CN103144244A - Plastic electroplating product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plastic electroplating product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103144244A CN103144244A CN2013100899501A CN201310089950A CN103144244A CN 103144244 A CN103144244 A CN 103144244A CN 2013100899501 A CN2013100899501 A CN 2013100899501A CN 201310089950 A CN201310089950 A CN 201310089950A CN 103144244 A CN103144244 A CN 103144244A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plastic electroplating product and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of introducing a supercritical fluid to a plastic injecting machine, and controlling the injection of the supercritical fluid quantitatively in order, so as to prepare a plastic product with a micropore foaming surface layer and a solid core layer; electroplating the plastic product with an electroplating technology, and forming a metal plating layer with an inverted buckled structure, thereby obtaining a high-performance plastic electroplating product which has high plating and plastic bonding force and has three layers of structures including a metal plating layer, a micropore foaming layer and a solid core layer. According to the invention, the important electroplating processes of roughening, reduction and the like in the traditional plastic electroplating technology are shortened and optimized by utilizing a great amount of micropores in the surface of the plastic product, and the preparation method has the characteristics of short electroplating time, less electroplating energy consumption and pollution, low comprehensive electroplating cost and the like; and meanwhile, because the surface is foamed when the plastic product is injected and formed, the problems of shrinking, buckling deformation and the like of the product are improved; plastic particle raw materials can be saved; the product weight can be reduced; and the production cost can be lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electroplating technology field, especially a kind of plastic electroplating goods and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The advantages such as density is little, lightweight, specific strength is high owing to having for macromolecular material, good insulation preformance, dielectric loss is low, chemical stability good, wear-resisting, sound insulation damping have obtained using more and more widely at numerous areas such as national defence, Aero-Space, building materials, household electrical appliances, medical treatment, automation equipment, automobiles.
Plastic electroplating refers to the technique at the plastic part substrates coat of metal.Compare with metallic article, the plastic electroplating goods not only can be realized good metal-like, and can alleviate product weight, effectively improving plastics outward appearance and ornamental while, also improved it in the performance of electricity, heat and the aspect such as anti-corrosion, improve its surperficial mechanical strength, more and more be subject to user's favor.
Plastic electroplating generally includes the technical process such as ultrasonic wave paraffin removal, oil removing, alligatoring, reduction, catalysis, dispergation, chemical nickel, nickel preplating, copper facing, nickel plating, chromium plating at present.Wherein most important early stage, roughening process was mainly to form a large amount of small pits by chemical method in surface of plastic products fully, during alligatoring, the coarsening solution use amount is large, alligatoring efficient is low, large scale plastic product was once electroplated approximately 4～5 hours consuming time, energy consumption is very large, is accompanied by a series of chemical reaction in electroplating process simultaneously, can produce plurality of heavy metal waste water, solid waste, sour gas, serious environment pollution is detrimental to health.
On the other hand, the plastic electroplating goods that are used for the fields such as mobile phone, notebook computer, automobile for some, usually there are the problems such as shrink, warpage in it in injection molding process, and the problems such as the larger shrink of small product size, warpage are more serious, and traditional injection moulding forming technique and technique are difficult to address these problems well.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the present invention is necessary to provide a kind of plastic electroplating goods and preparation method thereof, and it can overcome the defective of prior art, improves shrink, the buckling deformation of injecting products, and saves electroplating cost, reduces and electroplates energy consumption and pollution, improves the plated item quality.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of plastic electroplating goods preparation method, it includes:
(1) plastic pellet enters injecting machine material tube by hopper;
(2) injection machine utilizes bolt rotary and barrel heating plasticizing plastic pellet, passes into supercritical fluid to injecting machine material tube simultaneously, forms polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system; Supercritical fluid reaches stop supplies after set amount, and screw rod continues plasticizing, obtains not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid;
(3) screw rod reach injection, polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system takes the lead in injecting mould, form the top layer microporous foam layer of product, continue to inject the polymer melt formation product sandwich layer that does not absorb supercritical fluid of mould, finally make the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core;
(4) with the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core are electroplated by electroplating technology, finally make have the coat of metal, the high performance plastics plated item of microporous foam layer and solid core three-decker.
Preferably, in step (1), described plastic pellet comprises acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polypropylene, polysulfones, Merlon, nylon, polystyrene, glass fibre-reinforced phenolic resin material and polymer composite or high polymer alloy etc. for electroplating grade thermoplastic or thermosets.
Preferably, in step (2), supercritical fluid is CO
2Or N
2Quantitatively control in order supercritical fluid and inject flow, pressure and time, form foremost polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system at the screw in injection molding machine measuring room, thereafter for not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid.
Preferably, in step (3), screw in injection molding machine fast reach makes polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system rate be introduced into mould, and when the screw rod of injection machine continues to move forward, and enters mould after not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid.
Preferably, in step (4), plastic products microporous foam layer forms the coat of metal with back-off structure through forming the pit of back-off shape after roughening treatment after electroplating.
The plastic electroplating goods that the present invention also provides a kind of plastic electroplating preparation method as described in above any one to make, it includes: the solid core, microporous foam layer and the coat of metal that distribute from the inside to the outside.
Preferably, the thickness of described microporous foam layer is 100-200 μ m.
Preferably, described microporous foam layer includes a plurality of micropores, and the diameter of described micropore is 1-10 μ m.
Preferably, the thickness of the described coat of metal is 30-50 μ m.
At first, plastic pellet enters injecting machine material tube from hopper, plastified into gradually polymer melt under the effect of the shearing of screw rod and barrel heating, simultaneously pass into supercritical fluid in injecting machine material tube, the injection rate of supercritical fluid, injection rate, time and pressure etc. are set according to plastic pellet kind, goods size and product surface pore size and density.Polymer melt and supercritical fluid are mixed even under the shear action of screw in injection molding machine, and form polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system at screw front end; Stop after the supercritical fluid injection is a certain amount of injecting, screw rod continuation this moment is rotated and is retreated and plastifies the storing action, and screw rod stops operating after the storing amount reaches setting.Carry out subsequently action of injection, the polymer melt of injection moulding mould/supercritical fluid homogeneous system takes the lead in this moment, form the top layer microporous foam layer of product under the quick pressure releasing condition, the polymer melt that does not absorb supercritical fluid of follow-up injection mould forms the product sandwich layer, finally make the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core.Due to this moment product surface formed a large amount of micropores, can greatly simplify in the traditional electrical depositing process alligatoring and two processes of reduction.Electroplate by techniques such as ultrasonic wave paraffin removal, oil removing, alligatoring, reduction, catalysis, dispergation, chemical nickel, nickel preplating, copper facing, nickel plating and chromium plating subsequently, obtain plated item.
A kind of plastic electroplating goods of the present invention and preparation method thereof compared with prior art have following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention can effectively improve or solve the problems such as goods shrink, warpage, and saves raw material, reduces costs.Existing plastic electroplating goods injection moulding technology of preparing and technique are first to obtain the plastic products of solid construction with the injector moulding, then through the electroplating technology process, it are electroplated, and finally obtain the plastic electroplating goods.Often there are the problems such as insoluble shrink, warpage in plastic products in whole moulding preparation process.The present invention passes into supercritical fluid by quantitatively controlling in order on plastic injection equipment, moulding obtains the plastic products of microporous foam layer and solid core two-layer structure, the existence of its top layer foaming forming technique and a large amount of micropores can not only effectively improve or solve the problems such as above-mentioned shrink, warpage, and can save raw material, reduce costs.
(2) the present invention can reduce alligatoring and reduction process herb liquid consumption, shortens electroplating time, reduces and electroplates energy consumption, pollution and comprehensive electroplating cost.Electroplating technology in existing plastic electroplating goods injection moulding technology of preparing, that the plastic products of solid construction are electroplated, mainly to obtain a large amount of pits by chemical method at product surface in the alligatoring stage of electroplating technology, to improve the adhesion of coating and plastics.The plastic products with microporous foam layer and solid core two-layer structure that the present invention obtains, owing to having had a large amount of micropores in plastic products microporous foam layer, can greatly reduce the plating coarsening time, thereby can reduce the consumption of coarsening process and follow-up reduction process herb liquid, shorten electroplating time, reduce and electroplate energy consumption, pollution and comprehensive electroplating cost.
(3) preparation method of the present invention can obtain to have the coat of metal, the plastic electroplating goods of microporous foam layer and solid core three-decker, more superior aspect structural behaviour.The plastic products with microporous foam layer and solid core two-layer structure that the present invention obtains, top layer process alligatoring and follow-up electroplating technology are during the stage, can form the coat of metal with back-off structure, thereby obtain the high performance plastics plated item with the coat of metal, microporous foam layer and solid core three-decker of coating and plastics strong adhesion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is plastic electroplating goods preparation method's of the present invention injection moulding principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is for adopting the injection-molded item cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of plastic electroplating goods preparation method preparation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is for adopting the plastic electroplating article cross sections structural representation of plastic electroplating goods preparation method preparation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.
The specific embodiment
A kind of plastic electroplating goods preparation method, it includes:
(1) plastic pellet enters injecting machine material tube by hopper;
(2) injection machine utilizes bolt rotary and barrel heating plasticizing plastic pellet, passes into supercritical fluid to injecting machine material tube simultaneously, forms polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system; Supercritical fluid reaches stop supplies after set amount, and screw rod continues plasticizing, obtains not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid;
(3) screw rod reach, polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system takes the lead in injecting mould, forms the top layer microporous foam layer of product, and the polymer melt that does not absorb supercritical fluid of follow-up injection mould forms the product sandwich layer, finally make the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core;
(4) with the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core are electroplated by electroplating technology, finally make the top layer microporous foam, the plastic electroplating goods of solid core.
At first, plastic pellet enters injecting machine material tube from hopper, plastified into gradually polymer melt under the effect of the shearing of screw rod and barrel heating, simultaneously pass into supercritical fluid in injecting machine material tube, injection flow, time and the pressure of supercritical fluid is according to product volume size and product surface pore size and density setting.Polymer melt and supercritical fluid are mixed even under the shear action of screw in injection molding machine, and form polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system at screw front end.Supercritical fluid injects and to stop injecting after a certain amount of, and screw rod continued to retreat and plastified the storing action this moment, when the storing amount reach set after screw rod stop operating.Carry out subsequently action of injection, the polymer melt of injection moulding mould/supercritical fluid homogeneous system takes the lead in this moment, form the top layer microporous foam layer of product under the quick pressure releasing condition, the polymer melt that does not absorb supercritical fluid of follow-up injection mould forms the product sandwich layer, finally make the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core.Because this moment, product surface formed a large amount of micropores, so it can simplify alligatoring and two processes of reduction in the traditional electrical depositing process greatly.Electroplate by electroplating technologies such as ultrasonic wave paraffin removal, oil removing, alligatoring, neutralization reduction, catalysis, dispergation, chemical nickel, nickel preplating, copper facing, nickel plating and chromium plating subsequently, obtain the plastic electroplating goods.
In step (1), described plastic pellet comprises acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polypropylene, polysulfones, Merlon, nylon, polystyrene, glass fibre-reinforced phenolic resin material and polymer composite or high polymer alloy etc. for electroplating grade thermoplastic or thermosets.
In step (2), supercritical fluid is CO
2Or N
2Perhaps other supercritical fluid; Quantitatively control in order supercritical fluid and inject flow, pressure and time, form foremost polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system at the screw in injection molding machine measuring room, thereafter for not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid.
In step (3), screw in injection molding machine fast reach makes polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system rate be introduced into mould, and when the screw rod of injection machine continues to move forward, and enters mould after not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid.
In step (4), can form the pit of back-off shape after plastic products top layer micropore process roughening treatment, the coat of metal that after electroplating, formation has back-off structure; The plastic electroplating goods that make include the coat of metal, microporous foam layer and solid core.
As shown in Figure 1, described injection machine includes barrel 1, the top of barrel 1 is provided with hopper 9, be provided with screw rod 3 in barrel 1, and heat to barrel by the heater 2 that is arranged at barrel 1 periphery, mould 5 is fixed in the front end of barrel 1 and coordinates with barrel 1, at the homogenizing zone access supercritical fluid of described screw rod 3, provide supercritical fluid by air supply unit 8, and utilize metering units 7 to control the supercritical fluid injection length.
At first, the plastic pellet of abundant drying (the present embodiment is for electroplating a level ABS) is entered injecting machine material tube 1 by hopper 9, controlling barrel 1 temperature by heater is 190-250 ℃, and the temperature of setting mould 5 front moulds is 70-75 ℃, and the temperature of rear mold is 25 ℃.By screw rod 3 plasticizing ABS, and in plasticizing process, utilize air supply unit 8 that supercritical CO is provided
2Fluid, supercritical CO
2Fluid flow is 0.3～0.5kg/h, controls supercritical CO by metering units 7
2Injection length is 1～5s, and stopping injection length is 3～8s.Concrete supercritical fluid parameter arranges according to the goods of moulding decides, such as, product volume is larger, the surface micropore size is less, density is larger will suitably strengthen the supercritical fluid flow, extends the time that supercritical fluid injects and stops injecting.Enter the supercritical CO of barrel 1
2With the ABS melt mixed after melting, and mix by screw rod 3 shear actions, form supercritical CO at screw rod 3 front ends
2/ ABS melt homogeneous system 4.Metering units 7 stops supercritical CO
2Inject, screw rod 3 continues the not ABS of plasticizing of plasticizing, and screw rod 3 stops operating after the storing amount reaches setting.Carry out subsequently action of injection, take the lead in injecting the supercritical CO of mould 5 this moment
2/ ABS melt homogeneous system 4 forms the top layer microporous foam layer of product and is evenly distributed on the mold cavity surface, the not absorption supercritical CO of follow-up injection mould under the quick pressure releasing condition
2ABS melt 6 form the product solid core, after mold filling is completed, coolingly rapidly make product pressurize typing, obtaining thickness is 100-200 μ m and the plastic products that contain 1-10 μ m diameter microporous foam layer 10, solid core 11, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.Carry out Eletroplated plastics by techniques such as ultrasonic wave paraffin removal, oil removing, alligatoring, reduction, catalysis, dispergation, chemical nickel, nickel preplating, copper facing, nickel plating and chromium plating at last, coat of metal 12(such as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5 at the surperficial substrates 30-50 of plastic part μ m left and right thickness), finally obtain the ABS plastic plated item.The a large amount of micropores 10 that wherein formed by means of the injecting products surface, can greatly simplify chemical roughen and reduction process in the traditional electrical depositing process, and form and to have the coat of metal 12 of back-off structure, thereby significantly improve binding force of cladding material, obtain high performance ABS plastic plated item.
The above embodiment has only expressed one embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (9)
1. a plastic electroplating goods preparation method, is characterized in that, it includes:
(1) plastic pellet enters injecting machine material tube by hopper;
(2) injection machine utilizes bolt rotary and barrel heating plasticizing plastic pellet, passes into supercritical fluid to injecting machine material tube simultaneously, forms polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system; Supercritical fluid reaches stop supplies after set amount, and screw rod continues plasticizing, obtains not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid;
(3) screw rod reach, polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system takes the lead in injecting mould, forms the top layer microporous foam layer of product, continues to inject the polymer melt formation product sandwich layer that does not absorb supercritical fluid of mould, finally make the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core;
(4) with the top layer microporous foam, the plastic products of solid core are electroplated by electroplating technology, finally make have the coat of metal, the plastic electroplating goods of microporous foam layer and solid core three-decker.
2. plastic electroplating goods preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (1), described plastic pellet comprises acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polypropylene, polysulfones, Merlon, nylon, polystyrene, glass fibre-reinforced phenolic resin material and polymer composite or high polymer alloy etc. for electroplating grade thermoplastic or thermosets.
3. plastic electroplating goods preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), supercritical fluid is CO
2Or N
2Quantitatively control in order supercritical fluid and inject flow, pressure and time, form foremost polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system at the screw in injection molding machine measuring room, thereafter for not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid.
4. plastic electroplating goods preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), screw in injection molding machine reach fast makes polymer melt/supercritical fluid homogeneous system rate be introduced into mould, and when the screw rod of injection machine continues reach, enter mould after not absorbing the polymer melt of supercritical fluid.
5. plastic electroplating goods preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), plastic products microporous foam layer forms the coat of metal with back-off structure through forming the pit of back-off shape after roughening treatment after electroplating.
6. the plastic electroplating goods that plastic electroplating preparation method as described in claim 1 to 5 any one makes, is characterized in that, it includes: the solid core, microporous foam layer and the coat of metal that distribute from the inside to the outside.
7. plastic electroplating goods according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the thickness of described microporous foam layer is 100-200 μ m.
8. plastic electroplating goods according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described microporous foam layer includes a plurality of micropores, and the diameter of described micropore is 1-10 μ m.
9. plastic electroplating goods according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the thickness of the described coat of metal is 30-50 μ m.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103302929A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-18 | 四川宏亿复合材料工程技术有限公司 | Solid rubber-micropore foamed rubber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104231534A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2014-12-24 | 苏州高通新材料科技有限公司 | Plastic electroplated part and preparation method thereof |
| CN104451803A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-03-25 | 常熟市伟达电镀有限责任公司 | Process for electroplating plastics |
| CN105839159A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-10 | 无锡市嘉邦电力管道厂 | Polyvinyl plastic electroplating process |
| CN105984096A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-10-05 | 合肥汇通控股股份有限公司 | Injection molding technology method for improving appearance quality of plastic piece |
| CN111391229A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 上汽通用汽车有限公司 | Leather product and forming method thereof |
| CN113480804A (en) * | 2021-07-24 | 2021-10-08 | 深圳市金源康实业有限公司 | Plastic surface electroplating manufacturing process |
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| CN111391229A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 上汽通用汽车有限公司 | Leather product and forming method thereof |
| CN113480804A (en) * | 2021-07-24 | 2021-10-08 | 深圳市金源康实业有限公司 | Plastic surface electroplating manufacturing process |
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