CN103169134B - Freeze-drying method for thitarodes larva - Google Patents
Freeze-drying method for thitarodes larva Download PDFInfo
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- CN103169134B CN103169134B CN201310133666.XA CN201310133666A CN103169134B CN 103169134 B CN103169134 B CN 103169134B CN 201310133666 A CN201310133666 A CN 201310133666A CN 103169134 B CN103169134 B CN 103169134B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a freeze-drying method for thitarodes larva. The freeze-drying method comprises the steps of pre-freezing, sublimation drying and resolving drying. The vacuum freeze-drying method is adopted to dry and machine thitarodes larva, the thitarodes larva is not deformed or changed in color, the nutritional ingredients contained in the thitarodes larva is not denatured in the machining process, dry thitarodes larva with vivid morphology is obtained, the defects that the body of the thitarodes larva is wizened and black in color when being dried by using the conventional drying technique are overcome, and the goods image and the value of a thitarodes larva dry product are improved, and good market development prospect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food drying technical field, especially a kind of vacuum freeze-drying method of Hepialus larva.
Background technology
Genus Hepialus (Thitarodes) larva is the host of Cordyceps sinensis, contain abundant nutritional labeling, it is the material base that Cordyceps sinensis grows, at source there is saying of " worm being supported five grass ", Cordyceps sinensis place of production Tibetan are called Hepialus larva " Chinese caterpillar fungus lives ", while gathering Cordyceps sinensis in the wild, obtain once in a while it, set it as jewellery Feng Xian Give elder.Hepialus larva can be used as a kind of senior nutrition.Can make it be convenient for carrying by dry processing.But it is dry that prior art is common heating, polypide body in dry run dwindles, and color becomes isabelline, and presentation quality is poor, and heat drying easily makes its nutritional labeling containing rotten, existing drying means is unfavorable for the exploitation to this precious insect resources.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for deficiency of the prior art, a kind of freeze drying process of Hepialus larva is provided, adopt vacuum refrigeration to be dried processing to Hepialus larva, indeformable, nondiscolouring after making Hepialus larva dry, make its nutritional labeling containing consistency in process, thereby improve image and the reputation of Hepialus larva dry products, establish good basis for exploiting market.
In order to solve the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to be achieved: a kind of freeze drying process of Hepialus larva, comprises the steps:
(1) pre-freeze
After the worm states such as bat 3～6 instar larvaes, prepupa are cleaned with clear water, be placed in refrigerator-freezer freezing, cryogenic temperature-10 DEG C～-25 DEG C, cooling time is not less than 7 hours.
(2) lyophilization
Hepialus larva through pre-freeze is pressed to 1000g～2000g weight in wet base/m
2the amount of freeze-drying area is placed on the material disc of freeze dryer outfit, and Hepialus larva is uniformly distributed in material disc, start is dry, keep condenser temperature-40～-70 DEG C, vacuum 1-200Pa, temperature of charge-20～-25 DEG C, polypide evenly becomes faint yellow, during without any watermark, show that polypide is dry, stop lyophilization process.
(3) parsing-desiccation
To complete the Hepialus larva of lyophilization, continue in freeze dryer dryly, 40～45 DEG C of temperature of charge, condenser temperature-50～-70 DEG C, below vacuum 15Pa, dry 4～6 hours, obtain water content lower than 3% dry Hepialus larva.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention:
The described lyophilization of step (2), when keeping condenser temperature-50～-70 DEG C, below vacuum 15Pa, when temperature of charge-20～-21 DEG C, Hepialus larva can complete lyophilization in 24 hours.
The present invention adopts the dry Hepialus larva of the method for vacuum freeze drying, obtain the lifelike dry Hepialus larva of form, overcome that existing dry technology polypide is shrivelled, the shortcoming of color blackening, the commodity image and the value that have promoted Hepialus larva dry products, have the good prospect of marketing.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further illustrated.
1, pre-freeze
After the worm states such as bat 3～6 instar larvaes, prepupa are fully cleaned with clear water, taking 50～200 Hepialus larva as 1 group, be positioned over immediately long 30cm, wide 20cm, in the square stainless steel pallet of dark 1.5～3cm, after shakeouing rapidly, be placed in immediately refrigerator-freezer interior freezing, cryogenic temperature-10～-20 DEG C, cooling time is not less than 7 hours.
2, lyophilization
Open refrigeration machine, move in advance several minutes, condenser temperature is dropped to below-50 DEG C.To be placed on rapidly on the material disc of freeze dryer outfit, by 1000g～2000g weight in wet base/m through the Hepialus larva of pre-freeze
2the amount of freeze-drying area is loaded Hepialus larva in material disc, and Hepialus larva is uniformly distributed in material disc.After in material disc, Hepialus larva is loaded, vacuum (-tight) housing on cover, opens vavuum pump, see that on instrument board, vacuum declines and shows that system sealing is normal rapidly, sustainable start is dry, otherwise need to check the air-tightness of each attaching parts, until reach normal sealing effectiveness.Condenser temperature-40～-70 DEG C, vacuum 1～200Pa, dry run, by heating material disc, make temperature of charge remain on-20～-25 DEG C.During when condenser temperature-50～-70 DEG C, below vacuum 15Pa, when temperature of charge-20～-21 DEG C, Hepialus larva can complete lyophilization in 24 hours.From vacuum (-tight) housing, observe, polypide evenly becomes faint yellow, during without any watermark, shows that polypide is dry, stops dry run, and polypide is indeformable under normal temperature, normal pressure.If have dry incompletely, to place at normal temperatures several minutes, polypide can collapsing.
3, parsing-desiccation
Hepialus larva through lyophilization also contains in conjunction with water, and at this moment the water content of Hepialus larva, between 9～12%, also needs to carry out parsing-desiccation.Concrete grammar is, will complete the Hepialus larva of lyophilization, continues in freeze dryer dryly, and temperature of charge rises to 40～45 DEG C, condenser temperature-50～-70 DEG C, below vacuum 15Pa, 4～6 hours drying times.After parsing-desiccation, can obtain that indeformable, nondiscolouring, nutritional labeling are consistent with fresh Hepialus larva, water content is lower than 3% dry Hepialus larva.
4, investigate the heating-up temperature that Hepialus larva needed in the lyophilization stage
The supposition of 4.1 Hepialus larva eutectic temperatures
In the growth cabinet of 0.1 DEG C of temperature-controlled precision, freezing Baima bat Thitarodes baimaensis, people prop up each 100 of bat T.renzhiensis, Yunnan bat T.yunnanensis5-6 instar larvae, be placed in the plastics valve bag of 10cm × 5cm, from initial temperature-2 DEG C, every mistake declines 0.5 DEG C for 2 hours, when result drops to-19 DEG C, Yunnan Hepialus larva starts to freeze, and while dropping to-21 DEG C, Baima bat, people prop up bat and start to freeze.Therefore the eutectic temperature that can infer Yunnan bat 5-6 instar larvae approaches-19 DEG C, and the eutectic temperature that Baima bat, people prop up bat approaches-21 DEG C.
4.2 test 5-6 Hepialus larva in age are in suitable heating-up temperature of lyophilization stage.
For examination worm kind Baima bat, Yunnan bat, Baima bat probe temperature is respectively-21.5 DEG C ,-21 DEG C ,-20.5 DEG C ,-20 DEG C, and Yunnan bat is-19.5 DEG C ,-19 DEG C ,-18.5 DEG C ,-18 DEG C.Pre-freeze method is with technical solution of the present invention step 1, dry with 2TF-FD-27 type freeze dryer, lyophilization stage condenser temperature-63～-70 DEG C, vacuum 1Pa, the amount of fill 1500g/m of Hepialus larva in material disc
2, freeze-drying the results are shown in following table.
The dry result of table 1 Hepialus larva different material temperature in the time of lyophilization
5, investigate the pre-freeze method of Hepialus larva
Baima bat, people are propped up after bat, the each 320g water cleaning of Yunnan bat 5～6 instar larvae, be placed in dry gauze and move around, blot rapidly the moisture on polypide with gauze, after then weighing rapidly, be sub-packed in material disc, every worm kind fills 4 dishes, every dish 80g, wherein 2 dishes are placed in the quick-frozen of freeze dryer cold-trap, condenser temperature-63～-65 DEG C, 1 hour freezing time, all the other 2 dishes put in common refrigerator-freezer until polypide freeze all, freezing temperature-20～-25 DEG C, 5 hours freezing time.By dry the larva 2TF-FD-27 type freeze dryer that finishes pre-freeze, material amount of fill is 1800g/m2, and temperature of charge is controlled at-21 DEG C ± 0.1 DEG C, condenser temperature-63～-70 DEG C, vacuum 1Pa, various worms complete lyophilization required time in table 2 at different pre-freeze temperature.
The lyophilization time that table 2 Hepialus larva needs under different pre-freeze parameters
6, test parsing-desiccation temperature
The freeze-drying Hepialus larva that embodiment 2 is obtained is measured moisture by " mensuration-direct drying method GB5009.3-2010 of moisture in food ", record Baima bat 9.6%, people props up bat 9.4%, Yunnan bat 10%, also need to be further dried, take off in conjunction with water.With reference to the parsing-desiccation temperature of this area food, we have set 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 45 DEG C three kinds of probe temperatures.It is dry that each worm kind Hepialus larva that embodiment 2 is obtained is put back to freeze dryer again, a kind of temperature of each test is used 6 material discs at every turn, and every kind of worm is put 2 dishes, the worm of accurately weighing in every dish, weight is 20g, and result all can obtain water content three kinds of tests and be less than 3% Hepialus larva, is difference drying time, wherein 45 DEG C of persons are the shortest drying time, be 4 hours, 40 DEG C is 4.5 hours, and 35 DEG C is 6 hours.
Claims (2)
1. a freeze drying process for Hepialus larva, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) pre-freeze
After bat 3～6 instar larvaes or prepupa are cleaned with clear water, be placed in refrigerator-freezer freezing, cryogenic temperature-10～-25 DEG C, cooling time is not less than 7 hours;
(2) lyophilization
Hepialus larva through pre-freeze is pressed to 1000～2000g weight in wet base/m
2the amount of freeze-drying area is placed on the material disc of freeze dryer outfit, and Hepialus larva is uniformly distributed in material disc, start is dry, keep condenser temperature-40～-70 DEG C, vacuum 1-200Pa, temperature of charge-20～-25 DEG C, polypide evenly becomes faint yellow, during without any watermark, show that polypide is dry, stop lyophilization process;
(3) parsing-desiccation
To complete the Hepialus larva of lyophilization, continue in freeze dryer dryly, 40～45 DEG C of temperature of charge, condenser temperature-50～-70 DEG C, below vacuum 15 Pa, dry 4～6 hours, obtain water content lower than 3% dry Hepialus larva.
2. the freeze drying process of a kind of Hepialus larva according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described lyophilization of step (2), when keeping condenser temperature-50～-70 DEG C, below vacuum 15 Pa, when temperature of charge-20～-21 DEG C, Hepialus larva completed lyophilization in 24 hours.
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| CN104473884A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 济南康众医药科技开发有限公司 | Freeze-drying method of anti-cancer american cockroach |
| CN114794459A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-29 | 珠海中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and application of dried gramineae pests |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1107737A (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1995-09-06 | 李春燕 | Active northern cordyceps and its preparation |
| CN1400013A (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-03-05 | 重庆迪康长江制药有限公司 | Preparation method of cordyceps powder preparation |
| CN1607002A (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-20 | 张永清 | Method for processing Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN101104005A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-01-16 | 王森 | Biological freeze drying method for Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN101317562A (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2008-12-10 | 吕坤秋 | Biological vacuum freezing and drying method for aweto |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1107737A (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1995-09-06 | 李春燕 | Active northern cordyceps and its preparation |
| CN1400013A (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-03-05 | 重庆迪康长江制药有限公司 | Preparation method of cordyceps powder preparation |
| CN1607002A (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-20 | 张永清 | Method for processing Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN101104005A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-01-16 | 王森 | Biological freeze drying method for Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN101317562A (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2008-12-10 | 吕坤秋 | Biological vacuum freezing and drying method for aweto |
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Address after: 674499 Yunnan province Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Shangri-La city Nishicun Mashiki group road 214 East Patentee after: Shangri-La Canbo Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 674499 Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan province Shangri-La county built town Nishicun Mashiki group Patentee before: ShangriLa County Yikangbao Biological Technology Co., Ltd. |