CN103144732A

CN103144732A - Electric bicycle with intelligent speed change function and central motor

Info

Publication number: CN103144732A
Application number: CN2013100650946A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭小华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-03-01
Filing date: 2013-03-01
Publication date: 2013-06-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a speed change device of an electric bicycle with an intelligent speed change function and a central motor. The speed change device comprises the motor and a chain wheel mechanical transmission device mounted in the position of a central shaft of the electric bicycle and an intelligent speed change device for intelligently and automatically shifting for speed change, wherein the chain wheel mechanical transmission device comprises the motor (1) mounted in the position of the central shaft; a one-way small flying wheel (2) is arranged on an output shaft of the motor; the small flying wheel is connected with a big chain plate (4) on one pedal of the central shaft in a transmission way through a belt or a chain (3); a one-way flying wheel (6) is mounted between the big chain plate and the central shaft (5); and the intelligent speed change device comprises a controller display (1) comprising single chip software, a voltage, current and speed sensor (2) and a step motor actuator (3). The speed change device is simple and light in structure, reliable in performance and low in cost; the continuous change of 5 to 27-speed can be achieved; and relative to the electric bicycle with a wheel hub motor, the starting speed, the climbing torque and the driving distance are greatly increased, and the battery life is greatly prolonged.

Description

Intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle

Technical field

The built-in motor Electrical Bicycle of a kind of intelligent speed changing gearshift that the present invention relates to, particularly a kind of variation according to speed and power of motor comes the method for auto-changing gear.

Background technology

Electrical Bicycle at Chinese development the more than ten years, with alerting ability, comfort feature, safety, the economy of its height, won broad masses of the people's favor, the user rises rapidly, whole nation user reaches 300,000,000, yearly output reaches 100,000,000, having won the concern of government with the energy-conserving and environment-protective performance of its height, is energy-saving and emission-reduction, the good product of convenient trip.But limited by engineering factor, the Electrical Bicycle of China mainly adopts lead-acid battery, lead-acid battery has 1 large advantage, 2 large shortcomings, advantage is that the large impact of anti-starting current capability is good, shortcoming is: 1. energy density is little, and than heavy 4-5 times with the lithium cell of capacity, 2. the environmental pollution of manufacturing process and abandonment is serious; Dispatch a joint document and eliminate the lead-acid battery Electrical Bicycle in national six positions in 2011, carry out forcing the battery-driven car standard, up to the present, the battery-driven car output of lithium cell has had significantly lifting, account for market share 10-15% left and right, but, from re-set target, larger gap is arranged still, its subject matter or a technical matters.At first the environmental issue of lead-acid battery, the production link heavily contaminated is not that each producer can control, and bans so country eliminates, and does not meet the manufacturer of environmental demands; Secondly the energy density of lead-acid battery is less a lot of times than lithium cell, be arranged on make on battery-driven car battery-driven car from great several times, equal bicycle also do not have acting just Duola the goods of tens kilograms, cause the waste of electric energy, reduce the efficient of battery-driven car, do not met the Trend of Energy Saving of energy-saving and environment friendly.

lithium cell does not just have the shortcoming of lead-acid battery, and the advantage that has both lead-acid battery, but manufacturer's technology of domestic lithium cell is very different, the lithium cell of most of producer does not have the performance of heavy-current discharge, add the market harmful competition, the lithium battery motor-car fault rate of tradition wheel hub motor is on the contrary than the height of plumbic acid, common people catch a packet to the confidence of lithium battery motor-car, adopt at present the lithium cell electric bicycle of wheel hub motor, only have the current limliting method of employing and non-zero to play footwork, reduce the starting rush current of car, to reach the purpose of protection battery, cause like this lithium cell bicycle not interesting, to grow distance with Electrical Bicycle the rural area people, hauling goods of large load, obviously only had the car of selection lead-acid battery, like this greatly limited the development spreading speed of the lithium cell electric bicycle of vast town and country market.

So how in the situation that do not increase the motor bicycle that electric current obtains a high-torque and hill climbing ability? obviously wheel hub motor is unrealistic, only have mechanical speed change just can obtain high-torque, little electric current, only have the built-in motor just can be in the situation that do not increase structure and weight realizes mechanical speed change easily.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to make a kind of built-in motor Electrical Bicycle of intelligent machine shift speed change, the contradiction that needs large electric current with the high-torque that solves present existing wheel hub motor Electrical Bicycle, large electric current can reduce the drawback in the service life of the course continuation mileage of car and battery.

In order to achieve the above object, the complete mechanical variable speed device that keeps mountain bike of the present invention, this apparatus structure is simply light and handy, efficient energy-saving, technology maturation is reliable, add built-in motor and mountain bike chain speed change system organically combines, add the intelligent gearshift speed change system, reach the driving purpose of little electric current high-torque, greatly extend the single course continuation mileage of battery and the service life of battery, no matter lead-acid battery and lithium cell can use, can be widely used on two-wheeled electric bicycle and tricycle electric bicycle.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific implementation method of the present invention is made detailed explanation, in accompanying drawing, Fig. 1, built-in motor and speed variation in conjunction with schematic diagram, the structural representation of Fig. 2, intelligent gearshift transmission system, the method for work schematic flow sheet of Fig. 3, intelligent gearshift speed change system.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 be built-in motor of the present invention and speed variation in conjunction with schematic diagram, Fig. 2, be the structural representation of intelligent gearshift transmission system, as shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention includes built-in motor and speed variation and intelligent gearshift transmission system.Built-in motor and speed variation comprise 1. motor 2. small flywheel (single-phase ratchet) 3. chain 4. axis 5. big chain plate 6. axis flywheel (single direction ratchet) form; Small flywheel effect 2. is, motor can not follow the pedal chain drum to turn when manpower is ridden, the extra idle work resistance that when reducing manpower and riding, electric power generation brings, the effect 6. of axis flywheel is, when electricity consumption is ridden, pedal can not follow the motor chain drum to turn, and causes the waste of electric energy, the danger of avoiding in addition pedal to pinch; 1. the intelligent speed changing device comprises controller telltale that scm software forms, voltage, electric current, speed sensor 2., 3. etc. step motor actuator forms; The intelligent gearshift change-speed box can be according to the size of curent change, selecting to keep original gear within the scope of setting travels, if electric current exceeds capping, the stepper motor actr is carried out the operation that lowers category, otherwise CPU provides instruction when electric current rolls off the production line lower than setting value, stepper motor is carried out the operation that shifts up, otherwise, words within the scope that power of motor is being set, CPU provides instruction and keeps original gear operation, when being decelerated to parking, CUP provides instruction, the state when gear automatically reverts to starting.

Claims

1. an intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle, comprise built-in motor transmission link mechanical device, and the Intelligent Single-Chip Based power-shift gear box is characterized in that:

Built-in motor driving chain wheel mechanical device comprises: built-in motor, small flywheel (single direction ratchet), front chain, big chain plate, axis flywheel (single direction ratchet);

The Intelligent Single-Chip Based power-shift gear box comprises: intelligent object CPU, telltale, voltage, electric current, speed sensor, stepper motor actr, Front Derailleur shift fork, front stepper motor shift fork, Rear Derailleur and Rear Derailleur shift fork, rear stepper motor gearshift fork.

2. intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that small flywheel (single direction ratchet) in built-in motor chain sprocket drive mechanical device is to be installed at Fig. 1 on the take-off (propeller) shaft of motor.

3. intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that axis flywheel (single direction ratchet) in built-in motor chain sprocket drive mechanical device be installed on the pedal center shaft of bicycle, big chain plate is arranged on Fig. 1 on the axis flywheel.

4. intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in built-in motor chain sprocket drive mechanical device, small flywheel (single direction ratchet) and big chain plate are by chain or belt, link transmission, perhaps meshed transmission gear.

5. intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the intelligent object CPU in the Intelligent Single-Chip Based power-shift gear box decides the variation of gear according to the variation of voltage, electric current, speed.

6. intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the front and back stepper motor gearshift fork in the Intelligent Single-Chip Based power-shift gear box is arranged on, the position of front and back gearshift fork such as Fig. 2.

7. intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle, its method step of realizing the intelligent gearshift speed change is as follows:

A, starting, gear drop to minimum;

B, detection speed, detection voltage, electric current, calculate output power of motor;

C, when continuous 1 second of power of motor lower than setting power, shift up; When power of motor exceeded setting power in continuous 1 second, lower category;

D, maintain when power of motor between the upper and lower bound of setting power always, keep original gear;

E, deceleration are according to the Speed Reduction gear;

F, stop to reduce the gear of gear when starting to walk.

An intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle its realize the intelligent gearshift transmission system, can calculate the Energy Efficiency Ratio of optimum speed and gear, allow battery-driven car travel at the most energy-conservation gear.

9. the method for calculating of the Energy Efficiency Ratio of intelligent speed changing built-in motor Electrical Bicycle as claimed in claim 7 is: velocity amplitude is divided by the power of motor value, and the ratio of which gear is maximum with regard to which gear commonly used.