CN103145456B - A kind of foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions - Google Patents
A kind of foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions Download PDFInfo
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- CN103145456B CN103145456B CN201310077052.4A CN201310077052A CN103145456B CN 103145456 B CN103145456 B CN 103145456B CN 201310077052 A CN201310077052 A CN 201310077052A CN 103145456 B CN103145456 B CN 103145456B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions, it is characterized by that active component contains polycondensation potassium phosphate and orthophosphoric acid potassium salt, its 1% pH value of water solution is between 6.0-9.0. The foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions of the present invention can produce into solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer. Described agriculturally useful compositions has the effect of be significantly improved plant products and quality, it is adaptable to fruit type vegetable, fruit tree etc. The invention solves polycondensation potassium phosphate solution pH value high, it is impossible to the problem mixed with acid agrichemical, plant growth regulator, fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phosphorus potassium composite foliar and spray agriculturally useful compositions.
Background technology
The sugar content of fruit and color are the key characters of fruit quality, and sugar content is high, and local flavor is dense, painted well, fruit bright in colour is always subjected to the favor of consumer, and price is also higher. Therefore, improve the sugar content of fruit, improve the painted of fruit, be the important technical links in Fruits production. There is significantly high dependency between the sugar content of fruit and fruit color, the sugar content of fruit is high, and often the painted of fruit might as well. The method promoting sugar content increase of fruits painted at present is a lot: improves tree body illumination condition, flower and fruit thinning, bagging, priming leaf, turn fruit, spread reflective Mo. These are some agronomic measures mostly, are limited by many-sided consideration such as yield and production cost, and these methods are feasible in certain scope. Appliable plant growth regulator also plays good effect simultaneously: spray naphthalene acetic acid, 2-methyl-4-chloro-butyric acid sodium, ethephon, abscisic acid, jasmonic, amino-laevulic acid, glutamic acid etc., but side effect served by appliable plant growth regulator often band. Alar (daminozide) is used to strengthen fruit color, but in 1989, the daminozide by-product that discovery is called UDMH (uns-dimethylhydrazine) is carcinogenic, and therefore daminozide is categorized as medium carcinogen, and it is prohibited to be applied to Fruits production in many countries. Ethephon has the effect promoting fruit color, but has promoted fruit maturation, and fruit storage property declines, reduced shelf-life. And some regulators such as abscisic acid, jasmonic are expensive, it is impossible to widely apply aborning. Simultaneously because fruit color agent is often applied before fruit harvesting, also bring fruit quality safety problem.
Improve the yield of crop by applying fertilizer and quality is the agricultural measures of a kind of routine. Years of researches show, can be promoted the raising of content of fruit soluble solids by control nitrogen, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer and be improved fruit color character on fruit tree, fruit type vegetable. The content that the subject matter existed in current phosphorus potash fertilizer is phosphorus potassium is low, such as calcium superphosphate; Potassium chloride, potassium sulfate are single potash fertilizer, and plant is disadvantageous by simultaneously too much chlorine. In some compound fertilizers, the content of phosphorus potassium is also generally relatively low. As: a kind of liquid foliage fertilizer (number of patent application 200610170959.5) contains APP 230 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 300 parts in 1000 parts of fertilizer;Fruit fleshy and coloured fertilizer and method for making (number of patent application 94117994.X) thereof only phosphoric acid 70 grams, potassium sulfate 80 grams in the medicine fertilizer of 1000 grams; In a kind of composite mixed foliage fertilizer and preparation method thereof (number of patent application 200610010017.0), phosphate fertilizer accounts for 2-15%, and potash fertilizer accounts for 1-6%; In apple expanding and colouring medicinal fertilizer (number of patent application 93116466.4), in the product being made up of carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Borax, titanium sulfate, carbendazim, gibberellins, potassium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 30-40%; A kind of efficient fruits nutrition physiology hyperchromic fertilizer (number of patent application 200810018243.2) with the addition of potassium sulfate 5-6%, potassium chloride 1.8-2.2% in numerous nutrition, it does not have the addition of P elements; Also having in substantial amounts of fertilizer, phosphorus potassium only adds composition only as one, at all not as main nutrient.
Polycondensation potassium phosphate is a kind of well high concentration phosphorus potash fertilizer, but the Some features of polycondensation potassium phosphate limits its extensive use aborning. Polycondensation potassium phosphate is owing to having sloughed hydrogen, and aqueous solution is in alkalescence, and 1% pH value of water solution is up to 10. At present, most pesticide, plant growth regulator are all acidic materials, owing to the pH of polycondensation potassium phosphate is high, limit its mixing with growth regulator, pesticide etc. and use. In present labor cost zooming period, it is very big that labor cost accounts for agricultural cost proportion, is used alone polycondensation potassium phosphate, adds use cost, limits it and uses.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions, it implements to improve crop yield, improves the sugar content of fruit, promotes fruit color. The key component of the present composition is polycondensation potassium phosphate and potassium orthophosphate, and potassium orthophosphate can regulate the pH value of polycondensation potassium phosphate, and the two is close with most Agrotechnical formulations with the use of the pH value that can make compositions, facilitates the combination with other preparations and uses; And the phosphorus potassium content of the present composition is high, does not contain the material of the harm plant growings such as chlorine.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The compositions of the present invention comprises polycondensation potassium phosphate and potassium orthophosphate, and the weight ratio of the two is 10:1-1:10.
Polycondensation potassium phosphate of the present invention is including at least the one in following: potassium pyrophosphate, PTPP (potassium tripolyphosphate), four PA 800K, potassium polyphosphate; Described potassium orthophosphate includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate and/or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
The compositions of the present invention is possibly together with the surfactant accounting for described composition total weight 0 ~ 10%.
Surfactant of the present invention is including at least the one in following: polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, phosphoric acid fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether, alkylsulfonate, alkyl sulfate, arylsulphonate and protolysate.
The weight ratio of polycondensation potassium phosphate of the present invention and potassium orthophosphate is 5:1-1:2.
Polycondensation potassium phosphate of the present invention and orthophosphoric acid potassium salt weight ratio are 4:1-2:1.
The present composition is 6.0-9.0 in the pH value of its effective component content 1%w/v aqueous solution.
The compositions of the present invention can be processed into, with agriculturally acceptable carrier or solvent, the dosage form being currently known in a known way, such as wettable powder and solubility water preparation.
Foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions of the present invention, foliage spray can carry out repeatedly in crop growth period, it is preferable that 2-3 time, sprays period with best in first 2 months of fruit harvesting.The crop being suitable for is fruit tree, fruit type vegetable, flowers, Nicotiana tabacum L., Radix Betae, potato class etc.
The foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions of the present invention dilutes 500-1500 times in use.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
The foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions of the present invention, the pH value of polycondensation potassium phosphate is regulated by potassium orthophosphate, the pH value making compositions is close with most Agrotechnical formulations, polycondensation potassium phosphate can be realized and mix use with other fertilizer, plant growth regulator, vitamin, aminoacid, nucleic acid, insecticide, antibacterial, acaricide, reduce labor cost.
The foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions of the present invention, phosphorus potassium content is high, and does not contain the material of the harm plant growings such as chlorine, improves economy and the safety of Fertilizer application.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1-12
According to polycondensation potassium phosphate and orthophosphoric acid potassium salt weight ratio, calculate the aequum of raw material, raw material is pulverized respectively, cross 100-120 mesh sieve, then weigh raw material by weight and be configured to compositions.
In order to show the regulating effect of potassium orthophosphate salt pair polycondensation potassium phosphate pH value of water solution, embodiment 1 ~ 12 is by different proportioning compositions formulated, then dilution 100 times becomes aqueous solution (being the aqueous solution of active constituent content 1%w/v), measures the pH value of aqueous solution, and result is table 1 such as. Owing to the pH of potassium pyrophosphate, PTPP (potassium tripolyphosphate) and polyphosphoric acids aqueous solutions of potassium is about 10, physicochemical property is very much like, therefore only for potassium pyrophosphate in embodiment 1-12.
The phosphorus potassium content of embodiment 1-12 and pH value measure:
The change of table 1 potassium pyrophosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate different ratio pH value and phosphorus potassium content
From test result, polycondensation potassium phosphate adds orthophosphoric acid potassium salt, it is possible to effectively reducing pH value, even if adding orthophosphoric acid potassium salt in polycondensation potassium phosphate in the ratio of 10:1, pH value can be significantly decreased. Add in the ratio of 4:1,1% pH value of water solution close to 8.0, this content with the subsoil water in some areas already close to, can use with any pesticide, chemical fertilizer, plant growth regulator collocation completely. Adding in the ratio of 2:1,1% pH value of water solution is close to neutral.
In the embodiment of the present invention, compositions of the present invention adds surfactant and carrier or solvent when preparation is for pesticidal preparations.
Surfactant refers to the material having strong surface activity, the surface tension of liquid being made to be remarkably decreased, and it act as solubilising, emulsifying, moistening, froth breaking etc. in pesticide. Pesticide adds surfactant be known to the skilled person as auxiliary agent. Surfactant suitable in the present invention includes polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, phosphoric acid fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether, alkylsulfonate, alkyl sulfate, arylsulphonate and protolysate. The dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate selected in the embodiment of the present invention is the one of alkylsulfonate, and polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monolaurate is the one of polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester.
Carrier refers to the inert substance of load or dilution pesticide pesticide in pesticidal preparations, and its effect is dilution, absorption or thickening. Pesticide adds carrier be known to the skilled person.
The embodiment of the present invention is adopted and is prepared with the following method:
The preparation method of solid foliage fertilizer of the present invention is: according to polycondensation potassium phosphate and orthophosphoric acid potassium salt weight ratio, calculates the aequum of raw material, is pulverized respectively by raw material, cross 100-120 mesh sieve, then weigh raw material by weight, add in batch mixer and be sufficiently mixed, then subpackage.
The preparation method of fluid present invention foliage fertilizer is: according to polycondensation potassium phosphate and orthophosphoric acid potassium salt weight ratio, calculates the aequum of raw material, weighs raw material by weight, poured into by raw material in reactor, be sufficiently agitated until raw material and all dissolve, filters, subpackage.
Embodiment 13
By 30kg PTPP (potassium tripolyphosphate), 15kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate put into 40kg water in, it is sufficiently stirred for dissolving, adds the polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monolaurate of 10kg, then fill out and add water to 100kg, becoming the liquid fertilizer of effective content 45%, the pH value of 100 times of obtained aqueous solutions of dilution is 7.12.
The result of use detection of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein improves crop yield and represents by measuring single fruit weight, improves the sugar content of fruit and represents by measuring soluble solid content in fruit, promotes that fruit color is by measuring fruit color cartographic represenation of area. In specialty, sugar content generally represents with soluble sugar, total sugar or soluble solid, soluble sugar refers to water-soluble monosaccharide, the oligosaccharide that fruit is contained within, in total sugar except containing except soluble sugar possibly together with insoluble macromole saccharide, soluble solid refers to the whole solable matters in fruit, based on soluble sugar, therefore detection soluble solid content can reflect the sugar content of fruit number.
The result of use of embodiment 1,3,5,6,7,8,9,12:
Add the change of effect of fertilizer after potassium dihydrogen phosphate to test potassium pyrophosphate, select embodiment 1,3,5,6,7,8,9,12 to carry out manure trial, and with clear water for comparison.
Test seeds are 6 years raw dwarfing interstock Fuji apples, and management level are medium, within 30th, add respectively in embodiment 1,3,5,6,7,8,9,12 resulting composition in JIUYUE 5 days, JIUYUE
After adding the dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate of weight 10% in above-mentioned composition, dilution 1000 times carries out foliage spray, is sprayed onto blade face and drips. Often process 3 strain trees, repeat 3 times, using clear water+dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate as comparison. When October 25 gathered, often processing and take 30 fruits to be measured, repeat for three times to take 90 fruits altogether, measure fruit size, soluble solid content, stained area, result is in Table 2.
The different phosphorus potassium proportion impact on fruit growth and quality of table 2
From test effect, different potassium pyrophosphates/potassium dihydrogen phosphate combination is little on the impact of fruit single fruit weight, it is possible to relevant with the use age, but to content of fruit soluble solids with painted have considerable influence. Soluble solid and stained area all increase to some extent because using phosphorus potash fertilizer, better with the combined effect that potassium pyrophosphate content is high, are gradually lowered with the increase effect of potassium dihydrogen phosphate addition. Particularly when the content of potassium pyrophosphate is lower than 50%, increase the painted effect of sugar and decline clearly.
The result of use of example 5:
With potassium pyrophosphate/potassium dihydrogen phosphate ratio be 4:1 soil fertility quality Fructus Persicae (Mei Xia), pear, the process time is fruit harvesting first 40 days and 20 days, processing method be add weight of fertilizer 5% phosphoric acid fatty acid ester (HLB=13) after by fertilizer dilute 1000 times, Herb is sprayed, every planting fruit-trees processes 5 strain trees, during fruit maturation, every strain tree plucks 10 fruits at random, measures single fruit weight and soluble solid content respectively, with clear water+phosphoric acid fatty acid ester (HLB=13) for comparison. Result is in Table 3.
Table 3 foliage fertilizer result of use on different fruit trees
The result of use of embodiment 13:
It is Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi for examination seeds, kind is Shamir, age of tree life in 6 years, fruit harvesting first 30 days and 15 days, after 45% liquid fertilizer of embodiment 13 gained is diluted 800 times, Herb is sprayed, and often processes 5 strain trees, and during fruit maturation, every strain tree plucks 30 fruits at random, measuring single fruit weight and soluble solid content respectively, the polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monolaurate aqueous solution with 0.0125% is comparison.Result is in Table 4.
Table 4 embodiment 13 result of use on Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi
Find out from result of the test, the fertilizer for spraying on leaf surface of the present invention, different fruit trees all shows promotion fruit growth, increase soluble solid content, promote painted effect. On peach tree, show the good action significantly preventing and treating preharvest drop simultaneously.
Claims (7)
1. a foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions, it is characterised in that it comprises polycondensation potassium phosphate and potassium orthophosphate, the weight ratio of the two is 10:1-1:2.
2. foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described polycondensation potassium phosphate is including at least the one in following: potassium pyrophosphate, PTPP (potassium tripolyphosphate), four PA 800K, potassium polyphosphate; Described potassium orthophosphate can also be potassium dihydrogen phosphate and/or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
3. foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that possibly together with the surfactant accounting for described composition total weight 0 ~ 10%.
4. foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described surfactant is including at least the one in following: polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, phosphoric acid fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether, alkylsulfonate, alkyl sulfate, arylsulphonate and protolysate.
5. the foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that described polycondensation potassium phosphate and the weight ratio of potassium orthophosphate are 5:1-1:2.
6. foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described polycondensation potassium phosphate and orthophosphoric acid potassium salt weight ratio are 4:1-2:1.
7. the foliage-spray agriculturally useful compositions according to claim 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that the pH value of its effective component content 1%w/v aqueous solution is 6.0-9.0.
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| CN105859444A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-17 | 郑州盛润生物质能源化工研究院 | Coloring and sugar increasing fertilizer containing polypeptide amino acid and glycosidase and compounded with phosphor and potassium |
| CN106258656A (en) * | 2016-08-14 | 2017-01-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of foliage-spray kills the method for Citrus aleyrodid |
| CN106719825B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-06-04 | 营口佳田农资有限公司 | It is a kind of for grape anticracking, increase sugar and coloring composition and application method |
| CN109336663A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 郑州启汇果品有限公司 | A kind of increasing is sugared to colour liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111747776A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-10-09 | 普罗丰禾(武汉)科技有限公司 | Polymeric full-water-soluble fertilizer, preparation method and application thereof, and preparation method of boron potassium polyphosphate compound |
| CN113443938A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-09-28 | 广西太美生物科技股份有限公司 | High-concentration phosphorus-potassium-boron-copper liquid fertilizer suitable for flying prevention crops and preparation method thereof |
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| US5707418A (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 1998-01-13 | Safergro Laboratories, Inc. | Inorganic phosphorous fertilizer |
| CN1321624A (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2001-11-14 | 昆明西山爱德望农药分装厂 | Flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating water soluble composite fertilizer and its preparation method |
| US8419820B2 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2013-04-16 | Everris International B.V. | Fast dissolving water-soluble fertilizer formulations and methods and uses thereof |
| CN102442855B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-06-05 | 武汉富强科技发展有限责任公司 | Preparation method of multi-element high-concentration liquid fertilizer with stable performance |
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