CN103163066A - Liquid mechanical loss analysis meter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid mechanical loss analysis meter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103163066A CN103163066A CN2013100532831A CN201310053283A CN103163066A CN 103163066 A CN103163066 A CN 103163066A CN 2013100532831 A CN2013100532831 A CN 2013100532831A CN 201310053283 A CN201310053283 A CN 201310053283A CN 103163066 A CN103163066 A CN 103163066A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 32
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- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- VQMGPXKGNNEBLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile 1-pentyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical compound N#CC#N.C(CCCC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VQMGPXKGNNEBLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring instruments, in particular to a liquid mechanical loss analysis meter and a control method of the liquid mechanical loss analysis meter. The liquid mechanical loss analysis meter comprises a vacuum testing system and a control system. The vacuum testing system comprises a mechanical pump, a vacuum cover, a circulation oil bath, a test sample tube, a fixing mechanism, an oscillation starting sheet, a permanent magnet, a sheet, an electromagnetic drive coil, a laser source, and a differential photocell. A computer control system comprises an amplifying circuit, a signal generator, an analog/ digital converter, a computer system and a circulation oil bath temperature controller. The device can automatically measure mechanical loss of liquid in each temperature point and improve measuring precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the surveying instrument technical field, more specifically, relate to a kind of liquid machine loss analysis instrument and control method thereof.
Background technology
Liquid undergoes phase transition or viscoelastic variation is followed in the change of character usually, so the viscoelastic sign of liquid is significant to the research of liquid.
The key instrument that characterizes at present the liquid viscoelasticity characteristic is flow graph, and flow graph mainly comprises 3 types: capillary rheometer, torque rheometer and dynamic rheometer.Using capillary rheometer or torsion type flow graph, is all to make material pass through from instrument, and with the data of acquisition liquid viscosity and melt flows, but these two kinds of flow graph measuring accuracy are relatively poor, and for low viscous liquor sample, more are difficult to Measurement accuracy.The principle of work of dynamic rotary formula or oscillatory type flow graph and above-mentioned two kinds of flow graphs are different, fluid sample are placed in two assemblies during use, and one of them is fixed, another continuous rotation or do low-angle vibration.Dynamic rheometer has 3 kinds of different component patterns: cone-plate/flat, flat board/flat and concentric circles pillar, its ultimate principle is all by the motor with air bearing, fluid sample to be applied shear stress, measure the strain of sample, by calculating accordingly the data such as viscosity of sample.But dynamic rheometer, the shear-wave that produces at liquor sample during due to kinetic measurement decay is very fast, and large with the motor inertia of air bearing, makes stress, the strain of liquor sample (especially low-viscosity (mobile) liquid) be difficult to Measurement accuracy.Dynamic rheometer cone-plate/flat and dull and stereotyped/flat component pattern is not suitable for load measuring low-viscosity (mobile) liquid, although and the concentric circles pillar can measure the parameter of low-viscosity (mobile) liquid comparatively accurately, need the amount of liquid of loading larger again.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome above-mentioned at least a deficiency described in the prior art, and a kind of liquid machine loss analysis instrument and the control method thereof that can automatically measure the liquid mechanical loss and improve measuring accuracy is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of liquid machine loss analysis instrument includes vacuum test system and control system, and described vacuum test system comprises test suite and is used for holding the vacuum (-tight) housing of test suite; Be connected with aspiration pump on described vacuum (-tight) housing;
Described test suite comprises the recycle oil bath, is used for transparent coupon, two Electromagnetic Drive coils, LASER Light Source and differential photocells of splendid attire testing liquid; The upper and lower of described recycle oil bath is respectively equipped with entrance and exit; Described coupon opening upwards arranges, and its underpart and recycle oil bath are tightly connected; Be provided with the starting of oscillation sheet in described coupon, the openend of coupon is fixed in described starting of oscillation sheet upper end by fixed mechanism, and the lower end is connected be used to the ganoid thin slice that is inserted in testing liquid; Described starting of oscillation sheet is provided with permanent magnet; Described two Electromagnetic Drive coils are located at two side positions of recycle oil bath top coupon, and described permanent magnet south poles is on the line of centres of two Electromagnetic Drive coils; The face normal direction of described starting of oscillation sheet is mutually vertical with the face normal direction of thin slice, and LASER Light Source, starting of oscillation sheet and differential photocell are successively set on same straight line in order, and the plane, direction of vibration place of three's line and starting of oscillation sheet is vertical;
Described control system includes amplifying circuit, signal generator, A/D converter, the department of computer science recycle oil bath thermostat of unifying, described A/D converter is connected with computer system, signal generator and amplifying circuit respectively, described signal generator is connected with two Electromagnetic Drive coils, and described differential photocell is connected with amplifying circuit; Computer system is connected with recycle oil bath thermostat, and described recycle oil bath thermostat is connected with the entrance and exit of recycle oil bath respectively.
A kind of control method of above-mentioned liquid machine loss analysis instrument comprises the steps:
S1. with the liquor sample splendid attire in coupon;
S2. by computer system control recycle oil bath thermostat, the recycle oil bath is heated/is cooled to design temperature;
S3. described signal generator is by computer system control, the sine wave output signal is given two Electromagnetic Drive coils, with the vibration of excitation permanent magnet, this sine wave signal is input to A/D converter as the stress signal of starting of oscillation sheet, and permanent magnet drives the starting of oscillation sheet and thin slice vibrates together; The hot spot that the projection of starting of oscillation sheet is arranged that LASER Light Source produces on differential photocell is as output signal, sends computer system as the strain signal of starting of oscillation sheet to by A/D converter after being input to amplifying circuit and amplifying and stores;
S4. calculate the phasic difference of strain signal counter stress signal by computer system, characterize the mechanical loss of liquid with this.
Liquid machine loss analysis instrument of the present invention by the automatic control of control system, has been realized the purpose of automatic measurement liquid machine loss.From by the motor with air bearing, fluid sample to be applied shear stress in prior art different, the present invention vibrates with Electromagnetic Drive coil stimulating permanent magnet, make the thin glass sheet on the starting of oscillation sheet apply shear stress to fluid sample, the inertia of vibrational system greatly reduces, greatly improved the measuring accuracy of liquor sample stress, strain, the amount of liquid of loading only needs 1-2ml.The variation of phasic difference that only need to be by measuring liquor sample strain counter stress can characterize the variation that liquid machine can loss accurately, for sign and the applied research of liquid phase-change provides good research tool.In addition, because test process is measured in the environment of the vacuum that vacuum (-tight) housing forms, condense without steam, also further improved measuring accuracy.
Preferably, during test, in step S3, the sine wave freuqency of signal generator is the 80-120% that liquor sample, starting of oscillation sheet, permanent magnet and thin slice form the resonant frequency of system.The viscoelasticity of liquid shows as the loss of mechanical energy, and the loss of mechanical energy can be characterized by the phasic difference of liquor sample strain counter stress.Experiment is found, in certain scope, the variation of stress amplitude, strain amplitude is little on the impact of phasic difference, but when test frequency is near the system resonance frequency, test frequency is more near resonant frequency, the phasic difference that the mechanical energy loss change to produce changes greatly, and the precision of measurement that can loss to liquid machine is higher.So the present invention measures the variation of the phasic difference of liquor sample strain counter stress near the system resonance frequency, the precision that makes the loss of liquid machine energy measure is greatly improved.So the present invention drives the starting of oscillation sheet by solenoid, near the variation of measuring the phasic difference of liquor sample strain counter stress the system resonance frequency can characterize the variation of liquid machine energy loss, and phase transformation or the character change of liquid are studied.
Further, the entrance and exit of described recycle oil bath extends to the vacuum (-tight) housing surface location by pipeline respectively, and is connected with recycle oil bath thermostat in the surface.
Further, described aspiration pump is mechanical pump or vacuum pump.Be not limited to this two kinds of pumps, as long as can make vacuum (-tight) housing reach certain vacuum tightness.
Further, described coupon is glass tube.The glass tube low price adopts laboratory glass test tube commonly used to get final product.
Further, described smooth thin slice is thin glass sheet.This is also to be in to reduce costs and the angle of the aspect of drawing materials is considered.
Further, described A/D converter is mould/number multifunction card.
Further, the temperature controlling range of described recycle oil bath thermostat (being the design temperature scope in step S2) is-30
oC to 180
oC。This temperature range is relevant with the restriction of the working temperature of the selection of the oil bath medium of recycle oil bath thermostat, the restriction of minimum control temperature and permanent magnet, suitably select oil bath medium, temperature controller and permanent magnet, can further expand temperature controlling range of the present invention.
Further, described fixed mechanism is fixed chuck.This is the comparatively simple fixed mechanism of a kind of structure, certainly, as long as can fix the starting of oscillation sheet, is not limited to adopt this a kind of structure of fixed chuck.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is: liquid machine loss analysis instrument of the present invention, by the automatic control of control system, realized the purpose of automatic measurement liquid machine loss.The variation of phasic difference that only need to be by measuring liquor sample strain counter stress can characterize the variation that liquid machine can loss accurately, for sign and the applied research of liquid phase-change provides good research tool.In addition, because test process is measured in the environment of the vacuum that vacuum (-tight) housing forms, condense without steam, improved measuring accuracy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the liquid machine loss analysis instrument structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be in the embodiment of the present invention sample 25
oStrain amplitude during C
A-frequency
fCurve and phasic difference
-frequency
fCurve.
Fig. 3 be in the embodiment of the present invention sample in the phasic difference of 60Hz and 80Hz
-temperature
TCurve map.
Fig. 4 is the dielectric coefficient ε-temperature of corresponding liquor sample
TCurve map.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, only be used for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
For the ease of explaining and explanation, the size of various piece and structure does not represent physical size, have to exaggerate, and has to dwindle, and what accompanying drawing represented is only schematic diagram, but not pictorial diagram.Specifically describe for clear, some known function and structure may be the abridged, and the explanation of these structures has also been omitted.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " on ", orientation or the position relationship of the indications such as D score, " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, unless otherwise prescribed or limit, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, rather than indicate or hint that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, construct and operation with specific orientation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise prescribed or limit, need to prove, term " installation ", " connection ", " being connected " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be that mechanical connection or electrical connection or gas circuit connect, can be also the connection of two element internals, can be direct connection, can be also indirectly to be connected by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the liquid machine loss analysis instrument structural representation for the embodiment of the present invention includes vacuum test system and control system, and the vacuum test system comprises test suite and is used for holding the vacuum (-tight) housing 2 of test suite; Be connected with mechanical pump 1 on vacuum (-tight) housing 2.
Test suite comprises recycle oil bath 3, is used for transparent glass tube 4, two Electromagnetic Drive coils 10, LASER Light Source 11 and differential photocells 12 of splendid attire testing liquid.The upper and lower of recycle oil bath 3 is respectively equipped with entrance 3a and outlet 3b.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, glass tube 4 opening upwards settings, its underpart and recycle oil bath 3 are tightly connected, and can make the liquor sample 5 that is contained in glass tube that good probe temperature environment is arranged.Be provided with starting of oscillation sheet 7 in glass tube 4, the openend of glass tube 4 is fixed in starting of oscillation sheet 7 upper ends by fixed chuck 6, and the lower end is connected be used to the ganoid thin glass sheet 9 that is inserted in testing liquid.Starting of oscillation sheet 7 is provided with permanent magnet 8.Two Electromagnetic Drive coils 10 are located at two side positions of recycle oil bath 3 top glass tubes 4, and permanent magnet 8 south poles are on the line of centres of two Electromagnetic Drive coils 10.Permanent magnet can side-to-side vibrations under the magneticaction of Electromagnetic Drive coil 10 like this.The face normal direction of starting of oscillation sheet 7 is mutually vertical with the face normal direction of thin glass sheet 9, and the face normal direction of starting of oscillation sheet 7 and the south poles of permanent magnet 8 are in the same way.Above-mentioned orientation setting can make thin glass sheet 9 produce the Relative Vibration that is parallel to surface of glass slide with respect to liquid, so that the disturbance of 9 pairs of liquid of thin glass sheet drops to minimum.Obviously, thin glass sheet is thinner, and disturbance is less, limitedly selects thin glass sheet.
Control system includes amplifying circuit 14, signal generator 15, mould/number multifunction card 16, computer system 17 and recycle oil bath thermostat 18, mould/number multifunction card 16 is connected with computer system 17, signal generator 15 and amplifying circuit 14 respectively, signal generator 15 is connected with two Electromagnetic Drive coils 10, and differential photocell 12 is connected with amplifying circuit 14.
A kind of control method of above-mentioned liquid machine loss analysis instrument comprises the steps:
S1. with liquor sample 5 splendid attires in glass tube 4;
S2. by computer system 17 controlled circulation oil bath thermostats 18, recycle oil bath 3 is heated/is cooled to design temperature;
S3. signal generator 15 is controlled by computer system 17, the sine wave output signal is given two Electromagnetic Drive coils 10, with 8 vibrations of excitation permanent magnet, this sine wave signal is input to mould/number multifunction card 16 as the stress signal of starting of oscillation sheet 7, and permanent magnet 8 drives starting of oscillation sheet 7 and thin glass sheet 9 vibrates together; The hot spot 13 of the projection that starting of oscillation sheet 7 is arranged that LASER Light Source 11 produces on differential photocell 12 is input to the amplifying circuit 14 rear strain signals as starting of oscillation sheet 7 of amplification and sends computer system 17 to and store by mould/number multifunction card 16 as output signal;
S4. computer system 17 is calculated the phasic difference of strain signal counter stress signal by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), characterizes the mechanical loss of liquid with this.
During test, in step S3, the sine wave freuqency of signal generator 15 is the 80-120% that liquor sample 5, starting of oscillation sheet 7, permanent magnet 8 and thin glass sheet 9 form the resonant frequency of system.Above-mentioned resonant frequency is to obtain like this: before the test beginning, select a probe temperature in Range of measuring temp, the system that liquor sample 5, starting of oscillation sheet 7, permanent magnet 8 and thin glass sheet 9 are formed carries out the measurement of frequency spectrum, obtains the resonant frequency of system.Experiment shows more the resonant frequency near system, and mechanical loss changes corresponding phasic difference and changes greatly, can improve greatly measuring accuracy, as shown in Figure 3.
In the test process to liquor sample 5, mechanical loss is produced by the mechanical loss of starting of oscillation sheet 7 and the mechanical loss coupling of liquor sample 5, affect the phasic difference of strain counter stress, the starting of oscillation sheet 7 of selecting mechanical loss in the temperature range of test is that linear change is even substantially constant, this makes tests the variation that the phasic difference that obtains changes the mechanical loss that can characterize liquid, the phase transformation of reaction liquid or change procedure.
Below by experiment, liquid machine loss analysis instrument measurement result of the present invention is described, the present invention has advantages of that measuring accuracy is high with checking:
The liquor sample 5 that the present embodiment is selected is pentylbiphenyl cyanogen (being called for short 5CB) liquid crystal, and the temperature range of test is 20
oC to 45
oC, without significantly volatilizing and the impact test, this liquid crystal is heated to 34 to this liquid crystal in this temperature range
oC to 36
oC has a Nematic liquid crystalline phase to the transformation of amorphous liquid phase, and specific inductive capacity changes the isotropy (see figure 4) into by anisotropy.Starting of oscillation sheet 7 is selected the stainless steel substrates of 20mm*3mm*0.2 mm, and permanent magnet 8 is selected Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, and thin glass sheet 9 is selected the cover glass of the 20mm*3mm*0.15mm of well cutting, makes glass sheet drop to minimum to the disturbance of liquid.Glass tube 4 is selected the test tube of internal diameter 8mm, and liquor sample 1.5ml is housed.
At first the system that liquor sample 5, starting of oscillation sheet 7, permanent magnet 8 and thin glass sheet 9 is formed carries out the measurement of frequency spectrum, obtains 5CB liquid crystal system 25
oStrain amplitude during C
A-frequency
fCurve and phasic difference
-frequency
fCurve, as shown in Figure 2, the resonant frequency that obtains thus said system is 85Hz.
By the stress signal that collects and strain signal, by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), draw the phasic difference of 5CB liquid crystal system 60Hz and 80Hz
-temperature
TCurve map, as shown in Figure 3, can find out clearly, the 5CB liquid crystal system changes in the phasic difference that the phasic difference of 80Hz changes much larger than at 60Hz the time, illustrated thus that more near the resonant frequency of system, mechanical loss changes corresponding phasic difference and changes greatly, can improve greatly measuring accuracy.And the dielectric coefficient ε-temperature of liquor sample in comparison diagram 4
TCurve map can find out, liquid machine loss test instrument of the present invention can characterize phase transformation or the change procedure of liquid well.
Above-described embodiment is better embodiment of the present invention; it should be understood that; above-described embodiment is not limited to the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art is not in the situation that break away from the aim of principle of the present invention; variation, modification, replacement and distortion that above-described embodiment is made are within all should falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a liquid machine loss analysis instrument, is characterized in that, includes vacuum test system and control system, and described vacuum test system comprises test suite and is used for holding the vacuum (-tight) housing of test suite; Be connected with aspiration pump on described vacuum (-tight) housing;
Described test suite comprises the recycle oil bath, is used for transparent coupon, two Electromagnetic Drive coils, LASER Light Source and differential photocells of splendid attire testing liquid; The upper and lower of described recycle oil bath is respectively equipped with entrance and exit; Described coupon opening upwards arranges, and its underpart and recycle oil bath are tightly connected; Be provided with the starting of oscillation sheet in described coupon, the openend of coupon is fixed in described starting of oscillation sheet upper end by fixed mechanism, and the lower end is connected be used to the ganoid thin slice that is inserted in testing liquid; Described starting of oscillation sheet is provided with permanent magnet; Described two Electromagnetic Drive coils are located at two side positions of recycle oil bath top coupon, and described permanent magnet south poles is on the line of centres of two Electromagnetic Drive coils; The face normal direction of described starting of oscillation sheet is mutually vertical with the face normal direction of thin slice, and LASER Light Source, starting of oscillation sheet and differential photocell are successively set on same straight line in order, and the plane, direction of vibration place of three's line and starting of oscillation sheet is vertical;
Described control system includes amplifying circuit, signal generator, A/D converter, the department of computer science recycle oil bath thermostat of unifying, described A/D converter is connected with computer system, signal generator and amplifying circuit respectively, described signal generator is connected with two Electromagnetic Drive coils, and described differential photocell is connected with amplifying circuit; Computer system is connected with recycle oil bath thermostat, and described recycle oil bath thermostat is connected with the entrance and exit of recycle oil bath respectively.
2. liquid machine loss analysis instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the entrance and exit of described recycle oil bath extends to the vacuum (-tight) housing surface location by pipeline respectively, and be connected with recycle oil bath thermostat in the surface.
3. liquid machine loss analysis instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aspiration pump is mechanical pump or vacuum pump.
4. liquid machine loss analysis instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coupon is glass tube; Described smooth thin slice is thin glass sheet.
5. liquid machine loss analysis instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described A/D converter is mould/number multifunction card.
6. according to claim 1-5 arbitrary described liquid machine loss analysis instrument, is characterized in that, the temperature controlling range of described recycle oil bath thermostat is-30
oC to 180
oC。
7. according to claim 1-5 arbitrary described microcell in-fighting measuring instruments, is characterized in that, described fixed mechanism is fixed chuck.
8. the control method of a liquid machine loss analysis instrument claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
S1. with the liquor sample splendid attire in coupon;
S2. by computer system control recycle oil bath thermostat, the recycle oil bath is heated/is cooled to design temperature;
S3. described signal generator is by computer system control, the sine wave output signal is given two Electromagnetic Drive coils, with the vibration of excitation permanent magnet, this sine wave signal is input to A/D converter as the stress signal of starting of oscillation sheet, and permanent magnet drives the starting of oscillation sheet and thin slice vibrates together; The hot spot that the projection of starting of oscillation sheet is arranged that LASER Light Source produces on differential photocell is as output signal, sends computer system as the strain signal of starting of oscillation sheet to by A/D converter after being input to amplifying circuit and amplifying and stores;
S4. calculate the phasic difference of strain signal counter stress signal by computer system, characterize the mechanical loss of liquid with this.
9. control method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, during test, in described step S3, the sine wave freuqency of signal generator is the 80-120% that liquor sample, starting of oscillation sheet, permanent magnet and thin slice form the resonant frequency of system.
10. control method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described design temperature scope is-30
oC to 180
oC。
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| CN201310053283.1A CN103163066B (en) | 2013-02-19 | 2013-02-19 | A kind of liquid machine loss analysis instrument |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106814007A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-09 | 广西大学 | A kind of flow measurements computer control system |
| CN107607443A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-19 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | A kind of small-sized torque rheometer suitable for tabletop experiments |
| WO2023130554A1 (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-13 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Portable internal friction measuring apparatus and internal friction measurement method |
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