safety problem that causes of induced voltage and the excessive heating problem that causes of exciting current have been avoided, framework is simple, the obvious advantages such as cost is low, be applicable to various needs and obtain core material limit magnetic hysteresis loop characteristic experiment mechanism and enterprise, have a good application prospect.
Above demonstration and described ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is by appending claims and equivalent circle thereof.
Claims (8)
1. the proving installation of a silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop, it is characterized in that: comprise autotransformer, the customization iron core, primary coil, secondary coil, oscillograph, current probe, voltage probe and current-limiting resistance, described primary coil and secondary coil are wrapped in the both sides of customization iron core, the high-pressure side external AC power supply of described autotransformer, described primary coil is connected with the low pressure end of autotransformer with the current-limiting resistance series connection is rear, the jaw type input end pincers of described current probe are on the current return of primary coil, the input end of described voltage probe is connected with secondary coil, the output terminal of described current probe and voltage probe is connected with the record ripple passage of oscillograph respectively.
2. the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the high-pressure side external AC power supply of described autotransformer, AC power are 220V.
3. the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the net sectional area S of described customization iron core is 5cm
2
4. the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during the customization core sataration, and the induced voltage E on primary coil
1sat, as shown in Equation (1),
E
1sat＝N
1·B
sat·S/45 （1）
Wherein, E
1satSatisfy 5V≤E
1sat≤ 50V, B
satFor the customization iron core saturation flux close; S is the net sectional area of iron core processed.
5. the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during the customization core sataration, and the exciting current I on primary coil
1sat, as shown in Equation (2),
I
1sat＝H
sat·L/N
1 （2）
Wherein, I
1satSatisfy I
1sat≤ 50A, H
satBe the saturation magnetic field intensity of customization iron core, L is the magnetic circuit average length of customization iron core.
6. the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described current-limiting resistance is used for the exciting current I on the restriction primary coil
1satSize, resistance are 0.5 Ω.
7. the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the effective value of the range of described current probe is 150A.
8. based on the method for testing of the proving installation of silicon steel core limit magnetic hysteresis loop claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
Step (1) transfers to 0V with the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer, connects the 220V AC power;
Step (2) arranges the sampling period of oscillograph
Exciting current I with the first record ripple passage admission
1satRecord the E of the induced voltage of ripple passage admission for X-axis, second
1satIntegration is Y-axis;
Step (3) increases the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer gradually, observes the waveform of the X-Y axle on oscillograph, when the ascending branch of waveform and the part curve on decent overlap fully, formulates core sataration, stops increasing the low pressure end voltage of autotransformer;
The exciting current I that step (4) is enrolled the first record ripple passage in real time
1satInduced voltage E with the second record ripple passage admission
1satImport to PC, establish exciting current I
1satSampling numerical value is i[k], induced voltage numerical value is u[k], k is sample sequence number;
Step (5) calculates according to formula (3) the magnetic flux density B[k that formulates iron core],
Wherein, B[1] be initial value for integral, B[k] maximum value and minimizing absolute value equate;
Step (6) calculates according to formula (4) the magnetic field intensity H[k that formulates iron core],
Step (7) is got the B[k in several sampling periods] and H[k] mean value;
The B[k of the one-period after step (8) will be averaged] and H[k] make form, the data that form is corresponding are the limit magnetic hysteresis loop data of customization iron core.
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| CN103675728A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-26 | 河北工业大学 | Closed magnetic circuit magnetic core residual magnetism measuring method |
| CN104749537A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-01 | 国家电网公司 | Hysteresis loop measuring method of current transformer |
| CN104991994A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-10-21 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Transformer field current simulation method based on J-A magnetic hysteresis model |
| CN105929347A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-09-07 | 福州大学 | Method for quickly measuring magnetic characteristics of magnetic materials |
| CN108038303A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of transformer simulation model of accurate simulation iron core characteristics |
| CN108333422A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-27 | 深圳市普乐华科技有限公司 | A kind of nanometer of iron core saturation voltage method for rapidly testing |
| CN110940939A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Power transformer iron core residual magnetism monitoring and estimating method based on hysteresis loop |
| CN112083362A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-15 | 华北电力大学 | Electrical steel sheet hysteresis characteristic prediction method and system based on reversible magnetization component |
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| CN108333422A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-27 | 深圳市普乐华科技有限公司 | A kind of nanometer of iron core saturation voltage method for rapidly testing |
| CN110940939A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Power transformer iron core residual magnetism monitoring and estimating method based on hysteresis loop |
| CN110940939B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-11-17 | 西安交通大学 | Power transformer iron core residual magnetism monitoring and estimating method based on hysteresis loop |
| CN112083362A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-15 | 华北电力大学 | Electrical steel sheet hysteresis characteristic prediction method and system based on reversible magnetization component |
| CN112083362B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-09-24 | 华北电力大学 | Electrical steel sheet hysteresis characteristic prediction method and system based on reversible magnetization component |
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