CN103155211B - Battery with over-pressure safety device - Google Patents
Battery with over-pressure safety device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103155211B CN103155211B CN201080068364.3A CN201080068364A CN103155211B CN 103155211 B CN103155211 B CN 103155211B CN 201080068364 A CN201080068364 A CN 201080068364A CN 103155211 B CN103155211 B CN 103155211B
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- current
- battery
- carrying part
- pressure sensing
- battery unit
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010061619 Deformity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000965 Duroplast Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002096 lithium permanganate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005493 welding type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
- H01M50/167—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by crimping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
- H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
- H01M50/56—Cup shaped terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of battery including overvoltage open circuit assembly, this overvoltage open circuit assembly has pressure sensing surface, and this pressure sensing surface is configured to: when the internal pressure of battery reaches preset pressure threshold value, and it deforms and interrupts electrical connection.This pressure sensing sheet face includes that being suitable for when overvoltage being detected realizing electrical connection interrupts the default machinery weak area pattern of deformation.This assembly has low contact resistance under the conditions of normal battery operation, and allows quick current interruption when cell internal pressure meets or exceeds preset pressure threshold value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the battery with over-pressure safety device, and relate more specifically to such as
Li-Ion rechargeable batteries etc. have the rechargeable battery of overvoltage current breaking device or assembly.The present invention
Further relate to a kind of overvoltage tripper for rechargeable battery.
Background technology
Battery is the form of widely used storage energy source.One typical battery just includes
Pole plate group and negative plate group, wherein positive plate group and negative plate group are divided by the electrode of each of which
It is not connected to positive output terminals and negative output terminals.This is to positive plate group and negative plate group bag
It is contained in battery unit and immerses in the electrolyte.When the lead-out terminal of battery is electrically connected
Time, the energy of storage discharges and is converted into electric energy in transformation process.When battery charges, electricity
The energy of storage can be converted into by contrary process.The transformation process of these energy produces
Heat amount and gas, and the internal pressure of battery unit may increase over safety margins.
In order to avoid security risk, such as, the blast caused due to overvoltage is prevented, it is known that with overvoltage
The battery of protection.
Owing to charged lithium cells energy density is high, cell voltage is high and long shelf-life, the most right
For numerous consumer electronicses, charged lithium cells is preferred, and at present the most electronic
The electric power application such as instrument, power bicycle and electric automobile just become to become more and more popular.But,
It is well known that overvoltage protection is to pass for maintaining the safe handling of charged lithium cells
Important.
Open US5,418,082 and US4,943,497 of patent describes to be had current voltage and broke
The sealed cell of road device, wherein, it is by welding group that the electric current between electrode and terminal connects
Part is formed.When the internal pressure of internal cell reaches predetermined threshold value, safety member operating with
Interrupt this to be welded to connect, thus the electric current disconnecting battery connects.
The open US5,750,277 of patent describes has another type of overvoltage current interruption dress
The sealed cell put.In the apparatus, the electric current between electrode and terminal connects is by making bullet
Property conductive component presses against and is formed on another conductive component.When the inside of this internal cell is pressed
When power reaches predetermined threshold value, safety member deforms and operates with interruptive current connection, thus disconnects
The electric current of battery connects.
The open US7 of patent, 186,477 describe the charged lithium cells with overvoltage protection top cover,
This top cover consists essentially of safety diaphragm (31), this safety diaphragm and annular solder thin slice (33) riveting
Connect to form electric current to connect.When the internal pressure of battery exceedes threshold value, safety diaphragm ejects rapidly
Carry out interruptive current to connect.
It is well known, however, that overvoltage current breaking device be not the most satisfactory.Such as, upper
In the welding type device that face is firstly mentioned, realize the lowest because typically requiring big weld zone
Resistance, so needing the highest internal pressure to interrupt being welded to connect and therefore turn-off current
Connect.In spring pushing apparatus, contact resistance during the electromagnetism life-span can be variable also
And inconsistent, and showed before vibration test equipped with the battery of this kind of device is not very
Good, this vibration test is necessary when battery i.e. will push against consumption market.At US
In the riveted type device of 7,186,477, if the contact between safety diaphragm and annular solder thin slice
Resistance is the lowest, then is accomplished by the highest internal pressure and ejects rapidly safety diaphragm.
It would thus be advantageous to can be the overvoltage current interruption of sealed cell a kind of improvement of offer
Device is to reduce at least some shortcoming in known devices.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, provide battery unit or the battery including overvoltage open circuit assembly at this,
This assembly provides the electrical connection between battery electrode and the respective battery terminal of battery so that electricity
Pond electric current can flow in normal working conditions between battery electrode and respective battery terminal, and
And be configured to interrupt this electrical connection when cell internal pressure reaches preset pressure threshold value, its
In, overvoltage open circuit assembly is included in cell internal pressure and reaches to be configured to during preset pressure threshold value
Deform and interrupt the pressure sensing surface of electrical connection；It is characterized in that, this pressure sensing surface
Weak including the default machinery being applicable to when overvoltage being detected realize electrical connection interruption deformation
District's pattern.Overvoltage open circuit assembly including this kind of mechanical weak area reaches pre-at cell internal pressure
If providing quick electrical open during level.
Preset the line of weakness that machinery weak area pattern can include being distributed on pressure sensing surface.
When reaching predetermined threshold value pressure, this line of weakness provides more sensitive and responds faster.
Pressure sensing surface may be configured to: electrical connection is interrupted deformation and initially occurred at mechanical thin
Weak district, machinery weak area, edge occur or occur around machinery weak area.This kind of mode is in deformation
Predictability is added during generation.
Machinery weak area pattern can include the line of weakness being engraved on pressure sensing surface.This weakness
Line provides a kind of pattern, and deformation can be along this pattern or face generation on this pattern.
Such as, line of weakness can be distributed in a radial manner.This radial distribution provides more effectively
Pressure sensing surface cross-direction shrinkage realize separate.
Can realize electrically connecting by the tight mechanical engagement of the current-carrying part of overvoltage open circuit assembly
Connecing, when pressure sensing surface deforms due to overvoltage, this current-carrying part departs from mechanical engagement.
The balance that this kind of mode is adapted for carrying out between low contact resistance and sharp separation, to reach threshold
Current interruption is realized during duty pressure.
Weak area is so arranged that when deforming due to inside battery overvoltage by weak area
Pressure sensing surface is around made to become fold, extrude or crush and reduce the effective of pressure sensing surface
Bottom area.The effectively minimizing of bottom area causes the separation between current-carrying part.This kind of mode
It is easy to when reaching threshold pressure quickly separate.
Mechanical engagement can be that the close mechanical of current-carrying part is encircled, crimps or linked closely.This carries
Supply simple and effective juncture.
The bond strength of mechanical engagement is suitable for: by conductive part under the conditions of normal battery operation
The contact resistance divided is limited under suitable preset value, and reaches default at cell internal pressure
The sharp separation of the current-carrying part engaged is allowed during threshold value.
Weak area makes pressure sensing surface subside or broken when being arranged in deformation, thus in inspection
Electrical connection is interrupted when measuring battery overvoltage.
Pressure sensing surface can be deformed into when battery overvoltage being detected be uneven, fold or
The state of partial crushing is to interrupt electrical connection.
The deformation on pressure sensing surface can be permanent, plasticity or stiff.
Battery unit can include the sealing metal tank with pressure-bearing wall, and this pressure-bearing wall is battery list
A part for unit's lead-out terminal, and pressure sensing surface can form of canister pressure-bearing wall
Point.
Overvoltage open circuit assembly can include the first current-carrying part, and this first current-carrying part and second is led
Electricity part tight mechanical engagement, this first current-carrying part includes pressure sensing surface, pressure sensing
The periphery on surface is closely encircled to form electric current by the second current-carrying part and connects.
First current-carrying part and the second current-carrying part can pass through friction, extruding, compression engagement,
Compensate joint or indented joint mechanically engages.
First current-carrying part can include hollow boss or hollow protruding member, this hollow boss or
Hollow protruding member extends into the groove limited by the second current-carrying part, this hollow boss or hollow
Protruding member mechanically engages along the inner circumferential of its outer circumferential side with the second current-carrying part defining groove
Mechanical interlocked to be formed.
The end surface of hollow protruding member can be pressure sensing plane.
First current-carrying part can include hollow plunger, and this hollow plunger puts in by the second conductive part
Dividing in the hole limited, the mechanical engagement between the first current-carrying part and the second current-carrying part is formed
Between the inner circumferential of hollow plunger outer circumferential side and the second current-carrying part.
This hollow plunger can be contractile maybe can subside to reduce its effective laterally face
Long-pending, when hollow plunger shrinks or subsides, the machinery that this plunger departs from the second current-carrying part connects
Close.
The pressure sensing surface of the first current-carrying part is suitably adapted for deformation, in order to increases and seals gold
The volume belonging to tank responds the cell internal pressure increase towards predetermined threshold value.This deformation is towards same
Individual direction, in order to interrupt mechanical engagement and electric current connects.
First current-carrying part can include the head stretched out from shoulder, and pressure sensing plane is formed at
On the end of head；And second current-carrying part can include there is inner circumferential and define the pad in hole
Circle；And first current-carrying part head and the inner circumferential of the second current-carrying part can close mechanical connect
Close, and can be provided with between the shoulder and the packing ring of the second current-carrying part of the first current-carrying part
Insulation spacer.
The head of the first conductive member can be set to laterally receive away from the periphery of the second current-carrying part
Contracting is to depart from mechanical engagement.
First current-carrying part can be permanently attached on battery terminal, and the second conductive part
Divide and be permanently attached on battery electrode.
First current-carrying part and the second current-carrying part can be separated by insulation spacer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By example with reference to accompanying drawing, will be described below the exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the partial sectional view of the charged lithium cells according to the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the exploded view of battery shown in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3,3A and 3B are the top view of battery shown in Fig. 1, upward view and Yan Ding respectively
The longitdinal cross-section diagram that the line A-A of cap portion intercepts,
Fig. 4 and 4A is top view and the longitudinal direction of the insulating washer of top cap part shown in Fig. 1 respectively
Sectional view,
Fig. 5 and 5A is top view and the longitudinal direction of the clamping back-up ring of top cap part shown in Fig. 1 respectively
Sectional view,
Fig. 6 is that shown in Fig. 1, the cutting of top cap part is saturating when being equipped with packing ring and clamping back-up ring
View,
Fig. 6 A is the front view of the biopsy cavity marker devices of top cap part shown in Fig. 6,
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C is to illustrate that safety guard is transitioned into the signal of collapsed mode from normal condition
Figure,
Fig. 8 is equipped with the biopsy cavity marker devices of the battery of current interruption assembly the second embodiment of the present invention
Perspective view, and
Fig. 9 is the decomposition view of battery shown in Fig. 8, and
Figure 10 A to 10C is to illustrate that shown in Fig. 8, battery is transitioned into collapsed mode from normal condition
Schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Exemplary charging lithium cells 100(is as in the charging shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 C
The exemplary embodiment of battery) include the electrode plate groups 110 that is contained in canister 112.Gold
Belonging to tank 112 to be made up of aluminium sheet or aluminium alloy, it includes and upper end 140 and bottom 160
The perisporium interconnected, and it is filled with nonaqueous electrolyte.This electrode plate groups includes by being dielectrically separated from
Positive plate 114 that sheet 118 separates and negative plate 116.Battery lead plate 114,116 and shaping piece
118 electrode plate groups that together form battery 100.The transition metal oxide of lithium is (such as,
LiCoO2And LiMnO4) it is used as the suitable material of negative electrode or positive electrode, and many carbonaceous
Compound (such as, coke and non-graphitized hard carbon) is used as the conjunction of anode or negative material
Suitable material.Electrolyte is nonaqueous electrolyte, including well-known to those skilled in the art such as
LiBF4Or LiPF6Salt and the mixture of solvent.
Electrode plate groups by around electrode plate groups longitudinal end wind and formed cylinder or
Web-like and insert battery container in close-fitting mode so that its cross section also follows metal
The inner cross sectional facial contour of tank.As Fig. 2 more specifically illustrates, positive plate 114 and negative plate
116 respective conductive electrode lug plates 120,122 are respectively from the upper end of the electrode plate groups of winding
Highlight with lower end, and be connected with the top ends 140 of battery unit and bottom 160 respectively with
Carry out external electrical contact.More specifically, the free end of cathode-chip wiring 120 is by being welded to connect
On the bottom surface of top ends 140, to be formed electrically between the positive plate and positive terminal of battery
Connect, and the free end of cathode wiring plate 122 is also by being welded to connect in battery floor end 160
Upper surface on, with between the negative plate and negative terminal of battery formed electrical connection.The end of at
After end 160 has been welded on perisporium lower limb, filling electrolyte in housing, then,
Sealing metal tank is carried out by top ends top ends 140 being welded or being crimped on perisporium.Good
Seal and ensure that the preservation that electrolyte is good in housing, so that it is guaranteed that the longer battery shelf-life
And working life.
Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 6, top ends 140 includes the safety guard (or safety helmet) coaxially assembled
142, insulating washer 144 and clamping back-up ring 146.Safety guard 142 includes towards battery lead plate axial
Extend and by shoulder 154 circumferentially around hollow highlight head 152.The periphery of shoulder is by limit
Edge 154 and the upstanding peripheral fence cincture around edge, and in the freedom away from head 152
End rightabout on axially extending.When top ends 140 is attached on metal can and has been formed
During whole cell canister, safety guard 142 also defines battery unit in battery operated period
The border, the top of gas interior.As a result, safety guard 142 outer surface (towards battery lead plate and
The surface of electrolyte) it is exposed in the gaseous environment of cell internal and directly by battery
Internal pressure.Including safety guard 142, insulating washer 144 and the assembly of clamping back-up ring 146
Show the embodiment of the overvoltage open circuit assembly that will be described in greater detail below.
Clamping back-up ring 146 is the rigid metal packing ring including collar portion 156, this collar portion 156
Define the centre bore 158 being suitable to couple with head 152 close mechanical.Clamping back-up ring centre bore
The cross sectional dimensions being dimensioned slightly smaller than head 152 so that head 152 is being pushed or is being pressed into
Time in clamping back-up ring, by being riveted on energy between clamping back-up ring 146 and safety guard head 152
Enough form close mechanical grip.Insulating washer 144 be fabricated by by rubber or duroplasts and
It is arranged between the shoulder 154 of safety guard 142 and the collar portion 156 of clamping back-up ring 146
Insulation spacer.In order to strengthen the mechanical engagement between head 152 and collar portion 156, thus
Contact reliability can be increased and reduce contact resistance, being internally formed radially in collar portion 156
Run through otch, i.e. being internally formed of positioned proximate central hole in collar portion 156 extends radially through otch.
It is distributed and radial slot is set so that being internally divided into of back-up ring 146 of clamping has and can independently move
The moiety of dynamic tooth, when head 152 pushes clamping back-up ring 146, can independently move
Tooth in the perisporium of independent " nipping " head.Generally, calculate or adjust clamping by rule of thumb
Mechanical engagement (or occlusion) intensity between the head 152 of back-up ring 146 and safety guard 142,
Make mechanical grip enough tight so that normal working internal pressure can be stood, and reach threshold value
When during pressure, head 152 laterally subsides, " nipping " degree of depth will not be excessive and hinder head 152
Separate with clamping back-up ring 146.
Safety guard 142 is by foil striking out inverted hat-shaped and by one piece
Foil is integral part of.The hollow of medicated cap, projection and and columnar head (or protruding)
It is axially projecting for use as pressure sensing member towards inside battery that portion is arranged to head, its outer surface
It it is pressure sensing surface.Additionally, hollow head also serves as actuation member with at cell internal pressure
Reach to make battery current disconnect when safety or preset level.In order to reach pre-at cell internal pressure
If making head 152 can be rapidly separated, such as Fig. 3-3A more specifically with clamping back-up ring during level
Illustrate, the head 152 of safety guard 142 defines the weak area of distribution, wherein, solid line
Represent the line of weakness formed on the inner surface of head 152, and dotted line represents at head 152
The upper line of weakness formed of outer surface (towards inside battery).Specifically, every radial direction is thin
Line of weakness all starts from head center and extends transversely through head and arrive shoulder 154
Edge.In this example, this radial direction line of weakness is alternately engraved in head with uniform 45 ° of angles
On the inner surface in portion 152 and outer surface.Alternatively distributed line of weakness is designed to: when reaching threshold value
During stress level, head 152 is made to be prone to around its center and along line of weakness folded deformation.More
Saying, head 152 will be due to threshold pressure by contraction laterally or radially body, thus,
Safety guard 142 and clamping back-up ring 146 electrical separation are to interrupt battery current.
As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 A, cathode-chip wiring 120 connects via cell top end portion 140
In battery positive terminal.More specifically, cathode-chip wiring 120 is connected to clamp back-up ring
On 146, and clamp back-up ring 146 further through mechanical engagement as above and safety guard 142 and
Positive terminal connects.Therefore, as long as cathode-chip wiring 120 is connected in battery positive terminal,
Normal battery current just will be kept to connect.On the other hand, when the safety guard 142 that overvoltage causes
During mechanical engagement between deformation failure clamping back-up ring 146 and safety guard 142, the electricity of battery
Stream connection will be disconnected, and wherein the deformation of safety guard will cause clamping back-up ring 146 and safety guard
Separate in the following manner.
The work of the current interruption assembly of this battery will be described with reference to Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C.Work as band
When the battery having the top ends 140 of assembling works under normal operating pressure, current interruption group
The state of part is state as Fig. 7 A.But, when the internal pressure of battery is such as owing to appointing
What overcharge of reason, overdischarge or overheated and when rising, act on safety guard 142 outer surface
On pressure also rise.When internal cell rises to predetermined threshold value, safety guard 142 will start
Deformation, and more specifically, or will deform about at the line of weakness of distribution.Such as figure
Shown in 7B and Fig. 7 C, owing to line of weakness is on the inner surface and outer surface of safety guard 142
It is arranged alternately, therefore when causing the pressure sensing sheet of safety guard 142 owing to internal pressure increases
During facial disfigurement, folding line and fold will be formed.Due to radial direction and alternatively distributed line of weakness, head
The part of the line of weakness on neighbouring head 152 outer surface of 152 end surfaces will be towards head 152
Line of weakness on inner surface folds, thus also towards the weakness on positive terminal upwardly inner surface
Line.When the pressure sensing surface of head 152 fully deforms, the cross-direction shrinkage of head 152 will
Be enough to discharge by the head 152 of clamping back-up ring 146 mechanical caging.As a result, release machinery is connect
Close and electrical connection, thus cause the disconnection of battery current.This 2200mAh is shown
Example lithium battery, threshold pressure is set to about 7-9bar.As a comparison, there is no weakness
In the case of district, the pressure needed for release mechanical engagement is more than 10bars.
Show the second embodiment of the charged lithium cells 200 of the present invention in figs. 8 and 9,
Wherein, identical, similar or equivalent elements is designated with the label with first embodiment equivalent elements
Represent plus 100.In this embodiment, top ends 240 is by insulator cap 288 and metal
Tank 212 insulate to be connected in battery positive terminal.Current interruption assembly (" CIA ")
Work is similar to the work of the first enforcement, and very clear referring to figures 10A to Figure 10 C.
In a word, when cell internal pressure rises to predetermined threshold value, the pressure of safety guard 142
Beginning in weak area or is stood folding line or folded deformation by sensing surface about, thus causes peace
The minimizing of the bottom area (footprint) in full capouch portion 152 so that with clamping back-up ring 146
Separate.In the embodiment above, including safety guard 142,242 and clamping back-up ring 146,246
Top ends 140,240 assembly be used for form current interruption assembly (" CIA "), this electricity
Stream open circuit assembly provides normal between battery positive terminal and positive pole when normal battery operation
Electric current access path, and be designed to brokenly when cell internal pressure rises to predetermined threshold value
Bad electric current access path.Generally, CIA includes that mechanical engagement is with between electrode and lead-out terminal
Form the first and second current-carrying parts that electric current connects.This mechanical engagement is suitable for making first and
Contact resistance between two current-carrying parts is the lowest to reduce heat dissipation capacity when rated operational current, and
And the intensity of mechanical engagement is arranged in during normal battery operation by normal internal pressure.
Although safety guard 142,242 and clamping back-up ring 146,246 are connected to battery-end
On son and battery lead plate, but it is to be understood that this connection can be contrary, such safety guard
142,242 and clamping back-up ring 146,246 be connected on battery lead plate and battery terminal.This
Outward, although safety guard 142,242 is connected in battery positive terminal, but safety guard is one
Can be connected on the negative terminal of battery in the case of as.
Although the form that weak area is the RADIAL being engraved on safety guard occurs, but should recognize
Knowledge is arrived, it is possible to use the mechanical weak area of other form, such as, and the recess of distribution or groove.
Although additionally, clamping back-up ring has smooth circular interior edge, but its internal edge is permissible
It is to have tooth or zigzag to strengthen firmer and resilient clamping.Equally, prominent head
The periphery in portion can be made to the internal edge with lock ring and supplement to obtain preferably clamping.This
Outward, although select 45 ° angle be spaced as the angle example between adjacent line of weakness, but
It is the angle that it should be understood that and can use other, although it is preferred that the angle of at least 45 °.
Additionally, although above example is lithium battery, it should be recognized that CIA design exists
Generally particularly can use on rechargeable battery on other type of battery.This
Outward, although be described above cylindrical battery, it should be recognized that the present invention can be applicable to
On the battery of other structure, such as, ellipse and prismatic battery.Furthermore, it is appreciated that
Even for charged lithium cells, it is possible to use those skilled in the art are known at any time, and other is suitable
Battery lead plate and electrolyte.
Reference numerals list
Claims (25)
1. a battery unit for overvoltage open circuit assembly, described assembly offer battery electrode and battery are provided
Electrical connection between respective battery terminal so that battery current in normal working conditions can be
Flow between described battery electrode and described respective battery terminal, and be provided in battery
Portion's pressure reaches to interrupt during preset pressure threshold value described electrical connection, wherein, described overvoltage open circuit
Assembly includes that being provided in cell internal pressure reaches to deform during preset pressure threshold value and interrupt
The safety guard of described electrical connection, described safety guard includes the appearance as pressure sensing surface
Face；It is characterized in that, described pressure sensing sheet face includes the mechanical weak area pattern preset, institute
State default machinery weak area pattern to include being distributed in a radial manner on described pressure sensing surface
Line of weakness, described line of weakness alternately sets on the inner surface and described outer surface of described safety guard
Put so that described safety guard described default machinery weak area pattern when overvoltage being detected
Formed on described pressure sensing surface folding line and fold work contraction distortion laterally or radially with
Interrupt described electrical connection.
Battery unit the most according to claim 1, wherein, described safety guard includes towards battery electrode
Plate axially extending and by shoulder circumferentially around hollow highlight head, described outer surface is exposed to
In the gaseous environment of cell internal and directly by the internal pressure of battery unit, at electricity
During the overvoltage of pond, described head radially or laterally shrinks so that described safety guard and metal clamp
Back-up ring mechanically and electrically separates to interrupt electrical connection and battery current.
Battery unit the most according to claim 1, wherein, described pressure sensing surface structure becomes:
Described electrical connection is interrupted deformation and is initially occurred at described machinery weak area, along described machinery weakness
District occurs or occurs around described machinery weak area.
4. according to the battery unit described in claim any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, described
Machinery weak area pattern includes the line of weakness being engraved on described pressure sensing surface.
Battery unit the most according to claim 4, wherein, when battery overvoltage, outside described
Line of weakness in the part inward faces of the described line of weakness on surface folds.
Battery unit the most according to claim 1, wherein, by leading of described overvoltage open circuit assembly
Electricity part tight mechanical engagement realize described electrical connection, when described pressure sensing surface due to
Overvoltage and when deforming, the mechanical engagement of described current-carrying part separates.
Battery unit the most according to claim 6, wherein, described weak area is arranged to: due to
Inside battery overvoltage and when deforming by make around weak area described pressure sensing surface crumple,
Extrude or crush the effective bottom area reducing described pressure sensing surface, effective bottom area
Minimizing cause the separation between described current-carrying part.
Battery unit the most according to claim 6, wherein, described mechanical engagement is described conductive part
The close mechanical divided is encircled, crimps or is linked closely.
Battery unit the most according to claim 6, wherein, the bond strength of described mechanical engagement is fitted
Together in；Under the conditions of normal battery operation, the contact resistance of described current-carrying part is limited in suitably
Preset value under, and when cell internal pressure reaches predetermined threshold value allow engage conductive part
The sharp separation divided.
10. according to claims 1 to 3, the battery unit described in claim any one of 6 to 9, its
In, described weak area makes described pressure sensing surface subside or broken when being arranged in deformation, from
And described electrical connection is interrupted when battery overvoltage being detected.
11. according to claims 1 to 3, the battery unit described in claim any one of 6 to 9, its
In, described pressure sensing surface be deformed into when battery overvoltage being detected be uneven, fold or
The state of partial crushing is to interrupt described electrical connection.
12. according to claims 1 to 3, the battery unit described in claim any one of 6 to 9, its
In, the deformation on described pressure sensing surface is permanent.
13. according to claims 1 to 3, the battery unit described in claim any one of 6 to 9, its
In, described battery unit includes the sealing metal tank with pressure-bearing wall, and described pressure-bearing wall is battery
A part for unit lead-out terminal, wherein, described pressure sensing surface forms described canister and holds
A part for pressure wall.
14. battery units according to claim 1, wherein, described overvoltage open circuit assembly includes first
Current-carrying part, described first current-carrying part and the second current-carrying part tight mechanical engagement, described
One current-carrying part includes pressure sensing surface, and the periphery on described pressure sensing surface is by described second
Current-carrying part is closely encircled to form described electric current and is connected.
15. battery units according to claim 14, wherein, described first current-carrying part and described
Second current-carrying part is mechanically engaged by friction, extruding, compression engagement or compensation joint.
16. battery units according to claim 14, wherein, during described first current-carrying part includes
Empty protruding or hollow protruding member, described hollow boss or hollow protruding member extend into by described
The groove that second current-carrying part limits, described hollow boss or hollow protruding member are along its outer circumferential side
Mechanical interlocked to be formed with the inner circumferential mechanical engagement of described second current-carrying part defining groove.
17. battery unit according to claim 16, wherein, the end of described hollow protruding member
Surface is described pressure sensing plane.
18. according to the battery unit described in claim any one of claim 14 to 17, wherein, and institute
State the first current-carrying part and include that hollow plunger, described hollow plunger put in by described second conductive part
Divide in the hole limited, the machinery between described first current-carrying part and described second current-carrying part
Joint is formed between the inner circumferential of described hollow plunger outer circumferential side and described second current-carrying part.
19. battery units according to claim 18, wherein, described hollow plunger is contractile
Maybe can subside to reduce its effective horizontal area, when described hollow plunger shrink or subside
Time, described plunger departs from the mechanical engagement with described second current-carrying part.
20. battery units according to claim 19, wherein, described battery unit includes having and holds
The sealing metal tank of pressure wall, the described pressure sensing surface of described first current-carrying part is suitable for becoming
Shape, in order to increase the volume of described sealing metal tank to respond cell internal pressure towards predetermined threshold value
Increase, described deformation is towards same direction, in order to interrupt described mechanical engagement and described
Electric current connects.
21. according to the battery unit described in claim any one of claim 14 to 17, wherein, and institute
Stating the head that the first current-carrying part includes stretching out from shoulder, described pressure sensing plane is formed at head
On the end in portion；And described second current-carrying part includes having inner circumferential and define the pad in hole
Circle；Wherein, the head of described first current-carrying part is tight with the inner circumferential of described second current-carrying part
Mechanical engagement, and at the shoulder of described first current-carrying part and the pad of described second current-carrying part
Insulation spacer it is provided with between circle.
22. battery units according to claim 21, wherein, the head of described first conductive member
It is remotely located from the periphery cross-direction shrinkage of described second current-carrying part to depart from described mechanical engagement.
23. according to the battery unit described in claim any one of claim 14 to 17, wherein, and institute
State the first current-carrying part to be permanently attached on battery terminal, and described second current-carrying part is forever
It is attached at for a long time on battery electrode.
24. according to the battery unit described in any claim in claim 14 to 17, wherein, described
First current-carrying part and described second current-carrying part are separated by insulation spacer.
25. 1 kinds of batteries, including multiple according to claims 1 to 3, any one of 6 to 9,14 to 17
Battery unit described in claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2010/052608 WO2011154777A1 (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2010-06-11 | Battery with over-pressure protection arrangement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103155211A CN103155211A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
| CN103155211B true CN103155211B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201080068364.3A Active CN103155211B (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2010-06-11 | Battery with over-pressure safety device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103155211B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011154777A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10741883B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-08-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Detecting abnormal condition(s) associated with flexible, pouch-type energy storage device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4943497A (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-07-24 | Sony Corporation | Cell having current cutoff valve |
| CN101232089A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2008-07-30 | 江苏伊思达电池有限公司 | Special protecting cap of lithium ion power cell |
| CN101262050A (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2008-09-10 | 方祺 | Explosion-proof cover cap for high-time discharging column lithium ion battery |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5532075A (en) * | 1994-07-06 | 1996-07-02 | Alexander Manufacturing Corporation | Small battery cell |
| CA2381376C (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2008-12-02 | E-One Moli Energy (Canada) Limited | Header for rechargeable lithium batteries |
| CN201311947Y (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-09-16 | 芜湖凯龙电子科技有限公司 | Novel explosion-proof protective cover cap for lithium battery |
-
2010
- 2010-06-11 WO PCT/IB2010/052608 patent/WO2011154777A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-06-11 CN CN201080068364.3A patent/CN103155211B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4943497A (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-07-24 | Sony Corporation | Cell having current cutoff valve |
| CN101232089A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2008-07-30 | 江苏伊思达电池有限公司 | Special protecting cap of lithium ion power cell |
| CN101262050A (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2008-09-10 | 方祺 | Explosion-proof cover cap for high-time discharging column lithium ion battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011154777A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
| CN103155211A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
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