The processing of a kind of industry, building, domestic refuse and recycling method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the resource recycling field, be specifically related to processing and the recycling of discarded object.
Background technology
Material commonly used in civil engineering is: concrete, reinforcing bar, timber, plastics, glass and other various synthetic materials, all belong to large material, consumption is very large, and the leftover pieces and the discarded object that produce simultaneously are very many, and these materials are all abandoned as discarded object usually, be the waste of resource, again the human settlement caused very big destruction.
Industrial waste mainly comprises following a few class: the metallurgical slags such as blast-furnace cinder, slag, various non-ferrous metal slag, ferroalloy slag, iron-tion slag and various dust, mud; Peel off barren rock, driving barren rock, gangue, processing barren rocks, choosing and wash the debris that waste residue, various mine tailings etc. produce in the recovery process of various ores, coal; The fuel waste residue that produces after the fuel combustions such as cinder, flue dust, coal dust slag, shale ashes; The chemical sludge of discharging during the chemical industry such as sulfuric acid ore deposit slag, carbide slag, alkaline residue, coal gas slag, phosphorus slag, mercury slag, chromium slag, salt slurry, mud, boron slag, waste plastics and rubber scraps, glass waste residue, ceramic waste residue, waste sludge from paper mill and building waste wood are produced.
Domestic refuse mainly can be divided into four large classes: recyclable rubbish, rubbish from cooking, Harmful Waste and Other Waste.Waste disposal method commonly used mainly contains sanitary landfills and burning at present.Recyclable rubbish comprises stationery, metal, plastics, glass etc., recycles by integrated treatment, can reduce pollution, saving resource; Harmful Waste comprise refuse battery, waste daylight lamp tube, waste water silver thermometer, expired medicine etc., and these rubbish need specific safety to process.
For above all refuses, the method that in the past adopted is stacked, is burned, buries for passive, will take a large amount of urban lands, and China has the city more than 2/3 to be among the encirclement of " garbage mountain "; Eluviation and bacterium are decomposed makes harmful substance and pathogenic bacteria enter soil; Make harmful substance enter water body by dipping, percolation and bacterial decomposition, the quality of grievous injury water body; Discarded object can produce pernicious gas and dust in transportation and processing procedure, will discharge stench and poison gas in the decomposable process of nature, causes area source.The pollution of soil, water source and atmosphere, the serious harm health.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide processing and the recycling method of a kind of industry, building, domestic refuse.
Technical problem solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
The processing of a kind of industry, building, domestic refuse and recycling method, it is characterized in that, with trade waste, building castoff, the domestic refuse raw material additive as curable materials, by curable materials is solidified, trade waste, building castoff, domestic refuse are fixed, and the trade waste after being fixed, building castoff, domestic refuse are reused as the part of the solidfied material after solidifying.After adopting this method, at first the discarded object part that can be used as solidfied material is utilized again, and secondly discarded object adds the performance that is conducive to improve cheaply solidfied material.
Trade waste, building castoff, domestic refuse add in curable materials after treatment, described processing comprises pretreatment, processes, described pretreatment is that various discarded objects are sorted out, sorted, the described processing again comprises the solid waste pulverizing, makes its size below 37.5mm.Can guarantee solidification effect like this
For metal waste, the described processing more also comprises with sour clean surface rust staining, infiltrates the surface with epoxy resin or polyurethane.The described processing again is conducive to discarded object and close-burning while of Binder Materials, also can prevent the generation of getting rusty.
Described curable materials can be inorganic coagulation material.Can also be the polymer matrix composites of sneaking into curing agent.
Described inorganic coagulation material is magnesium phosphate cement preferably, contains magnesia, phosphate, borax in described magnesium phosphate cement;
Trade waste, building castoff, domestic refuse are mixed in described magnesium phosphate cement, then by adding water cure, be used for making take the concrete of discarded object as gathering materials.
The performances such as magnesium phosphate cement is a kind of Binder Materials that can solidify rapidly, has early strength high, and adhesive property is good, cementing, the cohesion ability is more intense, to the excellent function of being fixed with of various discarded objects.By magnesium phosphate cement fixedly the castoff concrete made of discarded object have higher-strength.And can adopt the die trial of special shape during moulding, and with the block regrown material of the concrete that is molded into special shape, as rockwork, the enclosing structure in road deck, municipal works etc.
Can also contain flyash in described magnesium phosphate cement, described flyash quality accounts for the 10-20% of magnesium phosphate cement.Be conducive to increase the durability of castoff concrete.
Can also contain cellulose fibre in described magnesium phosphate cement, described cellulose fibre accounts for the 1-3% of magnesium phosphate cement.Be conducive to increase the intensity of castoff concrete.
Can also contain waterglass in described magnesium phosphate cement, described waterglass accounts for the 1-3% of magnesium phosphate cement.Be conducive to improve the outward appearance of castoff concrete.
Described trade waste comprises metallurgical slag, debris, fuel waste residue, chemical sludge.
Described metallurgical slag comprises blast-furnace cinder, slag, non-ferrous metal slag, ferroalloy slag, iron-tion slag, dust, mud;
Described debris comprises that the peel off barren rock, driving barren rock, gangue, processing barren rocks, choosing in mine wash waste residue, various mine tailing;
Described fuel waste residue comprises cinder, flue dust, coal dust slag, shale ashes;
Described chemical sludge comprises sulfuric acid ore deposit slag, carbide slag, alkaline residue, coal gas slag, phosphorus slag, mercury slag, chromium slag, salt slurry, mud, boron slag, waste plastics, glass waste residue, ceramic waste residue, waste sludge from paper mill, rubber scraps.
Described building castoff comprises discarded concrete, discarded reinforcing bar, waste wood, waste plastic, scrap glass.
Described domestic refuse comprises house refuse.Described house refuse comprises stationery, metal, plastics, glass, refuse battery, waste daylight lamp tube, waste water silver thermometer, expired medicine.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, the below elaborates the present invention.
The processing of a kind of industry, building, domestic refuse and recycling method, with trade waste, building castoff, the domestic refuse raw material additive as curable materials, by curable materials is solidified, trade waste, building castoff, domestic refuse are fixed, and the trade waste after being fixed, building castoff, domestic refuse are reused as the part of the solidfied material after solidifying.
Trade waste, building castoff, domestic refuse add in curable materials after treatment, processing comprises pretreatment, processes, pretreatment is that various discarded objects are sorted out, sorted, then processes and to comprise solid waste is pulverized, and makes its size below 37.5mm.
For metal waste, then process and also to comprise with sour clean surface rust staining, infiltrate surperficial with epoxy resin or polyurethane.
Curable materials can be inorganic coagulation material.
Inorganic coagulation material is magnesium phosphate cement preferably.Contain magnesia, phosphate, borax in magnesium phosphate cement.Trade waste, building castoff, domestic refuse are mixed in magnesium phosphate cement, then by adding water cure, be used for making castoff concrete.Phosphate, borax and magnesia 30-40:10-20:40-50 in mass ratio mix.
Phosphate is preferably potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate.In magnesium phosphate cement, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is preferably technical grade, and purity is 99.8%; Magnesia purity is preferably 85%.At first, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax are processed 12h with the drying facility drying respectively, temperature is 50 ℃; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax that drying is crossed are crossed respectively 150 μ m square hole screens, guarantee that screen over-size is no more than 10%; The potassium dihydrogen phosphate of processing and borax are deposited separately under the condition of sealing, drying, and each component coordinates by proper proportion can be prepared into magnesium phosphate cement.
Borax is preferably and is that technical grade, purity are 95%.Borax is the set retarder commonly used of magnesium phosphate cement, the B that the borax dissolving generates
4O
7 2-Be adsorbed onto rapidly the MgO particle surface, form one deck with B
4O
7 2-And Mg
2+Be main hydrated product layer, hindered dissolving and the K of MgO
+, PO
4 3-With contacting of MgO particle, reach the purpose to the magnesium phosphate cement slow setting.
The water-soluble aobvious acidity of phosphate, the water-soluble aobvious alkalescence of magnesia, the hydration reaction of magnesium phosphate cement is the acid-base neutralization reaction as leading take phosphate and magnesia.After magnesium phosphate cement and water mix, the phosphate in magnesium phosphate cement is at first soluble in water, and will ionize rapidly generation H
+And PO
4 3-, make solution be faintly acid; Under solutions of weak acidity, the MgO dissolving produces Mg
2+, dissolve and be diffused into Mg in liquid phase
2+With K
+, PO
4 3-Reaction generates unbodied magnesium-potassium phosphate complex compound aquation gel, i.e. phosphate hydrated product MgKPO rapidly
4.6H
2O。Along with the carrying out of reaction, product is crystallization gradually.
Because magnesia in system is superfluous, the product of separating out just covers mgo surface, forms one deck hydrated product film magnesia particle is closely connected to one.Along with the continuation of reaction, the K+ in solution and PO
4 3-Progressively see through the hydrated product film and be penetrated into the MgO particle surface, form more hydrated product, crystallization produces volumetric expansion and causes the hydrated product film rupture.MgO is exposed to again in acid solution, and hydration reaction speed is accelerated again, generates a large amount of hydrated products.Along with being on the increase of hyrate, contact and adhesion make the magnesium phosphate cement slurry become a crystalline texture net take the MgO particle as framework, take the phosphate hyrate as the main binding material each other, thereby make magnesium phosphate cement be hardened to the very hardenite of strong mechanical performance.
Can also contain flyash in magnesium phosphate cement, flyash quality accounts for the 10-20% of magnesium phosphate cement, and flyash can strengthen packing.All right cellulose fibre in magnesium phosphate cement, cellulose fibre accounts for the 1-3% of magnesium phosphate cement, and cellulose fibre can be gained in strength.All right waterglass in magnesium phosphate cement, waterglass accounts for the 1-3% of magnesium phosphate cement, and waterglass can improve outward appearance.
Can also contain Ludox in magnesium phosphate cement, the quality that magnesium phosphate cement is watered and the mass ratio of Ludox are 0.25-0.45.Specifically determine according to surface appearance and the moisture content of discarded object.
Building castoff refers to waste material or leftover pieces in civil engineering, comprises concrete, reinforcing bar, timber, plastics, glass and other various synthetic materials.
Industrial waste, namely industrial solid castoff, refer to various waste residues, dust and other refuses etc. that industrial and mining enterprises emit in the activity in production process, its passive stacking land occupation, contaminated soil, water source and atmosphere affect plant growth, are detrimental to health.Industrial waste mainly comprises:
(1) metallurgical slag refers in various metal smelt processes or all residue refuses of discharging after smelting.As blast-furnace cinder, slag, various non-ferrous metal slag, ferroalloy slag, iron-tion slag and various dust, mud etc.
(2) debris, in the recovery process of various ores, coal, the quantity of the slag of generation is extremely huge, and the wide range that comprises has the peel off barren rock, driving barren rock, gangue, processing barren rocks, choosing in mine to wash waste residue, various mine tailings etc.
(3) fuel waste residue, the refuse that produces after fuel combustion mainly contains cinder, flue dust, coal dust slag, shale ashes etc.
The industrial residue of discharging during (4) chemical sludge, chemical industry are produced mainly comprises sulfuric acid ore deposit slag, carbide slag, alkaline residue, coal gas slag, phosphorus slag, mercury slag, chromium slag, salt slurry, mud, boron slag, waste plastics and rubber scraps etc.In industrial solid wastes, also include glass waste residue, ceramic waste residue, waste sludge from paper mill and building waste wood etc.
Domestic refuse, the rubbish that produces in the schedule life generally can be divided into four large classes: recyclable rubbish, rubbish from cooking, Harmful Waste and Other Waste.Waste disposal method commonly used mainly contains sanitary landfills and burning at present.Recyclable rubbish comprises stationery, metal, plastics, glass etc., recycles by integrated treatment, can reduce pollution, saving resource; Harmful Waste comprise refuse battery, waste daylight lamp tube, waste water silver thermometer, expired medicine etc., and these rubbish need specific safety to process.
Above demonstration and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.