CN103174276A - Double-layer composite floor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Double-layer composite floor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103174276A CN103174276A CN2011104410980A CN201110441098A CN103174276A CN 103174276 A CN103174276 A CN 103174276A CN 2011104410980 A CN2011104410980 A CN 2011104410980A CN 201110441098 A CN201110441098 A CN 201110441098A CN 103174276 A CN103174276 A CN 103174276A
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-layer composite floor of a double-layer composite floor. The double layer composite floor comprises a decoration layer which is made of a wood layer or a bamboo layer, a splicing layer, and a base material layer made of a fiber plate, wherein the thickness of the wood layer or the thickness of the bamboo layer is less than 6mm. The splicing layer is arranged between the decoration layer and the base material layer to splice the decoration layer and the base material layer into a whole. In addition, the invention further provides a manufacturing method of the double-layer composite floor. By the adoption of the double-layer composite floor, floor patterns are natural, the floor can be used within a humidity range which is relatively wide, and due to the fac that the floor is provided with only two structures, cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field, floor, relate in particular to a kind of two-layer composite floor plate and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Existing floor generally is divided into impregnated-paper laminated wood floor, wooden floor and composite floor board.Impregnated-paper laminated wood floor is to overlay up and down the thermosetting impregnated paper by fiberboard to form, and product is stable, the humidity wide accommodation, but wood grain is the printing decorative pattern, pattern repeats inflexible not nature.Wooden floor decorative pattern clear and natural is without identical, but resource consumption is large, and is expensive, and poor stability, and moisture expansion and drying shrinkage is serious.Composite floor board because the stress of substrate layer up and down needs balance, is generally all three layers and above odd-level symmetrical structure, and arranging of multilayer increased cost.Industry wish to produce always a kind of with low cost, to the humidity requirement of the environment for use double floor of high stable not, this floor can overcome the factitious defective of pattern of impregnated-paper laminated wood floor simultaneously.
Based on this, the present invention proposes a kind of new composite floor board and manufacture method thereof, and this floor decorative pattern nature can use in a relatively wide humidity range, and only have double-decker, and cost is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose that the present invention realizes is to propose a kind of new composite floor board and manufacture method thereof, and this floor decorative pattern nature can use in a relatively wide humidity range, and only have double-decker, and cost is low.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of composite floor board, comprising:
The decorative layer that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm;
Adhesive linkage;
The substrate layer that fiberboard is made;
Wherein, described adhesive linkage between decorative layer and substrate layer, with decorative layer and substrate layer bonding be whole.
Alternatively, described adhesive linkage comprises without gelatine layer or water-based glue-line or hot melt adhesive layer or Low Temperature Thermal and solidifies the film that glue-line or upper and lower surface are provided with bonding adhesive.
Alternatively, described decorative layer through dry to moisture content not higher than 6% from the saturated aqueous rate, the above-mentioned processing at least twice of health and forming.
Alternatively, high temperature cabonization, the health of described decorative layer through do maintenance with steam processed and formed.
Alternatively, described decorative layer comprises thickness lower than the wooden of 1mm or bamboo matter skin, or comprises the wooden of thickness 1mm-6mm or bamboo matter veneer.
Alternatively, described substrate layer comprises low density fiberboard or medium density fibreboard or high density fiberboard.
Imbibition when alternatively, described substrate layer moisture content changes 3.5% up and down from 7.5% or dehydration contract with dry rate are for being no more than 0.3%.
Imbibition when alternatively, described decorative layer moisture content changes 3.5% up and down from 8.5% or dehydration contract with dry rate are for being no more than 0.5%
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of manufacture method of composite floor board, comprises the following steps:
A. the least twice oven dry be will be carried out by the decorative layer that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm, health will be processed or high temperature cabonization, health processing carried out;
Described least twice oven dry, health are processed and are comprised:
To put into the steam drying kiln by the decorative layer that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm dries for the first time, pass into steam and make the described decorative layer moisture content that reaches capacity, promote afterwards kiln temperature, control in kiln humidity and the moisture content of described decorative layer is down to is no more than 6%, temperature is down to higher 6 ℃-10 ℃ than room temperature, kiln discharge;
The described decorative layer of drying is for the first time carried out health, and described health environment is without control of temperature and humidity, and conditioned time is not less than 7 days;
The described decorative layer of health is put into the steam drying kiln again dries again, pass into steam and make the described decorative layer moisture content that reaches capacity, promote afterwards kiln temperature, control in kiln humidity and the moisture content of described decorative layer is down to is no more than 6%, controlling temperature during higher than 10 ℃ when room temperature is down to higher 6 ℃-10 ℃ than room temperature, control temperature when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ and be down to 15 ℃, kiln discharge;
Described decorative layer after again drying is carried out health again, the health environment has temperature humidity to control, conditioned time is not less than 7 days, control the air humidity of health environment, after health is finished, the moisture content of decorative layer is no more than 8%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures;
Described high temperature cabonization, health are processed and are comprised:
To put into carbonization kiln or the tank that can bear HTHP by the decorative layer that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm, pass into saturated vapour or the superheated steam of 140 ℃-230 ℃, make simultaneously in kiln or tank that in temperature 6 hours, Quick uniform rises to 140 ℃ of-230 ℃ of carburizing temperatures, kept 1 hour-2 hours in carburizing temperature, open the outlet valve decompression, pass into Low Temperature Wet steam, be down to rapidly in 4 hours and be no more than 80 ℃, in the time of the 24th hour, temperature is no more than 50 ℃, moisture content lower than 6%, kiln discharge or tank;
Described decorative layer health with carbonization, conditioned time is not less than 2 days, control the air humidity of health environment, after health is finished, the moisture content of decorative layer is no more than 8%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures;
B, fiberboard is carried out health, described conditioned time is more than 7 days, control the air humidity of the health environment of fiberboard, after health is finished, the moisture content of fiberboard is no more than 7.5%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of fiberboard is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of fiberboard is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures;
C. control the operating environment temperature when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ and be not less than 15 ℃, control the operating environment temperature during higher than 15 ℃ when room temperature higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures, under described control operation environment, after moisture content after health is no more than 7.5% described fiberboard surface and sets gradually adhesive linkage, health, moisture content is no more than 8% described decorative layer, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly become whole, form the floor blank;
D. the floor blank is carried out health, controls temperature and the humidity of health environment, health is finished after floor blank decorative layer and fiberboard moisture content respectively with bonding before separately moisture content compare, the moisture content variable quantity is positive and negative is no more than 0.3%;
E. the floor blank is processed into the floor.
Alternatively, described adhesive linkage is without gelatine layer, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly to become whole and realize by the concora crush press, step comprises: with the fiberboard after the health that sets gradually, send into described concora crush press without the described thickness after gelatine layer and health lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm, be under 0.5MP-2MP at pressure, retention time is 1 hour-4 hours, form the floor blank, carry out afterwards and described the floor blank is carried out the health step, the conditioned time of this step is not less than 24 hours.
alternatively, described adhesive linkage is hot melt adhesive layer, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly become whole by roll-in press or the realization of concora crush press, step comprises: under 120 ℃-200 ℃, described PUR is melted, utilization is coated with the PUR that melts on the fiberboard after health with the roll coater of heater, before PUR loses toughness, layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of thickness after health lower than 6mm is arranged on hot melt adhesive layer, the fiberboard that gained is set gradually, hot melt adhesive layer and thickness were sent into described roll-in press or concora crush press lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm before PUR loses toughness, be under 0.5MP-3MP at pressure, retention time is 1 second-15 seconds, form the floor blank, carry out afterwards and described the floor blank is carried out the health step, the conditioned time of this step is not less than 1 hour.
alternatively, described adhesive linkage is the water-based glue-line, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly to become whole and realize by the concora crush press, step comprises: water-base cement is arranged on fiberboard after health, utilize high frequency waves or infrared waves irradiation water-based glue-line, exposure time 5 seconds-25 seconds, layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of thickness after health lower than 6mm is arranged on the water-based glue-line, the fiberboard that sets gradually with gained, water-based glue-line and thickness are sent into described concora crush press lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm, be under 0.5MP-1.5MP at pressure, retention time is 10 minutes-40 minutes, form the floor blank, carry out afterwards and described the floor blank is carried out the health step, the conditioned time of this step is not less than 24 hours.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: same timber at least twice is processed from saturated aqueous rate oven dry to 6% high temperature cabonization, the health that also health is processed or warp is done maintenance with steam, can obviously promote timber stability, be that its moisture content is when changing within the specific limits, imbibition coefficient or the dehydration coefficient of shrinkage will obviously reduce, this overcome the expansion of existing timber and fiberboard under uniform temp, air humidity conditions or the drying shrinkage degree different and can not be only by this two-layer problem that makes the double-decker floor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is composite floor structure schematic diagram provided by the invention;
The flow chart of the manufacture method of the composite floor board that Fig. 2 provides for the present embodiment one;
The flow chart of the manufacture method of the composite floor board that Fig. 3 provides for the present embodiment four.
The specific embodiment
Just as stated in the Background Art, industry wish to produce always a kind of with low cost, can use stable two-layer composite floor plate in a relatively wide humidity range, this floor can overcome the factitious defective of pattern of impregnated-paper laminated wood floor simultaneously.The present invention proposes to adopt timber to solve the factitious problem of pattern as decorative layer, adopts simultaneously fiberboard to make the floor of making cheap as substrate layer.Yet timber has hydrophily because of pore structure and hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, has expand with wet and contract with dry, anisotropic natural attribute, but fiberboard is not had a capillary porosity structure, and hydrophilic hydroxyl groups is partial destruction also, and wood fiber is thoroughly reset isotropism, and stability is better than timber; This causes timber and the equilibrium moisture content of fiberboard under uniform temp, air humidity conditions is different, the coefficient of Swelling and contraction is also different.Such as, moisture content is that 10% high-density plate fiberboard and moisture content are 10% timber under 20 ℃, 90% air humidity conditions, fully expose and place the sufficiently long time, make them all arrive equilibrium moisture content, the general wood equilibrium moisture content of processing is about 16%, the equilibrium moisture content of high density fiberboard plate is about 14%, and timber width (annual ring direction) on average expands approximately 2%, and the high density fiberboard plate expands approximately 0.8%.This makes has great difficulty with wood composite production floor on fiberboard, can cause floor flexural deformation seriously even to be split from gummed when the floor moisture content changes when larger.
For the problems referred to above, the inventor is through studying discovery for a long period of time, same timber at least twice is dried to moisture content not higher than 6% and health or process through the high temperature cabonization, health of doing maintenance with steam from the saturated aqueous rate, can obviously promote timber stability, be that its imbibition coefficient or the dehydration coefficient of shrinkage will obviously reduce, this makes existing timber and fiberboard can make the double-decker floor becomes possibility.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail.Need to prove, below focus on and explain principle of the present invention, therefore, drawing not in scale.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is composite floor structure schematic diagram provided by the invention, and this floor comprises:
The decorative layer 3 that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm;
The substrate layer 1 that fiberboard is made;
Wherein, described adhesive linkage 2 between decorative layer 3 and substrate layer 1, with decorative layer 3 and substrate layer 1 bonding be integral body.
In the present embodiment one, described adhesive linkage 2 is 100g/m
2Without gelatine layer; Decorative layer 3 is the wooden of thickness 1mm-6mm or bamboo matter veneer, particularly, the oak veneer of 2mm, in other embodiment, also can be for thickness lower than the wooden of 1mm or bamboo matter skin; Substrate layer 1 is high density fiberboard, and density is 0.8g/cm
3, in other embodiment, also can be low density fiberboard or medium density fibreboard.
As previously described, timber and the fiberboard equilibrium moisture content under uniform temp, air humidity conditions is different, the coefficient of Swelling and contraction is also different, this makes has great difficulty with wood composite production floor on fiberboard, can cause floor flexural deformation seriously even to be split from gummed when the floor moisture varying is larger.for the problems referred to above, the present invention is no more than 6% and health or through do the high temperature cabonization of maintenance with steam except same timber at least twice is dried to moisture content from the saturated aqueous rate, health is processed, obviously promote timber stability, be that its moisture content is when changing within the specific limits, outside imbibition coefficient or the dehydration coefficient of shrinkage will obviously reduce, the inventor also finds at timber annual mean moisture content lower than 10% Arid Area and the place of using air-conditioning control indoor temperature and humidity throughout the year, only require that floor water content still keeps stable getting final product preferably when 6%-12% fluctuates.In general the moisture content that dispatches from the factory of woodwork is the most suitable lower than destination timber annual mean moisture content 2%.
The composite floor board that proposes due to the present invention has changed expansion and the coefficient of shrinkage of timber in certain humidity range, make the expansion and shrinkage coefficients match of itself and fiberboard, thereby only two-layerly can make on-deformable floor by this.Composite floor board provided by the invention adopts timber, and particularly, thickness as decorative layer 3, makes plank seem the decorative pattern nature, without identical lower than the timber of the layer of wood of 6mm or bamboo matter layer.In addition, two-layer owing to only having, with respect to existing multi-layer composite floor, with material still less, omitted complicated production routine, cost is cheaper than multi-layer composite floor.
The flow chart of the manufacture method of the composite floor board that Fig. 2 provides for the present embodiment one.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, describe the manufacture method on the floor in Fig. 1 in detail.
At first execution in step S11, the oak veneer of 2mm is put into the steam drying kiln dry for the first time, pass into steam and make the oak veneer moisture content that reaches capacity, promote afterwards kiln temperature, control in kiln humidity the moisture content of oak veneer is down to 6%, temperature is down to higher 8 ℃ than room temperature, kiln discharge.
Then execution in step S12, carry out health with the oak veneer of drying for the first time, and described health environment is without control of temperature and humidity, and conditioned time is 10 days.
The health step of this step can be carried out in health preserving room.
Follow execution in step S13, the oak veneer of health is put into the steam drying kiln again dries again, pass into steam and make the oak veneer moisture content that reaches capacity, promote afterwards kiln temperature, control in kiln humidity and the moisture content of oak veneer is down to is no more than 6%, controlling temperature during higher than 10 ℃ when room temperature is down to higher 6 ℃-10 ℃ than room temperature, control temperature when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ and be down to 15 ℃, kiln discharge.
Execution in step S14 afterwards, oak veneer after again drying is carried out health again, the health environment has temperature humidity to control, conditioned time is not less than 7 days, control the air humidity of health environment, after health is finished, the moisture content of oak veneer is 7.5%, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of oak veneer is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of oak veneer is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures.
Imbibition or dehydration contract with dry rate when this step makes the oak Veneer moisture change 3.5% up and down from 8.5% are no more than 0.5%.
Follow again execution in step S15, to 0.8g/cm
3High density fiberboard carries out health, described conditioned time is more than 7 days, control the air humidity of the health environment of high density fiberboard, after health is finished, the moisture content of high density fiberboard is 6.5%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of high density fiberboard is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of fiberboard is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures.
Imbibition or dehydration contract with dry rate when this step makes the high density fiberboard moisture content change 3.5% up and down from 7.5% are no more than 0.3%.
Then execution in step S16, control the operating environment temperature when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ and be not less than 15 ℃, control the operating environment temperature during higher than 15 ℃ when room temperature higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures, under described control operation environment, be that 6.5% high density fiberboard surface sets gradually 100g/m with moisture content after health
2Anhydrous glue adhesive linkage, moisture content be oak veneer after 7.5% health, described oak veneer and high density fiberboard overlayed bondingly become whole, form the floor blank.
This step comprises in specific implementation process: with the high density fiberboard after the health that sets gradually, send into the concora crush press without the oak veneer after gelatine layer and health, be under 1MP at pressure, kept 3 hours, form the floor blank.
Then execution in step S17, carry out health with the floor blank, controls temperature and the humidity of health environment, health is finished after the moisture content of oak veneer and high density fiberboard of floor blank with bonding front suitable, namely the moisture content variation is positive and negative separately is no more than 0.3.The conditioned time of this step is 48 hours.
Follow again execution in step S18, the floor blank is processed into the floor.
In specific implementation process, can also UV resin molding wearing layer is set, by bonding adhesive, the thick foamed resin film of 2.5mm be set at the high density fiberboard back side, floor on floor oak decorative layer 3 afterwards.Can also follow again afterwards final finished is adopted damp-prrof packing.
Manufacturing process from the blank to the finished product was controlled in 8 hours, prevented that the production environment air humidity from affecting the product moisture content and changing over 0.5%.
In other embodiment, in step S11, S13 step, decorative layer 3 from the saturated aqueous rate be down to that moisture content is no more than 6%, the health step repeats twice and above after, imbibition or dehydration contract with dry rate that its moisture content can satisfy when changing 3.5% up and down from 8.5% are no more than 0.5%.
In the step S12 of the present embodiment one, be 10 days to the conditioned time of decorative layer 3, in other embodiment, conditioned time is not less than 7 days and gets final product.
In the step S15 of the present embodiment one, after high density fiberboard (substrate layer 1) health is finished, moisture content is 6.5%, in other embodiment, the moisture content of this high density fiberboard is no more than 8%, and imbibition or dehydration contract with dry rate in the time of can making this plate moisture content change 3.5% up and down from 7.5% are no more than 0.3%.
In the step S16 of the present embodiment one, high density fiberboard after health, send into the concora crush press without the oak veneer after gelatine layer and health, be under 1MP at pressure, kept 3 hours, form the floor blank, in other embodiment, this pressure limit is 0.5MP-2MP, retention time is 1 hour-4 hours, and the floor blank of formation also satisfies the demands.
In the step S17 of the present embodiment one, it is 48 hours that the floor blank is carried out the health duration, and in other embodiment, the conditioned time of this step is not less than 24 hours and gets final product.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment two is with the difference of embodiment one, and described adhesive linkage 2 is the polyurethane-hot melt glue-line.
Correspondingly, the preparation method of the composite floor board that provides with embodiment one, step S11-S15 is identical.Difference is: when step S16 ' carries out, comprising: with described PUR fusing, utilize with the roll coater of the heater 90g/m with fusing under 175 ℃
2Polyurethane hot melt be coated in 0.8g/cm
3On the high density fiberboard surface, before PUR loses toughness, the present embodiment two is 3 seconds, 2mm oak veneer after health is arranged on hot melt adhesive layer, high density fiberboard, hot melt adhesive layer and 2mm oak veneer that gained is set gradually were sent into described roll-in press or concora crush press before PUR loses toughness, be under 1.5MP at pressure, retention time is 4 seconds, forms the floor blank.
Carry out afterwards S17 ', the floor blank is carried out the health step, the conditioned time of this step is 2 hours.
In the step S16 ' of the present embodiment two, at 175 ℃, described PUR is melted, in other embodiment, concrete model according to PUR, can melt under relevant temperature, inventor's discovery, the fusion temperature of the PUR that great majority satisfy the demands is in 120 ℃ of-200 ℃ of scopes.In addition, high density fiberboard, hot melt adhesive layer and 2mm oak veneer are under 1.5MP at pressure, and the retention time is 4 seconds, and in other embodiment, in pressure was the 0.5MP-3MP scope, the retention time scope was to get final product in 1 second-15 seconds.
In step S17 ', to carry out conditioned time be 2 hours to plate blank material over the ground, and in other embodiment, conditioned time is not less than 1 hour and gets final product.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment three is with the difference of embodiment one, and described adhesive linkage 2 is the water-based glue-line.
Correspondingly, the preparation method of the composite floor board that provides with embodiment one, step S11-S15 is identical.Difference is: step S16 " when carrying out, comprising: water-base cement is arranged on 0.8g/cm after health
3On the high density fiberboard surface, utilize high frequency waves or infrared waves irradiation water-based glue-line, exposure time 15 seconds, 2mm oak veneer after health is arranged on the water-based glue-line, the high density fiberboard that sets gradually, water-based glue-line and the 2mm oak veneer of gained are sent into described concora crush press, be under 1.2MP at pressure, the retention time is 20 minutes, forms the floor blank.
Need to prove, due to as the moisture content of the 2mm oak veneer of decorative layer 3, need strict control as the moisture content of the high density fiberboard of substrate layer 1, thereby utilize high frequency waves or infrared waves irradiation water-based glue-line, make the moisture evaporation approximately 50% in glue, the moisture that participates at last solidification is no more than 35%, control moisture on the impact of floor water content lower than 0.15%, do not consist of negative effect; Another effect of irradiation is that the activity that promotes glue prevents that the reduction of moisture from affecting adhesive effect.
Carry out afterwards S17 ", the floor blank is carried out the health step, this step makes the moisture of water-base cement adhesive linkage evenly be diffused into entirely plate blank material, and conditioned time is 72 hours.
The step S16 of the present embodiment three " in, utilize high frequency waves or infrared waves irradiation water-based glue-line, exposure time is 15 seconds, and this irradiation duration length depends on heating effect, and for most water-based glue-line, the exposure time scope was at 5 seconds-25 seconds.In addition, when high density fiberboard, water-based glue-line and 2mm oak veneer formed the floor blank, pressure was under 1.2MP, and the retention time is 20 minutes, and in other embodiment, pressure limit is under 0.5MP-1.5MP, and the retention time is 10 minutes-40 minutes.
Step S17 " in, to carry out conditioned time be 72 hours to plate blank material over the ground, in other embodiment, conditioned time is not less than 24 hours and gets final product.
Embodiment four
The present embodiment four is with the difference of embodiment one, and is different to the processing mode of decorative layer 3.
the present embodiment four is high temperature cabonizations that decorative layer 3 is carried out doing with steam maintenance, health is processed, comprise: execution in step S21, the oak veneer decorative layer 3 of thickness 2mm is put into the carbonization tank that can bear HTHP, pass into the saturated vapour of 160 ℃, be heat transfer speed in energy-conservation and quickening tank, open the opposing steam flow valve, add hot reflux steam, recycling, make the interior temperature control of tank evenly rise to 160 ℃ of carburizing temperatures in the time of 5 hours, kept 1.5 hours 160 ℃ of carburizing temperatures, open the outlet valve decompression, pass into Low Temperature Wet steam, in the time of the 11st hour, the interior temperature of tank evenly is down to 80 ℃, control temperature humidity, in the time of the 24th hour, temperature is down to 50 ℃, moisture content is lower than 6%, go out tank,
Execution in step S22, the thick oak veneer of 2mm decorative layer 3 healths with carbonization, the health environment has temperature humidity to control, conditioned time 3 days, control the air humidity of health environment, after health is finished, the moisture content of thick oak veneer is 7.5%, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer 3 is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer 3 is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures;
Need to prove, the saturated vapour that passes in the present embodiment four is 160 ℃, carburizing temperature is also 160 ℃, kept 1.5 hours 160 ℃ of carburizing temperatures, open the outlet valve decompression, pass into Low Temperature Wet steam, in the time of the 11st hour, the interior temperature of tank evenly is down to 80 ℃, control temperature humidity, in the time of the 24th hour, temperature is down to 50 ℃, moisture content lower than 6%, goes out tank.In other embodiment, the temperature range of this saturated vapour is at 140 ℃-230 ℃, carburizing temperature is in 140 ℃-230 ℃, and kept 1 hour-2 hours in this carburizing temperature, open the outlet valve decompression, pass into Low Temperature Wet steam, be down in 4 hours and be no more than 80 ℃, in the time of the 24th hour, temperature is no more than 50 ℃, moisture content lower than 6%, kiln discharge or tank, carry out afterwards more than 2 days health and can reach and make the most of fracture of timber hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, wood internal stress is eliminated rapidly and is trended towards zero, causes two large key factor hydrophilies and the internal stress residue of timber distortion to be solved; Stream curing and wood internal stress are eliminated rapidly and are trended towards zero, and making timber flash baking, fast cooling and don't affecting the timber distortion becomes possibility, thereby can complete carbonization, oven dry in 24 hours, and conditioned time also significantly reduces, and has shortened the production cycle; Do maintenance with steam and can prevent wood fiber Yin Gaowen and rupture, the timber weatherability after carbonization is unaffected; After health, significantly promote timber stability, be that its imbibition coefficient or the dehydration coefficient of shrinkage will significantly reduce, this step makes the oak Veneer moisture change up and down 3.5% from 8.5%, and namely imbibition or the dehydration contract with dry rate during 5%-12% is no more than 0.4%.
The preparation method on the floor that provides with embodiment one is afterwards carried out identical S15-S18 step, and this S15-S18 step is the step S23-S26 in corresponding the present embodiment four respectively.
Execution in step S23 is to 0.8g/cm
3High density fiberboard carries out health, described conditioned time is more than 7 days, control the air humidity of the health environment of high density fiberboard, after health is finished, the moisture content of high density fiberboard is 6.5%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of high density fiberboard is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of fiberboard is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures.
Imbibition or dehydration contract with dry rate when this step makes the high density fiberboard moisture content change 3.5% up and down from 7.5% are no more than 0.3%.
Then execution in step S24, control the operating environment temperature when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ and be not less than 15 ℃, control the operating environment temperature during higher than 15 ℃ when room temperature higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures, under described control operation environment, be that 6.5% high density fiberboard surface sets gradually 100g/m with moisture content after health
2Anhydrous glue adhesive linkage, moisture content be oak veneer after 7.5% health, described oak veneer and high density fiberboard overlayed bondingly become whole, form the floor blank.
This step comprises in specific implementation process: with the high density fiberboard after the health that sets gradually, send into the concora crush press without the oak veneer after gelatine layer and health, be under 1MP at pressure, kept 3 hours, form the floor blank.
Then execution in step S25, carry out health with the floor blank, controls temperature and the humidity of health environment, health is finished after the moisture content of oak veneer and high density fiberboard of floor blank with bonding front suitable, the moisture content variation is positive and negative is no more than 0.3%.The conditioned time of this step is 48 hours.
Follow again execution in step S26, the floor blank is processed into the floor.
In other embodiment, step S24-S25 also can adopt the unlike material of the adhesive linkage 2 that embodiment two and embodiment three provide and the scheme of corresponding processing method.
To sum up, the present invention obviously promotes timber stability by same timber is repeatedly dried to being no more than 6% also health from the saturated aqueous rate, and namely its imbibition coefficient or the dehydration coefficient of shrinkage will obviously reduce; Then control temperature, air humidity, make the equilibrium moisture content of timber under this environment through repeatedly drying health be in 7%-10%, at this moment, fiberboard equilibrium moisture content under the same conditions is only low by approximately 1% than the timber through repeatedly drying health, and this moisture content scope is just also the general fiberboard moisture content scope of dispatching from the factory; Again then with 8.5% moisture content through repeatedly drying the timber of health, fiberboard with 7.5% moisture content, under uniform temp, air humidity conditions, make their moisture content change positive and negative 3.5%, (annual ring direction) imbibition of timber width or dehydration contract with dry rate are no more than 0.5%, fiberboard imbibition or dehydration contract with dry rate are no more than 0.3%, and their stability is all fine and differ seldom, make timber directly compound on density board and make double floor and become possibility;
Except with same timber repeatedly from saturated aqueous rate oven dry to 6% and health, the present invention also proposes another method that promotes timber stability, that is: by timber is being done maintenance at 140 ℃ of-230 ℃ of high temperature cabonizations with steam.in above-mentioned carbonation process, the most of fracture of timber hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, wood internal stress is eliminated and is trended towards zero, cause two large key factors of timber distortion to be solved, doing maintenance with steam can prevent wood fiber Yin Gaowen and rupture, timber weatherability after carbonization is unaffected, after health, significantly promote timber stability, be that its imbibition coefficient or the dehydration coefficient of shrinkage will significantly reduce, this step makes the oak Veneer moisture change up and down 3.5% from 8.5%, imbibition when being 5%-12% or dehydration contract with dry rate are no more than 0.4%, make timber directly compound on density board and make double floor and become possibility,
Adopt at last suitable glue and overlay mode, can avoid the general composite floor board mode of production uneven because of the internal stress that glue and the mode that overlays cause, need not to adopt three layers or above odd-level structure to realize the symmetrical equilibrium of forces in up and down, floor, solve the problem of floor bending, produced the double-decker composite floor board.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not breaking away from technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible changes and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a composite floor board, is characterized in that, comprising:
The decorative layer (3) that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm;
Adhesive linkage (2);
The substrate layer that fiberboard is made (1);
Wherein, described adhesive linkage (2) between described decorative layer (3) and described substrate layer (1), with described decorative layer (3) and described substrate layer (1) bonding be integral body.
2. composite floor board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described adhesive linkage (2) comprises without gelatine layer or water-based glue-line or hot melt adhesive layer or Low Temperature Thermal and solidifies the film that glue-line or upper and lower surface are provided with bonding adhesive.
3. composite floor board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described decorative layer (3) through dry to moisture content not higher than 6% from the saturated aqueous rate, the above-mentioned processing at least twice of health and forming.
4. composite floor board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described decorative layer (3) is processed and formed in 140 ℃ of-230 ℃ of high temperature cabonizations, health through do maintenance with steam.
5. composite floor board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described decorative layer (3) comprises thickness lower than the wooden of 1mm or bamboo matter skin, or comprise the wooden of thickness 1mm-6mm or bamboo matter veneer.
6. composite floor board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described substrate layer (1) comprises low density fiberboard or medium density fibreboard or high density fiberboard.
7. composite floor board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the imbibition when described substrate layer (1) moisture content changes 3.5% up and down from 7.5% or dehydration contract with dry rate are for being no more than 0.3%.
8. composite floor board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the imbibition when described decorative layer (3) moisture content changes 3.5% up and down from 8.5% or dehydration contract with dry rate are for being no more than 0.5%.
9. the manufacture method of a composite floor board, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. will be carried out by the decorative layer that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm least twice oven dry, health processing or high temperature cabonization, health processing;
Described least twice oven dry, health are processed and are comprised:
To put into the steam drying kiln by the decorative layer that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm dries for the first time, pass into steam and make the described decorative layer moisture content that reaches capacity, promote afterwards kiln temperature, control in kiln humidity and the moisture content of described decorative layer is down to is no more than 6%, temperature is down to higher 6 ℃-10 ℃ than room temperature, kiln discharge;
The described decorative layer of drying is for the first time carried out health, and described health environment is without control of temperature and humidity, and conditioned time is not less than 7 days;
The described decorative layer of health is put into the steam drying kiln again dries again, pass into steam and make the described decorative layer moisture content that reaches capacity, promote afterwards kiln temperature, control in kiln humidity and the moisture content of described decorative layer is down to is no more than 6%, controlling temperature during higher than 10 ℃ when room temperature is down to higher 6 ℃-10 ℃ than room temperature, control temperature when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ and be down to 15 ℃, kiln discharge;
Described decorative layer after again drying is carried out health again, the health environment has temperature humidity to control, conditioned time is not less than 7 days, control the air humidity of health environment, after health is finished, the moisture content of decorative layer is no more than 8%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures;
Described high temperature cabonization, health are processed and are comprised:
To put into carbonization kiln or the tank that can bear HTHP by the decorative layer that thickness is made lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm, pass into saturated vapour or the superheated steam of 140 ℃-230 ℃, make simultaneously that temperature evenly rose to 140 ℃ of-230 ℃ of carburizing temperatures in 6 hours in kiln or tank, kept 1-2 hour in carburizing temperature, open the outlet valve decompression, pass into Low Temperature Wet steam, be down in 4 hours and be no more than 80 ℃, in the time of the 24th hour, temperature is no more than 50 ℃, moisture content lower than 6%, kiln discharge or tank;
Described decorative layer health with carbonization, conditioned time is not less than 2 days, control the air humidity of health environment, after health is finished, the moisture content of decorative layer is no more than 8%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of decorative layer is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures;
B. fiberboard is carried out health, described conditioned time is more than 7 days, control the air humidity of the health environment of fiberboard, after health is finished, the moisture content of fiberboard is no more than 7.5%, after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of fiberboard is not less than 15 ℃, and after the temperature of controlling the health environment when room temperature during higher than 15 ℃ finishes health, the temperature of fiberboard is higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures;
C. control the operating environment temperature when room temperature during lower than 10 ℃ and be not less than 15 ℃, control the operating environment temperature during higher than 15 ℃ when room temperature higher than 0 ℃-5 ℃ of room temperatures, under described control operation environment, after moisture content after health is no more than 7.5% described fiberboard surface and sets gradually adhesive linkage, health, moisture content is no more than 8% described decorative layer, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly become whole, form the floor blank;
D. the floor blank is carried out health, controls temperature and the humidity of health environment, health is finished after floor blank decorative layer and fiberboard moisture content respectively with bonding before separately moisture content compare, the moisture content variable quantity is positive and negative is no more than 0.3%;
E. the floor blank is processed into the floor.
10. manufacture method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described adhesive linkage is without gelatine layer, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly to become whole and realize by the concora crush press, step comprises: with the fiberboard after the health that sets gradually, send into described concora crush press without the described thickness after gelatine layer and health lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm, be under 0.5MP-2MP at pressure, retention time is 1 hour-4 hours, form the floor blank, carry out afterwards and described the floor blank is carried out the health step, the conditioned time of this step is not less than 24 hours.
11. manufacture method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described adhesive linkage is hot melt adhesive layer, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly become whole by roll-in press or the realization of concora crush press, step comprises: under 120 ℃-200 ℃, described PUR is melted, utilization is coated with the PUR that melts on the fiberboard after health with the roll coater of heater, before PUR loses toughness, layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of thickness after health lower than 6mm is arranged on hot melt adhesive layer, the fiberboard that gained is set gradually, hot melt adhesive layer and thickness were sent into described roll-in press or concora crush press lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm before PUR loses toughness, be under 0.5MP-3MP at pressure, retention time is 1 second-15 seconds, form the floor blank, carry out afterwards and described the floor blank is carried out the health step, the conditioned time of this step is not less than 1 hour.
12. manufacture method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described adhesive linkage is the water-based glue-line, described decorative layer and described fiberboard are overlayed bondingly to become whole and realize by the concora crush press, step comprises: water-base cement is arranged on fiberboard after health, utilize high frequency waves or infrared waves irradiation water-based glue-line, exposure time 5 seconds-25 seconds, layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of thickness after health lower than 6mm is arranged on the water-based glue-line, the fiberboard that sets gradually with gained, water-based glue-line and thickness are sent into described concora crush press lower than layer of wood or the bamboo matter layer of 6mm, be under 0.5MP-1.5MP at pressure, retention time is 10 minutes-40 minutes, form the floor blank, carry out afterwards and described the floor blank is carried out the health step, the conditioned time of this step is not less than 24 hours.
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| CN110605771A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-24 | 湖北绿知堂竹业股份有限公司 | Production and processing method of bamboo furniture |
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| CN103174276B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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