CN103147918A - Control method and control device for vertical-axis wind generating set - Google Patents
Control method and control device for vertical-axis wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN103147918A CN103147918A CN2013100662746A CN201310066274A CN103147918A CN 103147918 A CN103147918 A CN 103147918A CN 2013100662746 A CN2013100662746 A CN 2013100662746A CN 201310066274 A CN201310066274 A CN 201310066274A CN 103147918 A CN103147918 A CN 103147918A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a control method and a control device for a vertical-axis wind generating set, which are used for realizing power control to the vertical-axis wind generating set, and have strong practicability and universality. The control method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: acquiring the wind speed of ambient environment of the vertical-axis wind generating set and a wind wheel rotating speed of the vertical-axis wind generating set; judging whether the wind speed is greater than the rated wind speed or not, and if the wind speed is less than the rated wind speed, calculating the first tip speed ratio via the wind speed, the wind wheel rotating speed and the wind wheel rotating radius; performing modification according to the comparison between the optimal tip speed ratio and the first tip speed ratio, so as to obtain the second tip speed ratio; calculating the rotor power coefficient via the second tip speed ratio; calculating the mechanical power generated by the vertical-axis wind generating set according to the rotor power coefficient, the rotor swept area, the wind speed and the air density of the ambient environment of the vertical-axis wind generating set; and issuing the mechanical power to a converter, and controlling the electromagnetic torque of a synchronous generator through the converter, so as to adjust the rotating speed of the synchronous generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind-power electricity generation control technique field, relate in particular to a kind of controlling method and device of vertical axis aerogenerator group.
Background technique
The vertical axis aerogenerator group is compared with the horizontal axis wind-driven generator group, and advanced with its design method, wind energy utilization is high, starts wind speed low, does not substantially produce the advantages such as noise, again is familiar with by people gradually and payes attention to, and has market application foreground widely.Also not yet ripe to vertical axis aerogenerator group Development Techniques at present, usually mainly concentrate on the structure of development vertical axis aerogenerator group, but at present also less to the development of the control technique of vertical axis aerogenerator group.
Next introduce in prior art a kind of controlling method to the vertical axis aerogenerator group.This controlling method is in order to realize the maximum power control of wind power generating set.the method of existing control vertical axis aerogenerator group Maximum Power Output is generally the rotation speed n that provides according to wind power generating set complete system plant and the corresponding relation plotted curve of power p or wind speed v and power p, be made into form after discretization, numerical value n with discretization, v, p deposits in the storage of control gear for tabling look-up, the rotation speed of fan that collects according to control gear or the signal value of wind speed, by the form of making is inquired about, draw thus the rotation speed of fan or the corresponding performance number of wind speed that collect, to be handed down to current transformer as the performance number of setting by the performance number that enquiry form obtains, control the electromagnetic torque of generator by current transformer, adjust the rotating speed of generator, the variation that makes generating unit speed follow wind speed changes, keep substantially invariable optimum tip-speed ratio, power coefficient is maximum, thereby Maximum Power Output when realizing the operation of blower fan group.
The present inventor finds in realizing the process of controlling method of the present invention, there is following technological deficiency at least in existing controlling method: obtain concrete numerical value after the data n in the corresponding relation plotted curve that wind power generating set complete system plant is provided, v, p discretization, this need to set up Multidimensional numerical and storage, therefore the data volume that produces is very large, and obtaining by enquiry form the value and power reference that performance number corresponding under a certain rotating speed or wind speed is not maximum yet, practicability is not strong; For the different type of machines of wind power generating set, rotating speed is also different from the corresponding relation curve of power or wind speed and power, still needs again to the Multidimensional numerical assignment, and is therefore existing controlling method can not realize the general of institute's organic type, compatible relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of controlling method and device of vertical axis aerogenerator group, is used for realization the power of vertical axis aerogenerator group is controlled, and practicability and versatility are very strong.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present invention provides following technological scheme:
First aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of controlling method of vertical axis aerogenerator group, comprising:
Obtain the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of described vertical axis aerogenerator group;
Whether judge described wind speed greater than rated wind speed, if described wind speed less than described rated wind speed, calculates the first tip speed ratio according to described wind speed, described wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius;
According to optimum tip-speed ratio, described the first tip speed ratio is revised, obtained the second tip speed ratio;
Calculate power coefficient according to described the second tip speed ratio;
Calculate according to the air density of described power coefficient, swept area of rotor, described wind speed and described vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces;
Issue described mechanical output to current transformer, control the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator by described current transformer, adjust the synchronous generator rotating speed.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of control gear of vertical axis aerogenerator group, comprising:
Data acquisition unit is used for obtaining the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of described vertical axis aerogenerator group;
Judging unit is used for judging that whether described wind speed is greater than rated wind speed;
The first computing unit is used for when described wind speed during less than described rated wind speed, according to described wind speed, described wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius calculating the first tip speed ratio;
Amending unit is used for according to optimum tip-speed ratio, described the first tip speed ratio being revised, and obtains the second tip speed ratio;
The second computing unit is used for calculating power coefficient according to described the second tip speed ratio and with the power coefficient relation;
The 3rd computing unit is used for calculating according to the air density of described power coefficient, swept area of rotor and described vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces;
Transmitting element is used for issuing described mechanical output to current transformer, controls the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator by described current transformer, adjusts the synchronous generator rotating speed.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:
in embodiment provided by the invention, at first obtain the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of vertical axis aerogenerator group, in the situation that wind speed is less than rated wind speed, calculate the first tip speed ratio, according to the optimum tip-speed ratio that presets, the first tip speed ratio is revised, obtain the second tip speed ratio, then calculate power coefficient by the second tip speed ratio, at last according to power coefficient, swept area of rotor, the air density of wind speed and vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in calculates the mechanical output value that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces, issue this mechanical output to current transformer, need to revise according to optimum tip-speed ratio after calculating the first tip speed ratio, what use when calculating power coefficient is result the second tip speed ratio of revising, therefore what the mechanical output that calculates according to this correction result can guarantee the output of vertical axis aerogenerator group is peak output, current transformer is according to the mechanical output that issues, control the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator, adjust the synchronous generator rotating speed, can realize that the vertical axis aerogenerator group operates under the optimal power pattern, absorbing transformation of energy to greatest extent from wind is electric energy, practicability is very strong, and do not need the power that wind power generating set complete system plant provides is carried out storing after discretization, therefore be applicable to the different types of machines of wind power generating set, realized the power of vertical axis aerogenerator group is controlled, versatility is very strong, and is compatible fine.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technological scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, during the below will describe embodiment, the accompanying drawing of required use is done to introduce simply, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, to those skilled in the art, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The process blocks schematic diagram of the controlling method of the vertical axis aerogenerator group that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The control principle block diagram of the tip speed ratio that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The theory diagram that Fig. 3 controls for the safe speed of rotation that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
The tip speed ratio that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the corresponding relation plotted curve of power coefficient;
The best wind speed that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the corresponding relation plotted curve of mechanical output;
The control flow schematic diagram of the vertical axis aerogenerator group that Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b provide for the embodiment of the present invention;
The composition structural representation of the control gear of the vertical axis aerogenerator group that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of controlling method and device of vertical axis aerogenerator group, is used for realization the power of vertical axis aerogenerator group is controlled, and practicability and versatility are very strong.
For make goal of the invention of the present invention, feature, advantage can be more obvious and understandable, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technological scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, the embodiments described below are only the present invention's part embodiments, but not whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art obtains belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The controlling method of a kind of vertical axis aerogenerator group that the embodiment of the present invention provides as shown in Figure 1, specifically can comprise the steps:
101, obtain the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of vertical axis aerogenerator group.
In embodiments of the present invention, the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in is gathered, the wind speed round of vertical axis aerogenerator group is gathered.The data capture of wind speed and wind speed round can be the real-time wind speed round of real-time wind speed, can be also mean wind velocity and the average wind speed round that calculates in the certain hour section, and for example the time period can be chosen as in 30s or in 10min.The data capture of wind speed and wind speed round provides real time data for the operation of controlling the vertical axis aerogenerator group.
102, whether judge wind speed greater than rated wind speed, if wind speed less than rated wind speed, calculates the first tip speed ratio according to wind speed, wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius.
In embodiments of the present invention, after collecting wind speed and wind speed round, numerical values recited to wind speed judges, during less than this condition of numerical value of rated wind speed, calculates first tip speed ratio according to wind speed, wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius when the numerical value that satisfies wind speed.
Specifically multiple implementation can be adopted when calculating the first tip speed ratio, for example, the first tip speed ratio can be calculated in the following way:
And for example, can at first calculate wind wheel angular velocity of rotation ω according to recording anemometer,
Wherein n is wind speed round, then calculates in the following way the first tip speed ratio:
Need to prove in addition, rated wind speed is the vertical axis aerogenerator group air speed value that arranges big or small according to the value of wind-force full-load power, in the embodiment of the present invention, wind speed and the rated wind speed that collects carried out numeric ratio, take respectively different power control mode (be respectively optimum tip-speed ratio control mode and safe speed of rotation control mode, will provide detailed description in subsequent step) according to wind speed and the numerical relation of rated wind speed.
Need to prove, in embodiments of the present invention, step 102 can also comprise the steps: before carrying out
Whether judge the synchronous generator rotating speed greater than the setting rotating speed, if, issue synchronous startup command to current transformer and carry out synchronous the startup, issue field current to excitation device simultaneously.
103, according to optimum tip-speed ratio, the first tip speed ratio is revised, obtained the second tip speed ratio.
In embodiments of the present invention, after calculating the first tip speed ratio, need to revise the first tip speed ratio according to optimum tip-speed ratio, for the ease of the description in the embodiment of the present invention, will be to revised the second tip speed ratio of called after as a result of the first tip speed ratio, wherein, the first tip speed ratio is the tip speed ratio that calculates according to the wind speed that collects and wind speed round, also can be described as under the present situation the actual tip speed ratio that directly calculates according to wind speed and wind speed round.
Need to prove, in an embodiment of the present invention, the size of optimum tip-speed ratio to be the vertical axis aerogenerator group carry out arranging after simulation calculation according to the self performance parameter tip speed ratio institute value, when wind power generating set operates under the optimum tip-speed ratio pattern, the unit Maximum Power Output is the highest to the utilization ratio of wind energy.
In embodiments of the present invention, according to optimum tip-speed ratio, the first tip speed ratio is revised, realize that the value of the first tip speed ratio constantly follows the tracks of optimum tip-speed ratio, the tip speed ratio of vertical axis aerogenerator group is remained near the value place of optimum tip-speed ratio, when wind speed changes, realized for any wind speed less than rated wind speed, the vertical axis aerogenerator group is maximum to the utilization ratio of wind energy.
Embodiment of the present invention step 103 specifically can comprise: calculate in the following way tip speed ratio difference d, d=λ
m-λ ', wherein, λ ' is the first tip speed ratio, λ
mBe optimum tip-speed ratio;
Keep the optimum tip-speed ratio value constant, reduce described tip speed ratio difference, obtain the second tip speed ratio.
By the first tip speed ratio λ ' and given optimum tip-speed ratio λ
mMake it poor, the gained difference is defined as the tip speed ratio difference, input value as PID control, by pid control algorithm, realize the correction to the first tip speed ratio, the result of revising i.e. the second tip speed ratio can constantly be followed the tracks of optimum tip-speed ratio, the tip speed ratio of vertical axis aerogenerator group is remained near the value place of optimum tip-speed ratio, when wind speed changes, realized any wind speed less than rated wind speed, the vertical axis aerogenerator group is maximum to the utilization ratio of wind energy.
in order to describe the correction to the first tip speed ratio in detail, see also as shown in Figure 2, control principle block diagram for tip speed ratio, in Fig. 2, collect the measuring wind speed value from the environment of living in of vertical axis aerogenerator group, collect the wind speed round measured value from the vertical axis aerogenerator group, then calculate the first tip speed ratio, according to optimum tip-speed ratio, the first tip speed ratio is revised, obtained the second tip speed ratio, calculated mechanical output according to the second tip speed ratio and with the power coefficient relation, then be handed down to current transformer, this detailed process sees also the specific descriptions of aftermentioned step.Because the first tip speed ratio is to revise according to optimum tip-speed ratio, can think the optimum tip-speed ratio control mode in such cases.
in the embodiment of the present invention, at wind speed during greater than rated wind speed, use optimum tip-speed ratio to control if continue higher than rated wind speed the time, the vertical axis aerogenerator group will be born the mechanical output input over full-load power, therefore the vertical axis aerogenerator group need avoid operating in the optimum tip-speed ratio pattern, enter the safe speed of rotation control mode, make output power and load unlikely excessive, only need to carry out rotating speed this moment controls, as shown in Figure 3, theory diagram for safe speed of rotation control, implementing speed closed loop PID according to the safe speed of rotation setting value of vertical axis aerogenerator group controls, guarantee that the vertical axis aerogenerator group moves in the safe speed of rotation pattern.
Need to prove, if the embodiment of the present invention can also comprise the steps: that wind speed is greater than rated wind speed, judge that whether wind speed is greater than cut-out wind speed, if, drop into load, progressively increase field current simultaneously, until the synchronous generator rotating speed is less than setting rotating speed, start water brake, until rotating speed equals 0, complete brake.
Need to prove, in embodiments of the present invention, the first tip speed ratio and the second tip speed ratio are to be two tip speed ratios and the naming method taked in order to distinguish, wherein " first " and " second " just revises front and revised tip speed ratio for distinguishing, " first " and " second " do not have sequential or any relation in logic, herein for illustrative purposes only.
104, calculate power coefficient according to the second tip speed ratio.
In embodiments of the present invention, power coefficient refers to the ratio of vertical axis aerogenerator the group wind energy of catching and the former wind energy that acts on generator set, just can calculate power coefficient according to the second tip speed ratio.
For step 104, as a kind of attainable mode wherein be, calculating power coefficient according to the second tip speed ratio, specifically can comprise: calculate in the following way power coefficient:
C
p=0.01194+0.12945 λ-0.08587 λ
2|-0.09755 λ
3|+0.14679 λ
4|-0.05094 λ
5|+0.00532 λ
6|, wherein, C
pBe power coefficient, λ is the second tip speed ratio.
In order to realize the capturing wind energy of maximal efficiency, need the vertical axis aerogenerator group run on optimum tip-speed ratio and near, by aforementioned C
pCan know with the relation of λ, guarantee the output of vertical axis aerogenerator group when operation optimum efficiency, need to guarantee that the value of power coefficient is large as far as possible, by to C
pAnd the relation between λ carries out emulation, can calculate a C corresponding to each λ
p, as shown in Figure 4, be tip speed ratio λ and power coefficient C
pThe corresponding relation plotted curve, as shown in Figure 4, tip speed ratio λ span is selected in 2≤λ≤3.2 o'clock, C
pValue larger.
105, calculate according to the air density of power coefficient, swept area of rotor, wind speed and vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces.
In embodiments of the present invention, after getting power coefficient, according to the air density calculating machine power of power coefficient, swept area of rotor, wind speed and vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in, the mechanical output formula that adopts blade to transform just can calculate mechanical output.
For step 105, as attainable mode wherein be, specifically calculating machine power in the following way:
In embodiments of the present invention, can be according to the wind speed that collects and wind speed round calculating machine power at every turn, at wind speed fixedly the time, different rotating speeds i.e. corresponding different tip speed ratio, also i.e. corresponding different C
p, be also corresponding different output powers, set different wind speed, can obtain unit output power and wind speed relation under different wind speed.Then filter out maximum mechanical output value condition, generate the corresponding relation curve of best wind speed and mechanical output, so that in the situation that get wind speed, directly by the corresponding relation curve acquisition to mechanical output, next the working process of the corresponding relation curve of best wind speed and mechanical output is elaborated.
Step 101 is fallen into a trap to 105 and has been calculated mechanical output, when the value of wind speed not simultaneously, can draw gang corresponding to the corresponding relation curve of different wind speed and mechanical output by above identical calculations step, further, maximum power point on each curve is linked to be curve, can obtain the corresponding relation plotted curve of best wind speed and mechanical output, the air density ρ with height above sea level below 3500 meters=0.86kg/m
3For example describes, as shown in Figure 5.Realized wind speed less than the rated wind speed situation under, by the wind velocity signal that gathers, issue mechanical output according to the corresponding relation plotted curve of best wind speed and mechanical output to current transformer, control the electromagnetic torque of generator, adjust the synchronous generator rotating speed, the blower fan group is operated under the optimum tip-speed ratio pattern, guarantee that the power factor of vertical axis aerogenerator group is larger, thereby guarantee the unit maximum power output.
106, issue mechanical output to current transformer, control the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator by described current transformer, adjust the synchronous generator rotating speed.
In embodiments of the present invention, after generating mechanical output, issue mechanical output to current transformer, current transformer just can be controlled according to mechanical output the electromagnetic torque of generator, adjusts the synchronous generator rotating speed.Concrete, can issue mechanical output to current transformer by the CANopen agreement.
in embodiment provided by the invention, at first obtain the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of vertical axis aerogenerator group, in the situation that wind speed is less than rated wind speed, calculate the first tip speed ratio, according to the optimum tip-speed ratio that presets, the first tip speed ratio is revised, obtain the second tip speed ratio, then calculate power coefficient by the second tip speed ratio, at last according to power coefficient, swept area of rotor, the air density of wind speed and vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in calculates the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces, issue this mechanical output to current transformer, need to revise according to optimum tip-speed ratio after calculating the first tip speed ratio, what use when calculating power coefficient is result the second tip speed ratio of revising, therefore what the mechanical output that calculates according to this correction result can guarantee the output of vertical axis aerogenerator group is peak output, current transformer is controlled the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator according to the mechanical output that issues, adjust the synchronous generator rotating speed, can realize that the vertical axis aerogenerator group operates under the optimal power pattern, absorbing transformation of energy to greatest extent from wind is electric energy, practicability is very strong, and do not need the power that wind power generating set complete system plant provides is carried out storing after discretization, therefore be applicable to the different types of machines of wind power generating set, realized the power of vertical axis aerogenerator group is controlled, versatility is very strong, and is compatible fine.
Next whole control flows of the vertical axis aerogenerator group being realized are elaborated, and for the ease of understanding each step as described below temporal and logic relation before, see also the control flow schematic diagram as shown in Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b.
The 1st step: after system powers on, point touching screen " startup " button, system enters the auto-controll operation state.
The 2nd step: system acquisition obtains mean wind velocity v, relatively mean wind velocity v and incision wind speed v1 size.If v 〉=v1 directly turned for the 3rd step; Otherwise system enters the wind state for the treatment of, simultaneously local touch screen shows " enter and treat wind " state, until v 〉=v1 turned for the 3rd step.
The 3rd step: whether system's automatic decision satisfies automatic operating conditions, if do not satisfy, local touch screen shows relevant alarm, gets rid of until report to the police, and turns for the 4th step.If condition satisfies automatically, directly turned for the 4th step.
The 4th step: system enters automatic running state and begins pressure release, and simultaneously local touch screen shows " operation automatically " state, turns for the 5th step.
The 5th step: pressure release is completed, and connects the main line between generator and current transformer, if main line is connected unsuccessfully, the touch screen prompting is reported to the police, and system's autostop brake turned for the 14th step; Otherwise directly turned for the 6th step.
The 6th step: current transformer net side starts, if the net side starts unsuccessfully, the touch screen prompting is reported to the police, system's autostop and brake, otherwise directly turned for the 7th step.
The 7th step: after the automated system operation certain hour, according to average wind wheel speed n, compare with setting rotation speed n 1, if n 〉=n1 directly turned for the 8th step.Otherwise, excitation short circuit output, if the current transformer asynchronous starting after starting 2min and n 〉=n1, disconnects excitation short circuit and asynchronous shutdown, turns for the 8th step.
The 8th step: issue the field current value and carry out current transformer and synchronously start, directly turned for the 9th step.
The 9th step: rotating speed reaches the setting rotating speed that is incorporated into the power networks, and system enters and net state, turns for the 10th step.The off-grid phenomenon appears in current transformer if be in operation, and turns for the 12nd step.
The 10th the step: enter and net state after, system judges that whether current v is greater than rated wind speed v2, if v≤v2, by the wind velocity signal that gathers, issue mechanical output according to the corresponding relation curve of best wind speed and mechanical work to current transformer, guarantee vertical axis aerogenerator group Maximum Power Output, realized for any wind speed less than rated wind speed, wind energy conversion system is maximum to the utilization ratio of wind energy; Otherwise turned for 11 steps.
The 11st step: whether system judges current v greater than cut-out wind speed v3, if v 〉=v3, system alarm is also shut down, and turns for the 14th step; Otherwise realize safe speed of rotation control, the vertical axis aerogenerator group is operated under constant power-mode.
The 12nd step: system judges current transformer off-grid phenomenon reason, if due to the improper off-grid of current transformer fault, enters holding state and keeps current rotating speed, until current transformer is transformed into solicited status by fault state, turns for 13 steps.If the current transformer off-grid is because wind speed is too low, system enters holding state, until wind speed reaches the incision wind speed, and current transformer is in solicited status, turns for 13 steps.
The 13rd step: system enters and net state from the net side synchronously starts.
The 14th step: report to the police or all carry out shutdown procedure by stop botton in normal emerged in operation, directly turning for the 15th step.
The 15th step: after carrying out halt instruction, at first system drops into load, and cycle detection generator speed trend of 5s turned for 16 steps.
The 16th step: still rise if rotating speed detected, progressively add field current, until the synchronous generator rotating speed less than 10r, turned for 17 steps.
The 17th step: start water brake, until rotating speed equals 0, turned for 18 steps.
The 18th step: brake successfully, system transfers manual state to by auto state, end of run.
Next will introduce in embodiments of the present invention with said method embodiment in the corresponding device of method introduced, specifically the manner of execution of each unit can referring to said method embodiment, in this content of only describing correlation unit, be described as follows.
See also as shown in Figure 7, a kind of control gear 700 of vertical axis aerogenerator group comprises:
Data acquisition unit 701 is used for obtaining the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of described vertical axis aerogenerator group;
Judging unit 702 is used for judging that whether described wind speed is greater than rated wind speed;
The first computing unit 703 is used for when described wind speed during less than described rated wind speed, according to described wind speed, described wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius calculating the first tip speed ratio;
Amending unit 704 is used for according to optimum tip-speed ratio, described the first tip speed ratio being revised, and obtains the second tip speed ratio;
The second computing unit 705 is used for calculating power coefficient according to described the second tip speed ratio;
The 3rd computing unit 706 is used for calculating according to the air density of described power coefficient, swept area of rotor and described vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces;
Transmitting element 707 is used for issuing described mechanical output to current transformer, controls the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator by described current transformer, adjusts the synchronous generator rotating speed.
Need to prove, the transmitting element 707 that provides for the embodiment of the present invention, as another kind of attainable mode wherein be, transmitting element 707, concrete being used for issues described mechanical output by the CANopen agreement to described current transformer.
Need to prove that the first computing unit 703 that provides for the embodiment of the present invention is that the first computing unit specifically is used for calculating in the following way the first tip speed ratio as a kind of attainable mode wherein:
Need to prove that the amending unit 704 that provides for the embodiment of the present invention is that amending unit specifically is used for calculating in the following way tip speed ratio difference d, d=λ as a kind of attainable mode wherein
m-λ ', wherein, described λ ' is the first tip speed ratio, described λ
mBe optimum tip-speed ratio; Keep the optimum tip-speed ratio value constant, reduce described tip speed ratio difference, obtain described the second tip speed ratio.
Need to prove that the second computing unit 705 that provides for the embodiment of the present invention is that the second computing unit specifically is used for calculating in the following way power coefficient as a kind of attainable mode wherein:
C
p=0.01194+0.12945 λ-0.08587 λ
2-0.09755 λ
3+ 0.14679 λ
4-0.05094 λ
5+ 0.00532 λ
6, wherein, described C
pBe power coefficient, described λ is the second tip speed ratio.
Need to prove that the 3rd computing unit 706 that provides for the embodiment of the present invention is that the 3rd computing unit specifically is used for calculating in the following way described mechanical output as a kind of attainable mode wherein:
Wherein, described P is mechanical output, and described ρ is air density, and described V is wind speed, described C
pBe power coefficient, described S is swept area of rotor.
Need to prove, the judging unit 702 and the transmitting element 707 that provide for the embodiment of the present invention, as a kind of attainable mode wherein be, wherein,
Described judging unit 702 is used for also judging that whether the synchronous generator rotating speed is greater than setting rotating speed;
Described transmitting element 707 also is used for during greater than the setting rotating speed, issuing synchronous startup command to current transformer when described synchronous generator rotating speed, issues field current to excitation device simultaneously.
Need to prove that the control gear 700 of the vertical axis aerogenerator group that provides for the embodiment of the present invention is that described device 700 also comprises as a kind of attainable mode wherein: stoppage protection unit (not shown in Figure 7), wherein,
Described judging unit also is used for during greater than described rated wind speed, judging that whether described wind speed is greater than cut-out wind speed when described wind speed;
Described stoppage protection unit is used for during greater than cut-out wind speed, dropping into load when described wind speed, progressively increases field current simultaneously, until the synchronous generator rotating speed is less than setting rotating speed, the startup water brake until rotating speed equals 0, is completed brake.
Need to prove, the contents such as the information interaction between each module/unit of said apparatus, implementation, due to the inventive method embodiment based on same design, its technique effect that brings is identical with the inventive method embodiment, particular content can referring to the narration in the present invention such as preceding method embodiment, repeat no more herein.
in embodiment provided by the invention, at first data acquisition unit obtains the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of vertical axis aerogenerator group, in the situation that wind speed is less than rated wind speed, the first computing unit calculates the first tip speed ratio, amending unit is revised the first tip speed ratio according to the optimum tip-speed ratio that presets, obtain the second tip speed ratio, then the second computing unit calculates power coefficient by the second tip speed ratio, last the 3rd computing unit is according to power coefficient, swept area of rotor, the air density of wind speed and vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in calculates the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces, transmitting element issues this mechanical output to current transformer, need to revise according to optimum tip-speed ratio after calculating the first tip speed ratio, what use when calculating power coefficient is result the second tip speed ratio of revising, therefore what the mechanical output that calculates according to this correction result can guarantee the output of vertical axis aerogenerator group is peak output, current transformer is according to the mechanical output that issues, control the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator, adjust the synchronous generator rotating speed, can realize that the vertical axis aerogenerator group operates under the optimal power pattern, absorbing transformation of energy to greatest extent from wind is electric energy, practicability is very strong, and do not need the power that wind power generating set complete system plant provides is carried out storing after discretization, therefore be applicable to the different types of machines of wind power generating set, realized the power of vertical axis aerogenerator group is controlled, versatility is very strong, and is compatible fine.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step that realizes in above-described embodiment method is to come the relevant hardware of instruction to complete by program, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable recording medium, the above-mentioned storage medium of mentioning can be ROM (read-only memory), disk or CD etc.
Above controlling method and device to a kind of vertical axis aerogenerator group provided by the present invention is described in detail, for one of ordinary skill in the art, thought according to the embodiment of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. the controlling method of a vertical axis aerogenerator group, is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of described vertical axis aerogenerator group;
Whether judge described wind speed greater than rated wind speed, if described wind speed less than described rated wind speed, calculates the first tip speed ratio according to described wind speed, described wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius;
According to optimum tip-speed ratio, described the first tip speed ratio is revised, obtained the second tip speed ratio;
Calculate power coefficient according to described the second tip speed ratio;
Calculate according to the air density of described power coefficient, swept area of rotor, described wind speed and described vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces;
Issue described mechanical output to current transformer, control the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator by described current transformer, adjust the synchronous generator rotating speed.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly issues described mechanical output to current transformer, is specially:
Issue described mechanical output by the CANopen agreement to described current transformer.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, and is described according to described wind speed, described wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius calculating the first tip speed ratio, comprising:
Calculate in the following way the first tip speed ratio:
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly according to optimum tip-speed ratio, described the first tip speed ratio revised, and obtains the second tip speed ratio, comprising:
Calculate in the following way tip speed ratio difference d, d=λ
m-λ ', wherein, described λ ' is the first tip speed ratio, described λ
mBe optimum tip-speed ratio;
Keep the optimum tip-speed ratio value constant, reduce described tip speed ratio difference, obtain described the second tip speed ratio.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, and is described according to described the second tip speed ratio calculating power coefficient, comprising:
Calculate in the following way power coefficient:
C
p=0.01194+0.12945 λ-0.08587 λ
2-0.09755 λ
3+ 0.14679 λ
4-0.05094 λ
5+ 0.00532 λ
6, wherein, described C
pBe power coefficient, described λ is the second tip speed ratio.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described air density according to described power coefficient, swept area of rotor, described wind speed and described vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in is calculated the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces, and comprising:
Calculate in the following way described mechanical output:
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly judges that described wind speed whether greater than rated wind speed, also comprises before:
Whether judge the synchronous generator rotating speed greater than the setting rotating speed, if, issue synchronous startup command to current transformer and carry out synchronous the startup, issue field current to excitation device simultaneously.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: if whether described wind speed greater than described rated wind speed, judges described wind speed greater than cut-out wind speed, if, drop into load, simultaneously progressively increase field current, until the synchronous generator rotating speed starts water brake less than setting rotating speed, until rotating speed equals 0, complete brake.
9. the control gear of a vertical axis aerogenerator group, is characterized in that, comprising:
Data acquisition unit is used for obtaining the wind speed of vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in and the wind speed round of described vertical axis aerogenerator group;
Judging unit is used for judging that whether described wind speed is greater than rated wind speed;
The first computing unit is used for when described wind speed during less than described rated wind speed, according to described wind speed, described wind speed round and wind wheel turning radius calculating the first tip speed ratio;
Amending unit is used for according to optimum tip-speed ratio, described the first tip speed ratio being revised, and obtains the second tip speed ratio;
The second computing unit is used for calculating power coefficient according to described the second tip speed ratio;
The 3rd computing unit is used for calculating according to the air density of described power coefficient, swept area of rotor and described vertical axis aerogenerator group environment of living in the mechanical output that the vertical axis aerogenerator group produces;
Transmitting element is used for issuing described mechanical output to current transformer, controls the electromagnetic torque of synchronous generator by described current transformer, adjusts the synchronous generator rotating speed.
10. control gear according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described transmitting element, and concrete being used for issues described mechanical output by the CANopen agreement to described current transformer.
11. control gear according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described the first computing unit is concrete for calculating in the following way the first tip speed ratio:
12. control gear according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described amending unit is concrete for calculating in the following way tip speed ratio difference d, d=λ
m-λ ', wherein, described λ ' is the first tip speed ratio, described λ
mBe optimum tip-speed ratio; Keep the optimum tip-speed ratio value constant, reduce described tip speed ratio difference, obtain described the second tip speed ratio.
13. control gear according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described the second computing unit is concrete for calculating in the following way power coefficient:
C
p=0.01194+0.12945 λ-0.08587 λ
2-0.09755 λ
3+ 0.14679 λ
4-0.05094 λ
5+ 0.00532 λ
6, wherein, described C
pBe power coefficient, described λ is the second tip speed ratio.
14. control gear according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described the 3rd computing unit is concrete for calculating in the following way described mechanical output:
15. control gear according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Described judging unit is used for also judging that whether described synchronous generator rotating speed is greater than setting rotating speed;
Described transmitting element also is used for during greater than the setting rotating speed, issuing synchronous startup command to current transformer when described synchronous generator rotating speed, issues field current to excitation device simultaneously.
16. control gear according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described control gear also comprises: the stoppage protection unit, wherein,
Described judging unit also is used for during greater than described rated wind speed, judging that whether described wind speed is greater than cut-out wind speed when described wind speed;
Described stoppage protection unit is used for during greater than cut-out wind speed, dropping into load when described wind speed, progressively increases field current simultaneously, until the synchronous generator rotating speed is less than setting rotating speed, the startup water brake until rotating speed equals 0, is completed brake.
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| CN116412074B (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2024-02-23 | 浙江大学 | Wind driven generator torque control method and device |
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