CN103149690A - Three-dimensional (3D) head-mounted display - Google Patents
Three-dimensional (3D) head-mounted display Download PDFInfo
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- CN103149690A CN103149690A CN2013100670140A CN201310067014A CN103149690A CN 103149690 A CN103149690 A CN 103149690A CN 2013100670140 A CN2013100670140 A CN 2013100670140A CN 201310067014 A CN201310067014 A CN 201310067014A CN 103149690 A CN103149690 A CN 103149690A
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional (3D) head-mounted display. The 3D head-mounted display comprises an image displaying component, an optical imaging system, an optical adjustment component, an audio transmission component, a camera module, a control module and an eyeglass type casing. The 3D head-mounted display is characterized in that the control module is respectively connected with the image displaying system, the audio transmission component and the camera module; the optical adjustment component is connected with the optical imaging system; the relative position of optical glasses of the optical imaging system can be adjusted through the optical adjustment component; and the camera module is connected with the image displaying component through wired connection. The 3D head-mounted display can be suitable for human engineering to a maximum measure, can protect the eyes from being fatigued, and can be used for displaying 3D stereoscopic video and common 2D video and be suitable for more people; and through the switchable performance of the camera module, the 3D head-mounted display is more humanized, and can prevent users from feeling panic caused by confining for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the engineering optics field, be specifically related to a kind of 3D head-mounted display, be specially the head mounted display that to play the 3D three-dimensional video-frequency.
Background technology
Present display technique reaches its maturity, and micro-display can be done very littlely, and large display can be done very gently, and bore hole 3D technology is also more and more ripe.Yet wish concentrates these several advantages but to be difficult to, and namely requires to experience the 3D effect of giant-screen with portable display device.There has been in the market the part head-mounted display to sell, but had a lot of technical deficiencies.Head-mounted display in the market is large not, the virtual display curtain is very little, virtual display effect exists aberration, distortion iseikonia Geological Problems, system's inconvenience is adjusted diopter and interpupillary distance for different human eyes, 3D stereo display effect is not true to nature etc., these are all also the difficult points of prior art, and these technical combinations are together extremely difficult especially.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 3D head-mounted display, before two width are presented at human eye through the picture of special processings by image display module and optical imagery assembly, after making the two width image co-registration that people two arrives soon, form a width stereo-picture in brain.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of 3D head-mounted display comprises image display module, optical imaging system, optics adjusting part, audio transmission assembly, camera module, control module, spectacle shell.
The location interval of image display module and optical imaging system makes relative position fix by strict optics adjustment, image display module and optical imaging system are positioned at the spectacle enclosure, optical imaging system is towards wearer's eyes, and the optics adjusting part is positioned near on the mirror holder of the bridge of the nose; Camera module is arranged on the front panel center of spectacle shell; The audio transmission assembly picks out by wired connection from the spectacle shell, and the length of line enough makes the rear binary channels stereophone that puts on one's glasses can fill in people's ear.Control module is placed on the spectacle shell.
Control module is connected with image display system, audio transmission assembly, camera module respectively, and connected mode is wired or wireless; Picture signal is sent by control module, and by wired or be wirelessly transmitted to the image display module, the image that the image display module shows is by the optical imaging system imaging, and final imaging light penetrates from the spectacle shell; The optics adjusting part is connected with optical imaging system, can regulate by regulating the optics adjusting part relative position of the optical mirror slip of optical imaging system; Camera module is connected with the image display module by wired connection.
Open control module, picture signal is sent to the image display module by control module, and sound signal is sent to the audio transmission assembly; The image that the image display module shows is by the optical imaging system imaging, imaging light penetrates from the spectacle shell, regulates the optics adjusting part, makes on the retina that is presented on the user of clear picture, the sound signal that the user receives is synchronizeed with picture signal, obtains complete vision signal; Perhaps open control module, picture signal is sent to the image display module by camera module, and sound signal is sent to the audio transmission assembly; The image that the image display module shows is by the optical imaging system imaging, imaging light penetrates from the spectacle shell, regulate the optics adjusting part, make on the retina that is presented on the user of clear picture, the sound signal that the user receives is synchronizeed with picture signal, and the user can obtain complete camera real-time photography signal.
Described image display module is comprised of liquid crystal display and floor light LED, and liquid crystal display can be the micro-displays such as LCD, OLED, LCOS, and wherein the catercorner length of liquid crystal display is below 1 inch.Floor light LED is shaped as the leaded light template, and size and display are quite or be slightly larger than display.The light guide plate that floor light LED adopts light intensity to regulate, floor light LED can send the white light that is combined by red, green, blue standard three primary colours coupling, also can how much make its composition that can regulate three kinds of primary colours by controlling floor light LED, send the light of different colours.
Optical imaging system comprises two optical imagery assemblies, the display imaging of respectively left eye and right eye being watched.The optical axis of optical imaging system can not be parallel, two optical axises have an angle a, the size of angle a will satisfy human eye when setting when watching display, the virtual enlarging screen that left eye and right eye obtain can overlap fully, two of the passive fusions of less human brain of measuring with this maximum receive sense tired out and the spinning sensation that image was brought, this angle a must and detect through perfect instruction, and the size of final angle a is controlled at 0.55 degree～0.60 degree.
Described optical imagery assembly is the lens combination of two-piece type, and first is the lens of etching binary optical face on aspheric surface, and second is non-spherical lens.The chief ray of the optical axis of lens combination is the light from the face central vertical ejaculation of image display module.The emergent pupil size of optical imagery assembly is 8mm, and field angle is 45 degree.Be the mitigation system quality, material of the present invention is PMMA, design as an alternative, and the free curved surface prism that can reach all right useful monolithic of method of this purpose replaces lens combination.
The binary optical face diffraction parameter of etching binary optical face lens is as follows, and the normalization radius is 1, the Rotational Symmetry diffraction surfaces the PHASE DISTRIBUTION function adopt front four:
Wherein r is normalized radius, and A is binary optical face coefficient, A
1Determine the focal power of diffraction surfaces, aberration that can corrective system, the senior aberration of the aspheric surface item corrective system of back.The etching number of steps is 8 o'clock, and diffraction efficiency is higher than 95%.
2πk＝A
1r
2+A
2r
4+A
3r
6+A
4r
8 (2)
Wherein k is the endless belt number.Binary optical face coefficient A in design
1=-20.784872, A
2=0.083603, A
3=-1.142423e
-3, A
4=4.828025e
-6, the maximum normalization radius of diffraction surfaces is r
0=11.637, be the real radius of diffraction surfaces and the ratio of ZEMAX normalization radius.Therefore maximum diffraction endless belt adds up to:
The etching number of steps is 8 o'clock, and the degree of depth of each step is:
Wherein n is the refractive index of base material, i.e. the refractive index of PMMA; λ
dBe the incident light wavelength, the equivalent focal length of binary optical face is f
d=-1/2A
1, minimum feature size is 2 λ
d(f/#)=1.2134.
Described optics adjusting part comprises the diopter adjusting and interpupillary distance is regulated.Diopter is regulated by the position between fine setting image display module and optical imagery assembly, can reach the diopter compensation of coupling human eye+5 degree～-5 degree.
Interpupillary distance is regulated the size of controlling interpupillary distance by fine setting two of left and right optical imagery assembly and the distance of the module of image display module composition, the interpupillary distance range of adjustment at the 60mm that satisfies ordinary people's interpupillary distance between 70mm.
Described audio transmission assembly is the binary channels stereophone, and two earphones all are connected in fuselage.
Described camera module is the camera of two same sizes.It is placed in respectively the dead ahead of 3D head-mounted display, and after the user put on the 3D head-mounted display, it is consistent that the optical axis direction of camera shooting and human eye are at this moment looked squarely the axis oculi direction normally, and the distance between axles of camera is identical with the distance between axles of optical imaging system.
Described camera is connected with display in image display, and display can be used as the real-time display device of camera.For improving the shooting performance, camera can be the self-focusing camera.
Described control module is commercial, comprises power supply, external unit connector, lcd drive controller, and to outside equipment connector, lcd drive controller power supply, the external unit connector is connected with lcd drive controller power supply respectively.The external unit connector is with storage inside.
The connected mode of described control module and 3D head-mounted display is the USB wired connection.Also can make following change accordingly, change the wired connection mode into wireless connections, comprise infrared, bluetooth, wifi etc.
Described power supply can be given liquid crystal display and auxiliary LED light source power supply, the lithium battery of power supply for repeating to discharge and recharge.
Described external unit connector (storage inside is perhaps arranged) the 3D head-mounted display can be connected to computer, mobile phone etc. can the equipment of outputting video signal on, including but not limited to DVI, HDMI, VGA, RGB etc., perhaps can play audio frequency, video file in self storing.
Described lcd drive controller is that binary channels drives simultaneously, driver can therefrom section be separately with the polarization 3D film of present main flow (left and right form, up and down form), two displays respectively show one group of treated video, and make two groups of videos play simultaneously.The intensity of the three primary colours that this lcd drive controller can regulating and controlling floor light LED in addition makes two displays show that one red one is blue or one red one greenly wait combination, can watch the 3D film of optical filtering principle making with this.
Described lcd drive controller can show external unit or show in real time camera shooting content by switching liquid crystal display.
Described spectacle shell can be packed up two mirror legs, makes this head-mounted display more portable.All systems all are integrated in the glasses shell, and the light path of camera and imaging system communicates with the external world, and diopter adjusting knob and pupil spacing adjusting knob can externally directly be regulated.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage:
1, before the present invention can be presented at human eye through the picture of special processings by image display module and optical imagery assembly with two width, after making the two width image co-registration that people two arrives soon, form a width stereo-picture in brain.2, the adaptation ergonomics measured of maximum of the present invention, can regulate diopter and interpupillary distance for the different users, guarantees that eyes are not tired.3, the present invention also can be used for playing the 3D three-dimensional video-frequency of different-format.Control module drives control chart and makes it adapt to the three-dimensional film source of different 3D as display module.4, image display module volume of the present invention is little, more portable.5, optical imagery assembly property of the present invention is superior, watches screen more greatly, and picture element is better, and effect is more true to nature.6, the present invention has camera module, can switch to the real-time photography signal, and hommization more prevents the long-time confinement of user and the sense that raises fear.7, Multifunctional control module integrated power supply of the present invention, 3D broadcast and form switching, camera switching, video adjusting etc. and one, make user's actual wear weight greatly alleviate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 3D head-mounted display of the present invention front view.
Fig. 2 3D head-mounted display of the present invention rear view.
Fig. 3 3D head-mounted display of the present invention system architecture schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 3D head-mounted display of the present invention displaying principle schematic diagram.
Each assembly annexation of Fig. 5 3D head-mounted display of the present invention figure.
Each parts annexation of Fig. 6 3D head-mounted display of the present invention control module figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Control module can be connected with the 3D head-mounted display by USB2.0 or USB3.0, perhaps be connected with the 3D head-mounted display by a wireless transport module, wireless module can be infrared, bluetooth, wifi etc., for example selects the wireless wifi module of MW269 of Huawei Company.Open head-mounted display, the image display module of head-mounted display is chosen as reads video mode, begin to read the video information in RAM (random access memory) card in control module.Video can be common two-dimensional video.What this moment, two liquid crystal display showed is the same painting face, and what the beholder experienced is also the video of two dimension.When film source is 3D form film, can pass through adjustment control, what the driving liquid crystal made two liquid crystal display demonstrations is on the same group but different picture that human brain is three-dimensional video-frequency after automatically merging two width pictures.Can select to play left and right form, up and down form, red indigo plant, the red film of main flow form at present such as green by controller.The beholder puts on earphone, just can enjoy the degree of depth feeling of immersion in cinema.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, camera module comprises left camera 401 and right camera 402, and their center distance is 80mm; The image display module is comprised of floor light LED101 and liquid crystal display 102, the optical imagery assembly is included in lens 201 and the non-spherical lens 202 of etching binary optical face on aspheric surface, and the chief ray of the optical axis of lens combination is the light from the face central vertical ejaculation of image display module.The emergent pupil size of optical imagery assembly is 8mm, and field angle is 45 degree; The optics adjusting part comprises left eye diopter adjusting knob 301, right eye diopter adjusting knob 303 and pupil spacing adjusting knob 302, and the audio transmission assembly comprises L channel stereophone 501 and R channel stereophone 502.On the aspheric surface of liquid crystal display 102 and optical imagery assembly, the lens 201 of etching binary optical face and non-spherical lens 202 make the optical axis coincidence of the lens 201 of etching binary optical face on the aspheric surface of optical imagery assembly and non-spherical lens 202 and perpendicular to liquid crystal display 102 and cross the center of liquid crystal display 102 by strict optics adjustment.Usual method of the present invention is worn as normal glasses.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, further illustrate displaying principle of the present invention below with reference to the displaying principle schematic diagram, take left road as example, another road displaying principle is identical.After the 3D head-mounted display was opened, floor light LED101 and liquid crystal display 102 were lighted simultaneously, and the pixel of display outwards penetrates as numerous electric light source the light of dispersing; In the imaging system of liquid crystal display 102 and optical imagery assembly composition, the edge of liquid crystal display 102 has served as field stop, and on the aspheric surface in the optical imagery assembly, the edge of the lens 201 of etching binary optical face has served as aperture diaphragm herein.The light that penetrates from non-spherical lens 202 converges in non-spherical lens 202 the place ahead 20mm with a larger angle, herein the also position at human eye pupil place just.Can regulate pupil spacing adjusting knob 302 during use, make the optical axis center of the right and left all in human eye pupil center; Can regulate simultaneously left eye diopter adjusting knob 301 and just not proofread and correct the diopter that brings due to long sight or myopia, without wearing spectacles, can enjoy equally the display frame of high-resolution.At this moment, liquid crystal display 102 imaging in human eye is a virtual image 103 of amplifying, and it is 3.8m apart from the human eye distance, virtual screen from the distance of human eye within the general receptible scope of human eye.On aspheric surface in the optical imagery assembly, the composite design parameter of the lens 201 of etching binary optical face and non-spherical lens 202 is particularly important, the basis that is that display can be accomplished closely, large scale, high resolving power, little amount of distortion, little aberration, microimage are poor herein etc.
The image display module of 3D head-mounted display is chosen as the external unit pattern that reads, and namely begins to read the video information in external unit, and can serve as the external-connection displayer of external unit this moment.Video can be common two-dimensional video.What the liquid crystal display 102 of right and left eyes showed at this moment is the same painting face, and what the beholder experienced is also the video of two dimension.When film source is 3D form film, can be by regulating control module, what driving liquid crystal display 102 made their demonstrations is on the same group but different picture that human brain is three-dimensional video-frequency after automatically merging two width pictures.
The image display module of 3D head-mounted display is chosen as the camera pattern that reads, begin to read the video information of camera module Real-time Collection, what this moment, human eye was seen is at the moment real-time information, also can watch film to switch to this pattern midway, facilitate the beholder to link up with extraneous, avoid being kept in detention for a long time the sense that raises fear.
The binary optical face diffraction parameter of etching binary optical face lens is as follows, and the normalization radius is 1, the Rotational Symmetry diffraction surfaces the PHASE DISTRIBUTION function adopt front four:
Wherein r is normalized radius, A
1Determine the focal power of diffraction surfaces, aberration that can corrective system, the senior aberration of the aspheric surface item corrective system of back.The etching number of steps is 8 o'clock, and diffraction efficiency is higher than 95%.
2πk＝A
1r
2+A
2r
4+A
3r
6+A
4r
8 (2)
Wherein k is the endless belt number.Binary optical face coefficient A in design
1=-20.784872, A
2=0.083603, A
3=-1.142423e
-3, A
4=4.828025e
-6, the maximum normalization radius of diffraction surfaces is r
0=11.637, be the real radius of diffraction surfaces and the ratio of ZEMAX normalization radius.Therefore maximum diffraction endless belt adds up to:
The etching number of steps is 8 o'clock, and the degree of depth of each step is:
Wherein n is the refractive index of base material, i.e. the refractive index of PMMA.The equivalent focal length of binary optical face is f
d=-1/2A
1, minimum feature size is 2 λ
d(f/#)=1.2134.
Wherein n is the refractive index of base material.The equivalent focal length of binary optical face is f
d=-1/2A1, minimum feature size is 2 λ
d(f/#).
The basal plane of etching adopts even aspheric surface face type, basic parameter such as table 1,
Table 1 aspheric surface face shape parameter
| Parameter name | |
Even aspheric surface 5 |
| Radius-of-curvature (mm) | 10.80 | 185.35 |
| Whose conic coefficient | -0.56203 | -19006.31 |
| Quadratic term | -7.552441 * 10 -3 | 0.064580 |
| Four items | -8.518236 * 10 -6 | -2.132184 * 10 -5 |
| Six items | -5.395458 * 10 -7 | -6.180189 * 10 -6 |
Claims (8)
1. 3D head-mounted display, comprise image display module, optical imaging system, optics adjusting part, audio transmission assembly, camera module, control module, spectacle shell, it is characterized in that: control module is connected with image display system, audio transmission assembly, camera module respectively, and connected mode is wired or wireless; Picture signal is sent by control module, and by wired or be wirelessly transmitted to the image display module, the image that the image display module shows is by the optical imaging system imaging, and final imaging light penetrates from the spectacle shell; The optics adjusting part is connected with optical imaging system, can regulate by regulating the optics adjusting part relative position of the optical mirror slip of optical imaging system; Camera module is connected with the image display module by wired connection;
Open control module, picture signal is sent to the image display module by control module, and sound signal is sent to the audio transmission assembly; The image that the image display module shows is by the optical imaging system imaging, imaging light penetrates from the spectacle shell, regulates the optics adjusting part, makes on the retina that is presented on the user of clear picture, the sound signal that the user receives is synchronizeed with picture signal, obtains complete vision signal; Perhaps open control module, picture signal is sent to the image display module by camera module, and sound signal is sent to the audio transmission assembly; The image that the image display module shows is by the optical imaging system imaging, imaging light penetrates from the spectacle shell, regulate the optics adjusting part, make on the retina that is presented on the user of clear picture, the sound signal that the user receives is synchronizeed with picture signal, and the user can obtain complete camera real-time photography signal.
2. a kind of 3D head-mounted display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described image display module is comprised of liquid crystal display and floor light LED, liquid crystal display can be the micro-displays such as LCD, OLED, LCOS, and wherein the catercorner length of liquid crystal display is below 1 inch; Floor light LED is shaped as the leaded light template, and size and display are quite or be slightly larger than display; The light guide plate that floor light LED adopts light intensity to regulate, floor light LED can send the white light that is combined by red, green, blue standard three primary colours coupling, also can how much make its composition that can regulate three kinds of primary colours by controlling floor light LED, send the light of different colours.
3. a kind of 3D head-mounted display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: optical imaging system comprises two optical imagery assemblies, the display imaging of respectively left eye and right eye being watched; The optical axis of optical imaging system can not be parallel, and two optical axises have an angle a, and the size of angle a is controlled at 0.55 degree ~ 0.60 degree; Above-mentioned optical imagery assembly is the lens combination of two-piece type, and first is the lens of etching binary optical face on aspheric surface, and second is non-spherical lens; The chief ray of the optical axis of lens combination is the light from the face central vertical ejaculation of image display module; The emergent pupil size of optical imagery assembly is 8mm, and field angle is 45 degree; Be the mitigation system quality, material of the present invention is PMMA, design as an alternative, and the free curved surface prism that can reach all right useful monolithic of method of this purpose replaces lens combination.
4. a kind of 3D head-mounted display according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the etching number of steps of optimum etching binary optical face lens is 8, the diffraction endless belt adds up to 397, the degree of depth of each step is 149.44nm.
5. a kind of 3D head-mounted display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described optics adjusting part comprises the diopter adjusting and interpupillary distance is regulated, diopter is regulated by the position between fine setting image display module and optical imagery assembly, can reach the diopter compensation of coupling human eye+5 degree ~-5 degree; Interpupillary distance is regulated the size of controlling interpupillary distance by fine setting two of left and right optical imagery assembly and the distance of the module of image display module composition, the interpupillary distance range of adjustment at the 60mm that satisfies ordinary people's interpupillary distance between 70mm.
6. a kind of 3D head-mounted display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described audio transmission assembly is the binary channels stereophone, two earphones all are connected in fuselage.
7. a kind of 3D head-mounted display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described camera module is the camera of two same sizes, it is placed in respectively the dead ahead of 3D head-mounted display, it is consistent that the optical axis direction of picture head shooting and human eye are at this moment looked squarely the axis oculi direction normally, and the distance between axles of camera is identical with the distance between axles of optical imaging system.
8. a kind of 3D head-mounted display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control module comprises power supply, external unit connector, lcd drive controller, to outside equipment connector, lcd drive controller power supply, the external unit connector is connected with lcd drive controller power supply respectively; The external unit connector is with storage inside; The connected mode of control module and 3D head-mounted display is the USB wired connection, also can make following change accordingly, changes the wired connection mode into wireless connections, comprise infrared, bluetooth or
Wifi
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