CN103138259B - Safety and stability analysis method for access of intermittent large-scale wind power to grid - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety and stability analysis method for access of intermittent large-scale wind power to grid. The steps of the safety and stability analysis method for the access of the intermittent large-scale wind power to the grid include that: (1) effect factors of the grid safety and stability are confirmed; (2) the effect factors are selected; (3) parameters are set, a mold is built, a stability analysis is conducted; (4) whether a result is in a stable state or not is judged, if yes, a step (5) is conducted, otherwise the step (3) is re-conducted to modify the parameters, and a stability analysis is conducted again; (5) according to the set parameters and model, intermittent large-scale wind power are accessed to the grid. According to the safety and stability analysis method for the access of the intermittent large-scale wind power to the grid, full consideration is given to the fact that the system analysis of the access of a wind power station causes adverse effects on normal operation of the grid because win power as a power source has the characteristics of intermittency and difficulty in controlling. The defects that the intermittence is not considered by a safety and stability study of a traditional fire motor accessing into the grid, and only the continuity is considered are overcome, and technical support is provided for the development of wind large-scale combining to the grid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, be specifically related to a kind of intermittent large-scale wind power access power grid security and stability analytical method.
Background technology
Intermittent wind power generation is the green energy resource of Sustainable Exploitation, in renewable energy power generation form, is one of forms of electricity generation the most ripe except water power.In recent years; wind power generation development rapidly in the world; the Chinese government pays much attention to develop wind energy resources; using wind resources development and utilization as the major action improving energy resource structure, promote environmental protection, keep economy and social sustainable development, and using the major way one of of wind power generation as wind power resources utilization and utilization.On January 1st, 2006, the development being formally embodied as wind power generation of " Renewable Energy Law " provides new motive force and guarantee, and the wind power generation of China enters an extensive development stage.
The safety and stability research of conventional continuity fired power generating unit access electrical network is many, but less to electric network influencing research after intermittent wind power integration electrical network.In recent years Wind Power Development is also comparatively rapid, and because wind-powered electricity generation has the intermittent characteristic with being difficult to dispatch as power supply, wind energy turbine set access brings adverse influence by the normal operation of electrical network.Therefore between carrying out, the research of intermittent large-scale wind power access power grid security and stability analytical technology has very important effect for the safe and stable operation after wind energy turbine set puts into operation.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of intermittent large-scale wind power access power grid security and stability analytical method, overcome the safety and stability research of conventional fired power generating unit access electrical network and consider continuity, do not consider intermittent deficiency, for the development of wind-force large-scale grid connection provides technical support.
One provided by the invention intermittent large-scale wind power access power grid security and stability analytical method, its improvements are, described method comprises the steps:
(1) power grid security and stability influencing factor is determined;
(2) influencing factor is chosen;
(3) parameters, modeling, line stabilization analysis of going forward side by side;
(4) whether judged result is stable state, is, carries out step (5), otherwise re-starts stability analysis after returning step (3) amendment parameter;
(5) according to the parameter arranged and model, by intermittent large-scale wind power access electrical network.
Wherein, step (1) described influencing factor comprises steady-state characteristic factor, voltage power-less characteristic factor, transient characterisitics factor, dynamic characteristic and intermittent large-scale wind power development scale and grid structure constellation.
Wherein, the parameter that step (3) is arranged comprises merit angle, voltage and frequency.
Wherein, select the modeling of steady-state characteristic factor, the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
A), during modeling, N-1 and N-2 fault is chosen;
B) joint use double loop three and forever jump single time fault;
When c) emulating, whether checking circuit exceedes stability limit;
If d) exceed stability limit, be then judged as labile state.
Wherein, select the modeling of voltage power-less characteristic factor, carry out stability analysis and comprise:
Under doubly fed machine constant power factor control model, when system low-voltage reactive power compensation, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage all remain unchanged, analyze wind power from zero to rated value change procedure, system busbar voltage fluctuation situation, judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state;
Under doubly fed machine constant voltage control model, under system low-voltage reactive power compensation, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage all remain unchanged situation, when analyzing blower voltage control for 1.0p.u, each wind power is from zero to rated value change procedure, system busbar voltage fluctuation situation, judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state; With
After the capacity of dynamic reactive compensation device adds electrical network; system low-voltage reactive power compensation in wind power change procedure, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage etc. all remain unchanged; simulate the situation that each wind power changes from zero to rated value; system busbar voltage fluctuation situation; judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state.
Wherein, select the modeling of transient characterisitics factor, the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
Wind-powered electricity generation is selected to concentrate and the Typical Route fault of web area, electrical network load angle characteristic after judgement disturbance;
The relatively load angle characteristic of electrical network under described Typical Route fault under wind-powered electricity generation all stoppage in transit conditions; Or
According to load angle characteristic, low voltage ride-through capability of wind turbine generator system, compare the change of merit angle.
Wherein, described Typical Route fault comprises three fault, circuit single failure, the locking of direct current one pole, DC bipolar block, loss of exicitation fault or power plant full cut-off faults forever.
Wherein, according to load angle characteristic, judge that the foundation of the stabilization of power grids comprises:
Electrical network suffers, each time after large disturbances, to cause merit angle between each unit of electric power system relatively to increase, and waves out-of-step free through first, second;
Multimachine system is in rocking process, and the relative angle between wantonly two units is not less than 200 °, but still can return to synchronous fading and stablize gradually;
In system oscillation process, just some little units or terminal area small power supply lose stable, and main system and large-sized unit not unstability, if the little unit of automatic parallel off unstability or terminal area small power supply, be judged as that main system is stable.
Wherein, select the modeling of dynamic characteristic factor, the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
1) power system operating mode is chosen;
2) adopt frequency-domain analysis method, (i.e. Eigenvalues analysis method) analyze minor interference dynamic stability;
3) judge damping ratio size, if damping ratio is less than set point, be then judged to be labile state.Obtain the damping ratio size of all electromechanic oscillation modes of total system, be exactly the speed of oscillatory extinction and the number of the number of oscillation, damping ratio is larger, and oscillatory extinction is faster, and the number of oscillation is fewer.
Wherein, step 2) frequency domain is converted to time domain, carry out Time Domain Analysis, analyze minor interference dynamic stability.
Wherein, select intermittent large-scale wind power development scale and the modeling of grid structure constellation, carry out stability analysis and comprise:
Wind-powered electricity generation concentrates the stability analysis of grid-connected rear grid-connected near region system;
Wind-powered electricity generation concentrate grid-connected after and the cross-impact analysis of near region power plant of the main force.
Wherein, described wind-powered electricity generation concentrates the stability analysis of grid-connected rear grid-connected near region system to comprise wind power integration system near region N-1 surely analysis and the catastrophe failure analysis of wind power integration system near region temporarily; Its step is as follows:
1. N-1 fault and catastrophe failure card are set;
2. Dynamic simulation model;
3. judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
Wherein, described wind-powered electricity generation concentrates grid-connected cross-impact analysis that is rear and near region power plant of the main force to comprise:
I) during emulation, setting separate unit generator generation excitation winding open circuit loss of excitation fault;
II) fault generator was excised in after fault 4 seconds;
III) judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
Wherein, described wind-powered electricity generation concentrates grid-connected cross-impact analysis that is rear and near region power plant of the main force to comprise:
I) the fault card that certain power plant is shut down is set;
Ii) Dynamic simulation model;
Iii) judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention takes into full account that wind-powered electricity generation has the intermittent characteristic with being difficult to dispatch as power supply, and the access of network analysis wind energy turbine set brings adverse influence by the normal operation of electrical network.Overcome the safety and stability research of conventional fired power generating unit access electrical network and consider continuity, not considering intermittent deficiency, for the development of wind-force large-scale grid connection provides technical support.
Wind power generation is the green energy resource of Sustainable Exploitation, in renewable energy power generation form, is one of forms of electricity generation the most ripe except water power.Therefore the stable case study carrying out wind power integration system has very important effect for the safe and stable operation after wind energy turbine set puts into operation, and will bring great economic benefit.
The present invention carries out power grid stability analysis from steady-state characteristic factor, voltage power-less characteristic factor, transient characterisitics factor, dynamic characteristic and intermittent large-scale wind power development scale and these aspects of grid structure constellation respectively, it embodies the overall performance of electrical network, achieves the multianalysis of electrical network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of method for analyzing stability provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The one that the present embodiment provides intermittent large-scale wind power access power grid security and stability analytical method, its flow chart as shown in Figure 1, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) power grid security and stability influencing factor is determined; Described influencing factor comprises steady-state characteristic factor, voltage power-less characteristic factor, transient characterisitics factor, dynamic characteristic and intermittent large-scale wind power development scale and grid structure constellation.
(2) at least one influencing factor is chosen;
(3) parameters, modeling, line stabilization analysis of going forward side by side; The parameter arranged comprises merit angle, voltage and frequency.
<1> selects the modeling of steady-state characteristic factor, and the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
1), during modeling, N-1 and N-2 fault is chosen;
2) joint use double loop three and forever jump single time fault;
3), when emulating, whether checking circuit exceedes stability limit (limit of stability limit grid power, it is determined according to the critical value of line power);
4) if exceed stability limit, then labile state is judged as.
<2> selects the modeling of voltage power-less characteristic factor, carries out stability analysis and comprises:
Under doubly fed machine constant power factor control model, when system low-voltage reactive power compensation, other unit (unit of removing low-pressure reactive compensation equipment) startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage all remain unchanged, analyze wind power from zero to rated value change procedure, system busbar voltage fluctuation situation, judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state;
Under doubly fed machine constant voltage control model, under system low-voltage reactive power compensation, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage all remain unchanged situation, when analyzing blower voltage control for 1.0p.u, each wind power is from zero to rated value change procedure, system busbar voltage fluctuation situation, judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state; With
After the capacity of dynamic reactive compensation device adds electrical network; system low-voltage reactive power compensation in wind power change procedure, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage etc. all remain unchanged; simulate the situation that each wind power changes from zero to rated value; system busbar voltage fluctuation situation; judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state.
<3> selects the modeling of transient characterisitics factor, and the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
1) wind-powered electricity generation is selected to concentrate the Typical Route fault of also web area, electrical network load angle characteristic after judgement disturbance;
2) load angle characteristic of electrical network under described Typical Route fault under wind-powered electricity generation all stoppage in transit conditions is compared;
3) according to load angle characteristic, low voltage ride-through capability of wind turbine generator system, the change of merit angle is compared.
Wherein, described Typical Route fault comprises three fault, circuit single failure, the locking of direct current one pole, DC bipolar block, loss of exicitation fault or power plant full cut-off faults forever.
Wherein, according to load angle characteristic, judge that the foundation of the stabilization of power grids comprises:
Electrical network suffers, each time after large disturbances, to cause merit angle between each unit of electric power system relatively to increase, and waves out-of-step free through first, second;
Multimachine system is in rocking process, and the relative angle between wantonly two units is not less than 200 °, but still can return to synchronous fading and stablize gradually;
In system oscillation process, just some little units or terminal area small power supply lose stable, and main system (electrical network of present analysis is main system) and large-sized unit not unstability, if the little unit of automatic parallel off unstability or terminal area small power supply (capacity is less than 60MW), think that main system is stable.
<4> selects the modeling of dynamic characteristic factor, and the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
1) power system operating mode is chosen;
2) adopt frequency-domain analysis method, (i.e. Eigenvalues analysis method) analyze minor interference dynamic stability;
3) judge damping ratio size, if damping ratio is less than set point, be then judged to be labile state.Obtain the damping ratio size of all electromechanic oscillation modes of total system, be exactly the speed of oscillatory extinction and the number of the number of oscillation, damping ratio is larger, and oscillatory extinction is faster, and the number of oscillation is fewer.
Frequency domain can be converted to time domain by the present embodiment, adopts Time Domain Analysis, analyzes minor interference dynamic stability.
Wherein, described operational mode comprises that rich large mode large-scale wind power does not access electrical network mode, rich large mode large-scale wind power access electrical network mode, rich little mode large-scale wind power do not access electrical network mode, rich little mode large-scale wind power access electrical network mode.
<5> selects intermittent large-scale wind power development scale and the modeling of grid structure constellation, carries out stability analysis and comprises:
1) wind-powered electricity generation concentrates the stability analysis of grid-connected rear grid-connected near region system, comprises wind power integration system near region N-1 and surely analyzes temporarily and the catastrophe failure analysis of wind power integration system near region; With
2) wind-powered electricity generation concentrate grid-connected after and the cross-impact analysis of near region power plant of the main force.
The near region of the present embodiment refers to the system be directly directly connected with the electrical network at wind power integration electrical network place.
Above-mentioned 1), in, its analytical procedure comprises:
1. N-1 fault and catastrophe failure card are set;
2. Dynamic simulation model;
3. judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
Above-mentioned 2), in, the step of analysis comprises:
I) during emulation, setting separate unit generator generation excitation winding open circuit loss of excitation fault;
II) fault generator was excised in after fault 4 seconds;
III) judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
Or
I) the fault card that certain power plant is shut down is set;
Ii) Dynamic simulation model;
Iii) judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
Wherein,
Merit angle judges stabilization of power grids foundation:
Electrical network suffers, each time after large disturbances, to cause merit angle between each unit of electric power system relatively to increase, and waves out-of-step free through first, second;
Multimachine system is in rocking process, and the relative angle between wantonly two units is not less than 200 °, but still can return to synchronous fading and stablize gradually; Or
In system oscillation process, just some little units or terminal area small power supply lose stable, and main system and large-sized unit not unstability, if the little unit of automatic parallel off unstability or terminal area small power supply, think that main system is stable.
Voltage judges stabilization of power grids foundation: monitor in the transient process after electric power system is disturbed, and load busbar voltage can return to more than 0.80 nominal voltage within 10s.
Frequency judges stabilization of power grids foundation: after UFLS action, and operational system steady frequency should be made to return to normal level.If system frequency is suspended in the level lower than 49.0Hz for a long time, then the special configuration taken turns should considering long delay and action situation; Islanded system frequency raises or because of frequency toning when cutting load causes recovery; its maximum should more than 51Hz; and must coordinate mutually with the overfrequency protection of unit in operation; and leave certain nargin; the Large Steam Turbine Sets of highly automated control is avoided may wrong diagnosis to open in overfrequency process; or overspeed protection OPC action, expansion accident further.(4) judge whether stability analysis result is stable state, is, carry out step (5), otherwise re-start stability analysis after returning step (3) amendment parameter; Main amendment merit angle, voltage and frequency etc.
(5) according to the parameter arranged and model, by intermittent large-scale wind power access electrical network.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. an intermittent large-scale wind power access power grid security and stability analytical method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
(1) power grid security and stability influencing factor is determined;
(2) influencing factor is chosen;
(3) parameters, modeling, line stabilization analysis of going forward side by side;
(4) whether judged result is stable state, is, carries out step (5), otherwise re-starts stability analysis after returning step (3) amendment parameter;
(5) according to the parameter arranged and model, by intermittent large-scale wind power access electrical network;
Step (1) described influencing factor comprises steady-state characteristic factor, voltage power-less characteristic factor, transient characterisitics factor, dynamic characteristic and intermittent large-scale wind power development scale and grid structure constellation;
Select the modeling of steady-state characteristic factor, the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
A), during modeling, N-1 and N-2 fault is chosen;
B) joint use double loop three and forever jump single time fault;
When c) emulating, whether checking circuit exceedes stability limit;
If d) exceed stability limit, be then judged as labile state.
2. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the parameter that step (3) is arranged comprises merit angle, voltage and frequency.
3. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, selects the modeling of voltage power-less characteristic factor, carries out stability analysis and comprise:
Under doubly fed machine constant power factor control model, when system low-voltage reactive power compensation, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage all remain unchanged, analyze wind power from zero to rated value change procedure, system busbar voltage fluctuation situation, judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state;
Under doubly fed machine constant voltage control model, under system low-voltage reactive power compensation, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage all remain unchanged situation, when analyzing blower voltage control for 1.0p.u, each wind power is from zero to rated value change procedure, system busbar voltage fluctuation situation, judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state; After adding electrical network with the capacity of dynamic reactive compensation device; system low-voltage reactive power compensation in wind power change procedure, other unit startup-shutdown mode and unit set end voltage all remain unchanged; simulate the situation that each wind power changes from zero to rated value; system busbar voltage fluctuation situation; judging that whether voltage is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, is labile state.
4. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, select the modeling of transient characterisitics factor, the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
Wind-powered electricity generation is selected to concentrate and the Typical Route fault of web area, electrical network load angle characteristic after judgement disturbance;
The relatively load angle characteristic of electrical network under described Typical Route fault under wind-powered electricity generation all stoppage in transit conditions; Or according to load angle characteristic, low voltage ride-through capability of wind turbine generator system, compare the change of merit angle.
5. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described Typical Route fault comprises three fault, circuit single failure, the locking of direct current one pole, DC bipolar block, loss of exicitation fault or power plant full cut-off faults forever.
6. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, according to load angle characteristic, judges that the foundation of the stabilization of power grids comprises:
Electrical network suffers, each time after large disturbances, to cause merit angle between each unit of electric power system relatively to increase, and waves out-of-step free through first, second;
Multimachine system is in rocking process, and the relative angle between wantonly two units is not less than 200 °, but still can return to synchronous fading and stablize gradually;
In system oscillation process, just some little units or terminal area small power supply lose stable, and main system and large-sized unit not unstability, if the little unit of automatic parallel off unstability or terminal area small power supply, be judged as that main system is stable.
7. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, select the modeling of dynamic characteristic factor, the step of carrying out stability analysis comprises:
1) power system operating mode is chosen;
2) adopt frequency-domain analysis method, analyze minor interference dynamic stability;
3) judge damping ratio size, if damping ratio is less than set point, be then judged to be labile state.
8. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, step 2) frequency domain is converted to time domain, carry out Time Domain Analysis, analyze minor interference dynamic stability.
9. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, select intermittent large-scale wind power development scale and the modeling of grid structure constellation, carry out stability analysis and comprise:
Wind-powered electricity generation concentrates the stability analysis of grid-connected rear grid-connected near region system;
Wind-powered electricity generation concentrate grid-connected after and the cross-impact analysis of near region power plant of the main force.
10. security and stability analytical method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described wind-powered electricity generation is concentrated the stability analysis of grid-connected rear grid-connected near region system to comprise wind power integration system near region N-1 and surely analyzed temporarily and the catastrophe failure analysis of wind power integration system near region; Its step is as follows:
1. N-1 fault and catastrophe failure card are set;
2. Dynamic simulation model;
3. judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
11. security and stability analytical methods as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described wind-powered electricity generation concentrates grid-connected cross-impact analysis that is rear and near region power plant of the main force to comprise:
I) during emulation, setting separate unit generator generation excitation winding open circuit loss of excitation fault;
II) fault generator was excised in after fault 4 seconds;
III) judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
12. security and stability analytical methods as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described wind-powered electricity generation concentrates grid-connected cross-impact analysis that is rear and near region power plant of the main force to comprise:
I) the fault card that certain power plant is shut down is set;
Ii) Dynamic simulation model;
Iii) judge whether voltage, merit angle and frequency are stablized, if stable, judge that electrical network is as stable state.
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| CN102799722A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-11-28 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Simulation verification method for low voltage ride through (LVRT) of wind farm |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101242102A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2008-08-13 | 江苏省电力试验研究院有限公司 | Method for integrated evaluation of large-scale complex power grid |
| CN101764413A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2010-06-30 | 中国电力科学研究院 | System simulation method for connecting large-scale wind power into power grid in centralization way |
| CN102013679A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-04-13 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Method for analyzing influence on power grid after large-scale wind power central integration |
| CN102799722A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-11-28 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Simulation verification method for low voltage ride through (LVRT) of wind farm |
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