CN103163004A - Austenite crystal boundary display method under condition of high-temperature deformation of medium-carbon microalloyed steel - Google Patents
Austenite crystal boundary display method under condition of high-temperature deformation of medium-carbon microalloyed steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an austenite crystal boundary display method under the condition of high-temperature deformation of medium-carbon microalloyed steel, and belongs to the technical field of physical detection. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a sample, immediately quenching after high-temperature deformation, coarsely grinding, finely grinding, polishing, and putting the polished sample into a corrodent at 45 DEG C, wherein in the corrodent formula comprises 60ml tap water, 1.2-1.6g of picric acid, 0.4-0.5g of paste shampoo, 0.04-0.06ml dimethylbenzene, 0.08-0.12ml of hydrochloric acid, 0.06-0.1ml of hydrofluoric acid and 8-10ml of copper chloride; corroding the sample for 1-2 minutes, taking out the corroded sample after the surface of the sample become dark, cleaning with alcohol, and drying, wherein original austenite crystals can be relatively clearly observed under a microscope. The austenite crystal boundary display method has the advantage that the problem that austenite crystals cannot be relatively clearly observed under the condition of high-temperature deformation of the medium-carbon microalloyed steel. The method is simple to implement and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that under middle carbon microalloy steel high temperature deformation condition, austenite grain boundary shows, belong to the physical detection technical field.
Background technology
In controlled rolling technique after high temperature deformation austenite grain size will directly affect room temperature texture, the mechanical properties such as the intensity of steel, toughness are had a great impact, therefore, the austenite crystal that accurately shows steel is to Microstructural evolution in carbon microalloy steel production run in research, rationally control technological parameter and guarantee that properties of product are quite important.Can austenite crystal be shown the many factors such as the chemical composition depend on sample, condition of heat treatment, corrosion method, erosion time clearly.Have a variety ofly about austenitic display packing, also constantly explored, improve by vast researcher.Display packing commonly used has oxidizing process, ferrite net method, segregation of Mn method etc., and wherein effect is preferably the grain boundary corrosion method.
Chinese patent CN101349621 discloses " a kind of method of clearly displaying low carbon low alloy steel austenite crystal " the method and has comprised quenching process and corrosion process, special feature is: it is as follows that described corrosion process gathers the mordant proportioning: distilled water 80ml ~ 100ml, CrO
38 ~ 10g, picric acid 1.6 ~ 2 g, oxirane 2ml ~ 4ml, this invention is adopted specifically, and mordant is equipped with suitable caustic solution, can clearly demonstrate austenite grain boundary, the method has been filled up the blank of low-carbon and low-alloy austenite grain boundary display technique, but the etching time that weak point is sample reaches 40 ~ 60min, and efficient is lower.
Chinese patent CN101368889A discloses " a kind of method that shows the high-strength ship plates original austenite grain ", the method processing step is corase grind, fine grinding, polishing and corrosion, polished sample is put into the corrosive liquid of 70 ~ 80 ℃, the formula of corrosive liquid is: 100ml distilled water, 5 ~ 7g picric acid, hydrochloric acid 0.5 ~ 1.5ml, neopelex 3 ~ 5g, sea-gull board hair cream 5 ~ 15g, hydrogen peroxide 0.3 ~ 1ml, corrode after 1 ~ 2 minute, take out when specimen surface is dimmed, clean with alcohol, dry up, just can be observed more clearly original austenite tissue at microscopically, the method has solved the high-strength ship plates austenite crystal and has shown difficult problem, but whether the middle carbon microalloy steel under the high temperature deformation condition is suitable for do not relate to.
Austenite generation recrystallization after the high temperature deformation of middle carbon microalloy steel, different with the distortion technological parameter, the austenite recrystallization degree also changes thereupon, when deformation temperature lower, when deflection is larger, there is mixed crystal phenomenon in deformed austenite crystal grain, has increased the corrosion difficulty, and the present invention can this austenite structure of clear demonstration.
Summary of the invention
Defective for the prior art existence, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that under middle carbon microalloy steel high temperature deformation condition, austenite grain boundary shows, is a kind of method that method is easy, efficient is high and the lower carbon microalloy steel of suitable high temperature deformation condition austenite grain boundary shows.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme:
A kind of method that under middle carbon microalloy steel high temperature deformation condition, austenite grain boundary shows, being used for carbon content is 0.30 ~ 0.40 wt%, silicone content is 0.17 ~ 0.37 wt%, manganese content is 1.40 ~ 1.70 wt%, and contain the middle carbon microalloy steel of a small amount of Ni, Cr, V, Cu microalloy element, processing step is as follows:
A) sample preparation: first the oxide skin with specimen surface after high-temperature deformation quenching grinds off on abrasive machine, then erosional surface finish grinded on 180#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, then polishing on buffing machine; Brilliant polish adopts 1.5um diamond polishing cream, uses water as lubricant; With the sample alcohol wash after polishing, dry at last; Examine under a microscope erosional surface, to guarantee that specimen surface without defectives such as any pit, pit, stains, can leave a small amount of cut.
B) mordant preparation and erosion: picric acid and hair cream are added in tap water according to the mordant formula, be heated to 45 ℃, insulation 10 ~ 20min dissolves picric acid, hair cream fully, then add dimethylbenzene, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluorite, cupric chloride, and with glass bar, reagent is stirred; Mordant is put in the employing bamboo clip clamping sample of grinding and polishing, makes erosional surface up, puts into mordant and corrodes 1 ~ 2min, take out when specimen surface is dimmed, use alcohol drip washing, the alcohol with absorbent cotton wipe surfaces remnants dries up in the dry, flowable air at last; Examine under a microscope original austenite crystal boundary clearly.
Above-mentioned mordant formula is: tap water 60ml, picric acid 1.2 ~ 1.6g, hair cream 0.4 ~ 0.5g, dimethylbenzene 0.04 ~ 0.06ml, hydrochloric acid 0.08 ~ 0.12ml, hydrofluorite 0.06 ~ 0.1ml, cupric chloride 8 ~ 10mg.
According to the variation of deformation temperature, can suitably adjust etching time.If corrode too shallowly, need to put into again mordant and continue corrosion, extend etching time; If tissue is deceived and occurred to the specimen surface color, explanation corrosion is too dark, uses sand paper correct grinding, the polishing of 1000# this moment, then puts into mordant and again corrode, and generally repeats above corrosion and can show complete crystal boundary 1 ~ 2 time.
The microinhomogeneity of the composition and structure of metal surface can cause that difference appears in the free energy between each microcell, and namely difference appears in thermodynamic stability.Therefore also just electrochemical nonuniformity must occur between each microcell, the current potential of each microcell that is corroding or current density are also just different.This has just caused different corrosion speeds and corrosive effect, and metal is on crystal boundary and the atom of crystal grain inside, and the numerical value of its free energy is different.The negative value of the electrode potential on crystal boundary is greater than the electrode potential of grain surface, and therefore, crystal boundary is more perishable.
The present invention has added hair cream, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluorite on the basis of saturated picric acid mordant, the Display of Grain Boundary of saturated picric acid centering carbon microalloy steel is clear not, and the characteristics that add hair cream are to contain the kinds of surface activating agent, matrix corrosion there is inhibiting effect, and then has improved crystal boundary and crystal grain internal corrosion contrast; Appropriate hydrochloric acid, the hydrofluorite of adding can dissolve the surface deformation layer, and with matrix generation chemical reaction, the Fe of generation
3+Ion, Fe
3+Ion can block picric acid and continue the corrosion intracrystalline, makes crystal boundary be able to darker corrosion, thereby obtains grain boundary more clearly.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and advantage significantly:
Prepare and corrosion method by mentioned reagent, can show clearly the lower carbon microalloy steel of high temperature deformation condition austenite grain boundary, method is simple, processing ease, for studying technological parameter in such steel high temperature deformation process, the impact of microstructure evolution has been improved important theoretical foundation, carbon microalloy steel in producing is rationally controlled technological parameter and guaranteed that properties of product all play important effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the austenite crystal that the embodiment of the present invention 1 sample is observed under the metallography microscope crystalline substance amplifies 300 times.
Fig. 2 is the austenite crystal that the embodiment of the present invention 2 samples are observed under the metallography microscope crystalline substance amplifies 300 times.
Embodiment
Below with embodiment, the present invention is done more detailed description.These embodiment are only the descriptions to best mode for carrying out the invention, scope of the present invention are not had any restriction.
Embodiment 1
The chemical composition of sample number percent by weight is: C:0.32%, and Si:0.25%, Mn:1.61%, P:0.012%, S:0.002%, Ni:0.006%, Cr:0.017%, Mo:0.003%, V:0.110% belongs to middle carbon microalloy steel;
Technological process and the step of the present embodiment are as described below:
(1) sample preparation: sample is out of shape at 1100 ℃, deformation quantity 30%, quench immediately after distortion, first each surperficial oxide skin of sample is ground off on abrasive machine, then erosional surface is finish grinded on 180#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, at last with sample polishing on buffing machine of finish grinding, brilliant polish adopts 1.5um diamond polishing cream, water is as lubricant, sample after polishing is cleaned with alcohol, examine under a microscope erosional surface, there is a little cut in specimen surface without any pit, pit, stain.
(2) mordant formula: tap water 60ml, picric acid 1.4g, hair cream 0.48g, dimethylbenzene 0.05ml, hydrochloric acid 0.09ml, hydrofluorite 0.08ml, cupric chloride 8mg.
(3) mordant preparation and corrosion method: get the 60ml tap water, add hair cream and picric acid according to formula, be heated to 45 ℃, insulation 15min; After hair cream dissolves fully, add dimethylbenzene, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluorite, cupric chloride according to the reagent proportioning, and with glass bar, reagent is stirred; The sample that adopts the bamboo clip clamping to prepare is put into mordant, makes erosional surface up, corrodes 95s; Until the dimmed rear taking-up of specimen surface, clean with a large amount of alcohol, and with the alcohol of absorbent cotton wipe surfaces remnants, dry up at last, observe under metaloscope, find that there is black film in the surface portion zone and occurs organizing.Again with sand paper correct grinding, the polishing of 1000#, then put into mordant and corrode 80s, next observe under metaloscope, obtain at last austenite crystal shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2
The chemical composition of sample number percent by weight is: C:0.38%, and Si:0.28%, Mn:1.7%, P:0.008%, S:0.004%, Ni:0.008%, Cr:0.015%, Mo:0.008%, V:0.115% belongs to middle carbon microalloy steel;
Technological process and the step of the present embodiment are as described below:
(1) sample preparation: sample is out of shape under 900 ℃, deformation quantity 40%, quench immediately after distortion, first each surperficial oxide skin of sample is ground off on abrasive machine, then erosional surface is finish grinded on 180#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, at last with sample polishing on polished machine of finish grinding, brilliant polish adopts 1.5um diamond polishing cream, water is as lubricant, sample after polishing is cleaned with alcohol, examine under a microscope erosional surface, specimen surface is without any pit, pit, stain.
(2) mordant formula: tap water 60ml, picric acid 1.5g, hair cream 0.4g, dimethylbenzene 0.04ml, hydrochloric acid 0.11ml, hydrofluorite 0.1ml, cupric chloride 9mg.
(3) mordant preparation and corrosion method: get the 60ml tap water, add hair cream and picric acid according to formula, be heated to 45 ℃, insulation 18min; After hair cream dissolves fully, add dimethylbenzene, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluorite, cupric chloride according to the reagent proportioning, with glass bar, reagent is stirred; The sample that adopts the bamboo clip clamping to prepare is put into mordant, makes erosional surface up, corrodes 75s; Until the dimmed rear taking-up of specimen surface, clean with a large amount of alcohol, and with the alcohol of absorbent cotton wipe surfaces remnants, dry up at last, observe under metaloscope, obtain austenite crystal shown in Figure 2.
Claims (2)
1. the method that under carbon microalloy steel high temperature deformation condition, austenite grain boundary shows in a kind, being used for carbon content is 0.30 ~ 0.40 wt%, silicone content is 0.17 ~ 0.37 wt%, manganese content is 1.40 ~ 1.70 wt%, and contain the middle carbon microalloy steel of a small amount of Ni, Cr, V, Cu microalloy element, it is characterized in that, processing step is as follows:
A) sample preparation: first the oxide skin with specimen surface after high-temperature deformation quenching grinds off on abrasive machine, then erosional surface finish grinded on 180#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, then polishing on buffing machine; Brilliant polish adopts 1.5um diamond polishing cream, uses water as lubricant; With the sample alcohol wash after polishing, dry at last;
B) mordant preparation and erosion: picric acid and hair cream are added in tap water according to the mordant formula, be heated to 45 ℃, insulation 10 ~ 20min dissolves picric acid, hair cream fully, then add dimethylbenzene, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluorite, cupric chloride, and with glass bar, reagent is stirred; Mordant is put in the employing bamboo clip clamping sample of grinding and polishing, makes erosional surface up, puts into mordant and corrodes 1 ~ 2min, take out when specimen surface is dimmed, use alcohol drip washing, the alcohol with absorbent cotton wipe surfaces remnants dries up in the dry, flowable air at last; Examine under a microscope original austenite crystal boundary clearly.
2. the method that under middle carbon microalloy steel high temperature deformation condition according to claim 1, austenite grain boundary shows, it is characterized in that, described mordant formula is: tap water 60ml, picric acid 1.2 ~ 1.6g, hair cream 0.4 ~ 0.5g, dimethylbenzene 0.04 ~ 0.06ml, hydrochloric acid 0.08 ~ 0.12ml, hydrofluorite 0.06 ~ 0.1ml, cupric chloride 8 ~ 10mg.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104236980A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 钢铁研究总院 | Retained austenite contained dual phase steel color metallography coloring agent and coloring display method |
| CN104990784A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-21 | 钢铁研究总院 | Method for displaying prior austenite crystal boundary of steel for nuclear pressure vessel |
| CN106053471A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-26 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for showing austenite crystal boundary of micro-alloyed steel in vacuum hot-corrosion condition |
| CN107843706A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-27 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Thermal power plants based on Brinell hardness tissue and precipitated phase characteristic synthetic T/P92 heat resisting steel aging ranking methods |
| CN108531913A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-14 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | The corrosive agent and preparation method and caustic solution of a kind of mild steel flat cold-rolled sheet microscopic structure |
| CN109001200A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-14 | 济南大学 | A kind of corrosive liquid and caustic solution of medium carbon steel original austenite crystal boundary |
| CN110376047A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-25 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of medium carbon steel autstenitic grain size detection method |
| CN111811912A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-23 | 什邡新工金属材料有限公司 | Metallographic corrosion method for high-carbon martensitic stainless steel grain boundary |
| CN112525903A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Corrosion display method for austenite grain size of high-strength steel |
| CN112903402A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 东北大学 | Cast dendrite corrosive for hot work die steel H13 and application method thereof |
| CN113390697A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-14 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | Corrosion method for 15-5PH austenite grain size |
| CN113504093A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-15 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Grain size display method for alloy containing cobalt element not easy to corrode |
| CN115323378A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-11 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Metallographic corrosive agent for displaying sliding band of austenitic material and preparation method and application method thereof |
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Cited By (15)
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| CN104236980A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 钢铁研究总院 | Retained austenite contained dual phase steel color metallography coloring agent and coloring display method |
| CN104990784A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-21 | 钢铁研究总院 | Method for displaying prior austenite crystal boundary of steel for nuclear pressure vessel |
| CN106053471A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-26 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for showing austenite crystal boundary of micro-alloyed steel in vacuum hot-corrosion condition |
| CN107843706A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-27 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Thermal power plants based on Brinell hardness tissue and precipitated phase characteristic synthetic T/P92 heat resisting steel aging ranking methods |
| CN108531913A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-14 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | The corrosive agent and preparation method and caustic solution of a kind of mild steel flat cold-rolled sheet microscopic structure |
| CN109001200A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-14 | 济南大学 | A kind of corrosive liquid and caustic solution of medium carbon steel original austenite crystal boundary |
| CN110376047A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-25 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of medium carbon steel autstenitic grain size detection method |
| CN111811912A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-23 | 什邡新工金属材料有限公司 | Metallographic corrosion method for high-carbon martensitic stainless steel grain boundary |
| CN112525903A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Corrosion display method for austenite grain size of high-strength steel |
| CN112525903B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-06-24 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Corrosion display method for austenite grain size of high-strength steel |
| CN112903402A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 东北大学 | Cast dendrite corrosive for hot work die steel H13 and application method thereof |
| CN113390697A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-14 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | Corrosion method for 15-5PH austenite grain size |
| CN113504093A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-15 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Grain size display method for alloy containing cobalt element not easy to corrode |
| CN115323378A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-11 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Metallographic corrosive agent for displaying sliding band of austenitic material and preparation method and application method thereof |
| CN115323378B (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-04-26 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Metallographic corrosive agent for displaying sliding band of austenitic material, and preparation method and use method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130619 |